Identification
- Summary
Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used to treat and prevent a variety of bacterial infections.
- Brand Names
- Aktipak, Apo-Erythro-S, Benzamycin, E.E.S., Ery, Ery-tab, Erygel, Eryped, Erythro, Erythrocin, Erythrocin Stearate
- Generic Name
- Erythromycin
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB00199
- Background
Erythromycin is a bacteriostatic antibiotic drug produced by a strain of Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly Streptomyces erythraeus) and belongs to the macrolide group of antibiotics which consists of Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Spiramycin and others. It was originally discovered in 1952.20 Erythromycin is widely used for treating a variety of infections, including those caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.20,21 It is available for administration in various forms, including intravenous, topical, and eye drop preparations.20
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational, Vet approved
- Structure
Structure for Erythromycin (DB00199)
- Weight
- Average: 733.9268
Monoisotopic: 733.461241235 - Chemical Formula
- C37H67NO13
- Synonyms
- 3''-O-demethylerythromycin
- Abomacetin
- Eritromicina
- Erythromycin
- Erythromycin A
- Erythromycin C
- érythromycine
- Erythromycinum
- External IDs
- NSC-55929
Pharmacology
- Indication
Erythromycin is indicated in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of various bacteria.21 The indications for erythromycin have been summarized by body system below:
Respiratory infections
Mild to moderate upper respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Haemophilus influenzae (when used concomitantly with appropriate doses of sulfonamides) can be treated with erythromycin.21 Mild to moderate lower-respiratory tract infections due to susceptible strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae or Streptococcus pyogenes may also be treated. Erythromycin treats listeriosis caused by Listeria monocytogenes may also be treated with erythromycin.21 Erythromycin is indicated to treat pertussis (whooping cough) caused by Bordetella pertussis. It is effective in eliminating the causative organism from the nasopharynx of infected individuals, rendering them noninfectious. Clinical studies suggest that erythromycin may aid in the prevention of pertussis infection for individuals who have been exposed to the bacteria.21 Respiratory tract infections due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae may also be treated with erythromycin.21 Despite the fact that no controlled clinical efficacy studies have been conducted to this date, in vitro and certain preliminary clinical study results indicate that erythromycin may be an effective treatment in Legionnaires’ Disease.21 Finally, erythromycin is indicated to treat diphtheria and other infections due to Corynebacterium diphtheriae, as an adjunct to antitoxin, to prevent carrier status and to eradicate the organism in existing carriers.21 In addition to the prevention of diphtheria, erythromycin can be used to prevent rheumatic fever in penicillin intolerant patients.21
Skin infections
Mild to moderate skin or skin structure infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes or Staphylococcus aureus may be treated with erythromycin, however, resistant staphylococcal organisms may emerge.21 Erythromycin can also be used to treat erythrasma, an infectious condition caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum.21
Gastrointestinal infections
Intestinal amebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica can be treated with oral erythromycin. Extraenteric amebiasis warrants treatment with other antimicrobial drugs.21
Genital infections/STIs
Erythromycin can be used as an alternative drug in treating acute pelvic inflammatory disease caused by N. gonorrheae in female patients who have demonstrated hypersensitivity or intolerance to penicillin.21 Syphilis, caused by Treponema pallidum, can be treated with erythromycin. It serves as an alternative treatment for primary syphilis in patients who have demonstrated penicillin hypersensitivity. Erythromycin can also be used in the primary stage of primary syphilis.21 Another approved indication of erythromycin is to treat chlamydial infections that cause conjunctivitis of the newborn, pneumonia of infancy, and urogenital infections occurring in pregnancy. It is indicated as an alternative option to tetracyclines for the treatment of uncomplicated rectal, urethral and endocervical infections in adults caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.21 Erythromycin can be used in nongonococcal urethritis can be used when tetracyclines cannot be administered. Finally, erythromycin is indicated to treat nongonococcal urethritis due to Ureaplasma urealyticum.21
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Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Used in combination to treat Acne Combination Product in combination with: Zinc acetate (DB14487) •••••••••••• Used in combination to treat Acne vulgaris Combination Product in combination with: Adapalene (DB00210) •••••••••••• •••••••• Treatment of Acne vulgaris •••••••••••• Used in combination to treat Acne vulgaris Combination Product in combination with: Benzoyl peroxide (DB09096) •••••••••••• Used in combination to treat Acute otitis media caused by haemophilus influenzae Combination Product in combination with: Sulfisoxazole (DB00263) •••••••••••• •••••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Macrolides, such as erythromycin, stop bacterial growth by inhibiting protein synthesis and translation, treating bacterial infections.8 Erythromycin does not exert effects on nucleic acid synthesis.21 This drug has been shown to be active against most strains of the following microorganisms, effectively treating both in vitro and clinical infections. Despite this, it is important to perform bacterial susceptibility testing before administering this antibiotic, as resistance is a common issue that may affect treatment.21
A note on antimicrobial resistance, pseudomembranous colitis, and hepatotoxicity
Many strains of Haemophilus influenzae are resistant to erythromycin alone but are found to be susceptible to erythromycin and sulfonamides used in combination. It is important to note that Staphylococci that are resistant to erythromycin may emerge during erythromycin and/or sulfonamide therapy.21 Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported with most antibacterial agents, including erythromycin, and may range in severity from mild to life-threatening. Therefore, the physician should consider this diagnosis in patients with diarrhea after the administration of antibacterial agents.21 Erythromycin can cause hepatic dysfunction, cholestatic jaundice, and abnormal liver transaminases, particularly when erythromycin estolate is administered.22
- Mechanism of action
In order to replicate, bacteria require a specific process of protein synthesis, enabled by ribosomal proteins.9 Erythromycin acts by inhibition of protein synthesis by binding to the 23S ribosomal RNA molecule in the 50S subunit of ribosomes in susceptible bacterial organisms. It stops bacterial protein synthesis by inhibiting the transpeptidation/translocation step of protein synthesis and by inhibiting the assembly of the 50S ribosomal subunit.21,10 This results in the control of various bacterial infections.13,21 The strong affinity of macrolides, including erythromycin, for bacterial ribosomes, supports their broad‐spectrum antibacterial activities.13
Target Actions Organism A23S ribosomal RNA inhibitorEnteric bacteria and other eubacteria NMotilin receptor agonistHumans NPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 inhibitorHumans - Absorption
Orally administered erythromycin is readily absorbed. Food intake does not appear to exert effects on serum concentrations of erythromycin.21 Some interindividual variation exists in terms of erythromycin absorption, which may impact absorption to varying degrees.21 The Cmax of erythromycin is 1.8 mcg/L15 and the Tmax is 1.2 hours.19 The serum AUC of erythromycin after the administration of a 500mg oral dose was 7.3±3.9 mg.h/l in one pharmacokinetic study.19 Erythromycin is well known for a bioavailability that is variable (18-45%) 6,14 after oral administration and its susceptibility to broken down under acidic conditions.5
- Volume of distribution
Erythromycin is found in most body fluids and accumulates in leucocytes and inflammatory liquid.21,5,19 Spinal fluid concentrations of erythromycin are low, however, the diffusion of erythromycin through the blood-brain barrier increases in meningitis, likely due to the presence of inflamed tissues which are easily penetrated.22 Erythromycin crosses the placenta.21
- Protein binding
Erythromycin demonstrates 93% serum protein binding in the erythromycin propionate form.7 Another resource indicates that erythromycin protein binding ranges from 80 to 90%.18
- Metabolism
Hepatic first-pass metabolism contributes significantly to erythromycin metabolism after an oral dose.11 Erythromycin is partially metabolized by CYP3A4 enzyme to N-desmethylerythromycin.21,8 Erythromycin is also hydrolyzed to anhydro forms (anhydroerythromycin [AHE] and other metabolites), and this process is promoted by acidic conditions.5 AHE is inactive against microbes but inhibits hepatic drug oxidation and is therefore considered to be an important contributor to erythromycin drug-drug interactions.5
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- Route of elimination
In patients with normal liver function, erythromycin concentrates in the liver and is then excreted in the bile.22Under 5% of the orally administered dose of erythromycin is found excreted in the urine.22,19 A high percentage of absorbed erythromycin is not accounted for, but is likely metabolized.22
- Half-life
The elimination half-life of oral erythromycin was 3.5 hours according to one study6 and ranged between 2.4-3.1 hours in another study.15 Repetitive dosing of erythromycin leads to increased elimination half-life.16
- Clearance
The clearance of erythromycin in healthy subjects was 0.53 ± 0.13 l/h/kg after a 125mg intravenous dose.11 In a clinical study of healthy patients and patients with liver cirrhosis, clearance of erythromycin was significantly reduced in those with severe liver cirrhosis.17 The clearance in cirrhotic patients was 42.2 ± 10.1 l h–1 versus 113.2 ± 44.2 l h-1 in healthy patients.17
- Adverse Effects
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LD50
The oral LD50 of erythromycin in rats is 9272 mg/kg.23
Overdose information
Symptoms of overdose may include diarrhea, nausea, stomach cramps, and vomiting. Erythromycin should immediately be discontinued in cases of overdose. Rapid elimination of unabsorbed drug should be attempted. Supportive measures should be initiated. Erythromycin is not adequately removed by peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis.21
- Pathways
Pathway Category Erythromycin Action Pathway Drug action - Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs Browse all" title="About SNP Mediated Effects/ADRs" id="snp-actions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
Interacting Gene/Enzyme Allele name Genotype(s) Defining Change(s) Type(s) Description Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Villeurbanne Not Available 1000_1002delACC ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Torun Not Available 1006A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Sunderland Not Available 105_107delCAT ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Iwatsuki Not Available 1081G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Serres Not Available 1082C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Tondela Not Available 1084_1101delCTGAACGAGCGCAAGGCC ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Loma Linda Not Available 1089C->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Aachen Not Available 1089C->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Tenri Not Available 1096A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Montpellier Not Available 1132G>A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Calvo Mackenna Not Available 1138A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Riley Not Available 1139T->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Olomouc Not Available 1141T->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Tomah Not Available 1153T->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Lynwood Not Available 1154G->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Madrid Not Available 1155C->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Iowa, Walter Reed, Springfield Not Available 1156A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Beverly Hills, Genova, Iwate, Niigata, Yamaguchi Not Available 1160G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Hartford Not Available 1162A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Praha Not Available 1166A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Krakow Not Available 1175T>C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Wisconsin Not Available 1177C->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Nashville, Anaheim, Portici Not Available 1178G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Alhambra Not Available 1180G->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Bari Not Available 1187C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Puerto Limon Not Available 1192G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Covao do Lobo Not Available 1205C>A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Clinic Not Available 1215G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Utrecht Not Available 1225C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Suwalki Not Available 1226C->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Riverside Not Available 1228G->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Japan, Shinagawa Not Available 1229G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Kawasaki Not Available 1229G->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Munich Not Available 1231A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Georgia Not Available 1284C->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Sumare Not Available 1292T->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Telti/Kobe Not Available 1318C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Santiago de Cuba, Morioka Not Available 1339G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Harima Not Available 1358T->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Figuera da Foz Not Available 1366G->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Amiens Not Available 1367A>T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Bangkok Noi Not Available 1376G->T, 1502T->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Fukaya Not Available 1462G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Campinas Not Available 1463G->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Buenos Aires Not Available 1465C>T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Arakawa Not Available 1466C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Brighton Not Available 1488_1490delGAA ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Kozukata Not Available 159G->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Amsterdam Not Available 180_182delTCT ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase No name Not Available 202G->A, 376A->G, 1264C>G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Swansea Not Available 224T->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Urayasu Not Available 281_283delAGA ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Vancouver Not Available 317C->G544C->T592C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Mt Sinai Not Available 376A->G, 1159C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Plymouth Not Available 488G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Volendam Not Available 514C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Shinshu Not Available 527A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Chikugo Not Available 535A->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Tsukui Not Available 561_563delCTC ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Pedoplis-Ckaro Not Available 573C>G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Santiago Not Available 593G->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Minnesota, Marion, Gastonia, LeJeune Not Available 637G->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Cincinnati Not Available 637G->T, 1037A->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Harilaou Not Available 648T->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase North Dallas Not Available 683_685delACA ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Asahikawa Not Available 695G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Durham Not Available 713A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Stonybrook Not Available 724_729delGGCACT ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Wayne Not Available 769C->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Aveiro Not Available 806G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Cleveland Corum Not Available 820G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Lille Not Available 821A>T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Bangkok Not Available 825G>C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Sugao Not Available 826C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase La Jolla Not Available 832T->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Wexham Not Available 833C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Piotrkow Not Available 851T>C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase West Virginia Not Available 910G->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Omiya Not Available 921G->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Nara Not Available 953_976delCCACCAAAGGGTACCTGGAC GACC ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Manhattan Not Available 962G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Rehevot Not Available 964T->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Honiara Not Available 99A->G / 1360C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Tokyo, Fukushima Not Available 1246G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Chatham Not Available 1003G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Fushan Not Available 1004C->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Partenope Not Available 1052G->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Ierapetra Not Available 1057C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Anadia Not Available 1193A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Abeno Not Available 1220A->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Surabaya Not Available 1291G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Pawnee Not Available 1316G->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase S. Antioco Not Available 1342A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Cassano Not Available 1347G->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Hermoupolis Not Available 1347G->C / 1360C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Union,Maewo, Chinese-2, Kalo Not Available 1360C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Andalus Not Available 1361G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Cosenza Not Available 1376G->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Canton, Taiwan- Hakka, Gifu-like, Agrigento-like Not Available 1376G->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Flores Not Available 1387C->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Kaiping, Anant, Dhon, Sapporo-like, Wosera Not Available 1388G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Kamogawa Not Available 169C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Costanzo Not Available 179T>C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Amazonia Not Available 185C->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Songklanagarind Not Available 196T->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Hechi Not Available 202G->A / 871G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Namouru Not Available 208T->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Bao Loc Not Available 352T>C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Crispim Not Available 375G->T, 379G->T383T->C384C>T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Acrokorinthos Not Available 376A->G / 463C->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Santa Maria Not Available 376A->G / 542A->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Ananindeua Not Available 376A->G / 871G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Vanua Lava Not Available 383T->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Valladolid Not Available 406C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Belem Not Available 409C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Liuzhou Not Available 442G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Shenzen Not Available 473G>A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Taipei ‚ÄúChinese- 3‚Äù Not Available 493A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Toledo Not Available 496C>T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Naone Not Available 497G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Nankang Not Available 517T->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Miaoli Not Available 519C->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Mediterranean, Dallas, Panama‚ Sassari, Cagliari, Birmingham Not Available 563C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Coimbra Shunde Not Available 592C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Nilgiri Not Available 593G>A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Radlowo Not Available 679C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Roubaix Not Available 811G>C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Haikou Not Available 835A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Chinese-1 Not Available 835A->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Mizushima Not Available 848A>G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Osaka Not Available 853C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Viangchan, Jammu Not Available 871G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Seoul Not Available 916G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Ludhiana Not Available 929G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Farroupilha Not Available 977C->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Chinese-5 Not Available 1024C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Rignano Not Available 130G>A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Orissa Not Available 131C->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase G6PDNice Not Available 1380G>C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Kamiube, Keelung Not Available 1387C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Neapolis Not Available 1400C->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Aures Not Available 143T->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Split Not Available 1442C->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Kambos Not Available 148C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Palestrina Not Available 170G>A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Metaponto Not Available 172G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Musashino Not Available 185C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Asahi Not Available 202G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase A- (202), Ferrara I Not Available 202G->A / 376A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Murcia Oristano Not Available 209A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Ube Konan Not Available 241C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Lagosanto Not Available 242G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Guangzhou Not Available 274C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Hammersmith Not Available 323T->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Sinnai Not Available 34G->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase A- (680) Not Available 376A->G / 680G->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase A- (968), Betica,Selma, Guantanamo Not Available 376A->G / 968T->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Salerno Pyrgos Not Available 383T>G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Quing Yan Not Available 392G->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Lages Not Available 40G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Ilesha Not Available 466G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Mahidol Not Available 487G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Malaga Not Available 542A->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Sibari Not Available 634A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Mexico City Not Available 680G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Nanning Not Available 703C->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Seattle, Lodi, Modena, Ferrara II, Athens-like Not Available 844G->C ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Bajo Maumere Not Available 844G->T ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Montalbano Not Available 854G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Kalyan-Kerala, Jamnaga, Rohini Not Available 949G->A ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase Gaohe Not Available 95A->G ADR Inferred Increased risk of dose-related hemolysis. Details
Interactions
- Drug Interactions Learn More" title="About Drug Interactions" id="structured-interactions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your software1,2-Benzodiazepine The serum concentration of 1,2-Benzodiazepine can be increased when it is combined with Erythromycin. Abametapir The serum concentration of Erythromycin can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir. Abatacept The metabolism of Erythromycin can be increased when combined with Abatacept. Abciximab The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Erythromycin is combined with Abciximab. Abemaciclib The serum concentration of Abemaciclib can be increased when it is combined with Erythromycin. - Food Interactions
- Avoid grapefruit products.
- Take on an empty stomach. Allow approximately 30 minutes to 2 hours before meals, as this increases erythromycin absorption.
- Take with a full glass of water.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Erythromycin estolate XRJ2P631HP 3521-62-8 AWMFUEJKWXESNL-JZBHMOKNSA-N Erythromycin ethylsuccinate 1014KSJ86F 1264-62-6 NSYZCCDSJNWWJL-YXOIYICCSA-N Erythromycin gluceptate 2AY21R0U64 23067-13-2 ZXBDZLHAHGPXIG-VTXLJDRKSA-N Erythromycin lactobionate 33H58I7GLQ 3847-29-8 NNRXCKZMQLFUPL-WBMZRJHASA-N Erythromycin phosphate I8T8KU14X7 4501-00-2 VUEMAFLGEMYXIH-YZPBMOCRSA-N Erythromycin stearate LXW024X05M 643-22-1 YAVZHCFFUATPRK-YZPBMOCRSA-N Erythromycin sulfate KVW9N83AME 7184-72-7 XTSSJGRRFMNXGO-YZPBMOCRSA-N Erythromycin thiocyanate Y7A95YRI88 7704-67-8 WVRRTEYLDPNZHR-YZPBMOCRSA-N - Product Images
- International/Other Brands
- Ilosone (Cipa)
- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Akne-mycin Ointment 20 mg/1g Topical Coria Laboratories 1985-01-10 2015-06-30 US 
E.E.s Granule, for suspension 200 mg/5mL Oral Azurity Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (formerly Arbor Pharmaceuticals) 2011-04-18 Not applicable US E.E.s Granule, for suspension 200 mg/5mL Oral Azurity Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (formerly Arbor Pharmaceuticals) 2011-04-18 Not applicable US E.E.s Granule, for suspension 200 mg/5mL Oral A S Medication Solutions 2011-04-18 Not applicable US E.E.S. Suspension 200 mg/5mL Oral UNSPECIFIED 2006-06-05 2006-06-05 US - Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Alti-erythromycin Tab 250mg USP Tablet, delayed release 250 mg / tab Oral Altimed Pharma Inc. 1985-12-31 1999-09-17 Canada 
E.E.s 400 Tablet 400 mg/1 Oral Physicians Total Care, Inc. 2011-05-03 2012-06-30 US E.E.s 400 Tablet 400 mg/1 Oral Azurity Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (formerly Arbor Pharmaceuticals) 2011-05-03 Not applicable US E.E.S. Tablet, film coated 400 mg/1 Oral Pd Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010-12-16 2016-12-15 US E.E.S. Tablet, film coated 400 mg/1 Oral Pd Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2010-12-16 2016-12-15 US - Over the Counter Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image สตาร์โทรซิน Tablet, film coated 250 mg Oral บริษัท ห้างขายยาตราเจ็ดดาว จำกัด 2008-01-25 2020-09-29 Thailand 
สตาร์โทรซิน Tablet, film coated 250 mg Oral บริษัท ห้างขายยาตราเจ็ดดาว จำกัด 2000-12-27 2020-09-29 Thailand อีริซิน ขี้ผึ้ง Ointment 2 %w/w Topical บริษัท อังกฤษตรางู (แอล.พี.) จำกัด 2017-02-07 2020-09-29 Thailand - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image ACNEMIX % 5 + % 3 JEL, 46.6 GR Erythromycin (30 mg/g) + Benzoyl peroxide (50 mg/g) Gel Topical BİLİM İLAÇ SAN. VE TİC. A.Ş. 2013-08-07 Not applicable Turkey 
AKNEMYCIN PLUS SOLUTION Erythromycin (4 g/100g) + Tretinoin (0.025 g/100g) Solution Topical ZUELLIG PHARMA PTE. LTD. 2000-02-04 Not applicable Singapore 
Aktipak Erythromycin (30 mg/1g) + Benzoyl peroxide (50 mg/1g) Gel Topical Cutanea Life Sciences, Inc. 2017-04-10 2019-09-30 US BENZADERM %3+%5 TOPİKAL JEL, 46,6 GRAM Erythromycin (3 %) + Benzoyl peroxide (5 %) Gel Topical SOLEBİO İLAÇ SANAYİ İTHALAT İHRACAT A.Ş. 2019-01-25 Not applicable Turkey Benzamycin Erythromycin (30 mg/1g) + Benzoyl peroxide (50 mg/1g) Kit Topical Dermik Laboratories 1985-01-01 2016-01-31 US - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Erythromycin Erythromycin (5 mg/1g) Ointment Ophthalmic Fera Pharmaceuticals, LLC 2023-09-27 Not applicable US Maxitril Erythromycin (0.31 g/0.31g) + Bacitracin zinc (500 [USP'U]/1g) Kit Topical Fusion Pharmaceuticals LLC 2010-02-08 2010-09-01 US Mytrophene Erythromycin (0.31 g/0.31g) + Bacitracin zinc (500 [USP'U]/1g) Kit Topical Fusion Pharmaceuticals LLC 2010-05-15 2012-08-31 US Spotex Erythromycin (1200 mg/30g) Gel Topical Pella Pharmaceuticals Co. ltd 2013-09-10 Not applicable US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- J01FA01 — Erythromycin
- J01FA — Macrolides
- J01F — MACROLIDES, LINCOSAMIDES AND STREPTOGRAMINS
- J01 — ANTIBACTERIALS FOR SYSTEMIC USE
- J — ANTIINFECTIVES FOR SYSTEMIC USE
- D10AF — Antiinfectives for treatment of acne
- D10A — ANTI-ACNE PREPARATIONS FOR TOPICAL USE
- D10 — ANTI-ACNE PREPARATIONS
- D — DERMATOLOGICALS
- Drug Categories
- Anti-Acne Preparations
- Anti-Acne Preparations for Topical Use
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Anti-Infective Agents
- Antibacterials for Systemic Use
- Antiinfectives for Systemic Use
- Antiinfectives for Treatment of Acne
- BSEP/ABCB11 Inhibitors
- BSEP/ABCB11 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inhibitors (moderate)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Inhibitors (moderate)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A7 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A7 Inhibitors (moderate)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A7 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
- Dermatologicals
- Enzyme Inhibitors
- Erythromycin and similars
- Erythromycins
- Gastrointestinal Agents
- Lactones
- Macrolide Antimicrobial
- Macrolides
- Macrolides, Lincosamides and Streptogramins
- Moderate Risk QTc-Prolonging Agents
- OATP1B1/SLCO1B1 Inhibitors
- OATP1B1/SLCO1B1 Substrates
- OATP1B3 inhibitors
- OATP1B3 substrates
- Ophthalmologicals
- P-glycoprotein inhibitors
- P-glycoprotein substrates
- Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
- QTc Prolonging Agents
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as aminoglycosides. These are molecules or a portion of a molecule composed of amino-modified sugars.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organic oxygen compounds
- Class
- Organooxygen compounds
- Sub Class
- Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
- Direct Parent
- Aminoglycosides
- Alternative Parents
- Macrolides and analogues / O-glycosyl compounds / Monosaccharides / Oxanes / Tertiary alcohols / 1,2-aminoalcohols / Trialkylamines / Lactones / Cyclic ketones / Carboxylic acid esters show 10 more
- Substituents
- 1,2-aminoalcohol / Acetal / Alcohol / Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compound / Amine / Amino acid or derivatives / Aminoglycoside core / Carbonyl group / Carboxylic acid derivative / Carboxylic acid ester show 23 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aliphatic heteromonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- erythromycin (CHEBI:42355) / Macrolides and lactone polyketides, Macrolides (C01912) / Macrolides and lactone polyketides (LMPK04000006)
- Affected organisms
- Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria
- Streptococcus pyogenes
- Haemophilus influenzae
- Staphylococcus aureus
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 63937KV33D
- CAS number
- 114-07-8
- InChI Key
- ULGZDMOVFRHVEP-RWJQBGPGSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C37H67NO13/c1-14-25-37(10,45)30(41)20(4)27(39)18(2)16-35(8,44)32(51-34-28(40)24(38(11)12)15-19(3)47-34)21(5)29(22(6)33(43)49-25)50-26-17-36(9,46-13)31(42)23(7)48-26/h18-26,28-32,34,40-42,44-45H,14-17H2,1-13H3/t18-,19-,20+,21+,22-,23+,24+,25-,26+,28-,29+,30-,31+,32-,34+,35-,36-,37-/m1/s1
- IUPAC Name
- (3R,4S,5S,6R,7R,9R,11R,12R,13S,14R)-6-{[(2S,3R,4S,6R)-4-(dimethylamino)-3-hydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy}-14-ethyl-7,12,13-trihydroxy-4-{[(2R,4R,5S,6S)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-4,6-dimethyloxan-2-yl]oxy}-3,5,7,9,11,13-hexamethyl-1-oxacyclotetradecane-2,10-dione
- SMILES
- CC[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O[C@H]2C[C@@](C)(OC)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O2)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@H]2O)N(C)C)[C@](C)(O)C[C@@H](C)C(=O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@]1(C)O
References
- Synthesis Reference
Takehiro Amano, Masami Goi, Kazuto Sekiuchi, Tomomichi Yoshida, Masahiro Hasegawa, "Process for preparing erythromycin A oxime or a salt thereof." U.S. Patent US5274085, issued October, 1966.
US5274085- General References
- Kanazawa S, Ohkubo T, Sugawara K: The effects of grapefruit juice on the pharmacokinetics of erythromycin. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2001 Jan-Feb;56(11):799-803. [Article]
- Ogwal S, Xide TU: Bioavailability and stability of erythromycin delayed release tablets. Afr Health Sci. 2001 Dec;1(2):90-6. [Article]
- Okudaira T, Kotegawa T, Imai H, Tsutsumi K, Nakano S, Ohashi K: Effect of the treatment period with erythromycin on cytochrome P450 3A activity in humans. J Clin Pharmacol. 2007 Jul;47(7):871-6. [Article]
- Houin G, Tillement JP, Lhoste F, Rapin M, Soussy CJ, Duval J: Erythromycin pharmacokinetics in man. J Int Med Res. 1980;8 Suppl 2:9-14. [Article]
- Krasniqi S, Matzneller P, Kinzig M, Sorgel F, Huttner S, Lackner E, Muller M, Zeitlinger M: Blood, tissue, and intracellular concentrations of erythromycin and its metabolite anhydroerythromycin during and after therapy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2012 Feb;56(2):1059-64. doi: 10.1128/AAC.05490-11. Epub 2011 Nov 14. [Article]
- Amsden GW: Erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin: are the differences real? Clin Ther. 1996 Jan-Feb;18(1):56-72; discussion 55. [Article]
- Gordon RC, Regamey C, Kirby WM: Serum protein binding of erythromycin, lincomycin, and clindamycin. J Pharm Sci. 1973 Jul;62(7):1074-7. [Article]
- Fohner AE, Sparreboom A, Altman RB, Klein TE: PharmGKB summary: Macrolide antibiotic pathway, pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2017 Apr;27(4):164-167. doi: 10.1097/FPC.0000000000000270. [Article]
- Champney WS, Burdine R: Macrolide antibiotics inhibit 50S ribosomal subunit assembly in Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Sep;39(9):2141-4. [Article]
- Champney WS, Miller M: Inhibition of 50S ribosomal subunit assembly in Haemophilus influenzae cells by azithromycin and erythromycin. Curr Microbiol. 2002 Jun;44(6):418-24. [Article]
- Sun H, Frassetto LA, Huang Y, Benet LZ: Hepatic clearance, but not gut availability, of erythromycin is altered in patients with end-stage renal disease. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Apr;87(4):465-72. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2009.247. Epub 2010 Jan 20. [Article]
- Franke RM, Lancaster CS, Peer CJ, Gibson AA, Kosloske AM, Orwick SJ, Mathijssen RH, Figg WD, Baker SD, Sparreboom A: Effect of ABCC2 (MRP2) transport function on erythromycin metabolism. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2011 May;89(5):693-701. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2011.25. Epub 2011 Mar 30. [Article]
- Dinos GP: The macrolide antibiotic renaissance. Br J Pharmacol. 2017 Sep;174(18):2967-2983. doi: 10.1111/bph.13936. Epub 2017 Aug 10. [Article]
- Mather LE, Austin KL, Philpot CR, McDonald PJ: Absorption and bioavailability of oral erythromycin. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1981 Aug;12(2):131-40. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01191.x. [Article]
- Wang LQ, Hu ZY, Yu Q, Guo X, Xiong J, Huang ZZ, Cheng ZN: [Pharmacokinetics of erythromycin stinoprate capsule]. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2005 Apr;30(2):197-201. [Article]
- Colburn WA, Di Santo AR, Gibaldi M: Pharmacokinetics of erythromycin on repetitive dosing. J Clin Pharmacol. 1977 Oct;17(10 Pt 1):592-600. [Article]
- Barre J, Mallat A, Rosenbaum J, Deforges L, Houin G, Dhumeaux D, Tillement JP: Pharmacokinetics of erythromycin in patients with severe cirrhosis. Respective influence of decreased serum binding and impaired liver metabolic capacity. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1987 Jun;23(6):753-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1987.tb03111.x. [Article]
- Periti P, Mazzei T, Mini E, Novelli A: Clinical pharmacokinetic properties of the macrolide antibiotics. Effects of age and various pathophysiological states (Part I). Clin Pharmacokinet. 1989 Apr;16(4):193-214. doi: 10.2165/00003088-198916040-00001. [Article]
- Kavi J, Webberley JM, Andrews JM, Wise R: A comparison of the pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of spiramycin and erythromycin. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1988 Jul;22 Suppl B:105-10. doi: 10.1093/jac/22.supplement_b.105. [Article]
- NIH StatPearls: Erythromycin [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Ery-Ped (erythromycin ethylsuccinate) granules for oral suspension [Link]
- MedSafe NZ: ERA (erythromycin stearate) oral filmtabs [Link]
- Pfizer: Erythromycin MSDS [Link]
- DailyMed Label: Erythromycin Ethylsuccinate for Oral Suspension [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: ERYTHROMYCIN - erythromycin tablet, film coated for oral use [Link]
- Erythromycin estolate monograph [File]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0014344
- KEGG Drug
- D00140
- KEGG Compound
- C01912
- PubChem Compound
- 12560
- PubChem Substance
- 46508487
- ChemSpider
- 12041
- BindingDB
- 50344942
- 4053
- ChEBI
- 42355
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL532
- ZINC
- ZINC000085534336
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DAP000111
- PharmGKB
- PA449493
- PDBe Ligand
- ERY
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- PDRhealth
- PDRhealth Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Erythromycin
- PDB Entries
- 1jzy / 1yi2 / 2iyf / 2j0d / 3aoc / 3frq / 3j5l / 3j7z / 4m83 / 4v7u … show 29 more
- MSDS
- Download (82.9 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Completed Basic Science Healthy Subjects (HS) 1 4 Completed Prevention Antibiotic Allergy / Antibiotic Side Effect / Eyelid Diseases / Eyelid; Wound / Postoperative Wound Infection / Skin Cancer Face / Surgical Incisions / Surgical Site Infections / Surgical Wound, Recent 1 4 Completed Treatment Acute Obliterating Bronchiolitis / Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome (BOS) 1 4 Completed Treatment Asthma 1 4 Completed Treatment Blepharitis 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Hospira inc
- Parke davis div warner lambert co
- Warner chilcott inc
- Abbott laboratories pharmaceutical products div
- Barr laboratories inc
- Stiefel laboratories inc
- Altana inc
- Merz pharmaceuticals llc
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- Orthoneutrogena
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- Solvay pharmaceuticals
- Watson laboratories inc
- Life laboratories inc
- Lilly research laboratories div eli lilly and co
- Ross laboratories div abbott laboratories inc
- Pharmacia and upjohn co
- Naska pharmacal co inc div rugby darby group cosmetics
- Wyeth ayerst laboratories
- Abbott laboratories chemical and agricultural products div
- Mylan pharmaceuticals inc
- Elkins sinn div ah robins co inc
- Abraxis pharmaceutical products
- Baxter healthcare corp anesthesia and critical care
- Teva parenteral medicines inc
- Bristol laboratories inc div bristol myers co
- Warner chilcott div warner lambert co
- Lederle laboratories div american cyanamid co
- Purepac pharmaceutical co
- Bristol myers squibb co
- Pfizer laboratories div pfizer inc
- Packagers
- Abbott Laboratories Ltd.
- Advanced Pharmaceutical Services Inc.
- Akorn Inc.
- Amerisource Health Services Corp.
- Apotheca Inc.
- A-S Medication Solutions LLC
- Atlantic Biologicals Corporation
- Barr Pharmaceuticals
- Bausch & Lomb Inc.
- Bryant Ranch Prepack
- Cardinal Health
- Carlisle Laboratories Inc.
- Casa De Amigos Pharmacy
- Central Texas Community Health Centers
- Community Action Inc. Community Health Services
- Comprehensive Consultant Services Inc.
- Contract Pharm
- Core Pharmaceuticals
- Coria Laboratories
- Darby Dental Supply Co. Inc.
- Dept Health Central Pharmacy
- Dermik Labs
- Direct Dispensing Inc.
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- Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
- DPT Laboratories Ltd.
- DRX Pharmaceuticals
- E. Fougera and Co.
- Eli Lilly & Co.
- Eye Care and Cure Corp.
- Eye Supply Usa Inc.
- Fera Pharmaceuticals
- H.J. Harkins Co. Inc.
- Hospira Inc.
- Inyx Usa Ltd.
- Ivax Pharmaceuticals
- Kaiser Foundation Hospital
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- Liberty Pharmaceuticals
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- Medical Ophthalmics
- Medicis Pharmaceutical Co.
- Medisca Inc.
- Medvantx Inc.
- Merz Pharmaceuticals LLC
- Mississippi State Dept Health
- Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
- MWI Veterinary Supply Co.
- Mylan
- Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Nycomed Inc.
- Ocusoft
- Ortho Mcneil Janssen Pharmaceutical Inc.
- Paddock Labs
- Palmetto Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Patient First Corp.
- PCA LLC
- PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Perrigo Co.
- Pharmaceutical Corporation of America
- Pharmaceutical Utilization Management Program VA Inc.
- Pharmacia Inc.
- Pharmaderm
- Pharmedix
- Pharmpak Inc.
- Physicians Total Care Inc.
- Polfa
- Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Prepackage Specialists
- Prepak Systems Inc.
- Prescription Dispensing Service Inc.
- Proter SPA
- Qualitest
- Rebel Distributors Corp.
- Redpharm Drug
- Remedy Repack
- Resource Optimization and Innovation LLC
- Sandhills Packaging Inc.
- Sandoz
- Sanofi-Aventis Inc.
- Seneca Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Southwood Pharmaceuticals
- St Mary's Medical Park Pharmacy
- Stat Rx Usa
- Tolmar Inc.
- Tya Pharmaceuticals
- Valeant Ltd.
- Veratex Corp.
- Wa Butler Co.
- Wilson Ophthalmic Corp.
- Wockhardt Ltd.
- X-Gen Pharmaceuticals
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Ointment Topical 20 mg/1g Solution Topical 0.2 g/10g Solution Oral 20 mg Solution Topical 4 g/100g Ointment 20 mg Tablet, delayed release Oral 250 mg / tab Suspension Oral 200 mg Suspension Oral 5.0000 g Tablet Oral 883.390 mg Lotion Topical 2 g Tablet, film coated Oral Tablet Granule, for suspension Oral 200 mg/5mL Tablet, film coated Oral 400 mg/1 Powder, for suspension Oral 40 mg / mL Tablet Oral 200 mg / tab Powder, for suspension Oral 400 mg / 5 mL Gel Topical 4 %w/w Capsule, liquid filled Oral 500 mg Gel Topical 4 % Granule, for suspension Oral 0.1 % Granule, for suspension Oral 10 % Granule, for suspension Oral 1000 MG Granule, for suspension Oral 500 MG Injection, solution Intramuscular 0.5 g Injection, solution Intramuscular 100 MG/2ML Injection, solution Intravenous 1 g Solution / drops Oral 200 mg/5ml Solution / drops Oral 30 ML Tablet Oral 100 MG Tablet Oral 250 MG Tablet Oral 500 MG Tablet, chewable Oral 200 MG Tablet, film coated Oral 600 MG Capsule Oral 0.125 G Tablet, coated Oral Tablet, coated Oral 0.250 G Granule, for suspension Oral Granule Oral 4 g Powder, for suspension Oral 5 g Suspension Oral 5 g Powder, for suspension Oral 10 g Tablet, coated Oral 600 mg Suspension Oral Suspension Oral 2.5 % Suspension Oral 4 % Cream Topical Gel Topical Lotion Topical Injection, powder, for solution Parenteral 1 G/20ML Injection, powder, for solution Parenteral 500 MG/10ML Suspension Oral 500000 g Tablet, coated Oral 500 mg Suppository Capsule Oral 250 mg Injection Intravenous Swab Topical 20 mg/1mL Tablet, delayed release Oral 250 mg/1 Tablet, delayed release Oral 333 mg/1 Tablet, delayed release Oral 500 mg/1 Gel Cutaneous Gel Cutaneous 4.000 g Capsule, coated pellets Oral 250 mg/1 Capsule, delayed release pellets Oral 250 mg/1 Capsule, delayed release Oral 250 mg Capsule, delayed release Oral 333 mg Cream Gel Topical 2 % Solution Topical Solution Topical Powder, for suspension Oral 200 mg/5ml Suspension Oral 200 mg/5mL Suspension Oral 400 mg/5mL Wafer Oral 200 mg/1 Granule, for suspension Oral 200 mg Lotion Topical 2 % w/v Tablet, coated Oral 250 mg Granule Oral 1000 MG Tablet Oral 600 mg Injection, powder, for solution Parenteral 1.0 g Tablet Oral 250 mg / tab Tablet Oral 500 mg / tab Powder, for solution Intravenous 1 g / vial Powder, for solution Intravenous 500 mg / vial Injection, powder, for solution Intravenous 1 g/1 Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution Intravenous 1 g/20mL Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution Intravenous 500 mg/100mL Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution Intravenous 500 mg/10mL Liquid Oral 50 mg / mL Liquid Oral 25 mg / mL Granule Oral 200 mg/5ml Granule Oral 400 mg/5ml Capsule Oral Capsule, delayed release Oral 250 mg/1 Gel Topical 20 mg/1g Ointment Ophthalmic 5 mg/1g Solution Topical 20 mg/1mL Solution Topical 20 mg/1 Tablet, coated Oral 250 mg/1 Tablet, coated Oral 500 mg/1 Gel; kit Topical Tablet, film coated Oral 250 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral 500 mg/1 Capsule Oral 250 mg / cap Syrup Oral 200 MG/5ml For suspension Oral 200 mg/5mL For suspension Oral 400 mg/5mL Granule, for suspension Oral 400 mg/5mL Tablet Oral 400 mg/1 Granule, for suspension Oral Ointment Ophthalmic 5 mg / g Tablet, film coated Oral 500 MG Tablet Oral 250 mg / cap Gel Topical Ointment Topical 0.5 g Solution / drops Oral Tablet Oral 500.000 mg Suspension Oral 125 mg / 5 mL Solution Topical 2 g Gel Topical 4 g Gel Topical 400000 g Solution Topical 4 g Ointment Ophthalmic 0.5 mg/1g Ointment Ophthalmic .5 % Powder, for solution Intravenous 1 g / amp Solution Oral 10 mg Solution Topical 0.01 g Ointment Topical 1.667 % Kit Topical Capsule, delayed release Oral 250 mg / cap Suspension Oral 250 mg / 5 mL Powder Oral 400 mg / 5 mL Powder, for solution Oral 100 mg / 5 mL Powder, for solution Oral 200 mg / 5 mL Ointment Ophthalmic 0.5 % Suspension Oral 10.000 g Tablet Buccal; Oral 4.4 mg Tablet Oral 333 mg/1 Tablet Oral 333 mg Tablet Oral 500 mg/1 Powder, for suspension Oral Lotion Topical Solution Cutaneous 4.000 g Gel Topical 1200 mg/30g Solution Topical 15 mg/1mL Solution Oral 2 g Lotion; swab Topical Tablet Oral Syrup Oral Granule Oral 200 MG Tablet 200 MG Tablet 500 MG Powder, for solution Topical Tablet, film coated Oral 250 mg Tablet, delayed release Oral 250 mg Ointment Topical 2 %w/w Powder Oral 125 mg/5ml Powder, for suspension Oral 125 mg/5ml Suspension Oral 125 mg/5ml - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Benzamycin 5-3% Gel 46.6 gm Jar 236.63USD jar BenzamycinPak 60 5-3% Packets (2 Box Contains 60 Packets) 142.45USD packet Erythromycin 2% Gel 60 gm Tube 46.8USD tube Erycette 60 2% Pad Box 30.99USD box Erythromycin 2% Gel 30 gm Tube 26.2USD tube Erythromycin 2% Solution 60ml Bottle 26.13USD bottle Eryderm 2% Solution 60ml Bottle 25.99USD bottle Erythromycin 5 mg/gm Ointment Limited Supply Available. 13.99USD tube Benzamycin gel 4.95USD g Akne-mycin 2% ointment 3.96USD g PCE 500 mg Enteric Coated Tabs 3.28USD tab Pce 500 mg dispertab 3.03USD tablet PCE 333 mg Enteric Coated Tabs 2.48USD tab Erythromycin e.s. powder 2.39USD g Benzamycinpak gel 2.37USD gel Pce 333 mg dispertab 2.3USD tablet Romycin eye ointment 1.98USD g Erythromycin eye ointment 1.44USD g Pms-Erythromycin 0.5 % Ointment 1.3USD g Emgel 2% topical gel 1.07USD g Ery-Tab 500 mg Enteric Coated Tabs 0.93USD tab Ery-tab 500 mg tablet ec 0.77USD tablet Ery-Tab 333 mg Enteric Coated Tabs 0.72USD tab Erythro-rx powder 0.72USD g Erythromycin ec 500 mg tablet 0.66USD tablet Erythromycin Base 500 mg tablet 0.61USD tablet Eryc 333 mg Capsule (Enteric-Coated Pellet) 0.6USD capsule Apo-Erythro-S 500 mg Tablet 0.57USD tablet E-mycin 333 mg tablet ec 0.54USD tablet Eryc 250 mg Capsule (Enteric-Coated Pellet) 0.54USD capsule Erythromycin powder 0.54USD g Erythromycin 2% gel 0.5USD g Erythromycin Base 250 mg Enteric Coated Capsule 0.5USD capsule Erythromycin Base 250 mg tablet 0.5USD tablet Ery-tab ec 500 mg tablet 0.46USD tablet Apo-Erythro E-C 333 mg Capsule (Enteric-Coated Pellet) 0.45USD capsule Ery-Tab 250 mg Enteric Coated Tabs 0.45USD tab Erythromycin st 500 mg tablet 0.44USD tablet Apo-Erythro E-C 250 mg Capsule (Enteric-Coated Pellet) 0.41USD capsule Ery-tab 333 mg tablet ec 0.4USD tablet Apo-Erythro-Es 600 mg Tablet 0.35USD tablet Erythromycin 500 mg filmtab 0.3USD tablet Erythrocin 500 mg filmtab 0.29USD tablet Ery-tab 250 mg tablet ec 0.27USD tablet E.e.s. 400 filmtab 0.25USD tablet Erythromycin 250 mg filmtab 0.25USD tablet Erythromycin es 400 mg tablet 0.25USD tablet Apo-Erythro-S 250 mg Tablet 0.22USD tablet Apo-Erythro Base 250 mg Tablet 0.19USD tablet Erythrocin 250 mg filmtab 0.16USD tablet Novo-Rythro Ees 80 mg/ml Suspension 0.15USD ml Novo-Rythro Estolate 50 mg/ml Suspension 0.13USD ml Novo-Rythro Ees 40 mg/ml Suspension 0.1USD ml DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 133-135 https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_US_CB8300078.aspx boiling point (°C) 719.69 https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_US_CB8300078.aspx water solubility Soluble in water at 2mg/ml https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_US_CB8300078.aspx logP 2.6 http://www.t3db.ca/toxins/T3D4764 logS -3.2 http://www.t3db.ca/toxins/T3D4764 pKa 8.88 https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_US_CB8300078.aspx - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.459 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 2.37 ALOGPS logP 2.6 Chemaxon logS -3.2 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 12.45 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 9 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 1 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 13 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 5 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 193.91 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 7 Chemaxon Refractivity 186.04 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 78.51 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 3 Chemaxon Bioavailability 0 Chemaxon Rule of Five No Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule Yes Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.5114 Blood Brain Barrier - 0.9889 Caco-2 permeable - 0.8957 P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.8098 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Inhibitor 0.8564 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.5963 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.9222 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.7898 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.9225 CYP450 3A4 substrate Substrate 0.6528 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.9045 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.907 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.923 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9074 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.5744 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.9391 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.9133 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.9335 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 1.0 Rat acute toxicity 2.2296 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9902 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.8956
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 291.0773052 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 286.0069052 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 272.1909052 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 237.03868 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 291.2436052 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 284.9698052 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 271.1429052 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 238.7624 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 290.1823052 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 284.5920052 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 272.7399052 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 245.05289 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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Yes
Inhibitor
References
- Moazed D, Noller HF: Chloramphenicol, erythromycin, carbomycin and vernamycin B protect overlapping sites in the peptidyl transferase region of 23S ribosomal RNA. Biochimie. 1987 Aug;69(8):879-84. [Article]
- Schlunzen F, Zarivach R, Harms J, Bashan A, Tocilj A, Albrecht R, Yonath A, Franceschi F: Structural basis for the interaction of antibiotics with the peptidyl transferase centre in eubacteria. Nature. 2001 Oct 25;413(6858):814-21. [Article]
- Garza-Ramos G, Xiong L, Zhong P, Mankin A: Binding site of macrolide antibiotics on the ribosome: new resistance mutation identifies a specific interaction of ketolides with rRNA. J Bacteriol. 2001 Dec;183(23):6898-907. [Article]
- Douthwaite S, Aagaard C: Erythromycin binding is reduced in ribosomes with conformational alterations in the 23 S rRNA peptidyl transferase loop. J Mol Biol. 1993 Aug 5;232(3):725-31. [Article]
- Wahab HA, Yam WK, Samian MR, Najimudin N: Refinement of a low-resolution crystal structure to better understand erythromycin interactions on large ribosomal subunit. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2008 Aug;26(1):131-46. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Agonist
- General Function
- Growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor activity
- Specific Function
- Receptor for motilin.
- Gene Name
- MLNR
- Uniprot ID
- O43193
- Uniprot Name
- Motilin receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 45343.725 Da
References
- Peeters T, Matthijs G, Depoortere I, Cachet T, Hoogmartens J, Vantrappen G: Erythromycin is a motilin receptor agonist. Am J Physiol. 1989 Sep;257(3 Pt 1):G470-4. [Article]
- Deloose E, Vos R, Janssen P, Van den Bergh O, Van Oudenhove L, Depoortere I, Tack J: The motilin receptor agonist erythromycin stimulates hunger and food intake through a cholinergic pathway. Am J Clin Nutr. 2016 Mar;103(3):730-7. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.115.113456. Epub 2016 Jan 27. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- Curator comments
- The majority of references suggest that this drug is a weak inhibitor of the HERG potassium channel.
- General Function
- Voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarization
- Specific Function
- Pore-forming (alpha) subunit of voltage-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channel. Channel properties are modulated by cAMP and subunit assembly. Mediates the rapidly activating component of the ...
- Gene Name
- KCNH2
- Uniprot ID
- Q12809
- Uniprot Name
- Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2
- Molecular Weight
- 126653.52 Da
References
- Du LP, Tsai KC, Li MY, You QD, Xia L: The pharmacophore hypotheses of I(Kr) potassium channel blockers: novel class III antiarrhythmic agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2004 Sep 20;14(18):4771-7. [Article]
- Stanat SJ, Carlton CG, Crumb WJ Jr, Agrawal KC, Clarkson CW: Characterization of the inhibitory effects of erythromycin and clarithromycin on the HERG potassium channel. Mol Cell Biochem. 2003 Dec;254(1-2):1-7. [Article]
- Crumb WJ Jr: Allosteric effects of erythromycin pretreatment on thioridazine block of hERG potassium channels. Br J Pharmacol. 2014 Apr;171(7):1668-75. doi: 10.1111/bph.12575. [Article]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Oxygen binding
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A5
- Uniprot ID
- P20815
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A5
- Molecular Weight
- 57108.065 Da
References
- McConn DJ 2nd, Lin YS, Allen K, Kunze KL, Thummel KE: Differences in the inhibition of cytochromes P450 3A4 and 3A5 by metabolite-inhibitor complex-forming drugs. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Oct;32(10):1083-91. doi: 10.1124/dmd.32.10.. [Article]
- Lolodi O, Wang YM, Wright WC, Chen T: Differential Regulation of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 and its Implication in Drug Discovery. Curr Drug Metab. 2017;18(12):1095-1105. doi: 10.2174/1389200218666170531112038. [Article]
- Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Ery-Ped (erythromycin ethylsuccinate) granules for oral suspension [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID
- P08684
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A4
- Molecular Weight
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Orlando R, Piccoli P, De Martin S, Padrini R, Palatini P: Effect of the CYP3A4 inhibitor erythromycin on the pharmacokinetics of lignocaine and its pharmacologically active metabolites in subjects with normal and impaired liver function. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Jan;55(1):86-93. [Article]
- Kenworthy KE, Bloomer JC, Clarke SE, Houston JB: CYP3A4 drug interactions: correlation of 10 in vitro probe substrates. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Nov;48(5):716-27. [Article]
- Klotz U: Interaction potential of lercanidipine, a new vasoselective dihydropyridine calcium antagonist. Arzneimittelforschung. 2002;52(3):155-61. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1299873. [Article]
- Zhou S, Yung Chan S, Cher Goh B, Chan E, Duan W, Huang M, McLeod HL: Mechanism-based inhibition of cytochrome P450 3A4 by therapeutic drugs. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(3):279-304. doi: 10.2165/00003088-200544030-00005. [Article]
- Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Ery-Ped (erythromycin ethylsuccinate) granules for oral suspension [Link]
- FDA Drug Development and Drug Interactions: Table of Substrates, Inhibitors and Inducers [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Oxygen binding
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A7
- Uniprot ID
- P24462
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A7
- Molecular Weight
- 57525.03 Da
References
- Torimoto N, Ishii I, Toyama K, Hata M, Tanaka K, Shimomura H, Nakamura H, Ariyoshi N, Ohmori S, Kitada M: Helices F-G are important for the substrate specificities of CYP3A7. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Mar;35(3):484-92. doi: 10.1124/dmd.106.011304. Epub 2006 Dec 18. [Article]
- Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Ery-Ped (erythromycin ethylsuccinate) granules for oral suspension [Link]
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates the Na(+)-independent uptake of organic anions such as 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, taurocholate, triiodothyronine (T3), leukotriene C4, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), methotre...
- Gene Name
- SLCO1B3
- Uniprot ID
- Q9NPD5
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3
- Molecular Weight
- 77402.175 Da
References
- Kalliokoski A, Niemi M: Impact of OATP transporters on pharmacokinetics. Br J Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;158(3):693-705. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00430.x. Epub 2009 Sep 25. [Article]
- Konig J: Uptake transporters of the human OATP family: molecular characteristics, substrates, their role in drug-drug interactions, and functional consequences of polymorphisms. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2011;(201):1-28. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-14541-4_1. [Article]
- Franke RM, Baker SD, Mathijssen RH, Schuetz EG, Sparreboom A: Influence of solute carriers on the pharmacokinetics of CYP3A4 probes. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Dec;84(6):704-9. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2008.94. Epub 2008 May 28. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Involved in the ATP-dependent secretion of bile salts into the canaliculus of hepatocytes.
- Gene Name
- ABCB11
- Uniprot ID
- O95342
- Uniprot Name
- Bile salt export pump
- Molecular Weight
- 146405.83 Da
References
- Pedersen JM, Matsson P, Bergstrom CA, Hoogstraate J, Noren A, LeCluyse EL, Artursson P: Early identification of clinically relevant drug interactions with the human bile salt export pump (BSEP/ABCB11). Toxicol Sci. 2013 Dec;136(2):328-43. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kft197. Epub 2013 Sep 6. [Article]
- Kock K, Ferslew BC, Netterberg I, Yang K, Urban TJ, Swaan PW, Stewart PW, Brouwer KL: Risk factors for development of cholestatic drug-induced liver injury: inhibition of hepatic basolateral bile acid transporters multidrug resistance-associated proteins 3 and 4. Drug Metab Dispos. 2014 Apr;42(4):665-74. doi: 10.1124/dmd.113.054304. Epub 2013 Oct 23. [Article]
- Padda MS, Sanchez M, Akhtar AJ, Boyer JL: Drug-induced cholestasis. Hepatology. 2011 Apr;53(4):1377-87. doi: 10.1002/hep.24229. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
- Specific Function
- Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells.
- Gene Name
- ABCB1
- Uniprot ID
- P08183
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance protein 1
- Molecular Weight
- 141477.255 Da
References
- Takano M, Hasegawa R, Fukuda T, Yumoto R, Nagai J, Murakami T: Interaction with P-glycoprotein and transport of erythromycin, midazolam and ketoconazole in Caco-2 cells. Eur J Pharmacol. 1998 Oct 9;358(3):289-94. [Article]
- Schwarz UI, Gramatte T, Krappweis J, Oertel R, Kirch W: P-glycoprotein inhibitor erythromycin increases oral bioavailability of talinolol in humans. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Apr;38(4):161-7. [Article]
- Terashi K, Oka M, Soda H, Fukuda M, Kawabata S, Nakatomi K, Shiozawa K, Nakamura T, Tsukamoto K, Noguchi Y, Suenaga M, Tei C, Kohno S: Interactions of ofloxacin and erythromycin with the multidrug resistance protein (MRP) in MRP-overexpressing human leukemia cells. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Jun;44(6):1697-700. [Article]
- Vadlapatla RK, Vadlapudi AD, Kwatra D, Pal D, Mitra AK: Differential effect of P-gp and MRP2 on cellular translocation of gemifloxacin. Int J Pharm. 2011 Nov 25;420(1):26-33. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.08.009. Epub 2011 Aug 16. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates the Na(+)-independent uptake of organic anions such as pravastatin, taurocholate, methotrexate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, estrone sulfate, prostagland...
- Gene Name
- SLCO1B1
- Uniprot ID
- Q9Y6L6
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1
- Molecular Weight
- 76447.99 Da
References
- Sun H, Huang Y, Frassetto L, Benet LZ: Effects of uremic toxins on hepatic uptake and metabolism of erythromycin. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Nov;32(11):1239-46. Epub 2004 Jul 30. [Article]
- Kalliokoski A, Niemi M: Impact of OATP transporters on pharmacokinetics. Br J Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;158(3):693-705. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00430.x. Epub 2009 Sep 25. [Article]
- Konig J: Uptake transporters of the human OATP family: molecular characteristics, substrates, their role in drug-drug interactions, and functional consequences of polymorphisms. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2011;(201):1-28. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-14541-4_1. [Article]
- Franke RM, Baker SD, Mathijssen RH, Schuetz EG, Sparreboom A: Influence of solute carriers on the pharmacokinetics of CYP3A4 probes. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Dec;84(6):704-9. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2008.94. Epub 2008 May 28. [Article]
- Lancaster CS, Bruun GH, Peer CJ, Mikkelsen TS, Corydon TJ, Gibson AA, Hu S, Orwick SJ, Mathijssen RH, Figg WD, Baker SD, Sparreboom A: OATP1B1 polymorphism as a determinant of erythromycin disposition. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Nov;92(5):642-50. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2012.106. Epub 2012 Sep 19. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates hepatobiliary excretion of numerous organic anions. May function as a cellular cisplatin transporter.
- Gene Name
- ABCC2
- Uniprot ID
- Q92887
- Uniprot Name
- Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1
- Molecular Weight
- 174205.64 Da
References
- Franke RM, Lancaster CS, Peer CJ, Gibson AA, Kosloske AM, Orwick SJ, Mathijssen RH, Figg WD, Baker SD, Sparreboom A: Effect of ABCC2 (MRP2) transport function on erythromycin metabolism. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2011 May;89(5):693-701. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2011.25. Epub 2011 Mar 30. [Article]
- Ogasawara K, Chitnis SD, Gohh RY, Christians U, Akhlaghi F: Multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2/ABCC2) haplotypes significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in kidney transplant recipients. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2013 Sep;52(9):751-62. doi: 10.1007/s40262-013-0069-2. [Article]
- Vadlapatla RK, Vadlapudi AD, Kwatra D, Pal D, Mitra AK: Differential effect of P-gp and MRP2 on cellular translocation of gemifloxacin. Int J Pharm. 2011 Nov 25;420(1):26-33. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.08.009. Epub 2011 Aug 16. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- SubstrateInhibitor
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as sulfobromophthalein (BSP) and conjugated (taurocholate) and unconjugated (cholate) bile acids (By similarity). Selectively inhibit...
- Gene Name
- SLCO1A2
- Uniprot ID
- P46721
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2
- Molecular Weight
- 74144.105 Da
References
- Franke RM, Baker SD, Mathijssen RH, Schuetz EG, Sparreboom A: Influence of solute carriers on the pharmacokinetics of CYP3A4 probes. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Dec;84(6):704-9. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2008.94. Epub 2008 May 28. [Article]
- Lan T, Rao A, Haywood J, Davis CB, Han C, Garver E, Dawson PA: Interaction of macrolide antibiotics with intestinally expressed human and rat organic anion-transporting polypeptides. Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Dec;37(12):2375-82. doi: 10.1124/dmd.109.028522. Epub 2009 Sep 9. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at February 20, 2024 23:54