Prednisone

Identification

Summary

Prednisone is a corticosteroid used to treat inflammation or immune-mediated reactions and to treat endocrine or neoplastic diseases.

Brand Names

Deltasone, Rayos, Winpred

Generic Name

Prednisone

DrugBank Accession Number

DB00635

Background

A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from cortisone.¹ It is biologically inert and converted to prednisolone in the liver.⁹

Prednisone was granted FDA approval on 21 February 1955.⁸

Type

Small Molecule

Groups

Approved, Vet approved

Structure

3D

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MOLSDF3D-SDFPDBSMILESInChI

Similar Structures

Structure for Prednisone (DB00635)

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Weight

Average: 358.4281
Monoisotopic: 358.178023942

Chemical Formula

C₂₁H₂₆O₅

Synonyms

• 1,2-Dehydrocortisone
• 1,4-Pregnadiene-17α,21-diol-3,11,20-trione
• 17,21-Dihydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,11,20-trione
• Dehydrocortisone
• Prednisona
• Prednisone
• Prednisonum

External IDs

• NSC-10023

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Pharmacology

Indication

Prednisone is indicated as an anti-inflammatory or immunosuppressive drug for allergic, dermatologic, gastrointestinal, hematologic, ophthalmologic, nervous system, renal, respiratory, rheumatologic, infectious, endocrine, or neoplastic conditions as well as in organ transplant.⁹

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Associated Conditions

Indication Type	Indication	Combined Product Details	Approval Level	Age Group	Patient Characteristics	Dose Form
Treatment of	Acne vulgaris		••• •••••
Treatment of	Acquired hemolytic anemia		••••••••••••			••••••••• ••••••••• •••••••••••• ••••••• ••••••• ••••••• •••••••
Treatment of	Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease		••••••••••••			••••••• ••••••• •••••••
Management of	Acute gouty arthritis		••••••••••••			••••••••• ••••••••• •••••••••••• ••••••• ••••••• ••••••• •••••••
Treatment of	Acute leukemia		••••••••••••	••••••••		••••••••• ••••••••• •••••••••••• ••••••

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Associated Therapies

• Palliative Treatment

Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings

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Pharmacodynamics

Corticosteroids bind to the glucocorticoid receptor, inhibiting pro-inflammatory signals, and promoting anti-inflammatory signals.¹ Prednisone has a short duration of action as the half life is 2-3 hours.⁹ Corticosteroids have a wide therapeutic window as patients make require doses that are multiples of what the body naturally produces.¹ Patients taking corticosteroids should be counselled regarding the risk of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression and increased susceptibility to infections.¹

Mechanism of action

Prednisone is first metabolized in the liver to its active form, prednisolone, a glucocorticoid agonist corticosteroid.⁹

The short term effects of corticosteroids are decreased vasodilation and permeability of capillaries, as well as decreased leukocyte migration to sites of inflammation.¹ Corticosteroids binding to the glucocorticoid receptor mediates changes in gene expression that lead to multiple downstream effects over hours to days.¹

Glucocorticoids inhibit neutrophil apoptosis and demargination; they inhibit phospholipase A2, which decreases the formation of arachidonic acid derivatives; they inhibit NF-Kappa B and other inflammatory transcription factors; they promote anti-inflammatory genes like interleukin-10.¹

Lower doses of corticosteroids provide an anti-inflammatory effect, while higher doses are immunosuppressive.¹ High doses of glucocorticoids for an extended period bind to the mineralocorticoid receptor, raising sodium levels and decreasing potassium levels.¹

Target	Actions	Organism
AGlucocorticoid receptor	agonist	Humans

Absorption

Oral prednisone has a T_max of 2 hours, while the delayed-release formulation has a T_max of 6-6.5 hours.⁹ A 5mg dose of prednisone has an AUC of 572mL/min/1.73m², a 20mg dose of prednisone has an AUC of 1034mL/min/1.73m², and a 50mg dose of prednisone has an AUC of 2271mL/min/1.73m².⁵ Data regarding the C_max of prednisone is not readily available.⁹

Volume of distribution

Data regarding the volume of distribution for prednisone is not readily available.⁹ However, a 0.15mg/kg dose of prednisolone has a volume of distribution of 29.3L, while a 0.30mg/kg dose has a volume of distribution of 44.2L.⁶

Protein binding

Corticosteroids are generally bound to corticosteroid binding globulin⁷ and serum albumin² in plasma. Prednisone is <50% bound to protein in plasma.³

Metabolism

Prednisone is metabolized to 17α,21-dihydroxy-pregnan-1,4,6-trien-3,11,30-trione (M-XVII), 20α-dihydro-prednisone (M-V), 6βhydroxy-prednisone (M-XII), 6α-hydroxy-prednisone (M-XIII), or 20β-dihydro-prednisone (M-IV).⁴ 20β-dihydro-prednisone is metabolized to 17α,20ξ,21-trihydroxy-5ξ-pregn-1-en-3,11-dione(M-XVIII).⁴ Prednison is reversibly metabolized to prednisolone.⁴ Prednisolone is metabolized to Δ6-prednisolone (M-XI), 20α-dihydro-prednisolone (M-III), 20β-dihydro-prednisolone (M-II), 6αhydroxy-prednisolone (M-VII), or 6βhydroxy-prednisolone(M-VI).⁴ 6αhydroxy-prednisolone is metabolized to 6α,11β,17α,20β,21-pentahydroxypregnan-1,4-diene-3-one (M-X).⁴ 6βhydroxy-prednisolone is metabolized to 6β,11β,17α,20β,21-pentahydroxypregnan-1,4-diene-3-one (M-VIII), 6β,11β,17α,20α,21-pentahydroxypregnan-1,4-diene-3-one (M-IX), and 6β,11β,17α,21-tetrahydroxy-5ξ-pregn-1-en-3,20-dione (M-XIV).⁴ MVIII is metabolized to 6β,11β,17α,20β,21-pentahydroxy-5ξ-pregn-1-en-3-one (M-XV) and then to MXIV, while MIX is metabolized to 6β,11β,17α,20α,21-pentahydroxy-5ξ-pregn-1-en-3-one (M-XVI) and then to MXIV.⁴ These metabolites and their glucuronide conjugates are excreted predominantly in the urine.⁴

Hover over products below to view reaction partners

• Prednisone
  • Prednisolone
    • 6βhydroxy-prednisolone(M-VI)
      • 6β,11β,17α,20α,21-pentahydroxypregnan-1,4-diene-3-one (M-IX)
        • 6β,11β,17α,20α,21-pentahydroxy-5ξ-pregn-1-en-3-one (M-XVI)
          • 6β,11β,17α,21-tetrahydroxy-5ξ-pregn-1-en-3,20-dione (M-XIV)
      • 6β,11β,17α,21-tetrahydroxy-5ξ-pregn-1-en-3,20-dione (M-XIV)
      • 6β,11β,17α,20β,21-pentahydroxypregnan-1,4-diene-3-one (M-VIII)
        • 6β,11β,17α,20β,21-pentahydroxy-5ξ-pregn-1-en-3-one (M-XV)
          • 6β,11β,17α,21-tetrahydroxy-5ξ-pregn-1-en-3,20-dione (M-XIV)
    • 6αhydroxy-prednisolone (M-VII)
      • 6α,11β,17α,20β,21-pentahydroxypregnan-1,4-diene-3-one (M-X)
    • 20β-dihydro-prednisolone (M-II)
    • 20α-dihydro-prednisolone (M-III)
    • Δ6-prednisolone (M-XI)
  • 17α,21-dihydroxy-pregnan-1,4,6-trien-3,11,30-trione (M-XVII)
  • 20α-dihydro-prednisone (M-V)
  • 20β-dihydro-prednisone (M-IV)
    • 17α,20ξ,21-trihydroxy-5ξ-pregn-1-en-3,11-dione(M-XVIII)
  • 6α-hydroxy-prednisone (M-XIII)
  • 6βhydroxy-prednisone (M-XII)

Route of elimination

Prednisone is excreted mainly in the urine as sulfate and glucuronide conjugates.⁹

Half-life

Prednisone and its active metabolite prednisolone have half lives of 2-3 hours from both immediate and delayed release preparations.⁹

Clearance

Data regarding the clearance of prednisone is not readily available.⁹

A 5.5µg/h/kg infusion of prednisolone has an average clearance of 0.066±0.12L/h/kg, while a 0.15±0.03L/h/kg infusion has an average clearance of 0.15L/h/kg.³

Adverse Effects

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Toxicity

Data regarding acute overdoses of prednisone are rare but prolonged high doses of prednisone can lead to a higher incidence and severity of adverse effects such as mental symptoms, moon face, abnormal fat deposits, fluid retention, excessive appetite, weight gain, hypertrichosis, acne, striae, ecchymosis, increased sweating, pigmentation, dry scaly skin, thinning scalp hair, increased blood pressure, tachycardia, thrombophlebitis, decreased resistance to infection, negative nitrogen balance with delayed bone and wound healing, headache, weakness, menstrual disorders, accentuated menopausal symptoms, neuropathy, fractures, osteoporosis, peptic ulcer, decreased glucose tolerance, hypokalemia, and adrenal insufficiency.⁹

Pathways

Pathway	Category
Prednisone Action Pathway	Drug action
Prednisone Metabolism Pathway	Drug metabolism

Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs Browse all" title="About SNP Mediated Effects/ADRs" id="snp-actions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">

Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions Learn More" title="About Drug Interactions" id="structured-interactions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">

This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.

• Approved
• Vet approved
• Nutraceutical
• Illicit
• Withdrawn
• Investigational
• Experimental
• All Drugs

Drug	Interaction
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Abacavir	Prednisone may decrease the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a higher serum level.
Abametapir	The serum concentration of Prednisone can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir.
Abatacept	The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Prednisone is combined with Abatacept.
Acarbose	The risk or severity of hyperglycemia can be increased when Prednisone is combined with Acarbose.
Aceclofenac	The risk or severity of gastrointestinal irritation can be increased when Prednisone is combined with Aceclofenac.

Food Interactions

• Avoid alcohol.
• Take with food. Food reduces irritation.

Products

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Active Moieties

Name	Kind	UNII	CAS	InChI Key
Prednisolone	prodrug	9PHQ9Y1OLM	50-24-8	OIGNJSKKLXVSLS-VWUMJDOOSA-N

Product Images

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International/Other Brands

Delta-Cortef (Upjohn) / Meticorten / Orasone

Brand Name Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Deltasone	Tablet	50 mg/1	Oral	Pharmacia and Upjohn and Company	2007-03-30	Not applicable
Deltasone	Tablet	5 mg/1	Oral	Pharmacia and Upjohn and Company	2007-03-30	Not applicable
Deltasone	Tablet	20 mg/1	Oral	Pharmacia and Upjohn and Company	2007-03-30	Not applicable
Deltasone	Tablet	2.5 mg/1	Oral	Pharmacia and Upjohn and Company	2007-03-30	Not applicable
Deltasone	Tablet	5 mg/1	Oral	Physicians Total Care, Inc.	1992-12-01	2011-05-31

Generic Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Alti-prednisone Tab 5mg	Tablet	5 mg / tab	Oral	Altimed Pharma Inc.	1984-12-31	1998-08-10
Apo Prednisone Tab 1mg USP	Tablet	1 mg	Oral	Apotex Corporation	1984-12-31	Not applicable
Apo Prednisone Tab 50mg	Tablet	50 mg	Oral	Apotex Corporation	1982-12-31	Not applicable
Apo Prednisone Tab 5mg	Tablet	5 mg	Oral	Apotex Corporation	1982-12-31	Not applicable
Deltasone	Tablet	20 mg/20mg	Oral	Oculus Innovative Scicences	2009-08-03	Not applicable

Mixture Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Metreton Tab	Prednisone (2.5 mg) + Ascorbic acid (75 mg) + Chlorpheniramine maleate (2 mg)	Tablet	Oral	Schering Plough	1956-12-31	2007-08-03
Prednisone	Prednisone (5 mg/5mL) + Ethanol (5 mL/100mL)	Solution	Oral	Roxane Laboratories	2006-06-27	2006-09-01

Unapproved/Other Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Contrast Allergy PreMed Pack	Prednisone (50 mg/50mg) + Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (50 mg/50mg)	Kit	Oral	Shertech Laboratories, Llc	2016-09-13	Not applicable

Categories

ATC Codes

A07EA03 — Prednisone

• A07EA — Corticosteroids acting locally
• A07E — INTESTINAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENTS
• A07 — ANTIDIARRHEALS, INTESTINAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY/ANTIINFECTIVE AGENTS
• A — ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM

H02AB07 — Prednisone

• H02AB — Glucocorticoids
• H02A — CORTICOSTEROIDS FOR SYSTEMIC USE, PLAIN
• H02 — CORTICOSTEROIDS FOR SYSTEMIC USE
• H — SYSTEMIC HORMONAL PREPARATIONS, EXCL. SEX HORMONES AND INSULINS

Drug Categories

• Adrenal Cortex Hormones
• Adrenals
• Alimentary Tract and Metabolism
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents
• Antidiarrheals, Intestinal Antiinflammatory/antiinfective Agents
• Antineoplastic Agents
• Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal
• Corticosteroid Hormone Receptor Agonists
• Corticosteroids
• Corticosteroids Acting Locally
• Corticosteroids for Systemic Use
• Corticosteroids for Systemic Use, Plain
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6 Inducers
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6 Inducers
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6 Inducers (strength unknown)
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inducers
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inducers (strength unknown)
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Inducers
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Inducers (strength unknown)
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inducers
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Inducers (strength unknown)
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inducers
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inducers
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Inducers (strength unknown)
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Inducers
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A5 Inducers (strength unknown)
• Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inducers
• Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
• Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted
• Fused-Ring Compounds
• Glucocorticoids
• Hormones
• Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists
• Hyperglycemia-Associated Agents
• Immunosuppressive Agents
• Intestinal Antiinflammatory Agents
• P-glycoprotein inducers
• P-glycoprotein inhibitors
• P-glycoprotein substrates
• Prednisolone and Prodrugs
• Pregnadienediols
• Pregnadienes
• Pregnanes
• Steroids
• Systemic Hormonal Preparations, Excl. Sex Hormones and Insulins
• Thyroxine-binding globulin inhibitors

Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire

Description

This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as 21-hydroxysteroids. These are steroids carrying a hydroxyl group at the 21-position of the steroid backbone.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Lipids and lipid-like molecules

Class

Steroids and steroid derivatives

Sub Class

Hydroxysteroids

Direct Parent

21-hydroxysteroids

Alternative Parents

Gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins and derivatives / 20-oxosteroids / 3-oxo delta-1,4-steroids / 17-hydroxysteroids / 11-oxosteroids / Delta-1,4-steroids / Tertiary alcohols / Alpha-hydroxy ketones / Cyclic ketones / Cyclic alcohols and derivatives / Primary alcohols / Organic oxides / Hydrocarbon derivatives

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Substituents

11-oxosteroid / 17-hydroxysteroid / 20-oxosteroid / 21-hydroxysteroid / 3-oxo-delta-1,4-steroid / 3-oxosteroid / Alcohol / Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound / Alpha-hydroxy ketone / Carbonyl group / Cyclic alcohol / Cyclic ketone / Delta-1,4-steroid / Hydrocarbon derivative / Ketone / Organic oxide / Organic oxygen compound / Organooxygen compound / Oxosteroid / Pregnane-skeleton / Primary alcohol / Progestogin-skeleton / Tertiary alcohol

show 13 more

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds

External Descriptors

17alpha-hydroxy steroid, glucocorticoid, 20-oxo steroid, 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid, 11-oxo steroid, 21-hydroxy steroid (CHEBI:8382) / Pregnane and derivatives [Fig] (C07370) / C21 steroids (gluco/mineralocorticoids, progestogins) and derivatives (LMST02030180)

Affected organisms

• Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII

VB0R961HZT

CAS number

53-03-2

InChI Key

XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N

InChI

InChI=1S/C21H26O5/c1-19-7-5-13(23)9-12(19)3-4-14-15-6-8-21(26,17(25)11-22)20(15,2)10-16(24)18(14)19/h5,7,9,14-15,18,22,26H,3-4,6,8,10-11H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,18+,19-,20-,21-/m0/s1

IUPAC Name

(1R,3aS,3bS,9aR,9bS,11aS)-1-hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-9a,11a-dimethyl-1H,2H,3H,3aH,3bH,4H,5H,7H,9aH,9bH,10H,11H,11aH-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-7,10-dione

SMILES

[H][C@@]12CC[C@](O)(C(=O)CO)[C@@]1(C)CC(=O)[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CCC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]12C

References

Synthesis Reference

Jean Buendia, Michel Vivat, "Process for the production of prednisone 17.21-diacylates." U.S. Patent US4601854, issued May, 1982.

US4601854

General References

1. Yasir M, Sonthalia S: Corticosteroid Adverse Effects . [Article]
2. Czock D, Keller F, Rasche FM, Haussler U: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of systemically administered glucocorticoids. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(1):61-98. doi: 10.2165/00003088-200544010-00003. [Article]
3. Frey BM, Frey FJ: Clinical pharmacokinetics of prednisone and prednisolone. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1990 Aug;19(2):126-46. doi: 10.2165/00003088-199019020-00003. [Article]
4. Matabosch X, Pozo OJ, Perez-Mana C, Papaseit E, Segura J, Ventura R: Detection and characterization of prednisolone metabolites in human urine by LC-MS/MS. J Mass Spectrom. 2015 Mar;50(3):633-42. doi: 10.1002/jms.3571. [Article]
5. Rose JQ, Yurchak AM, Jusko WJ: Dose dependent pharmacokinetics of prednisone and prednisolone in man. J Pharmacokinet Biopharm. 1981 Aug;9(4):389-417. doi: 10.1007/bf01060885. [Article]
6. Pickup ME: Clinical pharmacokinetics of prednisone and prednisolone. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1979 Mar-Apr;4(2):111-28. doi: 10.2165/00003088-197904020-00004. [Article]
7. Gardill BR, Vogl MR, Lin HY, Hammond GL, Muller YA: Corticosteroid-binding globulin: structure-function implications from species differences. PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e52759. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052759. Epub 2012 Dec 26. [Article]
8. FDA Approved Drug Products: Meticorten Prednisone Oral Tablets (Discontinued) [Link]
9. FDA Approved Drug Products: Rayos Prednisone Delayed-Release Oral Tablets [Link]
10. EMA Approved Drug Products: Lynparza (olaparib) Oral Tablets (March 2023) [Link]

External Links

Human Metabolome Database

HMDB0014773

KEGG Drug

D00473

KEGG Compound

C07370

PubChem Compound

5865

PubChem Substance

46508166

ChemSpider

5656

RxNav

8640

ChEBI

8382

ChEMBL

CHEMBL635

ZINC

ZINC000003875357

Therapeutic Targets Database

DAP001041

PharmGKB

PA451100

PDBe Ligand

PDN

RxList

RxList Drug Page

Drugs.com

Drugs.com Drug Page

Wikipedia

Prednisone

MSDS

Download (132 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">

Phase	Status	Purpose	Conditions	Count
4	Active Not Recruiting	Basic Science	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)	1
4	Active Not Recruiting	Treatment	Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL)	1
4	Active Not Recruiting	Treatment	Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC)	1
4	Active Not Recruiting	Treatment	Vasectomy Reversal	1
4	Completed	Not Available	Inflammatory Bowel Disease 11	1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

• Schering corp sub schering plough corp
• Roxane laboratories inc
• Wockhardt eu operations (swiss) ag
• Muro pharmaceutical inc
• Halsey drug co inc
• Bayer pharmaceuticals corp
• Pharmacia and upjohn co
• Ferndale laboratories inc
• Solvay pharmaceuticals
• Parke davis div warner lambert co
• Schwarz pharma inc
• American therapeutics inc
• Amneal pharmaceuticals ny llc
• Cm bundy co
• Cadista pharmaceuticals inc
• Contract pharmacal corp
• Duramed pharmaceuticals inc sub barr laboratories inc
• Elkins sinn div ah robins co inc
• Everylife
• John j ferrante
• Heather drug co inc
• Impax laboratories inc
• Inwood laboratories inc sub forest laboratories inc
• Ivax pharmaceuticals inc sub teva pharmaceuticals usa
• Kv pharmaceutical co
• Lannett co inc
• Lederle laboratories div american cyanamid co
• Marshall pharmacal corp
• Mutual pharmaceutical co inc
• Nylos trading co inc
• Panray corp sub ormont drug and chemical co inc
• L perrigo co
• Pharmavite pharmaceuticals
• Phoenix laboratories inc
• Purepac pharmaceutical co
• Private formulations inc
• Rexall drug co
• Sandoz inc
• Scherer laboratories inc
• Sperti drug products inc
• Superpharm corp
• Teva pharmaceuticals usa inc
• Udl laboratories inc
• Upsher smith laboratories inc
• Valeant pharmaceuticals international
• Vangard laboratories inc div midway medical co
• Vintage pharmaceuticals inc
• Vitarine pharmaceuticals inc
• Watson laboratories inc
• West ward pharmaceutical corp
• Whiteworth towne paulsen inc

Packagers

• Advanced Pharmaceutical Services Inc.
• Amend
• Amerisource Health Services Corp.
• Apotheca Inc.
• Apothecary Shop Wholesale
• AQ Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• A-S Medication Solutions LLC
• Breckenridge Pharmaceuticals
• Bryant Ranch Prepack
• C.O. Truxton Inc.
• Cadista Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Cardinal Health
• Carlisle Laboratories Inc.
• Comprehensive Consultant Services Inc.
• Corepharma LLC
• Darby Dental Supply Co. Inc.
• Dept Health Central Pharmacy
• Direct Dispensing Inc.
• Dispensing Solutions
• Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
• H.J. Harkins Co. Inc.
• Heartland Repack Services LLC
• Innoviant Pharmacy Inc.
• Kaiser Foundation Hospital
• Keltman Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply
• Liberty Pharmaceuticals
• Major Pharmaceuticals
• Mckesson Corp.
• Merz Pharmaceuticals LLC
• Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
• Mutual Pharmaceutical Co.
• Neuman Distributors Inc.
• Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Palmetto Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• PCA LLC
• PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Perrigo Co.
• Pharmacia Inc.
• Pharmedix
• Physicians Total Care Inc.
• Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Prepackage Specialists
• Prepak Systems Inc.
• Prescription Dispensing Service Inc.
• Qualitest
• Rebel Distributors Corp.
• Redpharm Drug
• Remedy Repack
• Resource Optimization and Innovation LLC
• Roxane Labs
• Sandhills Packaging Inc.
• Southwood Pharmaceuticals
• St Mary's Medical Park Pharmacy
• Stat Rx Usa
• Stat Scripts LLC
• Tya Pharmaceuticals
• UDL Laboratories
• Vangard Labs Inc.
• Vedco Inc.
• Veratex Corp.
• Vintage Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Wa Butler Co.
• Watson Pharmaceuticals
• West-Ward Pharmaceuticals

Dosage Forms

Form	Route	Strength
Tablet	Oral	5 mg
Tablet	Oral	5.000 mg
Kit	Oral
Tablet	Oral	20 MG
Tablet	Oral	2.5 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	20 mg/20mg
Tablet	Oral	5 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	50 mg / tab
Tablet	Oral	5 mg / tab
Tablet	Oral	50.0000 mg
Tablet	Oral	1.0 mg
Tablet	Oral	2 MG
Tablet, delayed release	Oral	1 mg
Tablet, delayed release	Oral	2 mg
Tablet, delayed release	Oral	5 mg
Tablet, delayed release	Oral	1.00 mg/tablet
Tablet, delayed release	Oral	2.00 mg/tablet
Tablet, delayed release	Oral	5.00 mg/tablet
Tablet	Oral	5.00 mg
Tablet	Oral	50.000 mg
Tablet	Oral
Tablet	Oral	10 MG
Tablet	Oral	50 mg
Solution	Oral
Solution	Oral	5 mg/1mL
Solution	Oral	5 mg/5mL
Tablet	Oral
Tablet	Oral	1 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	1.0 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	10 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	20 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	20 mg/201
Tablet	Oral	5.0 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	50 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	25 MG
Solution, concentrate	Oral	5 mg/1mL
Tablet	Oral	2.5 MG
Tablet	Oral	30 MG
Tablet, delayed release	Oral	1 mg/1
Tablet, delayed release	Oral	2 mg/1
Tablet, delayed release	Oral	5 mg/1
Suppository
Tablet	Oral	1 mg

Prices

Unit description	Cost	Unit
Sterapred DS 21 10 mg tablet Disp Pack	64.0USD	disp
Prednisone powder	3.36USD	g
Sterapred ds 10 mg tablet unipak	2.93USD	tablet
Prednisone 5 mg/ml solution	1.17USD	ml
PredniSONE 5 mg/5ml Solution	0.5USD	ml
Prednisone 50 mg tablet	0.47USD	tablet
Prednisone 20 mg tablet	0.29USD	tablet
Prednisone 10 mg tablet	0.27USD	tablet
Prednisone 2.5 mg tablet	0.25USD	tablet
Prednisone 1 mg tablet	0.23USD	tablet
Apo-Prednisone 50 mg Tablet	0.18USD	tablet
Winpred 1 mg Tablet	0.12USD	tablet
Apo-Prednisone 1 mg Tablet	0.11USD	tablet
Prednisone 5 mg tablet	0.08USD	tablet
Apo-Prednisone 5 mg Tablet	0.04USD	tablet

DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.

Patents

Patent Number	Pediatric Extension	Approved	Expires (estimated)	Region
US9186332	No	2015-11-17	2024-04-23
US8168218	No	2012-05-01	2028-01-07
US8309124	No	2012-11-13	2024-04-23
US8394407	No	2013-03-12	2024-04-23
US9040085	No	2015-05-26	2024-04-23
US6488960	No	2002-12-03	2020-03-14
US6677326	No	2004-01-13	2020-03-14
US9504699	No	2016-11-29	2027-08-03

Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
melting point (°C)	230 - 235 °C (decomposes)	MSDS
water solubility	Very slightly soluble	MSDS
logP	1.46	MSDS

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	1.66	Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	12.58	Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-3.3	Chemaxon
Physiological Charge	0	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	5	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	2	Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area	91.67 Å2	Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count	2	Chemaxon
Refractivity	97.57 m3·mol-1	Chemaxon
Polarizability	38.2 Å3	Chemaxon
Number of Rings	4	Chemaxon
Bioavailability	1	Chemaxon
Rule of Five	Yes	Chemaxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	Chemaxon
Veber's Rule	No	Chemaxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	Chemaxon

Predicted ADMET Features

Property	Value	Probability
Human Intestinal Absorption	+	0.9918
Blood Brain Barrier	+	0.9383
Caco-2 permeable	-	0.5096
P-glycoprotein substrate	Substrate	0.7861
P-glycoprotein inhibitor I	Non-inhibitor	0.7847
P-glycoprotein inhibitor II	Non-inhibitor	0.8383
Renal organic cation transporter	Non-inhibitor	0.7463
CYP450 2C9 substrate	Non-substrate	0.8496
CYP450 2D6 substrate	Non-substrate	0.9138
CYP450 3A4 substrate	Substrate	0.7407
CYP450 1A2 substrate	Non-inhibitor	0.9406
CYP450 2C9 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9072
CYP450 2D6 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9418
CYP450 2C19 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9253
CYP450 3A4 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.8902
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity	Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity	0.9095
Ames test	Non AMES toxic	0.9132
Carcinogenicity	Non-carcinogens	0.9597
Biodegradation	Not ready biodegradable	0.925
Rat acute toxicity	1.8914 LD50, mol/kg	Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)	Weak inhibitor	0.95
hERG inhibition (predictor II)	Non-inhibitor	0.584

ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)

Download (12.5 KB)

Spectra

Spectrum	Spectrum Type	Splash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS	splash10-001i-4976000000-e89b93e4bd7a96264eff
Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)	MS	splash10-05fs-2951000000-1a9b3a7e18f6088d28db
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-05tg-0695000000-35841a4b47ea1535be95
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0a4m-0597000000-c12dc88504062b28c4be
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0002-2960000000-10bdddfba8bd2889acde
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-00di-0900000000-1ea12664a8edc235b05c
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-00di-1900000000-06d289c40615662ab14e
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , negative	LC-MS/MS	splash10-00di-0900000000-f76738c3bedb48d0c7a3
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0a4i-0019000000-d5b5ef89fce8ee6966ba
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-00r5-0493000000-ae479d92cc77796a5177
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-00ds-0690000000-f3df1438f8c0623811c1
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-00dj-0970000000-b61d7f78a4036739cb07
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QTOF , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-05fs-0940000000-a9c08e5a06f9684fb000
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0a4l-0149000000-088a79de5c16e3384162
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QFT , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-006w-2930000000-f901c87bc4fd3221d37e
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-05tg-0695000000-35841a4b47ea1535be95
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0a4m-0597000000-c12dc88504062b28c4be
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0002-2960000000-10bdddfba8bd2889acde
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0596-0009000000-1d8bc375169d3dc7f974
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-004i-0009000000-d98a37ff336910838259
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0abc-0779000000-699fd67d658e190bf173
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-004i-1019000000-4ea780a1374942973304
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-001i-1598000000-cf36c71a547251c6e612
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0a4i-0930000000-5a91d6699f29b5329187
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable

Chromatographic Properties

Collision Cross Sections (CCS)

Adduct	CCS Value (Å2)	Source type	Source
[M-H]-	192.9933462	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-	174.7123494	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-	193.8716462	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-	182.98608	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+	194.6862462	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+	177.2265669	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+	194.2374462	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+	184.88148	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+	193.7847462	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+	191.0416805	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+	193.3606462	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+	191.55984	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Details1. Glucocorticoid receptor

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Yes

Actions

Agonist

General Function

Zinc ion binding

Specific Function

Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC). Has a dual mode of action: as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE), both for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modula...

Gene Name

NR3C1

Uniprot ID

P04150

Uniprot Name

Glucocorticoid receptor

Molecular Weight

85658.57 Da

References

1. Liu BG, Li ZY, Du M: [Effects of jingui shenqi pill combined prednisone on expression of glucocorticoid receptor and its clinical effect in treating bullous pemphigoid patients]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2006 Oct;26(10):881-4. [Article]
2. Friel PN, Alexander T, Wright JV: Suppression of adrenal function by low-dose prednisone: assessment with 24-hour urinary steroid hormone profiles--a review of five cases. Altern Med Rev. 2006 Mar;11(1):40-6. [Article]
3. Diez JJ, Iglesias P: Pharmacological therapy of Cushing's syndrome: drugs and indications. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2007 May;7(5):467-80. [Article]
4. Yano A, Fujii Y, Iwai A, Kawakami S, Kageyama Y, Kihara K: Glucocorticoids suppress tumor lymphangiogenesis of prostate cancer cells. Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Oct 15;12(20 Pt 1):6012-7. [Article]
5. Yano A, Fujii Y, Iwai A, Kageyama Y, Kihara K: Glucocorticoids suppress tumor angiogenesis and in vivo growth of prostate cancer cells. Clin Cancer Res. 2006 May 15;12(10):3003-9. [Article]
6. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
7. Czock D, Keller F, Rasche FM, Haussler U: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of systemically administered glucocorticoids. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2005;44(1):61-98. doi: 10.2165/00003088-200544010-00003. [Article]

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Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at February 20, 2024 23:55