Identification
- Summary
Chlorthalidone is a diuretic used to treat hypertension or edema caused by heart failure, renal failure, hepatic cirrhosis, estrogen therapy, and other conditions.
- Brand Names
- Edarbyclor, Tenoretic, Thalitone
- Generic Name
- Chlorthalidone
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB00310
- Background
Chlorthalidone is a thiazide-like diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and for management of edema caused by conditions such as heart failure or renal impairment. Chlorthalidone improves blood pressure and swelling by preventing water absorption from the kidneys through inhibition of the Na+/Cl− symporter in the distal convoluted tubule cells in the kidney. The exact mechanism of chlorthalidone's anti-hypertensive effect is under debate, however, it is thought that increased diuresis results in decreased plasma and extracellular fluid volume, decreased cardiac output and therefore overall reduction in blood pressure.5
Chlorthalidone is considered first-line therapy for management of uncomplicated hypertension as there is strong evidence from meta-analyses that thiazide diuretics such as chlorthalidone reduce the risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cardiovascular all-cause mortality in patients with hypertension.1 In particular, the ALLHAT trial confirmed the role of thiazide diuretics as first-line therapy and demonstrated that chlorthalidone had a statistically significant lower incidence of stroke and heart failure when compared to Lisinopril, Amlodipine, or Doxazosin.2,3 Further studies have indicated that low-dose thiazides are as good as, and in some secondary endpoints, better than β-blockers, ACE inhibitors, Calcium Channel Blockers or ARBs.
Chlorthalidone has been shown to have a number of pleiotropic effects that differentiate it from other diuretics such as Hydrochlorothiazide. In addition to its antihypertensive effects, chlorthalidone has also been shown to decrease platelet aggregation and vascular permeability, as well as promote angiogenesis in vitro, which is thought to be partly the result of reductions in carbonic anhydrase–dependent pathways. These pathways may play a role in chlorthalidone's cardiovascular risk reduction effects.7
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved
- Structure
Structure for Chlorthalidone (DB00310)
- Weight
- Average: 338.766
Monoisotopic: 338.012805247 - Chemical Formula
- C14H11ClN2O4S
- Synonyms
- 1-keto-3-(3'-sulfamyl-4'-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxyisoindoline
- 1-oxo-3-(3-sulfamyl-4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxyisoindoline
- 2-chloro-5-(1-hydroxy-3-oxo-1-isoindolinyl)benzenesulfonamide
- 2-chloro-5-(2,3-dihydro-1-hydroxy-3-oxo-1H-isoindol-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide
- 3-(4'-chloro-3'-sulfamoylphenyl)-3-hydroxyphthalimidine
- 3-hydroxy-3-(4-chloro-3-sulfamylphenyl)phthalimidine
- Chlorphthalidolone
- Chlortalidone
- Chlortalidonum
- Chlorthalidone
- Clortalidona
- Phthalamodine
- Phthalamudine
Pharmacology
- Indication
Chlorthalidone is indicated in the management of hypertension either as the sole therapeutic agent or to enhance the effect of other antihypertensive drugs in the more severe forms of hypertension.
Chlorthalidone is indicated as adjunctive therapy in edema associated with congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, and corticosteroid and estrogen therapy.
Chlorthalidone has also been found useful in edema due to various forms of renal dysfunction, such as nephrotic syndrome, acute glomerulonephritis, and chronic renal failure.
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Prevention of Calcium nephrolithiasis ••• ••••• •••••• Adjunct therapy in treatment of Edema •••••••••••• •••••• Adjunct therapy in treatment of Edema •••••••••••• •••••• Adjunct therapy in treatment of Edema •••••••••••• •••••• Used in combination to manage High blood pressure (hypertension) Combination Product in combination with: Azilsartan medoxomil (DB08822) •••••••••••• •••••••• •••••••••••••••• ••••• •••••• •••••••• •••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
Not Available
- Mechanism of action
Chlorthalidone prevents reabsorption of sodium and chloride through inhibition of the Na+/Cl- symporter in the cortical diluting segment of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle.4 Reduction of sodium reabsorption subsequently reduces extracellular fluid and plasma volume via an osmotic, sodium-driven diuresis. By increasing the delivery of sodium to the distal renal tubule, Chlorthalidone indirectly increases potassium excretion via the sodium-potassium exchange mechanism. The exact mechanism of chlorthalidone's anti-hypertensive effect is under debate, however, it is thought that increased diuresis results in decreased plasma and extracellular fluid volume which therefore requires decreased cardiac output and overall lowers blood pressure.5 Chlorthalidone has also been shown to decrease platelet aggregation and vascular permeability, as well as promote angiogenesis in vitro, which is thought to be partly the result of reductions in carbonic anhydrase–dependent pathways. These pathways may play a role in chlorthalidone's cardiovascular risk reduction effects.7
Target Actions Organism ACarbonic anhydrase 1 inhibitorHumans ASolute carrier family 12 member 1 inhibitorHumans - Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Chlorthalidone has been shown to rapidly concentrate within erythrocytes and subsequently equilibrate via a slow diffusion back into the serum compartment, resulting in a large volume of distribution.6
- Protein binding
Approximately 75 percent of the drug is bound to plasma proteins, 58 percent of the drug being bound to albumin.Label This is caused by an increased affinity of the drug to erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase.
- Metabolism
Liver
- Route of elimination
Approximately 50% of the administered dose is excreted unmetabolized through the kidney, and excretion is characterized by biphasic elimination with a rapid phase followed by a slow secretory phase.6
- Half-life
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
Pathway Category Chlorthalidone Action Pathway Drug action - Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs Browse all" title="About SNP Mediated Effects/ADRs" id="snp-actions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions Learn More" title="About Drug Interactions" id="structured-interactions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbacavir Chlorthalidone may increase the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Abaloparatide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorthalidone is combined with Abaloparatide. Acarbose The therapeutic efficacy of Acarbose can be decreased when used in combination with Chlorthalidone. Acebutolol Chlorthalidone may increase the hypotensive activities of Acebutolol. Aceclofenac The therapeutic efficacy of Chlorthalidone can be decreased when used in combination with Aceclofenac. - Food Interactions
- Take with food. Food may increase bioavailability.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Product Images
- International/Other Brands
- Hygroton (Novartis) / Saluretin (Balkanpharma)
- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Chlorthalidone 100mg Tablets Tablet 100 mg Oral Laboratoires Confab Inc Not applicable Not applicable Canada 
Chlorthalidone 50mg Tablets Tablet 50 mg Oral Laboratoires Confab Inc Not applicable Not applicable Canada Chlorthalidone Tab 100mg Tablet 100 mg Oral Pro Doc Limitee 1978-12-31 1999-08-12 Canada Chlorthalidone Tab 100mg Tablet 100 mg Oral Duchesnay Inc. 1978-12-31 2003-07-18 Canada Chlorthalidone Tab 50mg Tablet 50 mg Oral Duchesnay Inc. 1978-12-31 2003-07-18 Canada - Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Apo Chlorthalidone Tab 100mg Tablet 100 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 1976-12-31 2019-04-05 Canada Apo-chlorthalidone Tablet 50 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 1976-12-31 Not applicable Canada Chlorthalidone Tablet 25 mg/1 Oral REMEDYREPACK INC. 2017-09-19 2020-05-04 US 
Chlorthalidone Tablet 25 mg/1 Oral REMEDYREPACK INC. 2023-12-11 Not applicable US Chlorthalidone Tablet 25 mg/1 Oral A-S Medication Solutions 2021-05-20 Not applicable US - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Aa-atenidone Chlorthalidone (25 mg) + Atenolol (100 mg) Tablet Oral Aa Pharma Inc 2004-08-12 Not applicable Canada Aa-atenidone Chlorthalidone (25 mg) + Atenolol (50 mg) Tablet Oral Aa Pharma Inc 2004-08-12 Not applicable Canada Apo-Atenidone Tablets 100/25 mg Chlorthalidone (25 mg) + Atenolol (100 mg) Tablet Oral PHARMAFORTE (MALAYSIA) SDN. BHD. 2020-09-08 Not applicable Malaysia 
ATENIGRON Chlorthalidone (25 mg) + Atenolol (125 mg) Tablet Oral Aescul API Us Farmaceutici Srl 2014-07-08 2023-12-08 Italy 
ATENIGRON Chlorthalidone (25 mg) + Atenolol (125 mg) Tablet Oral Aescul API Us Farmaceutici Srl 2014-07-08 2023-12-08 Italy
Categories
- ATC Codes
- G01AE10 — Combinations of sulfonamides
- G01AE — Sulfonamides
- G01A — ANTIINFECTIVES AND ANTISEPTICS, EXCL. COMBINATIONS WITH CORTICOSTEROIDS
- G01 — GYNECOLOGICAL ANTIINFECTIVES AND ANTISEPTICS
- G — GENITO URINARY SYSTEM AND SEX HORMONES
- C03EA — Low-ceiling diuretics and potassium-sparing agents
- C03E — DIURETICS AND POTASSIUM-SPARING AGENTS IN COMBINATION
- C03 — DIURETICS
- C — CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- C03BB — Sulfonamides and potassium in combination
- C03B — LOW-CEILING DIURETICS, EXCL. THIAZIDES
- C03 — DIURETICS
- C — CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- Drug Categories
- Amides
- Antihypertensive Agents
- Antihypertensive Agents Indicated for Hypertension
- Benzene Derivatives
- Benzenesulfonamides
- Benzophenones
- Cardiovascular Agents
- Diuretics
- Drugs causing inadvertant photosensitivity
- Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring
- Hyperglycemia-Associated Agents
- Hypotensive Agents
- Imides
- Increased Diuresis
- Isoindoles
- Ketones
- Low-Ceiling Diuretics and Potassium-Sparing Agents
- Low-Ceiling Diuretics, Excl. Thiazides
- Membrane Transport Modulators
- Natriuretic Agents
- Non Potassium Sparing Diuretics
- Photosensitizing Agents
- Phthalimides
- Sodium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors
- Sulfonamides
- Sulfones
- Sulfur Compounds
- Thiazide-like Diuretic
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as isoindolones. These are aromatic polycyclic compounds that an isoindole bearing a ketone.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organoheterocyclic compounds
- Class
- Isoindoles and derivatives
- Sub Class
- Isoindolines
- Direct Parent
- Isoindolones
- Alternative Parents
- Benzenesulfonamides / Benzenesulfonyl compounds / Isoindoles / Chlorobenzenes / Aryl chlorides / Organosulfonamides / Aminosulfonyl compounds / Lactams / Secondary carboxylic acid amides / Alkanolamines show 6 more
- Substituents
- Alkanolamine / Aminosulfonyl compound / Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound / Aryl chloride / Aryl halide / Azacycle / Benzenesulfonamide / Benzenesulfonyl group / Benzenoid / Carboxamide group show 22 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- sulfonamide, monochlorobenzenes, isoindoles (CHEBI:3654)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- Q0MQD1073Q
- CAS number
- 77-36-1
- InChI Key
- JIVPVXMEBJLZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C14H11ClN2O4S/c15-11-6-5-8(7-12(11)22(16,20)21)14(19)10-4-2-1-3-9(10)13(18)17-14/h1-7,19H,(H,17,18)(H2,16,20,21)
- IUPAC Name
- 2-chloro-5-(1-hydroxy-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindol-1-yl)benzene-1-sulfonamide
- SMILES
- NS(=O)(=O)C1=C(Cl)C=CC(=C1)C1(O)NC(=O)C2=CC=CC=C12
References
- Synthesis Reference
Graf, W., Schmid, E. and Stoll, W.G.; US Patent 3,055,904; September 25,1962; assigned to Geigy Chemical Corporation.
- General References
- Wright JM, Lee CH, Chambers GK: Systematic review of antihypertensive therapies: does the evidence assist in choosing a first-line drug? CMAJ. 1999 Jul 13;161(1):25-32. [Article]
- Siragy HM: Major outcomes in high-risk hypertensive patients randomized to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or calcium channel blocker vs diuretic. The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT). Curr Hypertens Rep. 2003 Aug;5(4):293-4. [Article]
- Authors unspecified: Major cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients randomized to doxazosin vs chlorthalidone: the antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT). ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group. JAMA. 2000 Apr 19;283(15):1967-75. [Article]
- Gamba G: The thiazide-sensitive Na+-Cl- cotransporter: molecular biology, functional properties, and regulation by WNKs. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2009 Oct;297(4):F838-48. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00159.2009. Epub 2009 May 27. [Article]
- Shahin MH, Johnson JA: Mechanisms and pharmacogenetic signals underlying thiazide diuretics blood pressure response. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2016 Apr;27:31-7. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2016.01.005. Epub 2016 Feb 10. [Article]
- Kountz DS, Goldman A, Mikhail J, Ezer M: Chlorthalidone: the forgotten diuretic. Postgrad Med. 2012 Jan;124(1):60-6. doi: 10.3810/pgm.2012.01.2518. [Article]
- Woodman R, Brown C, Lockette W: Chlorthalidone decreases platelet aggregation and vascular permeability and promotes angiogenesis. Hypertension. 2010 Sep;56(3):463-70. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.154476. Epub 2010 Jul 12. [Article]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Thalitone (chlorthalidone) oral tablets [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: EDARBYCLOR (azilsartan medoxomil and chlorthalidone) tablets, for oral use [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Tenoretic (atenolol and chlorthalidone) oral tablets [Link]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0014455
- KEGG Drug
- D00272
- PubChem Compound
- 2732
- PubChem Substance
- 46505541
- ChemSpider
- 2631
- BindingDB
- 25900
- 2409
- ChEBI
- 3654
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL1055
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DAP000521
- PharmGKB
- PA448970
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Chlortalidone
- FDA label
- Download (631 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Completed Treatment Aortic Stenosis / Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Hypertension / Left Ventricular Hypertrophy / LVM 1 4 Completed Treatment Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) / Poorly-Controlled Hypertension 1 4 Completed Treatment Hypertension 2 4 Not Yet Recruiting Treatment Hypertension, Essential Hypertension 1 4 Recruiting Basic Science Hypertension / Left Ventricular Hypertrophy 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Abbott laboratories pharmaceutical products div
- Ascot hosp pharmaceuticals inc div travenol laboratories inc
- Clonmel healthcare ltd
- Ivax pharmaceuticals inc
- Kv pharmaceutical co
- Mutual pharmaceutical co inc
- Mylan pharmaceuticals inc
- Pioneer pharmaceuticals inc
- Pliva inc
- Purepac pharmaceutical co
- Sandoz inc
- Superpharm corp
- Teva pharmaceuticals usa inc
- Usl pharma inc
- Vangard laboratories inc div midway medical co
- Warner chilcott div warner lambert co
- Watson laboratories inc
- Sanofi aventis us llc
- Monarch pharmaceuticals inc
- Packagers
- Advanced Pharmaceutical Services Inc.
- Amerisource Health Services Corp.
- Apothecon
- A-S Medication Solutions LLC
- AstraZeneca Inc.
- Bryant Ranch Prepack
- Comprehensive Consultant Services Inc.
- Dispensing Solutions
- Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
- H and H Laboratories
- Hl Moore Drug Exchange
- IPR Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Ivax Pharmaceuticals
- Kaiser Foundation Hospital
- King Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply
- Major Pharmaceuticals
- Medvantx Inc.
- Merckle GmbH
- Monarch Pharmacy
- Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
- Mutual Pharmaceutical Co.
- Mylan
- Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Palmetto Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Pharmaceutical Utilization Management Program VA Inc.
- Physicians Total Care Inc.
- Pliva Inc.
- Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Prepak Systems Inc.
- Qualitest
- Rebel Distributors Corp.
- Remedy Repack
- Sandhills Packaging Inc.
- Southwood Pharmaceuticals
- Stat Scripts LLC
- UDL Laboratories
- Watson Pharmaceuticals
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Tablet Oral 50 mg Tablet, film coated Oral Tablet Oral Tablet, coated Oral Tablet, coated Oral 25 mg Tablet, coated Oral 50 mg Tablet, coated Oral 12.5 mg Tablet, coated Oral 1250000 mg Tablet Oral 25 mg/1 Tablet Oral 25 1/1 Tablet Oral 50 1/1 Tablet Oral 50 mg/1 Tablet Oral 50.00 mg Tablet, film coated Tablet Oral 50.000 mg Tablet Oral 1250000 mg Tablet Oral 2500000 mg Tablet Oral 12.5 mg Tablet Oral 50 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 100 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 50 mg Tablet Oral 15 mg/1 Tablet Oral 100 mg Tablet Oral Tablet Oral 25 mg - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Tenoretic 100 100-25 mg tablet 2.91USD tablet Tenoretic 100 tablet 2.91USD tablet Tenoretic 50 50-25 mg tablet 2.18USD tablet Tenoretic 50 tablet 2.07USD tablet Thalitone 15 mg tablet 1.55USD tablet Chlorthalidone 100 mg tablet 1.07USD tablet Chlorthalidone 50 mg tablet 0.46USD tablet Chlorthalidone 25 mg tablet 0.28USD tablet Apo-Chlorthalidone 50 mg Tablet 0.13USD tablet DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
Patent Number Pediatric Extension Approved Expires (estimated) Region US9169238 No 2015-10-27 2030-02-25 US US7572920 No 2009-08-11 2025-01-07 US US9066936 No 2015-06-30 2028-03-26 US US7157584 No 2007-01-02 2025-05-22 US US9387249 No 2016-07-12 2031-07-01 US
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 239 °C PhysProp water solubility 120 mg/L (at 20 °C) MERCK INDEX (1996) logP 0.85 BERTHOD,A ET AL. (1999) - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.0528 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 1.27 ALOGPS logP 1.6 Chemaxon logS -3.8 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 8.76 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) -2.6 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 4 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 3 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 109.49 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 2 Chemaxon Refractivity 81.3 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 31.29 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 3 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter Yes Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 1.0 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.5447 Caco-2 permeable - 0.6272 P-glycoprotein substrate Non-substrate 0.767 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.9603 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.9573 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.891 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.6403 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.822 CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.6369 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.9046 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9071 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9231 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9025 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9299 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.8193 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.7277 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.5752 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 1.0 Rat acute toxicity 1.8623 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9968 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.8914
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 180.1103091 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 165.52377 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 180.3025091 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 167.88177 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 180.0288091 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 174.50325 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function
- Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrates cyanamide to urea.
- Gene Name
- CA1
- Uniprot ID
- P00915
- Uniprot Name
- Carbonic anhydrase 1
- Molecular Weight
- 28870.0 Da
References
- Woodman R, Brown C, Lockette W: Chlorthalidone decreases platelet aggregation and vascular permeability and promotes angiogenesis. Hypertension. 2010 Sep;56(3):463-70. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.154476. Epub 2010 Jul 12. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Sodium:potassium:chloride symporter activity
- Specific Function
- Electrically silent transporter system. Mediates sodium and chloride reabsorption. Plays a vital role in the regulation of ionic balance and cell volume.
- Gene Name
- SLC12A1
- Uniprot ID
- Q13621
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 12 member 1
- Molecular Weight
- 121449.13 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
- Gamba G: The thiazide-sensitive Na+-Cl- cotransporter: molecular biology, functional properties, and regulation by WNKs. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2009 Oct;297(4):F838-48. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00159.2009. Epub 2009 May 27. [Article]
Carriers
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- General Function
- Toxic substance binding
- Specific Function
- Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloid...
- Gene Name
- ALB
- Uniprot ID
- P02768
- Uniprot Name
- Serum albumin
- Molecular Weight
- 69365.94 Da
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at February 20, 2024 23:55