Identification
- Summary
Quinapril is an ACE inhibitor prodrug used to treat hypertension, congestive heart failure, and slow rate of progression of renal disease.
- Brand Names
- Accupril, Accuretic
- Generic Name
- Quinapril
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB00881
- Background
Quinapril is the ethyl ester prodrug of the non-sulfhydryl angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor quinaprilat.6,7 It is used to treat hypertension and heart failure.6,7 ACE inhibitors are commonly used as a first line therapy in the treatment of hypertension, along with thiazide diuretics or beta blockers.5
Quinapril was granted FDA approval on 19 November 1991.6 A combination tablet with hydrochlorothiazide was also approved on 28 December 1999.7
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational
- Structure
Structure for Quinapril (DB00881)
- Weight
- Average: 438.5161
Monoisotopic: 438.21547208 - Chemical Formula
- C25H30N2O5
- Synonyms
- Quinapril
- Quinaprilum
- External IDs
- C09AA06
Pharmacology
- Indication
Quinapril is indicated for the treatment of hypertension and as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of heart failure.6 Quinapril in combination with hydrochlorothiazide is indicated for the treatment of hypertension.7
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Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Adjunct therapy in management of Congestive heart failure •••••••••••• Management of Diabetic nephropathy ••• ••••• Used in combination to manage Hypertension Combination Product in combination with: Hydrochlorothiazide (DB00999) •••••••••••• Management of Hypertension ••• ••••• ••••••••• Management of Hypertension •••••••••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Quinapril is a prodrug of an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used in the treatment of hypertension or adjunct in the treatment of heart failure.1,2,6 Quinapril has a wide therapeutic window and a long duration of action as it is given in doses of 10-80mg once daily.6
- Mechanism of action
Angiotensin II constricts coronary blood vessels and is positively inotropic, which under normal circumstances, would increase vascular resistance and oxygen consumption.4 This action can eventually lead to myocyte hypertrophy and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation.4 Angiotensin II also stimulates production of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), increasing the risk of thrombosis.2
Quinaprilat prevents the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II by inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme, and also reduces the breakdown of bradykinin.1,2 Reduced levels of angiotensin II lead to lower levels of PAI-1, reducing the risk of thrombosis, especially after a myocardial infarction.2
Target Actions Organism AAngiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitorHumans - Absorption
Quinapril if 50-80% bioavailable.1 Quinapril has a Tmax of <1 hour,6 while quinaprilat has a Tmax of 2.5h.1 The Cmax of quinaprilat is highly variable but reaches 1526ng/mL with an AUC of 2443ng*h/mL in healthy males given a 10mg dose.1 A high fat meal reduces the absorption of quinapril by 25-30%.1
- Volume of distribution
The mean volume of distribution of quinaprilat is 13.9L.1
- Protein binding
Quinapril and the active metabolite quinaprilat are 97% protein bound in plasma.6,7
- Metabolism
Quinapril is de-esterified to the active quinaprilat or dehydrated to form the inactive PD109488.1,3 PD109488 can undergo O-deethylation to form another inactive metabolite, PD113413.1,3
Hover over products below to view reaction partners
- Route of elimination
Quinaprilat is up to 96% eliminated in the urine.6 The eliminated metabolites PD109488 and PD113413 account for approximately 6% of a dose of quinapril each.1,3 A small fraction of the dose recovered in the urine is accounted for by unmetabolized quinapril.3
- Half-life
The active metabolite quinaprilat has an elimination half life of 2.3 hours.1,6
- Clearance
The clearance of quinaprilat is 68mL/min.1
- Adverse Effects
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The oral LD50 in rats is 3541mg/kg and in mice is 1739mg/kg.8
Patients experiencing an overdose may present with symptoms of severe hypotension.6,7 Due to the extensive protein binding of quinapril and the active metabolite quinaprilat, hemodialysis is not expected to remove the drug from circulation.6,7 Treat patients with symptomatic and supportive measures, including normal saline infusions to restore normal blood pressure.6,7
- Pathways
Pathway Category Quinapril Metabolism Pathway Drug metabolism Quinapril Action Pathway Drug action - Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs Browse all" title="About SNP Mediated Effects/ADRs" id="snp-actions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions Learn More" title="About Drug Interactions" id="structured-interactions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbaloparatide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Quinapril is combined with Abaloparatide. Acebutolol Quinapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Acebutolol. Aceclofenac The risk or severity of renal failure, hyperkalemia, and hypertension can be increased when Aceclofenac is combined with Quinapril. Acemetacin The risk or severity of renal failure, hyperkalemia, and hypertension can be increased when Acemetacin is combined with Quinapril. Acetylsalicylic acid The therapeutic efficacy of Quinapril can be decreased when used in combination with Acetylsalicylic acid. - Food Interactions
- Avoid fatty foods.
- Avoid hypertensive herbs (e.g. bayberry, blue cohosh, cayenne, ephedra, and licorice).
- Avoid potassium-containing products. Potassium products increase the risk of hyperkalemia.
- Limit salt intake. Salt may attenuate the antihypertensive effect.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Quinapril Hydrochloride 33067B3N2M 82586-55-8 IBBLRJGOOANPTQ-JKVLGAQCSA-N - Active Moieties
Name Kind UNII CAS InChI Key Quinaprilat prodrug 34SSX5LDE5 82768-85-2 FLSLEGPOVLMJMN-YSSFQJQWSA-N - Product Images
- International/Other Brands
- Accuprin (Pfizer (Italy)) / Accupro (Pfizer (Austria, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Ukraine), Godecke (Czech Republic, Germany, Poland, Russia), Parke, Davis (Germany)) / Acequin / Acuitel / Korec / Quinazil
- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Accupril Tablet, film coated 5 mg/1 Oral Parke-Davis Div of Pfizer Inc 2019-11-19 2019-11-19 US 
Accupril Tablet, film coated 10 mg/1 Oral Parke-Davis Div of Pfizer Inc 1991-11-19 Not applicable US Accupril Tablet, film coated 40 mg/1 Oral bryant ranch prepack 1991-11-19 2006-12-01 US Accupril Tablet, film coated 40 mg/1 Oral Physicians Total Care, Inc. 1994-12-05 2011-06-30 US Accupril Tablet, film coated 20 mg/1 Oral Parke-Davis Div of Pfizer Inc 2019-11-19 2019-11-19 US - Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Apo-quinapril Tablet 40 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 2013-07-02 Not applicable Canada 
Apo-quinapril Tablet 5 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 2013-07-02 Not applicable Canada Apo-quinapril Tablet 20 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 2013-07-02 Not applicable Canada Apo-quinapril Tablet 10 mg Oral Apotex Corporation 2013-07-02 Not applicable Canada Gd-quinapril Tablet 20 mg Oral Genmed A Division Of Pfizer Canada Ulc 2014-06-02 2019-04-16 Canada - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image ACCURETIC Quinapril (20 MG) + Hydrochlorothiazide (6.25 MG) Tablet, coated Oral Pfizer Italia S.R.L. 2014-07-08 2020-09-19 Italy 
Accuretic Quinapril Hydrochloride (20 mg) + Hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 mg) Tablet Oral Pfizer Canada Ulc 1998-10-01 Not applicable Canada Accuretic Quinapril Hydrochloride (10 mg/1) + Hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 mg/1) Tablet, film coated Oral Parke-Davis Div of Pfizer Inc 2021-11-29 Not applicable US Accuretic Quinapril Hydrochloride (10 mg/1) + Hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 mg/1) Tablet, film coated Oral Parke-Davis Div of Pfizer Inc 1999-12-28 2022-04-30 US ACCURETIC Quinapril (20 MG) + Hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 MG) Tablet, coated Oral Pfizer Italia S.R.L. 2014-07-08 Not applicable Italy
Categories
- ATC Codes
- C09AA06 — Quinapril
- C09AA — ACE inhibitors, plain
- C09A — ACE INHIBITORS, PLAIN
- C09 — AGENTS ACTING ON THE RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM
- C — CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- Drug Categories
- ACE Inhibitors and Diuretics
- Agents Acting on the Renin-Angiotensin System
- Agents causing angioedema
- Agents causing hyperkalemia
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
- Antihypertensive Agents
- Antihypertensive Agents Indicated for Hypertension
- Cardiovascular Agents
- Enzyme Inhibitors
- Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring
- Hypotensive Agents
- Isoquinolines
- OAT3/SLC22A8 Substrates
- Protease Inhibitors
- Tetrahydroisoquinolines
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dipeptides. These are organic compounds containing a sequence of exactly two alpha-amino acids joined by a peptide bond.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organic acids and derivatives
- Class
- Carboxylic acids and derivatives
- Sub Class
- Amino acids, peptides, and analogues
- Direct Parent
- Dipeptides
- Alternative Parents
- Alpha amino acid esters / N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acids / Alpha amino acid amides / Tetrahydroisoquinolines / Fatty acid esters / Aralkylamines / Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Tertiary carboxylic acid amides / Amino acids show 8 more
- Substituents
- Alpha-amino acid amide / Alpha-amino acid ester / Alpha-amino acid or derivatives / Alpha-dipeptide / Amine / Amino acid / Amino acid or derivatives / Aralkylamine / Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound / Azacycle show 22 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- dicarboxylic acid monoester, ethyl ester, isoquinolines (CHEBI:8713)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- RJ84Y44811
- CAS number
- 85441-61-8
- InChI Key
- JSDRRTOADPPCHY-HSQYWUDLSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C25H30N2O5/c1-3-32-25(31)21(14-13-18-9-5-4-6-10-18)26-17(2)23(28)27-16-20-12-8-7-11-19(20)15-22(27)24(29)30/h4-12,17,21-22,26H,3,13-16H2,1-2H3,(H,29,30)/t17-,21-,22-/m0/s1
- IUPAC Name
- (3S)-2-[(2S)-2-{[(2S)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl]amino}propanoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid
- SMILES
- CCOC(=O)[C@H](CCC1=CC=CC=C1)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N1CC2=CC=CC=C2C[C@H]1C(O)=O
References
- Synthesis Reference
Om P. Goel, Uldis Krolls, "Crystalline quinapril and a process for producing the same." U.S. Patent US4761479, issued August, 1982.
US4761479- General References
- Kieback AG, Felix SB, Reffelmann T: Quinaprilat: a review of its pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, toxicological data and clinical application. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2009 Oct;5(10):1337-47. doi: 10.1517/17425250903282773. [Article]
- Tsikouris JP, Suarez JA, Meyerrose GE, Ziska M, Fike D, Smith J: Questioning a class effect: does ACE inhibitor tissue penetration influence the degree of fibrinolytic balance alteration following an acute myocardial infarction? J Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Feb;44(2):150-7. [Article]
- Kaplan HR, Taylor DG, Olson SC, Andrews LK: Quinapril--a preclinical review of the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology. Angiology. 1989 Apr;40(4 Pt 2):335-50. doi: 10.1177/000331978904000403. [Article]
- Goa KL, Balfour JA, Zuanetti G: Lisinopril. A review of its pharmacology and clinical efficacy in the early management of acute myocardial infarction. Drugs. 1996 Oct;52(4):564-88. doi: 10.2165/00003495-199652040-00011. [Article]
- Wright JM, Musini VM, Gill R: First-line drugs for hypertension. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Apr 18;4:CD001841. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001841.pub3. [Article]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Quinapril Oral Tablet [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Quinapril and Hydrochlorothiazide Oral Tablets [Link]
- Cayman Chemicals: Quinapril MSDS [Link]
- Pfizer Canada: Quinapril Oral Tablets [Link]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0015019
- KEGG Drug
- D03752
- KEGG Compound
- C07398
- PubChem Compound
- 54892
- PubChem Substance
- 46506309
- ChemSpider
- 49565
- BindingDB
- 50368166
- 35208
- ChEBI
- 8713
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL1592
- ZINC
- ZINC000003801163
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DAP000588
- PharmGKB
- PA451205
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- PDRhealth
- PDRhealth Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Quinapril
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Completed Not Available Autonomic Neuropathy, Diabetic 1 4 Completed Not Available Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) 1 4 Completed Prevention Atrial Fibrillation 1 4 Completed Treatment Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) / Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) / Hypertension, Essential Hypertension / Stroke 1 4 Completed Treatment Diabetes Mellitus 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Pfizer pharmaceuticals ltd
- Actavis totowa llc
- Apotex inc
- Genpharm inc
- Invagen pharmaceuticals inc
- Lupin ltd
- Mylan pharmaceuticals inc
- Ranbaxy laboratories ltd
- Sandoz inc
- Sun pharmaceutical industries ltd
- Teva pharmaceuticals usa inc
- Watson laboratories inc florida
- Packagers
- Actavis Group
- Apotex Inc.
- A-S Medication Solutions LLC
- Atlantic Biologicals Corporation
- Aurobindo Pharma Ltd.
- Cardinal Health
- Direct Dispensing Inc.
- Dispensing Solutions
- Doctor Reddys Laboratories Ltd.
- Eon Labs
- Goedecke GmbH
- Greenstone LLC
- Heartland Repack Services LLC
- InvaGen Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Lupin Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
- Mylan
- Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Ohm Laboratories Inc.
- PCA LLC
- PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Pfizer Inc.
- Pharmaceutical Utilization Management Program VA Inc.
- Pharmacia Inc.
- Physicians Total Care Inc.
- Prepackage Specialists
- Ranbaxy Laboratories
- Rebel Distributors Corp.
- Resource Optimization and Innovation LLC
- Southwood Pharmaceuticals
- Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Tablet, coated Oral 10 mg Tablet, coated Oral 40 mg Tablet Oral 5 mg Tablet Oral 10 mg Tablet Oral 20 mg Tablet Oral 40 mg Injection, solution Intravenous 5 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 10 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 20 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 5 MG Tablet, film coated Oral Tablet Oral 10 mg/1 Tablet Oral 20 mg/1 Tablet Oral 40 mg/1 Tablet Oral 5 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral 10 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral 20 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral 40 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral 5 mg/1 Tablet, coated Oral Tablet, film coated Oral Tablet Oral Injection, solution Intravenous 5 MG/5ML Solution Intravenous 5 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 40 MG Tablet, coated Oral 20 mg Tablet, coated Oral 5 mg - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Accupril 10 mg tablet 2.02USD tablet Accupril 20 mg tablet 2.02USD tablet Accupril 40 mg tablet 2.02USD tablet Accupril 5 mg tablet 2.02USD tablet Quinapril 10 mg tablet 1.57USD tablet Quinapril 20 mg tablet 1.57USD tablet Quinapril 40 mg tablet 1.57USD tablet Quinapril 5 mg tablet 1.57USD tablet Quinapril HCl 10 mg tablet 1.27USD tablet Quinapril HCl 20 mg tablet 1.27USD tablet Quinapril HCl 40 mg tablet 1.27USD tablet Quinapril HCl 5 mg tablet 1.27USD tablet Quinaretic 10-12.5 mg tablet 1.27USD tablet Quinaretic 20-12.5 mg tablet 1.27USD tablet Quinaretic 20-25 mg tablet 1.27USD tablet Accupril 10 mg Tablet 0.96USD tablet Accupril 20 mg Tablet 0.96USD tablet Accupril 40 mg Tablet 0.96USD tablet Accupril 5 mg Tablet 0.96USD tablet DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
Patent Number Pediatric Extension Approved Expires (estimated) Region US5684016 No 1997-11-04 2015-05-04 US CA2023089 No 2003-01-14 2010-08-10 Canada CA1331615 No 1994-08-23 2011-08-23 Canada
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 120-130 °C Chemspider logP 0.86 Pfizer Canada Monograph pKa 2.8 Pfizer Canada Monograph - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.0085 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 1.4 ALOGPS logP 1.96 Chemaxon logS -4.7 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 3.7 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 5.2 Chemaxon Physiological Charge -1 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 5 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 2 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 95.94 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 10 Chemaxon Refractivity 119.96 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 47.36 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 3 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter Yes Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule Yes Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.5597 Blood Brain Barrier - 0.9409 Caco-2 permeable - 0.8208 P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.8895 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Inhibitor 0.7344 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Inhibitor 0.5869 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.8258 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8594 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.8412 CYP450 3A4 substrate Substrate 0.5356 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.8597 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.6832 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8636 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.6016 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.5347 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity High CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.5162 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.9091 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.9294 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.9596 Rat acute toxicity 2.2690 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9763 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Inhibitor 0.7176
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 225.6050325 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 195.3161 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 225.4173325 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 197.71169 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 225.8529325 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 203.62419 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function
- Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II by release of the terminal His-Leu, this results in an increase of the vasoconstrictor activity of angiotensin. Also able to inactivate bradykinin, a potent...
- Gene Name
- ACE
- Uniprot ID
- P12821
- Uniprot Name
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme
- Molecular Weight
- 149713.675 Da
References
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
- Culy CR, Jarvis B: Quinapril: a further update of its pharmacology and therapeutic use in cardiovascular disorders. Drugs. 2002;62(2):339-85. [Article]
- Klutchko S, Blankley CJ, Fleming RW, Hinkley JM, Werner AE, Nordin I, Holmes A, Hoefle ML, Cohen DM, Essenburg AD, et al.: Synthesis of novel angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor quinapril and related compounds. A divergence of structure-activity relationships for non-sulfhydryl and sulfhydryl types. J Med Chem. 1986 Oct;29(10):1953-61. [Article]
- Song JC, White CM: Clinical pharmacokinetics and selective pharmacodynamics of new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors: an update. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2002;41(3):207-24. [Article]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Triglyceride lipase activity
- Specific Function
- Involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics and in the activation of ester and amide prodrugs. Hydrolyzes aromatic and aliphatic esters, but has no catalytic activity toward amides or a fatty acy...
- Gene Name
- CES1
- Uniprot ID
- P23141
- Uniprot Name
- Liver carboxylesterase 1
- Molecular Weight
- 62520.62 Da
References
- Tarkiainen EK, Tornio A, Holmberg MT, Launiainen T, Neuvonen PJ, Backman JT, Niemi M: Effect of carboxylesterase 1 c.428G > A single nucleotide variation on the pharmacokinetics of quinapril and enalapril. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2015 Nov;80(5):1131-8. doi: 10.1111/bcp.12667. Epub 2015 Jun 11. [Article]
Carriers
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Toxic substance binding
- Specific Function
- Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloid...
- Gene Name
- ALB
- Uniprot ID
- P02768
- Uniprot Name
- Serum albumin
- Molecular Weight
- 69365.94 Da
References
- Shi JH, Pan DQ, Jiang M, Liu TT, Wang Q: In vitro study on binding interaction of quinapril with bovine serum albumin (BSA) using multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking methods. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 2017 Aug;35(10):2211-2223. doi: 10.1080/07391102.2016.1213663. Epub 2016 Aug 7. [Article]
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Proton-dependent oligopeptide secondary active transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Proton-coupled intake of oligopeptides of 2 to 4 amino acids with a preference for dipeptides. May constitute a major route for the absorption of protein digestion end-products.
- Gene Name
- SLC15A1
- Uniprot ID
- P46059
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 15 member 1
- Molecular Weight
- 78805.265 Da
References
- Knutter I, Wollesky C, Kottra G, Hahn MG, Fischer W, Zebisch K, Neubert RH, Daniel H, Brandsch M: Transport of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors by H+/peptide transporters revisited. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2008 Nov;327(2):432-41. doi: 10.1124/jpet.108.143339. Epub 2008 Aug 19. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Peptide:proton symporter activity
- Specific Function
- Proton-coupled intake of oligopeptides of 2 to 4 amino acids with a preference for dipeptides.
- Gene Name
- SLC15A2
- Uniprot ID
- Q16348
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 15 member 2
- Molecular Weight
- 81782.77 Da
References
- Knutter I, Wollesky C, Kottra G, Hahn MG, Fischer W, Zebisch K, Neubert RH, Daniel H, Brandsch M: Transport of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors by H+/peptide transporters revisited. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2008 Nov;327(2):432-41. doi: 10.1124/jpet.108.143339. Epub 2008 Aug 19. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- Curator comments
- Quinaprilat is the active metabolite of quinapril; its substrate profile was demonstrated in vitro using HEK293 cells.
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Plays an important role in the excretion/detoxification of endogenous and exogenous organic anions, especially from the brain and kidney. Involved in the transport basolateral of steviol, fexofenad...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A8
- Uniprot ID
- Q8TCC7
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 8
- Molecular Weight
- 59855.585 Da
References
- VanWert AL, Gionfriddo MR, Sweet DH: Organic anion transporters: discovery, pharmacology, regulation and roles in pathophysiology. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2010 Jan;31(1):1-71. doi: 10.1002/bdd.693. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at February 20, 2024 23:55