Magnesium sulfate

Identification

Summary

Magnesium sulfate is a drug used to treat convulsions during pregnancy, nephritis in children, magnesium deficiency, and tetany.

Brand Names

Concept Ob, Suflave, Suprep Bowel Prep Kit, Tis-U-sol

Generic Name

Magnesium sulfate

DrugBank Accession Number

DB00653

Background

A small colorless crystal used as an anticonvulsant, a cathartic, and an electrolyte replenisher in the treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. It causes direct inhibition of action potentials in myometrial muscle cells. Excitation and contraction are uncoupled, which decreases the frequency and force of contractions. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1083)

Type

Small Molecule

Groups

Approved, Investigational, Vet approved

Structure

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MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI

Similar Structures

Structure for Magnesium sulfate (DB00653)

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Weight

Average: 120.368
Monoisotopic: 119.936771076

Chemical Formula

MgO₄S

Synonyms

• Magnesium sulfate (1:1)
• Magnesium sulfate anhydrous
• Magnesium sulphate
• magnesium(II) sulfate
• Magnesiumsulfat
• MgSO4

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Pharmacology

Indication

Used for immediate control of life-threatening convulsions in the treatment of severe toxemias (pre-eclampsia and eclampsia) of pregnancy and in the treatment of acute nephritis in children. Also indicated for replacement therapy in magnesium deficiency, especially in acute hypomagnesemia accompanied by signs of tetany similar to those of hypocalcemia. Also used in uterine tetany as a myometriat relaxant.

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Associated Conditions

Indication Type	Indication	Combined Product Details	Approval Level	Age Group	Patient Characteristics	Dose Form
Symptomatic treatment of	Constipation		••• •••
Management of	Convulsions		••••••••••••			•••••••••• •••••••••• ••••••••
Prophylaxis of	Convulsions		••••••••••••			•••••••••• •••••••••• ••••••••
Management of	Convulsions		••••••••••••			•••••••••• •••••••••• ••••••••
Treatment of	Hypomagnesemia		••••••••••••			•••••••••• •••••••••• ••••••••

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Associated Therapies

• Bowel preparation therapy
• Soaking aid for minor sprains and bruises

Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings

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Pharmacodynamics

Magnesium sulfate is a small colorless crystal used as an anticonvulsant, a cathartic, and an electrolyte replenisher in the treatment of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. It causes direct inhibition of action potentials in myometrial muscle cells. Excitation and contraction are uncoupled, which decreases the frequency and force of contractions. Magnesium sulfate is gaining popularity as an initial treatment in the management of various dysrhythmias, particularly torsades de pointes, and dyrhythmias secondary to TCA overdose or digitalis toxicity.

Mechanism of action

Magnesium is the second most plentiful cation of the intracellular fluids. It is essential for the activity of many enzyme systems and plays an important role with regard to neurochemical transmission and muscular excitability. Magnesium sulfate reduces striated muscle contractions and blocks peripheral neuromuscular transmission by reducing acetylcholine release at the myoneural junction. Additionally, Magnesium inhibits Ca²⁺ influx through dihydropyridine-sensitive, voltage-dependent channels. This accounts for much of its relaxant action on vascular smooth muscle.

Target	Actions	Organism
AVoltage-dependent L-type calcium channel	inhibitor blocker	Humans

Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

25-30%

Metabolism

None

Route of elimination

Magnesium is excreted solely by the kidney at a rate proportional to the serum concentration and glomerular filtration.

Half-life

43.2 hours (for newborns)

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects

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Toxicity

LD₅₀ = 1200 mg/kg (rat, subcutaneous). May be harmful if swallowed. May act as an irritant. Adverse reactions include hypotension, ECG changes, diarrhea, urinary retention, CNS depression and respiratory depression.

Pathways

Not Available

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Not Available

Interactions

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This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.

• Approved
• Vet approved
• Nutraceutical
• Illicit
• Withdrawn
• Investigational
• Experimental
• All Drugs

Drug	Interaction
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1,2-Benzodiazepine	The therapeutic efficacy of 1,2-Benzodiazepine can be increased when used in combination with Magnesium sulfate.
Acarbose	The risk or severity of hypoglycemia can be increased when Magnesium sulfate is combined with Acarbose.
Acebutolol	Magnesium sulfate may increase the arrhythmogenic activities of Acebutolol.
Aceclofenac	The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Magnesium sulfate is combined with Aceclofenac.
Acemetacin	The risk or severity of hyperkalemia can be increased when Magnesium sulfate is combined with Acemetacin.

Food Interactions

No interactions found.

Products

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Product Ingredients

Ingredient	UNII	CAS	InChI Key
Magnesium sulfate dihydrate	10NKG94IWF	17830-05-6	QSOMFNQEXNFPNU-UHFFFAOYSA-L
Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate	SK47B8698T	10034-99-8	WRUGWIBCXHJTDG-UHFFFAOYSA-L
Magnesium sulfate monohydrate	E2L2TK027P	14168-73-1	LFCFXZHKDRJMNS-UHFFFAOYSA-L

Active Moieties

Name	Kind	UNII	CAS	InChI Key
Magnesium cation	ionic	T6V3LHY838	22537-22-0	JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Magnesium	unknown	I38ZP9992A	7439-95-4	RSHAOIXHUHAZPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Sulfate ion	ionic	7IS9N8KPMG	14808-79-8	QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L

Brand Name Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Magnesium Sulfate	Injection, solution	500 mg/1mL	Intramuscular; Intravenous	HF Acquisition Co LLC, DBA HealthFirst	2019-12-11	Not applicable
Magnesium Sulfate	Injection, solution	500 mg/1mL	Intramuscular; Intravenous	Medical Purchasing Solutions, Llc	2000-08-08	Not applicable
Magnesium Sulfate	Injection, solution	500 mg/1mL	Intramuscular; Intravenous	Henry Schein, Inc.	2022-01-18	Not applicable
Magnesium Sulfate	Injection, solution	500 mg/1mL	Intramuscular; Intravenous	General Injectables and Vaccines, Inc.	2017-01-13	2024-02-29
Magnesium Sulfate	Injection, solution	500 mg/1mL	Intramuscular; Intravenous	American Regent	1990-09-30	2012-08-01

Generic Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
50% Magnesium Sulfate	Injection, solution	500 mg/1mL	Intramuscular; Intravenous	Hf Acquisition Co. Llc, Dba Health First	2018-08-25	Not applicable
Magnesium Sulfate	Injection, solution	500 mg/1mL	Intramuscular; Intravenous	Hospira, Inc.	2006-11-28	Not applicable
Magnesium Sulfate	Injection, solution	40 mg/1mL	Intravenous	Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc.	2021-08-01	Not applicable
Magnesium Sulfate	Injection, solution	2 g/50mL	Intravenous	Mylan Institutional LLC	2020-10-02	Not applicable
Magnesium Sulfate	Injection, solution	2 g/50mL	Intravenous	Gland Pharma Limited	2020-07-10	Not applicable

Over the Counter Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Assured Epsom Salt	Granule	100 g/100g	Oral	Hefei Yatai Daily Chemical Products Co., Ltd.	2016-03-30	Not applicable
Assured Epsom Salt	Granule	100 g/100g	Oral	Greenbrier International, Inc.	2016-06-14	Not applicable
Daily Care Epsom Salt	Granule	100 g/100g	Oral	1 Source Trading LLC	2021-06-03	Not applicable
DBL Magnesium Sulfate Concentrated Injection 49.3%	Injection	2.47 g/5ml	Intramuscular; Intravenous	PFIZER PRIVATE LIMITED	1991-05-21	Not applicable
Epsal	Ointment	400 mg/1g	Topical	Press Chemical And Pharmaceutical Laboratories	1957-01-15	Not applicable

Mixture Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Aminomix peripher Infusionslösung	Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (0.78 g/L) + Alanine (4.9 g/L) + Arginine (4.2 g/L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.24 g/L) + D-glucose monohydrate (69.3 g/L) + Glycine (3.85 g/L) + Histidine (1.05 g/L) + Isoleucine (1.75 g/L) + Leucine (2.59 g/L) + Lysine acetate (3.26 g/L) + Methionine (1.51 g/L) + Phenylalanine (1.79 g/L) + Potassium chloride (1.41 g/L) + Proline (3.92 g/L) + Serine (2.28 g/L) + Sodium acetate trihydrate (1.16 g/L) + Sodium glycerophosphate hydrate (1.78 g/L) + Taurine (0.35 g/L) + Threonine (1.54 g/L) + Tryptophan (0.7 g/L) + Tyrosine (0.14 g/L) + Valine (2.17 g/L)	Solution	Intravenous	Fresenius Kabi Austria Gmb H	2016-07-07	Not applicable
ANTIBIL POLVO	Magnesium sulfate (21.13 g) + Rhubarb (0.43 g) + Sennosides (0.44 g)	Powder, for suspension	Oral	LABORATORIOS NEO LTDA	2006-11-10	Not applicable
Aqua De Folli Hair Booster	Magnesium sulfate (0.00024 g/100mL) + Sodium bicarbonate (0.006 g/100mL) + Zinc sulfate, unspecified form (0.0000022 g/100mL)	Liquid	Topical	ROKIT HEALTHCARE Inc.	2020-09-24	Not applicable
Aqua De Folli Hair Booster Mini	Magnesium sulfate (0.00024 g/100mL) + Sodium bicarbonate (0.006 g/100mL) + Zinc sulfate, unspecified form (0.0000022 g/100mL)	Liquid	Topical	ROKIT HEALTHCARE Inc.	2020-09-24	Not applicable
Aqua De Folli Hair Booster Pro	Magnesium sulfate (0.00024 g/100mL) + Sodium bicarbonate (0.006 g/100mL) + Zinc sulfate, unspecified form (0.0000022 g/100mL)	Liquid	Topical	ROKIT HEALTHCARE Inc.	2020-09-24	Not applicable

Unapproved/Other Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Aqua De Folli Hair Booster	Magnesium sulfate (0.00024 g/100mL) + Sodium bicarbonate (0.006 g/100mL) + Zinc sulfate, unspecified form (0.0000022 g/100mL)	Liquid	Topical	ROKIT HEALTHCARE Inc.	2020-09-24	Not applicable
Aqua De Folli Hair Booster Mini	Magnesium sulfate (0.00024 g/100mL) + Sodium bicarbonate (0.006 g/100mL) + Zinc sulfate, unspecified form (0.0000022 g/100mL)	Liquid	Topical	ROKIT HEALTHCARE Inc.	2020-09-24	Not applicable
Aqua De Folli Hair Booster Pro	Magnesium sulfate (0.00024 g/100mL) + Sodium bicarbonate (0.006 g/100mL) + Zinc sulfate, unspecified form (0.0000022 g/100mL)	Liquid	Topical	ROKIT HEALTHCARE Inc.	2020-09-24	Not applicable
Centratex	Magnesium sulfate (6.9 mg/1) + Cupric sulfate (0.8 mg/1) + Cyanocobalamin (15 ug/1) + Folic acid (1 mg/1) + Iron (106 mg/1) + Manganese sulfate (1.3 mg/1) + Nicotinamide (30 mg/1) + Calcium pantothenate (10 mg/1) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (5 mg/1) + Riboflavin (6 mg/1) + Sodium ascorbate (200 mg/1) + Thiamine mononitrate (10 mg/1) + Zinc sulfate, unspecified form (18.2 mg/1)	Capsule	Oral	Centurion Labs, LLC	2009-06-14	Not applicable
Concept DHA	Magnesium sulfate (5 mg/1) + Ascorbic acid (25 mg/1) + Biotin (300 ug/1) + Cupric sulfate pentahydrate (2 mg/1) + Cyanocobalamin (12.5 ug/1) + Ferrous fumarate (17.5 mg/1) + Folic acid (1 mg/1) + Iron (17.5 mg/1) + Niacin (1.8 mg/1) + Omega-3-acid ethyl esters (200 mg/1) + Calcium pantothenate (5 mg/1) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (25 mg/1) + Riboflavin (3 mg/1) + Thiamine mononitrate (2 mg/1) + Zinc sulfate, unspecified form (10 mg/1)	Capsule, liquid filled	Oral	U.S. Pharmaceutical Corporation	2009-06-24	Not applicable

Categories

ATC Codes

A06AD04 — Magnesium sulfate

• A06AD — Osmotically acting laxatives
• A06A — DRUGS FOR CONSTIPATION
• A06 — DRUGS FOR CONSTIPATION
• A — ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM

V04CC02 — Magnesium sulfate

• V04CC — Tests for bile duct patency
• V04C — OTHER DIAGNOSTIC AGENTS
• V04 — DIAGNOSTIC AGENTS
• V — VARIOUS

D11AX05 — Magnesium sulfate

• D11AX — Other dermatologicals
• D11A — OTHER DERMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS
• D11 — OTHER DERMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS
• D — DERMATOLOGICALS

B05XA05 — Magnesium sulfate

• B05XA — Electrolyte solutions
• B05X — I.V. SOLUTION ADDITIVES
• B05 — BLOOD SUBSTITUTES AND PERFUSION SOLUTIONS
• B — BLOOD AND BLOOD FORMING ORGANS

A12CC02 — Magnesium sulfate

• A12CC — Magnesium
• A12C — OTHER MINERAL SUPPLEMENTS
• A12 — MINERAL SUPPLEMENTS
• A — ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM

Drug Categories

• Agents causing hyperkalemia
• Agents that produce neuromuscular block (indirect)
• Alimentary Tract and Metabolism
• Analgesics
• Anesthetics
• Antiarrhythmic agents
• Anticonvulsants
• Blood and Blood Forming Organs
• Blood Substitutes and Perfusion Solutions
• Bradycardia-Causing Agents
• Calcium Channel Blockers
• Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents
• Cardiovascular Agents
• Central Nervous System Agents
• Central Nervous System Depressants
• Dermatologicals
• Diagnostic Agents
• Drugs for Constipation
• Electrolyte Solutions
• I.V. Solution Additives
• Laxatives
• Laxatives, magnesium containing
• Magnesium Compounds
• Magnesium Salts
• Membrane Transport Modulators
• Metal cations
• Metal divalent cations
• Mineral Supplements
• Miscellaneous Anticonvulsants
• Osmotic Laxatives
• Peripheral Nervous System Agents
• Replacement Preparations
• Reproductive Control Agents
• Sensory System Agents
• Sulfates
• Sulfur Acids
• Sulfur Compounds
• Sulfuric Acids
• Tests for Bile Duct Patency
• Tocolytic Agents
• Vasodilating Agents

Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire

Description

This compound belongs to the class of inorganic compounds known as alkaline earth metal sulfates. These are inorganic compounds in which the largest oxoanion is sulfate, and in which the heaviest atom not in an oxoanion is an alkaline earth metal.

Kingdom

Inorganic compounds

Super Class

Mixed metal/non-metal compounds

Class

Alkaline earth metal oxoanionic compounds

Sub Class

Alkaline earth metal sulfates

Direct Parent

Alkaline earth metal sulfates

Alternative Parents

Inorganic salts / Inorganic oxides

Substituents

Alkaline earth metal sulfate / Inorganic oxide / Inorganic salt

Molecular Framework

Not Available

External Descriptors

magnesium salt, metal sulfate (CHEBI:32599)

Affected organisms

• Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII

ML30MJ2U7I

CAS number

7487-88-9

InChI Key

CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L

InChI

InChI=1S/Mg.H2O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2

IUPAC Name

magnesium(2+) sulfate

SMILES

[Mg++].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O

References

Synthesis Reference

Shinichi Yamamoto, Akifumi Sekitani, "BASIC MAGNESIUM SULFATE GRANULE, AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF." U.S. Patent US20110042297, issued February 24, 2011.

US20110042297

General References

1. Blitz M, Blitz S, Hughes R, Diner B, Beasley R, Knopp J, Rowe BH: Aerosolized magnesium sulfate for acute asthma: a systematic review. Chest. 2005 Jul;128(1):337-44. [Article]
2. Yokoyama K, Takahashi N, Yada Y, Koike Y, Kawamata R, Uehara R, Kono Y, Honma Y, Momoi MY: Prolonged maternal magnesium administration and bone metabolism in neonates. Early Hum Dev. 2010 Mar;86(3):187-91. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.02.007. Epub 2010 Mar 12. [Article]
3. Wedig KE, Kogan J, Schorry EK, Whitsett JA: Skeletal demineralization and fractures caused by fetal magnesium toxicity. J Perinatol. 2006 Jun;26(6):371-4. [Article]
4. Nassar AH, Sakhel K, Maarouf H, Naassan GR, Usta IM: Adverse maternal and neonatal outcome of prolonged course of magnesium sulfate tocolysis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2006;85(9):1099-103. [Article]
5. Malaeb SN, Rassi AI, Haddad MC, Seoud MA, Yunis KA: Bone mineralization in newborns whose mothers received magnesium sulphate for tocolysis of premature labour. Pediatr Radiol. 2004 May;34(5):384-6. Epub 2004 Feb 18. [Article]
6. Matsuda Y, Maeda Y, Ito M, Sakamoto H, Masaoka N, Takada M, Sato K: Effect of magnesium sulfate treatment on neonatal bone abnormalities. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1997;44(2):82-8. [Article]
7. Schanler RJ, Smith LG Jr, Burns PA: Effects of long-term maternal intravenous magnesium sulfate therapy on neonatal calcium metabolism and bone mineral content. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1997;43(4):236-41. [Article]
8. Santi MD, Henry GW, Douglas GL: Magnesium sulfate treatment of preterm labor as a cause of abnormal neonatal bone mineralization. J Pediatr Orthop. 1994 Mar-Apr;14(2):249-53. [Article]
9. Holcomb WL Jr, Shackelford GD, Petrie RH: Magnesium tocolysis and neonatal bone abnormalities: a controlled study. Obstet Gynecol. 1991 Oct;78(4):611-4. [Article]
10. Cumming WA, Thomas VJ: Hypermagnesemia: a cause of abnormal metaphyses in the neonate. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1989 May;152(5):1071-2. [Article]
11. Lamm CI, Norton KI, Murphy RJ, Wilkins IA, Rabinowitz JG: Congenital rickets associated with magnesium sulfate infusion for tocolysis. J Pediatr. 1988 Dec;113(6):1078-82. [Article]
12. McGuinness GA, Weinstein MM, Cruikshank DP, Pitkin RM: Effects of magnesium sulfate treatment on perinatal calcium metabolism. II. Neonatal responses. Obstet Gynecol. 1980 Nov;56(5):595-600. [Article]
13. Riaz M, Porat R, Brodsky NL, Hurt H: The effects of maternal magnesium sulfate treatment on newborns: a prospective controlled study. J Perinatol. 1998 Nov-Dec;18(6 Pt 1):449-54. [Article]

External Links

Human Metabolome Database

HMDB0014791

KEGG Drug

D01108

PubChem Compound

24083

PubChem Substance

46508411

ChemSpider

22515

RxNav

1311625

ChEBI

32599

ChEMBL

CHEMBL2021423

Therapeutic Targets Database

DAP000201

PharmGKB

PA450302

RxList

RxList Drug Page

Drugs.com

Drugs.com Drug Page

Wikipedia

Magnesium_sulfate

MSDS

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Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">

Phase	Status	Purpose	Conditions	Count
4	Active Not Recruiting	Treatment	Acute Pain / Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) / Postoperative pain / Valvular Heart Disease	1
4	Active Not Recruiting	Treatment	Postoperative pain	1
4	Completed	Not Available	Neuromuscular Blockade	1
4	Completed	Other	Coarctation of the Aorta	1
4	Completed	Other	Hemodynamic Stability	1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

• Abraxis pharmaceutical products
• Hospira inc

Packagers

• Denison Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Gallipot
• Hospira Inc.
• Pharmakon
• Pharmedium
• QOL Medical
• Spectrum Pharmaceuticals
• Vi-Jon Laboratories Inc.
• Walgreen Co.

Dosage Forms

Form	Route	Strength
Powder	Oral
Liquid	Topical
Powder, for suspension	Oral
Powder, for solution	Oral
Injection, solution	Parenteral	200 mg
Injection, solution	Parenteral
Solution	Parenteral	1.00 g
Injection	Intramuscular; Intravenous	2.47 g/5ml
Capsule	Cutaneous; Oral
Capsule, liquid filled	Oral
Injection, solution	Intravenous
Injection	Intrathecal
Liquid	Oral
Ointment	Topical	400 mg/1g
Crystal	Oral; Topical	1 g/1g
Granule	Oral	1 g/1g
Granule	Oral	100 kg/100kg
Granule	Oral; Topical	1 g/1g
Granule	Oral; Topical	1.81 kg/100kg
Granule, for solution	Oral; Topical	1 g/1g
Granule, for solution	Oral; Topical	100 g/100g
Powder, for solution	Oral	100 %
Powder	Topical	12 g/12g
Granule	Topical	2.72 kg/2.72kg
Granule	Oral; Topical	100 g/100g
Powder	Oral	100 %
Powder	Oral
Granule, for solution	Oral	1 g/1g
Powder, for solution	Oral	1000 mg/1g
Injection, solution, concentrate	Intramuscular; Intravenous
Emulsion	Parenteral	20.000 g
Injection, emulsion	Intravenous
Injection	Intravenous
Injection	Intravenous	1.6 g/l
Tablet, effervescent	Oral
Syrup	Oral
Solution	Intramuscular	1.00 g
Granule	Oral	100 g/100g
Solution	Parenteral	0.200 g
Injection, solution	Intravenous
Injection, solution, concentrate	Intravenous
Injection, solution	Parenteral	493 mg/5mL
Injection, solution	Parenteral	985.9 mg/2mL
Injection	Intravenous	40 mg/1mL
Injection, solution	Intramuscular; Intravenous	500 mg/1mL
Injection, solution	Intravenous	2 g/50mL
Injection, solution	Intravenous	20 g/500mL
Injection, solution	Intravenous	20 g/250mL
Injection, solution	Intravenous	4 g/50mL
Injection, solution	Intravenous	4 g/100mL
Injection, solution	Intravenous	40 mg/1mL
Injection, solution	Intravenous	80 mg/1mL
Liquid	Topical	45 %
Injection, solution	Intravenous	1 g/100mL
Solution	Intravenous
Injection	Intravenous	1 g/100mL
Injection, solution	Intravenous	10 mg/1mL
Injection, solution	Intravenous	2 g/100mL
Injection	Intravenous	2 g/50mL
Injection	Intravenous	20 g/500mL
Injection	Intravenous	4 g/100mL
Injection	Intravenous	4 g/50mL
Injection	Intravenous	40 g/1000mL
Injection, solution	Intravenous	40 g/1000mL
Solution	Intravenous	40 mg / mL
Solution	Intravenous	80 mg / mL
Liquid	Intramuscular	500 mg / mL
Liquid	Intramuscular; Intravenous	500 mg / mL
Liquid	Intramuscular; Intravenous	200 mg / mL
Solution	Intramuscular; Intravenous	500 mg / mL
Solution	Intravenous	493 mg / mL
Solution	Parenteral	4929.5 mg/10mL
Solution	Parenteral	5000 mg/10mL
Injection, solution	Parenteral	100 mg/ml
Injection, solution	Parenteral	200 mg/ml
Solution	Intramuscular; Intravenous	15 %
Solution	Intramuscular; Intravenous	1.2 mEq/ml
Solution	Intravenous	1.5 g
Powder	Oral	26.000 g
Injection, solution	Parenteral	1 g/10ml
Solution	Parenteral	5 g/10ml
Granule, for solution	Oral; Topical	1 kg/1kg
Liquid	Intravenous
Powder	Topical	10 g/10g
Crystal	Oral; Topical	100 g/100g
Injection	Intravenous
For solution	Topical	1 kg/1kg
Granule	Oral	3.63 kg/3.63kg
Granule, for solution	Oral	1 kg/1kg
Emulsion	Intravenous
Emulsion	Intravenous	13.000 g
Solution	Oral
Emulsion	Parenteral
Kit	Oral
Kit; powder, for solution	Oral
Injection	Intravenous	2 g
Solution	Intravenous	2 g
Solution	Parenteral	2 g
Solution	Intravenous	2000 mg
Solution, concentrate	Oral
Tablet	Oral
Capsule	Oral
Irrigant	Irrigation
Solution	Irrigation
Liquid	Irrigation
Injection, solution	Intravenous	1500 mg/10ml
Capsule, gelatin coated	Oral
Suspension
Tablet, film coated
Solution		100 mg/1ml
Solution		500 mg/1ml

Prices

Unit description	Cost	Unit
Elliotts b solution ampule	4.71USD	ml
Magnesium Sulfate 50% Solution 2ml Vial	0.92USD	vial
Magnesium sulfate powder	0.29USD	g
Magnesium-ns 6 g/50 ml bag	0.29USD	ml
Magnesium-ns 4 g/50 ml bag	0.27USD	ml
Magnesium-ns 3 g/50 ml bag	0.26USD	ml
Magnesium sulfate-ns 2 gm bag	0.25USD	ml
Magnesium sulfate-ns 1 gm bag	0.24USD	ml
Magnesium-d5w 1 gm/100 ml soln	0.07USD	ml
Magnesium-lr 20 g/500 ml	0.03USD	ml
Magnesium-lr 40 g/500 ml bag	0.03USD	ml
Magnesium-lr 50 g/500 ml bag	0.02USD	ml
Epsom salt 100% powder	0.01USD	g
Magnesium sulf 4% iv soln	0.01USD	ml

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Patents

Patent Number	Pediatric Extension	Approved	Expires (estimated)	Region
US6946149	No	2005-09-20	2023-03-07
US10143656	No	2018-12-04	2037-08-04
US11033498	No	2021-06-15	2037-08-04
US11382864	No	2017-08-04	2037-08-04
US11638697	No	2017-08-04	2037-08-04

Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
melting point (°C)	1124 °C (decomposition)	Not Available
water solubility	710 mg/mL	Not Available
logP	-0.91	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	-0.84	Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	-3	Chemaxon
Physiological Charge	-2	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	4	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	0	Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area	80.26 Å2	Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count	0	Chemaxon
Refractivity	11.53 m3·mol-1	Chemaxon
Polarizability	5.81 Å3	Chemaxon
Number of Rings	0	Chemaxon
Bioavailability	1	Chemaxon
Rule of Five	Yes	Chemaxon
Ghose Filter	No	Chemaxon
Veber's Rule	No	Chemaxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	Chemaxon

Predicted ADMET Features

Property	Value	Probability
Human Intestinal Absorption	+	0.7487
Blood Brain Barrier	+	0.9646
Caco-2 permeable	-	0.6267
P-glycoprotein substrate	Non-substrate	0.9137
P-glycoprotein inhibitor I	Non-inhibitor	0.9194
P-glycoprotein inhibitor II	Non-inhibitor	0.9904
Renal organic cation transporter	Non-inhibitor	0.9521
CYP450 2C9 substrate	Non-substrate	0.8775
CYP450 2D6 substrate	Non-substrate	0.8213
CYP450 3A4 substrate	Non-substrate	0.7007
CYP450 1A2 substrate	Non-inhibitor	0.7767
CYP450 2C9 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.7602
CYP450 2D6 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9115
CYP450 2C19 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.7547
CYP450 3A4 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9759
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity	Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity	0.9577
Ames test	Non AMES toxic	0.5773
Carcinogenicity	Carcinogens	0.8111
Biodegradation	Ready biodegradable	0.943
Rat acute toxicity	2.4160 LD50, mol/kg	Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)	Weak inhibitor	0.7988
hERG inhibition (predictor II)	Non-inhibitor	0.9446

ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)

Not Available

Spectra

Spectrum	Spectrum Type	Splash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS	splash10-014i-0900000000-ecce6224eba6c0478dfd

Chromatographic Properties

Collision Cross Sections (CCS)

Not Available

Targets

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Details1. Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel (Protein Group)

Kind

Protein group

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Yes

Actions

Inhibitor

Blocker

Curator comments

The magnesium regulates the channel gating by binding to the EF-hand motif region in the COOH-terminal tail of the α-subunit of the channel.

General Function

Voltage-gated calcium channel activity

Specific Function

Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...

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Components:

Name	UniProt ID
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C	Q13936
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D	Q01668
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F	O60840
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S	Q13698
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1	Q02641
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-2	Q08289
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-3	P54284
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4	O00305
Voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A	O00555

References

1. Brunet S, Scheuer T, Klevit R, Catterall WA: Modulation of CaV1.2 channels by Mg2+ acting at an EF-hand motif in the COOH-terminal domain. J Gen Physiol. 2005 Oct;126(4):311-23. doi: 10.1085/jgp.200509333. Epub 2005 Sep 12. [Article]
2. Bara M, Guiet-Bara A: Magnesium regulation of Ca2+ channels in smooth muscle and endothelial cells of human allantochorial placental vessels. Magnes Res. 2001 Mar;14(1-2):11-8. [Article]
3. Kuo CC, Hess P: Block of the L-type Ca2+ channel pore by external and internal Mg2+ in rat phaeochromocytoma cells. J Physiol. 1993 Jul;466:683-706. [Article]
4. Zhao M, Feng R, Shao D, Liu S, Lei M, Wang H, Sun X, Guo F, Hu H, Kameyama M, Hao L: Mg(2+)-dependent facilitation and inactivation of L-type Ca(2+) channels in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. J Pharmacol Sci. 2015 Nov;129(3):143-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jphs.2015.08.001. Epub 2015 Aug 7. [Article]
5. Lin CY, Tsai PS, Hung YC, Huang CJ: L-type calcium channels are involved in mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of magnesium sulphate. Br J Anaesth. 2010 Jan;104(1):44-51. doi: 10.1093/bja/aep336. [Article]

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Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at February 21, 2024 02:38