Identification
- Summary
Furosemide is a loop diuretic used to treat hypertension and edema in congestive heart failure, liver cirrhosis, renal disease, and hypertension.
- Brand Names
- Furoscix, Lasix
- Generic Name
- Furosemide
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB00695
- Background
Furosemide is a potent loop diuretic that acts on the kidneys to ultimately increase water loss from the body. It is an anthranilic acid derivative.9 Furosemide is used for edema secondary to various clinical conditions, such as congestive heart failure exacerbation, liver failure, renal failure, and high blood pressure.10 It mainly works by inhibiting electrolyte reabsorption from the kidneys and enhancing the excretion of water from the body. Furosemide has a fast onset and short duration of action and has been used safely and effectively in both pediatric and adult patients.1 The use of furosemide is particularly beneficial in clinical settings that require a drug with a higher diuretic potential. In addition to oral formulations, the solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration is also available, which is typically limited to patients who are unable to take oral medication or for patients in emergency clinical situations.9
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Vet approved
- Structure
Structure for Furosemide (DB00695)
- Weight
- Average: 330.744
Monoisotopic: 330.007719869 - Chemical Formula
- C12H11ClN2O5S
- Synonyms
- 2-Furfurylamino-4-chloro-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid
- 4-Chloro-5-sulfamoyl-N-furfuryl-anthranilic acid
- 4-Chloro-N-(2-furylmethyl)-5-sulfamoylanthranilic acid
- 4-Chloro-N-furfuryl-5-sulfamoylanthranilic acid
- Frusemide
- Furosemid
- Furosemida
- Furosemide
- Furosemidu
- Furosemidum
- External IDs
- LB-502
- NSC-269420
Pharmacology
- Indication
Furosemide is indicated for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome, in adults and pediatric patients.9
Oral furosemide is indicated alone for the management of mild to moderate hypertension or severe hypertension in combination with other antihypertensive medications.12
Intravenous furosemide is indicated as adjunctive therapy in acute pulmonary edema when a rapid onset of diuresis is desired.9
Subcutaneous furosemide is indicated for the treatment of congestion due to fluid overload in adults with NYHA Class II/III chronic heart failure. This drug formulation is not indicated for emergency situations or in patients with acute pulmonary edema.13
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Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Adjunct therapy in treatment of Acute pulmonary edema •••••••••••• ••••••••••• •••••• ••••••••• ••••••••• Used in combination to treat Ascites Combination Product in combination with: Triamterene (DB00384) •••••••••••• ••••• •••••• Used in combination to treat Ascites Combination Product in combination with: Triamterene (DB00384) •••••••••••• ••••• •••••• Used in combination to treat Body fluid retention Combination Product in combination with: Triamterene (DB00384) •••••••••••• ••••• •••••• Treatment of Edema •••••••••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Furosemide manages hypertension and edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. Furosemide is a potent loop diuretic that works to increase the excretion of Na+ and water by the kidneys by inhibiting their reabsorption from the proximal and distal tubules, as well as the loop of Henle.9 It works directly acts on the cells of the nephron and indirectly modifies the content of the renal filtrate.8 Ultimately, furosemide increases the urine output by the kidney. Protein-bound furosemide is delivered to its site of action in the kidneys and secreted via active secretion by nonspecific organic transporters expressed at the luminal site of action.4,9
Following oral administration, the onset of the diuretic effect is about 1 and 1.5 hours 9, and the peak effect is reached within the first 2 hours.10 The duration of effect following oral administration is about 4-6 hours but may last up to 8 hours.12 Following intravenous administration, the onset of effect is within 5 minutes, and the peak effect is reached within 30 minutes. The duration of action following intravenous administration is approximately 2 hours. Following intramuscular administration, the onset of action is somewhat delayed.9
- Mechanism of action
Furosemide promotes diuresis by blocking tubular reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the proximal and distal tubules, as well as in the thick ascending loop of Henle. This diuretic effect is achieved through the competitive inhibition of sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporters (NKCC2) expressed along these tubules in the nephron, preventing the transport of sodium ions from the lumenal side into the basolateral side for reabsorption. This inhibition results in increased excretion of water along with sodium, chloride, magnesium, calcium, hydrogen, and potassium ions.10 As with other loop diuretics, furosemide decreases the excretion of uric acid.8
Furosemide exerts direct vasodilatory effects, which results in its therapeutic effectiveness in the treatment of acute pulmonary edema. Vasodilation leads to reduced responsiveness to vasoconstrictors, such as angiotensin II and noradrenaline, and decreased production of endogenous natriuretic hormones with vasoconstricting properties. It also leads to increased production of prostaglandins with vasodilating properties. Furosemide may also open potassium channels in resistance arteries.8 The main mechanism of action of furosemide is independent of its inhibitory effect on carbonic anhydrase and aldosterone.9
Target Actions Organism ASolute carrier family 12 member 1 inhibitorHumans NCarbonic anhydrase 2 inhibitorHumans UG-protein coupled receptor 35 agonistHumans - Absorption
Following oral administration, furosemide is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.12 It displays variable bioavailability from oral dosage forms, ranging from 10 to 90%.4 The oral bioavailability of furosemide from oral tablets or oral solution is about 64% and 60%, respectively, of that from an intravenous injection of the drug.9
- Volume of distribution
The volume of distribution following intravenous administration of 40 mg furosemide were 0.181 L/kg in healthy subjects and 0.140 L/kg in patients with heart failure.6
- Protein binding
Plasma concentrations ranging from 1 to 400 mcg/mL are about 91-99% bound in healthy individuals. The unbound fraction is about 2.3-4.1% at therapeutic concentrations.12 Furosemide mainly binds to serum albumin.9
- Metabolism
The metabolism of furosemide occurs mainly in the kidneys and the liver, to a smaller extent. The kidneys are responsible for about 85% of total furosemide total clearance, where about 40% involves biotransformation.5 Two major metabolites of furosemide are furosemide glucuronide, which is pharmacologically active, and saluamine (CSA) or 4-chloro-5-sulfamoylanthranilic acid.2
Hover over products below to view reaction partners
- Route of elimination
The kidneys are responsible for 85% of total furosemide total clearance, where about 43% of the drug undergoes renal excretion.5 Significantly more furosemide is excreted in urine following the I.V. injection than after the tablet or oral solution. Approximately 50% of the furosemide load is excreted unchanged in urine, and the rest is metabolized into glucuronide in the kidney.4
- Half-life
The half-life from the dose of 40 mg furosemide was 4 hours following oral administration and 4.5 hours following intravenous administration. The terminal half-life of furosemide is approximately 2 hours following parenteral administration.9 The terminal half-life may be increased up to 24 hours in patients with severe renal failure.12
- Clearance
Following intravenous administration of 400 mg furosemide, the plasma clearance was 1.23 mL/kg/min in patients with heart failure and 2.34 mL/kg/min in healthy subjects, respectively.6
- Adverse Effects
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Clinical consequences from overdose depend on the extent of electrolyte and fluid loss and include dehydration, blood volume reduction, hypotension, electrolyte imbalance, hypokalemia, hypochloremic alkalosis,9 hemoconcentration, cardiac arrhythmias (including A-V block and ventricular fibrillation).12 Symptoms of overdose include acute renal failure, thrombosis, delirious states, flaccid paralysis, apathy and confusion. In cirrhotic patients, overdosage might precipitate hepatic coma.12
In rats, the oral LD50, intraperitoneal LD50, and subcutaneous LD50 is 2600 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg, and 4600 mg/kg, respectively. The Lowest published toxic dose (TDLo) in a female is 6250 μg/kg.11
- Pathways
Pathway Category Furosemide Action Pathway Drug action - Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs Browse all" title="About SNP Mediated Effects/ADRs" id="snp-actions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions Learn More" title="About Drug Interactions" id="structured-interactions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbacavir Furosemide may increase the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy. Abaloparatide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Furosemide is combined with Abaloparatide. Acamprosate The excretion of Acamprosate can be decreased when combined with Furosemide. Acarbose The therapeutic efficacy of Acarbose can be decreased when used in combination with Furosemide. Acebutolol Furosemide may increase the hypotensive activities of Acebutolol. - Food Interactions
- Avoid excessive or chronic alcohol consumption. Alcohol increases the risk of orthostatic hypotension.
- Avoid natural licorice. Avoid licorice in large amounts, as it may lead to hypokalemia.
- Increase consumption of potassium-rich foods. This medication may cause potassium depletion. Foods containing potassium include bananas and orange juice.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Furosemide sodium 101EM454S7 41733-55-5 DLFCAVBMDSKMEY-UHFFFAOYSA-M - Product Images
- International/Other Brands
- Diurapid (Mibe Jena) / Diurin (Mylan) / Diurmessel (Biomep) / Eutensin (Sanofi) / Frumex / Frusenex / Frusol (Rosemont) / Furo-Puren (Actavis) / Seguril (Sanofi)
- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Fuosemide Tablet 40 mg/1 Oral NCS HealthCare of KY, Inc dba Vangard Labs 1983-11-10 2022-10-31 US 
Furoscix Injection 8 mg/1mL Subcutaneous scPharmaceuticals Inc. 2022-11-14 Not applicable US Furosemide Tablet 20 mg/1 Oral Mylan Institutional Inc. 1997-02-06 2024-07-31 US Furosemide Tablet 40 mg/1 Oral Aphena Pharma Solutions Tennessee, Inc. 1981-10-19 Not applicable US 
Furosemide Injection, solution 10 mg/1mL Intramuscular; Intravenous Hospira, Inc. 2006-07-31 2006-07-31 US - Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Apo-furosemide Tablet 40 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 1976-12-31 Not applicable Canada 
Apo-furosemide Tablet 80 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 1986-12-31 Not applicable Canada Apo-furosemide Tablet 20 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 1977-12-31 Not applicable Canada Ava-furosemide Tablet 80 mg Oral Avanstra Inc 2011-08-11 2014-08-21 Canada Ava-furosemide Tablet 40 mg Oral Avanstra Inc 2011-08-11 2014-08-21 Canada - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image 14-Panel Toxicology Medicated Collection System Furosemide (20 mg/1) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.13 g/100g) Kit; Liquid; Tablet Oral; Topical Morkin Companies, Inc DBA Medical Technologies, Inc 2022-01-26 Not applicable US Active-Medicated specimen collection kit Furosemide (20 mg/1) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.0013 g/1mL) Kit Oral; Topical N.O.R.T.H., Inc. 2013-10-31 Not applicable US Diascreen 12-Panel Medicated Collection System Furosemide (20 mg/1) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.13 g/100g) Kit Oral; Topical It3 Medical Llc 2016-07-27 Not applicable US Diuscreen Medicated Collection Kit Furosemide (20 mg/1) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.0013 g/1mL) Kit Oral; Topical Maveron Health, LLC. 2015-06-01 2016-10-28 US Diuscreen Multi-Drug Medicated Test Kit Furosemide (20 mg/1) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.0013 g/1mL) Kit Oral; Topical Maveron Health, LLC. 2015-06-01 2016-10-28 US - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Furosemide Furosemide (20 mg/1) Tablet Oral Remedy Repack 2010-11-01 2011-02-10 US Specimen Collection Kit Furosemide (20 mg/1) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.13 mg/1mL) Kit Oral Alvix Laboratories, LLC 2015-04-21 2019-01-28 US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- C03EB01 — Furosemide and potassium-sparing agents
- C03EB — High-ceiling diuretics and potassium-sparing agents
- C03E — DIURETICS AND POTASSIUM-SPARING AGENTS IN COMBINATION
- C03 — DIURETICS
- C — CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- G01AE — Sulfonamides
- G01A — ANTIINFECTIVES AND ANTISEPTICS, EXCL. COMBINATIONS WITH CORTICOSTEROIDS
- G01 — GYNECOLOGICAL ANTIINFECTIVES AND ANTISEPTICS
- G — GENITO URINARY SYSTEM AND SEX HORMONES
- Drug Categories
- Acids, Carbocyclic
- Amides
- Amines
- Aminobenzoates
- Aniline Compounds
- Antihypertensive Agents
- Antihypertensive Agents Indicated for Hypertension
- Benzene Derivatives
- Benzoates
- Cardiovascular Agents
- Diuretics
- Drugs causing inadvertant photosensitivity
- Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted
- High-Ceiling Diuretics
- High-Ceiling Diuretics and Potassium-Sparing Agents
- Hyperglycemia-Associated Agents
- Hypotensive Agents
- Increased Diuresis at Loop of Henle
- Membrane Transport Modulators
- Natriuretic Agents
- Nephrotoxic agents
- Non Potassium Sparing Diuretics
- OAT1/SLC22A6 inhibitors
- OAT3/SLC22A8 Inhibitors
- Ototoxic agents
- Photosensitizing Agents
- Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors
- Sulfanilamides
- Sulfonamides
- Sulfones
- Sulfur Compounds
- Thyroxine-binding globulin substrates
- UGT1A1 Substrates
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as aminobenzenesulfonamides. These are organic compounds containing a benzenesulfonamide moiety with an amine group attached to the benzene ring.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Benzenoids
- Class
- Benzene and substituted derivatives
- Sub Class
- Benzenesulfonamides
- Direct Parent
- Aminobenzenesulfonamides
- Alternative Parents
- 4-halobenzoic acids / Aminobenzoic acids / Halobenzoic acids / Benzenesulfonyl compounds / Benzoic acids / Aniline and substituted anilines / Benzoyl derivatives / Phenylalkylamines / Secondary alkylarylamines / Chlorobenzenes show 15 more
- Substituents
- 4-halobenzoic acid / 4-halobenzoic acid or derivatives / Amine / Amino acid / Amino acid or derivatives / Aminobenzenesulfonamide / Aminobenzoic acid / Aminobenzoic acid or derivatives / Aminosulfonyl compound / Aniline or substituted anilines show 37 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- sulfonamide, furans, chlorobenzoic acid (CHEBI:47426)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 7LXU5N7ZO5
- CAS number
- 54-31-9
- InChI Key
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C12H11ClN2O5S/c13-9-5-10(15-6-7-2-1-3-20-7)8(12(16)17)4-11(9)21(14,18)19/h1-5,15H,6H2,(H,16,17)(H2,14,18,19)
- IUPAC Name
- 4-chloro-2-{[(furan-2-yl)methyl]amino}-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid
- SMILES
- NS(=O)(=O)C1=C(Cl)C=C(NCC2=CC=CO2)C(=C1)C(O)=O
References
- Synthesis Reference
Angelo Signor, Alfredo Guerrato, Giovanni Signor, "Process for the preparation of furosemide." U.S. Patent US5739361, issued June, 1971.
US5739361- General References
- Prandota J: Clinical pharmacology of furosemide in children: a supplement. Am J Ther. 2001 Jul-Aug;8(4):275-89. [Article]
- Ponto LL, Schoenwald RD: Furosemide (frusemide). A pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic review (Part I). Clin Pharmacokinet. 1990 May;18(5):381-408. doi: 10.2165/00003088-199018050-00004. [Article]
- Prandota J: Furosemide: progress in understanding its diuretic, anti-inflammatory, and bronchodilating mechanism of action, and use in the treatment of respiratory tract diseases. Am J Ther. 2002 Jul-Aug;9(4):317-28. [Article]
- Oh SW, Han SY: Loop Diuretics in Clinical Practice. Electrolyte Blood Press. 2015 Jun;13(1):17-21. doi: 10.5049/EBP.2015.13.1.17. Epub 2015 Jun 30. [Article]
- Pichette V, du Souich P: Role of the kidneys in the metabolism of furosemide: its inhibition by probenecid. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1996 Feb;7(2):345-9. [Article]
- Andreasen F, Mikkelsen E: Distribution, elimination and effect of furosemide in normal subjects and in patients with heart failure. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1977 Aug 17;12(1):15-22. doi: 10.1007/bf00561400. [Article]
- Perez J, Sitar DS, Ogilvie RI: Biotransformation of furosemide in patients with acute pulmonary edema. Drug Metab Dispos. 1979 Nov-Dec;7(6):383-7. [Article]
- 28. (2012). In Rang and Dale's Pharmacology (7th ed., pp. 352-354). Edinburgh: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. [ISBN:978-0-7020-3471-8]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Furosemide Injection, for intravenous or intramuscular use [Link]
- Furosemide - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf [Link]
- Furosemide SAFETY DATA SHEET - Cayman Chemical [Link]
- Lasix Oral (furosemide) Product Monograph [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Furoscix (furosemide injection), for subcutaneous use (October 2022) [Link]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0001933
- KEGG Drug
- D00331
- KEGG Compound
- C07017
- PubChem Compound
- 3440
- PubChem Substance
- 46506779
- ChemSpider
- 3322
- BindingDB
- 25902
- 4603
- ChEBI
- 47426
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL35
- ZINC
- ZINC000000035804
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DAP000043
- PharmGKB
- PA449719
- PDBe Ligand
- FUN
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Furosemide
- PDB Entries
- 1z9y / 2xn5 / 3rf4 / 6de9 / 6sg0 / 7n3n / 7sfl / 8ste
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Active Not Recruiting Treatment Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) / Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) / Diuretics Drug Reactions 1 4 Completed Other Cystoscopy 1 4 Completed Prevention Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) / Edema / Hypertension / Hypotension 1 4 Completed Prevention Diabetic Nephropathy 1 4 Completed Prevention Hypertension 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Abraxis pharmaceutical products
- App pharmaceuticals llc
- Astrazeneca lp
- Baxter healthcare corp anesthesia and critical care
- Hospira inc
- International medication system
- Luitpold pharmaceuticals inc
- Marsam pharmaceuticals llc
- Organon usa inc
- Smith and nephew solopak div smith and nephew
- Warner chilcott div warner lambert co
- Watson laboratories inc
- Wockhardt ltd
- Wyeth ayerst laboratories
- Sanofi aventis us llc
- Roxane laboratories inc
- Wockhardt eu operations (swiss) ag
- Dava pharmaceuticals inc
- Excellium pharmaceutical inc
- International medication systems ltd
- Ipca laboratories ltd
- Ivax pharmaceuticals inc sub teva pharmaceuticals usa
- Kalapharm inc
- Mutual pharmaceutical co inc
- Mylan pharmaceuticals inc
- Sandoz inc
- Superpharm corp
- Vintage pharmaceuticals inc
- County line pharmaceuticals llc
- Packagers
- Advanced Pharmaceutical Services Inc.
- American Regent
- Amerisource Health Services Corp.
- Apotheca Inc.
- APP Pharmaceuticals
- A-S Medication Solutions LLC
- Bryant Ranch Prepack
- C.O. Truxton Inc.
- Cardinal Health
- Central Texas Community Health Centers
- Comprehensive Consultant Services Inc.
- Coupler Enterprises Inc.
- CVS Pharmacy
- DAVA Pharmaceuticals
- Dept Health Central Pharmacy
- DHHS Program Support Center Supply Service Center
- Direct Dispensing Inc.
- Dispensing Solutions
- Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
- Excellium Pharmaceutical Inc.
- General Injectables and Vaccines Inc.
- Goldline Laboratories Inc.
- Group Health Cooperative
- H and H Laboratories
- Heartland Repack Services LLC
- Hospira Inc.
- Intervet International
- Ipca Laboratories Ltd.
- Ivax Pharmaceuticals
- Kaiser Foundation Hospital
- Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply
- Liberty Pharmaceuticals
- Luitpold Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Macnary Ltd.
- Major Pharmaceuticals
- Mason Distributors
- Mckesson Corp.
- Medvantx Inc.
- Merrell Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
- Mylan
- Neighborcare Repackaging Inc.
- Neuman Distributors Inc.
- Norwich Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Ohm Laboratories Inc.
- Palmetto Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Patheon Inc.
- PCA LLC
- PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Pharmaceutical Utilization Management Program VA Inc.
- Pharmedix
- Physicians Total Care Inc.
- Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Prepackage Specialists
- Prepak Systems Inc.
- Qualitest
- Ranbaxy Laboratories
- Rebel Distributors Corp.
- Redpharm Drug
- Remedy Repack
- Roxane Labs
- Sandhills Packaging Inc.
- Sandoz
- Sanofi-Aventis Inc.
- Southwood Pharmaceuticals
- Spectrum Pharmaceuticals
- Stat Scripts LLC
- Talbert Medical Management Corp.
- Taylor Pharmaceuticals
- Tya Pharmaceuticals
- UDL Laboratories
- United Research Laboratories Inc.
- Va Cmop Dallas
- Vangard Labs Inc.
- Vatring Pharmaceuticals
- Vedco Inc.
- Vintage Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Watson Pharmaceuticals
- Wockhardt Ltd.
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Kit Oral; Topical Tablet Oral 20 mg Solution Parenteral 20.000 mg Tablet Oral 40 mg Solution 10 mg/1ml Tablet Oral 40.000 mg Tablet Oral 20.000 MG Tablet Oral Solution Parenteral 20.00 mg Tablet Oral 40.00 mg Tablet Oral 250 MG Injection, solution, concentrate Parenteral 250 mg Injection, solution Intravenous 40 mg/4ml Capsule, extended release Oral 120 MG Tablet Oral 125 MG Capsule, extended release Oral 30 MG Injection, solution Parenteral 40 MG/4ML Capsule, extended release Oral 60 MG Injection Subcutaneous 8 mg/1mL Solution Parenteral 10 MG/ML Injection, solution Parenteral 10 MG/ML Solution Parenteral 250 MG/25ML Solution Parenteral 20 mg Solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 2000000 mg Solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 20 mg Solution Intravenous 2000000 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 40 mg Capsule, coated Oral Injection Intramuscular; Intravascular 10 mg/1mL Injection Intramuscular; Intravenous 10 mg/2mL Injection Intramuscular; Intravenous 10 mg/1mL Injection Intramuscular; Intravenous 100 mg/10mL Injection Intramuscular; Intravenous 20 mg/2mL Injection Intramuscular; Intravenous 40 mg/4mL Injection Intravenous 10 mg/1mL Injection, solution Intramuscular; Intravenous Injection, solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 10 mg/1mL Injection, solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 100 mg/10mL Injection, solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 20 mg/2mL Injection, solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 40 mg/4mL Injection, solution Intravenous 10 mg/1mL Solution Oral 10 mg/1mL Solution Oral 40 mg/4mL Solution Oral 40 mg/5mL Tablet Oral 20 mg/1 Tablet Oral 40 mg/1 Tablet Oral 80 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral Injection, solution 10 MG/ML Injection, solution Intravenous 20 mg/2ml Injection, solution Liquid Intramuscular; Intravenous 10 mg / mL Solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 10 mg / mL Solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 20 mg / 2 mL Injection, solution 20 MG/2ML Tablet Oral 25 MG Solution Intravenous 250 mg / 25 mL Liquid Intravenous 250 mg / 25 mL Solution Intravenous 10 mg / mL Injection, solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 50 mg/5mL Injection Intramuscular; Intravenous 10 mg/ml Injection Intramuscular; Intravenous Drug delivery system Topical 20 mg Solution Intramuscular 20.000 mg Capsule, gelatin coated Oral Injection, solution 250 MG/25ML Solution Oral 10 MG/ML Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous 250 mg/25mL Solution Parenteral 250 MG Tablet Oral 80 mg / tab Solution Intravenous 20 mg Injection, solution Parenteral 20 MG/2ML Solution Oral 10 mg / mL Liquid Oral 10 mg / mL Liquid Intramuscular; Intravenous 20 mg / 2 mL Capsule Oral 30 mg Capsule Oral 60 mg Liquid Intravenous 10 mg / mL Injection 20 mg/2ml Tablet Oral 20.01 mg Capsule Oral Tablet Oral 80 mg Kit Oral Tablet, film coated Oral Tablet Oral Injection, solution Parenteral Solution Intravenous 20.000 mg Kit; liquid; tablet Oral; Topical Kit; swab; tablet Oral; Topical Injection Solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 20 mg/2ml Kit Not applicable; Oral; Topical Solution Oral Tablet, coated Oral 40 mg Tablet Oral 500 mg Injection, solution 10 mg/1ml - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Hydro 40 40% Foam 150 gm Can 182.52USD can Hydro 40 40% Foam 70 gm Can 148.99USD can Furosemide 10 mg/ml Solution 60ml Bottle 17.99USD bottle Furosemide 10 mg/ml Solution 120ml Bottle 15.98USD bottle Furosemide powder 3.51USD g Lasix Special 500 mg Tablet 3.25USD tablet Urex 1 gm tablet 2.47USD tablet Furosemide 10 mg/ml cartrg 1.45USD ml Lasix 80 mg tablet 1.0USD tablet Furosemide 10 mg/ml Solution 0.9USD ml Furosemide 10 mg/ml 0.75USD ml Lasix 40 mg tablet 0.53USD tablet Furosemide 80 mg tablet 0.45USD tablet Lasix 20 mg tablet 0.42USD tablet Lasix 10 mg/ml Solution 0.3USD ml CVS Pharmacy diuretic 50 mg softgel 0.17USD softgel capsule Furosemide 40 mg tablet 0.16USD tablet Furosemide 20 mg tablet 0.14USD tablet Apo-Furosemide 80 mg Tablet 0.13USD tablet Novo-Semide 80 mg Tablet 0.13USD tablet Nat herbal diuretic tablet sa 0.1USD tablet Apo-Furosemide 40 mg Tablet 0.07USD tablet Natural herbal diuretic tablet 0.07USD tablet Novo-Semide 40 mg Tablet 0.07USD tablet Apo-Furosemide 20 mg Tablet 0.05USD tablet Novo-Semide 20 mg Tablet 0.05USD tablet DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
Patent Number Pediatric Extension Approved Expires (estimated) Region US11433044 No 2014-04-03 2034-04-03 US US9884039 No 2018-02-06 2034-04-03 US US10272064 No 2019-04-30 2034-04-03 US
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 220 MSDS water solubility 73.1 mg/L (at 30 °C) YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992) logP 2.03 SANGSTER (1993) logS -3.66 ADME Research, USCD Caco2 permeability -6.5 ADME Research, USCD - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.118 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 2.71 ALOGPS logP 1.75 Chemaxon logS -3.4 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 4.25 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) -1.5 Chemaxon Physiological Charge -1 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 5 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 3 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 122.63 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 5 Chemaxon Refractivity 77.47 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 30.55 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 2 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter Yes Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9155 Blood Brain Barrier - 0.8833 Caco-2 permeable - 0.6436 P-glycoprotein substrate Non-substrate 0.8775 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.9272 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.8382 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.924 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.6878 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.8351 CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.6789 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.9045 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.907 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9231 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9025 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9602 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.6885 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.9132 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.6469 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.9881 Rat acute toxicity 2.1362 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9342 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.8525
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 178.3629152 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 178.2106152 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 164.8962 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 178.6937152 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 178.7514152 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 167.25418 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 178.4127152 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 178.1936152 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 173.34732 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Sodium:potassium:chloride symporter activity
- Specific Function
- Electrically silent transporter system. Mediates sodium and chloride reabsorption. Plays a vital role in the regulation of ionic balance and cell volume.
- Gene Name
- SLC12A1
- Uniprot ID
- Q13621
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 12 member 1
- Molecular Weight
- 121449.13 Da
References
- Brater DC: Pharmacology of diuretics. Am J Med Sci. 2000 Jan;319(1):38-50. [Article]
- Davies DL, Wilson GM: Diuretics: mechanism of action and clinical application. Drugs. 1975;9(3):178-226. [Article]
- Vormfelde SV, Sehrt D, Toliat MR, Schirmer M, Meineke I, Tzvetkov M, Nurnberg P, Brockmoller J: Genetic variation in the renal sodium transporters NKCC2, NCC, and ENaC in relation to the effects of loop diuretic drugs. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2007 Sep;82(3):300-9. Epub 2007 Apr 25. [Article]
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
- Gimenez I: Molecular mechanisms and regulation of furosemide-sensitive Na-K-Cl cotransporters. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2006 Sep;15(5):517-23. doi: 10.1097/01.mnh.0000242178.44576.b0. [Article]
- Limmer F, Schinner E, Castrop H, Vitzthum H, Hofmann F, Schlossmann J: Regulation of the Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl(-) cotransporter by cGMP/cGMP-dependent protein kinase I after furosemide administration. FEBS J. 2015 Oct;282(19):3786-98. doi: 10.1111/febs.13376. Epub 2015 Jul 30. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function
- Essential for bone resorption and osteoclast differentiation (By similarity). Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. Can hydrate cyanamide to urea. Involved in the regulation of fluid secretion in...
- Gene Name
- CA2
- Uniprot ID
- P00918
- Uniprot Name
- Carbonic anhydrase 2
- Molecular Weight
- 29245.895 Da
References
- Ranjbar S, Ghobadi S, Khodarahmi R, Nemati H: Spectroscopic characterization of furosemide binding to human carbonic anhydrase II. Int J Biol Macromol. 2012 May 1;50(4):910-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.02.005. Epub 2012 Feb 16. [Article]
- Supuran CT: Diuretics: from classical carbonic anhydrase inhibitors to novel applications of the sulfonamides. Curr Pharm Des. 2008;14(7):641-8. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Agonist
- General Function
- G-protein coupled receptor activity
- Specific Function
- Acts as a receptor for kynurenic acid, an intermediate in the tryptophan metabolic pathway. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G-proteins that elicit calcium mobilization and inositol pho...
- Gene Name
- GPR35
- Uniprot ID
- Q9HC97
- Uniprot Name
- G-protein coupled receptor 35
- Molecular Weight
- 34071.89 Da
References
- Yang Y, Fu A, Wu X, Reagan JD: GPR35 is a target of the loop diuretic drugs bumetanide and furosemide. Pharmacology. 2012;89(1-2):13-7. doi: 10.1159/000335127. Epub 2012 Jan 10. [Article]
- Divorty N, Milligan G, Graham D, Nicklin SA: The Orphan Receptor GPR35 Contributes to Angiotensin II-Induced Hypertension and Cardiac Dysfunction in Mice. Am J Hypertens. 2018 Aug 3;31(9):1049-1058. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpy073. [Article]
- Divorty N, Mackenzie AE, Nicklin SA, Milligan G: G protein-coupled receptor 35: an emerging target in inflammatory and cardiovascular disease. Front Pharmacol. 2015 Mar 10;6:41. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00041. eCollection 2015. [Article]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) activity
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of 6-phosphogluconate to ribulose 5-phosphate and CO(2), with concomitant reduction of NADP to NADPH.
- Gene Name
- PGD
- Uniprot ID
- P52209
- Uniprot Name
- 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating
- Molecular Weight
- 53139.56 Da
References
- Akkemik E, Budak H, Ciftci M: Effects of some drugs on human erythrocyte 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase: an in vitro study. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2010 Aug;25(4):476-9. doi: 10.3109/14756360903257900. [Article]
- Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid binding
- Specific Function
- UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the...
- Gene Name
- UGT1A1
- Uniprot ID
- P22309
- Uniprot Name
- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1
- Molecular Weight
- 59590.91 Da
References
- Williams JA, Hyland R, Jones BC, Smith DA, Hurst S, Goosen TC, Peterkin V, Koup JR, Ball SE: Drug-drug interactions for UDP-glucuronosyltransferase substrates: a pharmacokinetic explanation for typically observed low exposure (AUCi/AUC) ratios. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Nov;32(11):1201-8. doi: 10.1124/dmd.104.000794. Epub 2004 Aug 10. [Article]
Carriers
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Toxic substance binding
- Specific Function
- Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloid...
- Gene Name
- ALB
- Uniprot ID
- P02768
- Uniprot Name
- Serum albumin
- Molecular Weight
- 69365.94 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity
- Specific Function
- Major thyroid hormone transport protein in serum.
- Gene Name
- SERPINA7
- Uniprot ID
- P05543
- Uniprot Name
- Thyroxine-binding globulin
- Molecular Weight
- 46324.12 Da
References
- Stockigt JR, Lim CF, Barlow JW, Wynne KN, Mohr VS, Topliss DJ, Hamblin PS, Sabto J: Interaction of furosemide with serum thyroxine-binding sites: in vivo and in vitro studies and comparison with other inhibitors. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1985 May;60(5):1025-31. doi: 10.1210/jcem-60-5-1025. [Article]
- CYTOMEL (liothyronine) FDA label [File]
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- InhibitorInducer
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Involved in the renal elimination of endogenous and exogenous organic anions. Functions as organic anion exchanger when the uptake of one molecule of organic anion is coupled with an efflux of one ...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A6
- Uniprot ID
- Q4U2R8
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 6
- Molecular Weight
- 61815.78 Da
References
- Kim GH, Na KY, Kim SY, Joo KW, Oh YK, Chae SW, Endou H, Han JS: Up-regulation of organic anion transporter 1 protein is induced by chronic furosemide or hydrochlorothiazide infusion in rat kidney. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003 Aug;18(8):1505-11. [Article]
- Hosoyamada M, Sekine T, Kanai Y, Endou H: Molecular cloning and functional expression of a multispecific organic anion transporter from human kidney. Am J Physiol. 1999 Jan;276(1 Pt 2):F122-8. [Article]
- Lu R, Chan BS, Schuster VL: Cloning of the human kidney PAH transporter: narrow substrate specificity and regulation by protein kinase C. Am J Physiol. 1999 Feb;276(2 Pt 2):F295-303. [Article]
- Uwai Y, Saito H, Hashimoto Y, Inui KI: Interaction and transport of thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics, and acetazolamide via rat renal organic anion transporter rOAT1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Oct;295(1):261-5. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Symporter activity
- Specific Function
- Sodium-ion dependent, high affinity carnitine transporter. Involved in the active cellular uptake of carnitine. Transports one sodium ion with one molecule of carnitine. Also transports organic cat...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A5
- Uniprot ID
- O76082
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 5
- Molecular Weight
- 62751.08 Da
References
- Ohashi R, Tamai I, Yabuuchi H, Nezu JI, Oku A, Sai Y, Shimane M, Tsuji A: Na(+)-dependent carnitine transport by organic cation transporter (OCTN2): its pharmacological and toxicological relevance. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Nov;291(2):778-84. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Plays an important role in the excretion/detoxification of endogenous and exogenous organic anions, especially from the brain and kidney. Involved in the transport basolateral of steviol, fexofenad...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A8
- Uniprot ID
- Q8TCC7
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 8
- Molecular Weight
- 59855.585 Da
References
- Cha SH, Sekine T, Fukushima JI, Kanai Y, Kobayashi Y, Goya T, Endou H: Identification and characterization of human organic anion transporter 3 expressing predominantly in the kidney. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 May;59(5):1277-86. [Article]
- Kusuhara H, Sekine T, Utsunomiya-Tate N, Tsuda M, Kojima R, Cha SH, Sugiyama Y, Kanai Y, Endou H: Molecular cloning and characterization of a new multispecific organic anion transporter from rat brain. J Biol Chem. 1999 May 7;274(19):13675-80. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates hepatobiliary excretion of numerous organic anions. May function as a cellular cisplatin transporter.
- Gene Name
- ABCC2
- Uniprot ID
- Q92887
- Uniprot Name
- Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1
- Molecular Weight
- 174205.64 Da
References
- Bakos E, Evers R, Sinko E, Varadi A, Borst P, Sarkadi B: Interactions of the human multidrug resistance proteins MRP1 and MRP2 with organic anions. Mol Pharmacol. 2000 Apr;57(4):760-8. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- May mediate the release of newly synthesized prostaglandins from cells, the transepithelial transport of prostaglandins, and the clearance of prostaglandins from the circulation. Transports PGD2, a...
- Gene Name
- SLCO2A1
- Uniprot ID
- Q92959
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1
- Molecular Weight
- 70043.33 Da
References
- Kanai N, Lu R, Satriano JA, Bao Y, Wolkoff AW, Schuster VL: Identification and characterization of a prostaglandin transporter. Science. 1995 May 12;268(5212):866-9. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates saturable uptake of estrone sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and related compounds.
- Gene Name
- SLC22A11
- Uniprot ID
- Q9NSA0
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 11
- Molecular Weight
- 59970.945 Da
References
- Cha SH, Sekine T, Kusuhara H, Yu E, Kim JY, Kim DK, Sugiyama Y, Kanai Y, Endou H: Molecular cloning and characterization of multispecific organic anion transporter 4 expressed in the placenta. J Biol Chem. 2000 Feb 11;275(6):4507-12. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at February 20, 2024 23:55