Polyamines inhibit carbonic anhydrases by anchoring to the zinc-coordinated water molecule.

Article Details

Citation

Carta F, Temperini C, Innocenti A, Scozzafava A, Kaila K, Supuran CT

Polyamines inhibit carbonic anhydrases by anchoring to the zinc-coordinated water molecule.

J Med Chem. 2010 Aug 12;53(15):5511-22. doi: 10.1021/jm1003667.

PubMed ID
20590092 [ View in PubMed
]
Abstract

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are inhibited by sulfonamides, phenols, and coumarins. Polyamines such as spermine, spermidine, and many synthetic congeners are described to constitute a novel class of CA inhibitors (CAIs), interacting with the different CA isozymes with efficiency from the low nanomolar to millimolar range. The main structure-activity relationship for these CAIs have been delineated: the length of the molecule, number of amine moieties, and their functionalization are the main parameters controlling activity. The X-ray crystal structure of the CA II-spermine adduct allowed understanding of the inhibition mechanism. Spermine anchors to the nonprotein zinc ligand through a network of hydrogen bonds. Its distal amine moiety makes hydrogen bonds with residues Thr200 and Pro201, which further stabilize the adduct. Spermine binds differently compared to sulfonamides, phenols, or coumarins, rendering possible to develop CAIs with a diverse inhibition mechanism, profile, and selectivity for various isoforms.

DrugBank Data that Cites this Article

Binding Properties
DrugTargetPropertyMeasurementpHTemperature (°C)
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 1Ki (nM)250N/AN/ADetails
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 12Ki (nM)5.7N/AN/ADetails
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 14Ki (nM)41N/AN/ADetails
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 2Ki (nM)12N/AN/ADetails
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 3Ki (nM)200000N/AN/ADetails
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 4Ki (nM)74N/AN/ADetails
AcetazolamideCarbonic anhydrase 7Ki (nM)2.5N/AN/ADetails
DiclofenamideCarbonic anhydrase 1Ki (nM)1200N/AN/ADetails
DiclofenamideCarbonic anhydrase 2Ki (nM)38N/AN/ADetails
DiclofenamideCarbonic anhydrase 3Ki (nM)680000N/AN/ADetails
DiclofenamideCarbonic anhydrase 4Ki (nM)15000N/AN/ADetails
DiclofenamideCarbonic anhydrase 7Ki (nM)26N/AN/ADetails