Ethanol

Identification

Brand Names
Dalmacol, Gattex, Healing Waters Aloe Cucumber Hand Sanitizer, Healing Waters Cotton Blossom Hand Sanitizer, Healing Waters Lemon Verbena Hand Sanitizer, Healing Waters Peach Nectarine Hand Sanitizer, Lupaneta Pack 1-month, Viva-drops Lubricating Eye Drops
Generic Name
Ethanol
DrugBank Accession Number
DB00898
Background

A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in alcoholic beverages.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved
Structure
Weight
Average: 46.0684
Monoisotopic: 46.041864814
Chemical Formula
C2H6O
Synonyms
  • 1-Hydroxyethane
  • Alcohol
  • Alcohol (ethyl)
  • Alcohol anhydrous
  • Alcohol denatured
  • Alcohol etílico
  • Alcohol, denatured
  • Alcool éthylique
  • Alkohol
  • Äthanol
  • Äthylalkohol
  • Dehydrated alcohol
  • Dehydrated ethanol
  • etanol
  • éthanol
  • Ethyl Alcohol
  • Grain alcohol
  • Hydroxyethane
  • Methylcarbinol
  • Spiritus vini
External IDs
  • B3324
  • Caswell No. 426
  • Fema no. 2419
  • NCI-C03134
  • NSC-85228
  • PM-6193-200
  • USAF EK-1597

Pharmacology

Indication

For therapeutic neurolysis of nerves or ganglia for the relief of intractable chronic pain in such conditions as inoperable cancer and trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux), in patients for whom neurosurgical procedures are contraindicated.

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Prophylaxis ofBacterial infection••• •••
Management ofHypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy••• •••••
Used in combination for symptomatic treatment ofSkin irritationCombination Product in combination with: Levomenthol (DB00825)••• •••••••••
Used in combination for prophylaxis ofSkin bacterial infectionCombination Product in combination with: Levomenthol (DB00825)••• •••••••••
Used in combination for prophylaxis ofSkin bacterial infectionCombination Product in combination with: Levomenthol (DB00825)••• •••••••••••
Associated Therapies
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Alcohol produces injury to cells by dehydration and precipitation of the cytoplasm or protoplasm. This accounts for its bacteriocidal and antifungal action. When alcohol is injected in close proximity to nerve tissues, it produces neuritis and nerve degeneration (neurolysis). Ninety to 98% of ethanol that enters the body is completely oxidized. Ethanol is also used as a cosolvent to dissolve many insoluble drugs and to serve as a mild sedative in some medicinal formulations. Ethanol also binds to GABA, glycine, NMDA receptors and modulates their effects. Ethanol is also metabolised by the hepatic enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase.

Mechanism of action

Ethanol affects the brain’s neurons in several ways. It alters their membranes as well as their ion channels, enzymes, and receptors. Alcohol also binds directly to the receptors for acetylcholine, serotonin, GABA, and the NMDA receptors for glutamate. The sedative effects of ethanol are mediated through binding to GABA receptors and glycine receptors (alpha 1 and alpha 2 subunits). It also inhibits NMDA receptor functioning. In its role as an anti-infective, ethanol acts as an osmolyte or dehydrating agent that disrupts the osmotic balance across cell membranes.

TargetActionsOrganism
AGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1
agonist
Humans
AGlutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A
antagonist
Humans
AGlycine receptor subunit alpha-1
agonist
Humans
AGlycine receptor subunit alpha-2
agonist
Humans
UVoltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1Not AvailableHumans
U5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3ANot AvailableHumans
UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Not AvailableHumans
UNeuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-10Not AvailableHumans
UVoltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1CNot AvailableHumans
UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5Not AvailableHumans
UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4Not AvailableHumans
UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3Not AvailableHumans
UGlutamate receptor 1Not AvailableHumans
UVoltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunitNot AvailableHumans
UNeuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2Not AvailableHumans
UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6Not AvailableHumans
UGlutamate receptor 2Not AvailableHumans
UGlutamate receptor 4Not AvailableHumans
UGlutamate receptor 3Not AvailableHumans
UNeuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4Not AvailableHumans
UNeuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2Not AvailableHumans
UG protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1Not AvailableHumans
UG protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2Not AvailableHumans
UVascular cell adhesion protein 1Not AvailableHumans
UEquilibrative nucleoside transporter 1Not AvailableHumans
UG protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4Not AvailableHumans
UNeuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7Not AvailableHumans
UNeuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9Not AvailableHumans
UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1Not AvailableHumans
UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Not AvailableHumans
UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Not AvailableHumans
UVoltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1SNot AvailableHumans
UVoltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1DNot AvailableHumans
UNeuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-4Not AvailableHumans
UNeuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3Not AvailableHumans
UNeuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-5Not AvailableHumans
UNeuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-6Not AvailableHumans
UNeuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-3Not AvailableHumans
UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1Not AvailableHumans
UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3Not AvailableHumans
UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilonNot AvailableHumans
UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit piNot AvailableHumans
UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit thetaNot AvailableHumans
UGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit deltaNot AvailableHumans
UEquilibrative nucleoside transporter 2Not AvailableHumans
U5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3ENot AvailableHumans
U5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3BNot AvailableHumans
U5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3DNot AvailableHumans
U5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3CNot AvailableHumans
UVoltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunitNot AvailableHumans
UG protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 3Not AvailableHumans
UNeural cell adhesion molecule L1Not AvailableHumans
UAcetylcholinesterase
activator
Humans
NAlcohol dehydrogenase class 4 mu/sigma chain
substrate
Humans
Absorption

Rapidly absorbed.

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism

Hepatic. Metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2E1.

Hover over products below to view reaction partners

Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Oral, rat LD50: 5628 mg/kg. Symptoms and effects of overdose include nausea, vomiting, CNS depression, acute respiratory failure or death and with chronic use, severe health problems, such as liver and brain damage.

Pathways
PathwayCategory
Disulfiram Action PathwayDrug action
Ethanol DegradationMetabolic
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs Browse all" title="About SNP Mediated Effects/ADRs" id="snp-actions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions Learn More" title="About Drug Interactions" id="structured-interactions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
1,2-Benzodiazepine1,2-Benzodiazepine may increase the central nervous system depressant (CNS depressant) activities of Ethanol.
AbaloparatideEthanol may increase the hypotensive activities of Abaloparatide.
AbametapirThe serum concentration of Ethanol can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir.
AbataceptThe metabolism of Ethanol can be increased when combined with Abatacept.
AbemaciclibThe metabolism of Abemaciclib can be increased when combined with Ethanol.
Food Interactions
No interactions found.

Products

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International/Other Brands
Dehydrated ethanol
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
DehydratedSolution9.8 mg/1mLIntraspinalFisiopharma Srl2017-12-292019-11-21US flag
DehydratedSolution9.8 mg/1mLIntraspinalFisiopharma Srl2017-12-292019-11-21US flag
Dehydrated AlcoholInjection0.98 mL/1mLIntraspinalFlon Laboratories Llc2017-04-01Not applicableUS flag
Dehydrated AlcoholSolution0.98 mL/1mLIntraspinalValesco Pharmaceuticals1990-09-30Not applicableUS flag
Dehydrated AlcoholInjection, solution0.98 mL/1mLIntraspinalAMERICAN REGENT, INC.1990-09-302018-04-30US flag
Over the Counter Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
`WILISAN METHYLATED SPIRIT`LiquidTopicalCHONG PARK PHARMACEUTICAL SDN BHD2020-09-08Not applicableMalaysia flag
(Biotemed) Instant Hand SanitizerGel70 mL/100mLTopicalQingdao Health Ocean Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd.2020-05-20Not applicableUS flag
(CPL) Hand SanitiserLiquid80 mL/100mLTopicalJiangsu Snow Leopard Household Chemical Co., Ltd.2020-05-20Not applicableUS flag
(ETHANOL62%) Dr keeps gel (ETHANOL)Gel62 mL/100mLTopicalTHE GUNG CO LTD2020-04-04Not applicableUS flag
(ETHANOL70%) Dr keeps one gel (ETHANOL)Gel70 mL/100mLTopicalTHE GUNG CO LTD2020-04-04Not applicableUS flag
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
(Fruli) Hand Antiseptic Rinse Free GelEthanol (66 mL/100mL) + Propyl alcohol (11 mg/100mL)GelTopicalShandong Zhuojian Medical Technology Co., Ltd.2020-05-01Not applicableUS flag
(Fruli) Quick-Dry Disposable Hand SanitizerEthanol (70 mL/100mL) + Chlorhexidine gluconate (0.5 mg/100mL)LiquidTopicalShandong Zhuojian Medical Technology Co., Ltd.2020-05-01Not applicableUS flag
(Qiqing) Chlorhexidine Gluconate Alcohol DisinfectantEthanol (75 mL/100mL) + Chlorhexidine gluconate (0.45 mg/100mL)LiquidTopicalQingdao precision medical technology co., LTD. Zibo branch2020-05-01Not applicableUS flag
10 Person ANSIEthanol (60 mL/100mL) + Acetaminophen (325 mg/1) + Acetylsalicylic acid (325 mg/1) + Bacitracin zinc (400 [iU]/1g) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.13 g/100g) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.40 mL/100mL) + Benzocaine (6 mL/100mL) + Ibuprofen (200 mg/1) + Lidocaine (0.5 1/100g) + Neomycin sulfate (5 mg/1g) + Polymyxin B sulfate (5000 [iU]/1g) + Water (98.6 mL/100mL)KitOphthalmic; Oral; TopicalGenuine First Aid2010-04-24Not applicableUS flag
25 Person ANSIEthanol (60 mL/100mL) + Ethanol (62 g/100g) + Acetaminophen (325 mg/1) + Acetylsalicylic acid (325 mg/1) + Bacitracin zinc (400 [iU]/1g) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.13 g/100g) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.40 mL/100mL) + Benzocaine (6 mL/100mL) + Ibuprofen (200 mg/1) + Isopropyl alcohol (70 mL/100mL) + Lidocaine (0.5 g/100g) + Neomycin sulfate (5 mg/1g) + Polymyxin B sulfate (5000 [iU]/1g) + Water (98.6 mL/100mL)KitOphthalmic; Oral; TopicalGenuine First Aid2010-04-25Not applicableUS flag
Unapproved/Other Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
4006 First Aid KitEthanol (665 mL/1L)KitTopicalHoneywell Safety Products USA, Inc.2018-10-132019-10-18US flag
4007 First Aid KitEthanol (665 mL/1L) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (2 g/100mL)Gel; Kit; LiquidTopicalHoneywell Safety Products USA, Inc.2018-09-12Not applicableUS flag
4013 First Aid KitEthanol (665 mL/1L) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (2 g/100mL)Gel; Kit; LiquidTopicalHoneywell Safety Products USA, Inc.2018-09-12Not applicableUS flag
4017 First Aid KitEthanol (0.5 mL/1mL) + Acetaminophen (325 mg/1) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.13 g/100g) + Benzalkonium chloride (1.3 mg/1mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (20 mg/1mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (0.5 g/100g) + Neomycin sulfate (3.5 mg/1g) + Water (98.6 mL/100mL)Cream; Kit; Liquid; Ointment; Swab; TabletOphthalmic; Oral; TopicalHoneywell Safety Products USA, Inc2018-10-18Not applicableUS flag
4020 First Aid KitEthanol (665 mL/1L)KitTopicalHoneywell Safety Products USA, Inc.2018-10-132018-10-14US flag

Categories

ATC Codes
V03AB16 — EthanolV03AZ01 — EthanolD08AX08 — Ethanol
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as primary alcohols. These are compounds comprising the primary alcohol functional group, with the general structure RCOH (R=alkyl, aryl).
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Organic oxygen compounds
Class
Organooxygen compounds
Sub Class
Alcohols and polyols
Direct Parent
Primary alcohols
Alternative Parents
Hydrocarbon derivatives
Substituents
Aliphatic acyclic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Primary alcohol
Molecular Framework
Aliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
primary alcohol, alkyl alcohol, ethanols (CHEBI:16236) / a primary alcohol, a short-chain alcohol (ETOH)
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
3K9958V90M
CAS number
64-17-5
InChI Key
LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C2H6O/c1-2-3/h3H,2H2,1H3
IUPAC Name
ethanol
SMILES
CCO

References

Synthesis Reference

William S. Hedrick, "Process for ethanol production from cellulosic materials." U.S. Patent US4650689, issued June, 1917.

US4650689
General References
  1. Snyder R, Kalf GF: A perspective on benzene leukemogenesis. Crit Rev Toxicol. 1994;24(3):177-209. [Article]
  2. Chastain G: Alcohol, neurotransmitter systems, and behavior. J Gen Psychol. 2006 Oct;133(4):329-35. [Article]
  3. McDonnell G, Russell AD: Antiseptics and disinfectants: activity, action, and resistance. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1999 Jan;12(1):147-79. [Article]
  4. Barceloux DG, Bond GR, Krenzelok EP, Cooper H, Vale JA: American Academy of Clinical Toxicology practice guidelines on the treatment of methanol poisoning. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2002;40(4):415-46. [Article]
  5. Hingson R, Winter M: Epidemiology and consequences of drinking and driving. Alcohol Res Health. 2003;27(1):63-78. [Article]
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0000108
KEGG Drug
D00068
KEGG Compound
C00469
PubChem Compound
702
PubChem Substance
46506969
ChemSpider
682
RxNav
448
ChEBI
16236
ChEMBL
CHEMBL545
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP000681
PharmGKB
PA448073
Guide to Pharmacology
GtP Drug Page
PDBe Ligand
EOH
RxList
RxList Drug Page
Drugs.com
Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia
Ethanol
PDB Entries
1a7s / 1ab1 / 1adb / 1adc / 1alz / 1cbn / 1cll / 1cnr / 1dba / 1drb
show 281 more
MSDS
Download (73.1 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4CompletedNot AvailableHealthy Subjects (HS)1
4CompletedBasic ScienceInsomnia1
4CompletedOtherChronic Lower Back Pain (CLBP) / Neck Pain Chronic1
4CompletedOtherHand Hygiene Effectiveness1
4CompletedOtherHealthy Subjects (HS)1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
  • Miles laboratories inc
Packagers
  • American Regent
  • Cixi Zhixin Bird Clean Care Products Co. Ltd.
  • Hope Pharmaceuticals
  • Hospira Inc.
  • Humco
  • Luitpold Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Mead Johnson and Co.
  • Medical Techniques LLC
  • Prometic Pharma Inc.
  • Weleda Inc.
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
SolutionTopical80 % w/w
GelTopical62 mL/1
SprayTopical3028 mL/3785mL
ClothExtracorporeal3 mL/1
GelTopical36.7 mL/59.2mL
SolutionTopical70 mL/70mL
LiquidTopical62 mL/1
LiquidTopical73.7 mL/100mL
LotionTopical
LotionTopical530.7 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical496 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical548 mg/1mL
GelTopical577.7 mg/1mL
GelTopical541 mg/1mL
LotionTopical66.5 g
Gel; kit; liquidTopical
Cream; kit; liquid; ointment; swab; tabletOphthalmic; Oral; Topical
KitRespiratory (inhalation); Topical
Kit; liquid; swabOphthalmic; Topical
Gel; kit; liquid; swabTopical
Cream; gel; kit; liquid; ointment; swabOphthalmic; Topical
Kit; liquidOphthalmic; Topical
Gel; kit; liquid; swabOphthalmic; Topical
Cream; kit; liquid; swabTopical
KitOphthalmic; Oral; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical
KitOphthalmic; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical
Kit; liquid; ointment; swabOphthalmic; Topical
Cream; kit; liquid; ointment; swabOphthalmic; Topical
Gel; inhalant; kit; liquid; ointment; swabOphthalmic; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical
Gel; kit; liquid; ointment; swabOphthalmic; Topical
Cream; inhalant; kit; swab; tabletOral; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical
Cream; kit; liquid; swabOphthalmic; Topical
Inhalant; kit; liquid; ointment; spray; swab; tabletOphthalmic; Oral; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical
Cream; kit; liquid; ointment; swabTopical
Inhalant; kit; swabRespiratory (inhalation); Topical
Gel; kit; liquid; ointment; solution; swabOphthalmic; Topical
Gel; kit; liquid; ointmentTopical
Gel; kit; liquid; ointment; swabTopical
Kit; liquid; ointment; swab; tabletOphthalmic; Oral; Topical
Kit; liquid; ointment; swab; tabletOral; Topical
Cream; kit; liquid; ointment; spray; swabOphthalmic; Topical
Gel; kit; liquid; ointment; swab; tabletOral; Topical
Cream; kit; liquid; ointment; swab; tabletOral; Topical
Cream; kit; liquid; swab; tabletOral; Topical
Kit; liquid; ointmentOphthalmic; Topical
KitIrrigation; Ophthalmic; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical
Cream; irrigant; kit; liquid; ointment; swabIrrigation; Ophthalmic; Topical
Irrigant; kit; liquid; swabIrrigation; Ophthalmic; Topical
KitIrrigation; Oral; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical
KitIrrigation; Ophthalmic; Oral; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical
Cream; kit; ointment; swabTopical
Kit; liquid; ointment; spray; swab; tabletOphthalmic; Oral; Topical
Kit; liquid; ointment; swabTopical
Aerosol, sprayTopical80.751 g/100g
GelExtracorporeal146.32 mL/236mL
SwabTopical62 mL/100mL
SprayTopical1514 mL/1893mL
SoapTopical0.07 mg/1mL
GelTopical38.5 mL/55mL
ClothTopical0.75 g/1g
SprayExtracorporeal45 mL/60mL
SprayExtracorporeal75 mL/100mL
GelExtracorporeal210 mL/300mL
GelExtracorporeal350 mL/500mL
GelExtracorporeal225 mL/300mL
GelExtracorporeal170 mL/250mL
GelExtracorporeal176.8 mL/260mL
GelExtracorporeal19.72 mL/29mL
GelExtracorporeal204 mL/300mL
GelExtracorporeal340 mL/500mL
GelExtracorporeal40.8 mL/60mL
GelExtracorporeal54.4 mL/80mL
GelExtracorporeal6.8 mL/10mL
GelExtracorporeal632.4 mL/930mL
GelExtracorporeal68 mL/100mL
ClothTopical3.15 mL/1
SprayTopical75 g/100g
PatchTopical0.75 g/3.793g
ClothExtracorporeal0.75 U/1U
ClothExtracorporeal1.5 mL/1
ClothExtracorporeal150 mL/501
ClothExtracorporeal480 mL/1601
ClothTopical0.75 U/1U
ClothTopical15 mL/101
ClothTopical19 mL/51
ClothTopical200 mL/401
ClothTopical242.25 g/51
ClothTopical75 mL/100U
Gel, meteredTopical75 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical75 kg/100kg
LiquidExtracorporeal73.5 mL/100mL
ClothTopical4.75 g/1
ClothTopical58.5 mL/1001
SprayTopical415 mL/500mL
SprayTopical189 mL/237mL
LiquidTopical94 mL/118mL
GelTopical165.2 mL/165.2mL
GelTopical168 mL/168mL
GelTopical70 mL/1
LiquidTopical70 mL/1
SolutionTopical68 mL/100mL
SprayTopical75 g/117mL
SprayTopical62 g/110mL
GelTopical62 g/108mL
SolutionTopical95 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical95 kg/100kg
AerosolTopical0.74 mL/1g
SolutionTopical0.70 1/1
GelTopical21.024 mL/30mL
GelTopical266.304 mL/380mL
GelTopical141.6 mL/177.1mL
GelTopical62 L/100L
LotionTopical0.79 mL/1mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical62 mL/1mL
GelTopical45 mL/60mL
SprayTopical0.77 mL/1mL
GelTopical1 mL/0.7mL
GelTopical616 mL/1mL
GelTopical616 mg/100mL
GelTopical70 mL/100L
GelTopical70 mL/1mL
LiquidExtracorporeal0.7 1/1
LiquidTopical62 mL/1mL
GelTopical62 g/53mL
GelTopical0.8 1/1mL
LiquidTopical70 mL/1mL
SprayTopical0.6 mL/1mL
KitOral; Topical
KitTopical
GelTopical1.24 g/2g
ClothTopical261.75 g/801
SwabTopical70 g/100g
GelTopical2.65 L/3.79L
GelTopical63.1 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical620 mL/1L
SwabTopical0.75 mL/1
LotionTopical710 g/1000mL
LiquidTopical62.94 g/100mL
SolutionTopical80 mL/100mL
ClothExtracorporeal; Topical75 g/100g
GelTopical62.5 g
GelCutaneous42 mL/60mL
LiquidTopical100 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical588 mg/1mL
SprayTopical62.5 mL/100mL
SwabTopical1.31 g/1
SolutionIntravenous
SprayTopical20.4 mL/30mL
InjectionIntravenous
GelTopical0.8 mL/1g
SolutionTopical800 mL/1L
LiquidTopical80 kg/100kg
SolutionOral; Topical56 g
SolutionTopical70 % v/v
SolutionTopical72.9 mL
SolutionTopical70 mL
SolutionTopical72.916 mL
SolutionTopical73.7 mL
SolutionTopical73.76 mL
SolutionTopical76.91 mL
SuspensionOral63 mL
SolutionTopical72 mL
SolutionTopical73 mL
Cellular sheetTopical80 mL/100mL
ClothExtracorporeal216 mL/721
SwabTopical700 mg/1g
AerosolExtracorporeal120 mL/160mL
LiquidExtracorporeal44.84 mL/59mL
LiquidExtracorporeal66 mL/88mL
LiquidExtracorporeal75 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical401.5 mL/500mL
SolutionTopical85 mL/100mL
SprayCutaneous; Topical75 mL/100mL
LiquidExtracorporeal78 mL/100mL
ClothExtracorporeal193.5 mL/258mL
ClothExtracorporeal193.5 mL/2581
ClothExtracorporeal27.75 mL/371
ClothExtracorporeal270 mL/3601
GelTopical65 %
GelTopical6500000 %
LiquidTopical6.2 mL/10mL
GelTopical70 % v/v
GelTopical75 g/100g
SprayTopical280 mg/1mL
ClothExtracorporeal270 mL/801
ClothTopical1600 mL/5001
ClothTopical3.059 mL/4.37mL
Injection, solutionIntravenous
SwabTopical74.8 g/100g
GelExtracorporeal42 mL/60mL
GelExtracorporeal70 mL/100mL
SwabTopical70 mL/100mL
ClothExtracorporeal140 mL/601
ClothExtracorporeal150 mL/1001
ClothTopical3.3 mL/1
SwabTopical.7 mL/1mL
GelTopical72.7 mL/100mL
ClothTopical75 g/100g
SwabExtracorporeal; Topical67.8246 g/100g
SwabExtracorporeal; Topical75 1/1001
ClothCutaneous; Topical70 g/100g
ClothExtracorporeal
ClothExtracorporeal100 mL/201
ClothExtracorporeal15 mL/101
ClothExtracorporeal200 mL/1001
ClothExtracorporeal200 mL/401
ClothExtracorporeal3.6 g/1
ClothExtracorporeal4 mL/1
ClothExtracorporeal400 mL/1001
ClothExtracorporeal405 mL/1001
ClothExtracorporeal6 mL/1
ClothExtracorporeal75 mL/101
ClothTopical.31 mL/1mL
ClothTopical0.3 1/1
ClothTopical0.75 1/1
ClothTopical0.75 mL/1
ClothTopical0.8 mL/1
ClothTopical166 g/1001
ClothTopical2.625 mL/1
ClothTopical230 g/501
ClothTopical3 mL/1
ClothTopical3.125 mL/1
ClothTopical3.5 mL/1
ClothTopical3.8 mL/1
ClothTopical37.5 g/101
ClothTopical4.3 mL/1
ClothTopical4.9 mL/1
ClothTopical55 mL/101
ClothTopical75 mL/101
ClothTopical75 mL/100a
ClothTopical75 a/100a
ClothTopical75 U/100U
ClothTopical750 mL/1000mL
SolutionTopical7.5 mL/1
SwabTopical30 g/100g
SwabTopical70 1/1001
ClothTopical75 g/1001
LiquidTopical1 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical720 g/1L
GelTopical72 mL/100mL
GelExtracorporeal307.45 mL/473mL
GelExtracorporeal58.5 mL/90mL
GelTopical34.6231 g/51.3338g
LiquidTopical60 g/100mL
GelDental70 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical710 g/1000mL
SprayTopical78 mL/100mL
GelTopical69.8 mL/100mL
Gel, meteredTopical70 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical0.71 mL/1mL
GelTopical610.28 g/836g
GelTopical2.781 L/3.785L
LiquidTopical331.223 mL/473.176mL
LiquidTopical43.66 mL/59mL
GelTopical347.655 mL/473mL
GelTopical2.781975 L/3.785L
LiquidTopical15.77 L/18.93L
GelTopical2461 mL/3785mL
SolutionTopical0.8334 g/473g
GelTopical0.78 mL/1mL
ClothTopical.62 mL/1mL
GelTopical123.9 mL/177mL
LiquidRespiratory (inhalation)
Aerosol, sprayTopical
LiquidTopical250 mL/250mL
LiquidTopical800 mg/1mL
GelTopical377.5 mL/500mL
GelExtracorporeal1500 mL/2000mL
GelExtracorporeal177.75 mL/237mL
GelExtracorporeal22.5 mL/30mL
GelExtracorporeal37.5 mL/50mL
GelTopical73 g/100g
GelTopical630 mg/1mL
PatchTopical0.62 mL/1mL
PatchTopical0.75 mL/1mL
ClothTopical1.65 g/1
SprayTopical60 g/80mL
GelTopical68 mL/100mL
GelTopical136.4 mL/220mL
Aerosol, foamTopical62 g/100g
GelTopical18.335 mL/29.574mL
SprayTopical72 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical69 mL/100mL
GelTopical64.76 mL/100mL
SprayTopical70 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical72 mL/100mL
GelTopical620 g/1.0kg
LiquidTopical620 g/1.0L
LiquidTopical665 mL/1L
SprayTopical5 mL/100mL
GelTopical50 mL/100mL
GelTopical1419 mL/1892mL
GelTopical177.75 mL/237mL
GelTopical266.25 mL/355mL
GelTopical64 g/100mL
GelTopical65 mg/100mL
GelTopical77 mL/100mL
GelTopical90 mL/120mL
LiquidTopical0.73 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical75.15 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical0.62 mL/1mL
SprayTopical0.68 mL/1mL
SprayTopical620 mg/1mL
GelTopical62 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical37.5 g/50g
SprayTopical4.96 mL/8mL
LiquidTopical70 g/112mL
Cloth; kitTopical75 mL/100mL
SwabTopical0.62 mL/1
LiquidTopical1.313 mg/1mL
ClothTopical24 mL/1
ClothTopical65 mL/1001
ClothTopical3.75 mL/1
GelTopical5 mL/100mL
ClothTopical75 1/1001
ClothTopical0.75 g/1
LiquidOral62 mL/100mL
SoapTopical
LiquidTopical665 mg/1L
LiquidTopical700 mL/1L
PatchTopical65.9 g/100g
LiquidTopical65.9 g/100g
GelTopical10.353 mL/14.79mL
GelTopical165.9 mL/237mL
GelTopical19.66 mL/29.57mL
GelTopical331.1 mL/473mL
GelTopical39.33 mL/59.14mL
GelTopical41.405 mL/59.15mL
GelTopical82.6 mL/118mL
SprayTopical19.664 mL/29.57mL
SprayTopical2.79 mL/4.5mL
SprayTopical5.32 mL/8mL
SprayTopical5.58 mL/9mL
SprayTopical5.985 mL/9mL
GelTopical20.699 mL/29.57mL
ClothTopical.60 g/1
ClothTopical665 mL/1L
GelTopical666 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical2.9 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical96 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical750 mg/1mL
GelTopical.70 mL/1mL
GelTopical.70 L/1L
GelTopical620 mg/1g
LiquidTopical70 L/10000L
LiquidTopical7000 L/10000L
LiquidTopical7200 L/10000L
LiquidTopical7500 L/10000L
GelCutaneous80 mL/100mL
GelTopical36.58 mL/59mL
Aerosol, foamTopical0.62 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical75 g/100g
SolutionTopical0.76 mL/1mL
ClothTopical665 mL/100L
ClothTopical73.2 mL/100mL
ClothTopical62 mg/100mg
GelTopical70.12 mL/100mL
GelTopical70 g/100mL
LiquidTopical394.5 mL/500mL
LiquidTopical3945 mL/5000mL
LiquidTopical475 mL/500mL
LiquidTopical4750 mL/5000mL
LiquidTopical78.9 mL/100mL
GelTopical700 g/1000mL
GelTopical0.75 1/1mL
LiquidTopical70 mL/100mL
GelTopical3 g/5g
LiquidTopical62 g/100g
GelTopical91 mL/130mL
GelTopical66.5 mL/100mL
ClothTopical0.65 mL/1mL
GelTopical69 %
GelTopical178.1 mL/260mL
GelTopical195 mL/260mL
GelTopical342.5 mL/500mL
GelTopical65.075 mL/95mL
GelTopical67.13 mL/98mL
GelTopical71.25 mL/95mL
GelTopical73.5 mL/98mL
GelTopical350 g/500mL
GelTopical618 mg/1mL
GelTopical60 mL/100mL
JellyTopical
StickTopical
GelTopical60.14 %
ClothTopical60.14 %
GelTopical154 g/220g
GelTopical308 g/440g
GelTopical3080 g/4400g
GelTopical36.4 g/52g
GelTopical60 kg/100kg
GelTopical42 mg/25mL
SolutionTopical700 mL/1L
LiquidTopical800 mL/1L
Aerosol, foamTopical70 L/100L
LiquidTopical1000 mL/1390.025mL
LiquidTopical141.6 mL/177mL
LiquidTopical0.78 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical0.29326 L/0.473L
GelTopical0.77 mL/1mL
GelTopical100 mL/100mL
LiquidExtracorporeal30 mL/40mL
LotionTopical700 mL/1000mL
GelTopical1.4 mL/2mL
LiquidTopical76.8 mL/96mL
GelExtracorporeal2646 mL/3780mL
GelExtracorporeal41.3 mL/59mL
GelExtracorporeal703.5 mL/1005mL
GelExtracorporeal130.2 mL/186mL
GelExtracorporeal173.6 mL/248mL
GelExtracorporeal82.6 mL/118mL
SprayExtracorporeal82.6 mL/118mL
SprayExtracorporeal173.6 mL/248mL
LiquidTopical40 mL/100mL
GelExtracorporeal85.5 mL/120mL
SolutionTopical600 mg/1mL
ClothTopical65.9 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical19.2 mL/24mL
ClothTopical112.5 1/1501
Aerosol, sprayTopical135.26 mL/150mL
AerosolTopical90.24 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical1 mL/1
GelTopical70 g/500mL
GelTopical70 L/100L
GelTopical459.96 mL/1000mL
GelTopical650 mg/1mL
ClothTopical0.7 U/1U
LiquidTopical189.6 mL/237mL
LiquidTopical186 mL/300mL
SwabTopical184.1 mL/263mL
GelTopical0.715 mL/1mL
GelTopical16.1 mL/23mL
GelTopical2649.5 mL/3785mL
LiquidTopical2649.5 mL/3785mL
SprayTopical56 mL/80mL
LotionTopical83 mL/100mL
GelTopical140 mL/200mL
GelTopical2649 mL/3785mL
SprayTopical75 mL/100mL
Gel; kit; patchTopical
GelCutaneous70 mL/100mL
SprayCutaneous80 g/100g
SprayTopical80 g/100g
GelTopical77 g/100g
Gel, dentifriceDental500 mg/1g
ClothTopical1 ug/1mL
GelTopical0.6999 mL/1mL
ClothExtracorporeal120 mL/801
GelExtracorporeal150 mL/200mL
GelExtracorporeal177.42 mL/236.56mL
GelExtracorporeal44.25 mL/59mL
Solution, gel forming, extended releaseTopical
Solution, gel forming, extended releaseTopical70 mL/100mL
ClothTopical0.75 1/1mL
LotionTopical62 dL/100dL
LiquidTopical62.00 g/100g
Kit; solutionTopical
GelTopical65 mL/100mL
KitTopical22.5 mL/22.5mL
KitTopical22.5 mL/30mL
CreamTopical70 mL/100mL
GelTopical70 mL/100mL
ClothTopical3.15 mL/4.5mL
GelTopical1.86 mL/3mL
GelTopical1.86 g/3mL
LiquidTopical82 mL/100mL
LotionTopical70 mg/100mL
LiquidTopical69.9 mL/100mL
SprayTopical85 mL/100mL
SolutionIntravenous20.00 mg
GelTopical0.26 g/26g
GelTopical22.125 mL/29.5mL
GelTopical31 g/50mL
LiquidTopical95 L/100L
GelTopical73 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical66 mL/100mL
KitElectro-osmosis
SwabTopical0.83 1/1
LiquidTopical0.75 mL/1mL
GelTopical0.72 mL/1mL
SprayTopical0.62 mg/1mL
GelTopical64.7 g/100g
SprayTopical0.67 g/1mL
GelTopical0.6 g/1mL
LiquidTopical23.659 mL/29.574mL
LiquidTopical26.36 g/44mL
SolutionTopical62 mL/100mL
Aerosol, foamTopical0.625 mg/1mg
GelTopical47 mL/100mL
LipstickTopical65 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical650 mg/1mL
Cloth; kit; ointment; swabTopical
LiquidTopical30 g/100g
SwabTopical75 g/100g
SprayTopical14 mL/20mL
SolutionTopical72 L/100L
GelTopical70.5 mL/100mL
GelTopical69.62 mL/100mL
GelTopical24.5 mL/35mL
GelTopical16.32 mL/25mL
GelTopical326.5 mL/500mL
GelTopical65.3 mL/100mL
GelTopical16.32 g/25mL
GelTopical228 mL/300mL
SprayTopical1.42 g/30mL
GelTopical1.05 g/1.5mL
LiquidTopical11.9 g/17mL
GelTopical0.93 g/1.5mL
GelTopical120 g/200mL
GelTopical36 g/60mL
GelTopical71 L/100L
LiquidTopical710 g/1L
GelCutaneous77 g/100g
GelTopical35 mL/50mL
SprayTopical66.5 mL/95mL
SprayTopical249 mL/300mL
SprayTopical249 mL/100mL
SprayTopical830 mL/1000mL
ClothTopical70 %
LiquidTopical70 %
GelTopical22.2 mL/29.57mL
SprayTopical23.66 mL/29.57mL
GelTopical43 mL/59mL
GelTopical2.65 kg/3.78kg
PatchTopical75 U/100U
GelTopical1 L/1L
GelTopical37 mL/60mL
SprayTopical800 mL/1000mL
GelTopical7.5 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical0.7 mL/1mL
GelTopical35 g/50mL
GelTopical248 mL/400mL
GelTopical75.9 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical75 mL/100g
LiquidTopical70 L/100L
GelTopical78 mL/100mL
GelTopical2.45 mL/3.5mL
GelTopical82 mL/100mL
GelTopical67.38 kg/100kg
GelTopical146 L/209.198L
GelTopical63.5 mL/100mL
GelTopical147 mL/236mL
GelTopical345.64 mL/532mL
GelTopical0.7 kg/1L
LiquidTopical77.76 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical65.3 g/100g
GelTopical0.84 mL/1.2mL
GelTopical155 mL/250mL
GelTopical310 mL/500mL
GelTopical49.6 mL/80mL
GelTopical74.4 mL/120mL
GelTopical93 mL/150mL
GelTopical77 mL/110mL
ClothTopical0.64 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical80.0113 L/100L
LiquidTopical65.2 mL/100mL
GelTopical177.5 mL/250mL
GelTopical150.97 g/266mL
GelTopical39.184 g/70mL
GelTopical36.58 g/59mL
ClothTopical3.32 g/1
GelTopical0.725 mL/1mL
GelTopical700.52 mL/1000mL
GelTopical72 g/100mL
LiquidOral75 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical.80 L/1L
LiquidTopical62.000 g/100g
SolutionCutaneous
SolutionTopical67 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical71 mL/100mL
ClothTopical0.71 mL/1mL
CreamTopical
GelCutaneous0.62 mg/1mL
GelTopical2.59 L/3.7L
SprayTopical0.62 g/1g
SprayTopical0.95 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical338.82 g/1L
LiquidTopical192 mL/240mL
LiquidTopical480 mL/600mL
LiquidTopical80 mL/200mL
SpongeTopical80 mL/100mL
MouthwashDental
Aerosol, sprayTopical70 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical62.5 mL/100mL
GelTopical605.5 mg/1mL
GelTopical606.9 mg/1mL
GelTopical609 mg/1mL
GelTopical611.1 mg/1mL
Gel; kit; lipstick; liquid; lotion; swabTopical
LiquidTopical86.18 mL/100mL
GelTopical80 L/100L
GelTopical65 g/100mL
GelTopical356.25 mL/475mL
GelTopical60 mL/80mL
GelTopical712.5 mL/950mL
GelTopical620 mL/1000mL
LiquidTopical58.36 g/100mL
GelTopical800 mL/1L
GelTopical6.5 mL/10mL
LiquidTopical585 g/1mL
Aerosol, foamTopical0.51395 g/1g
AerosolTopical0.697948 g/1g
GelTopical58.10 mg/1g
SprayTopical56 mg/1g
GelTopical62.00 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical73 g/100g
ClothTopical73 1/1001
GelTopical20 mL/100mL
GelTopical75 g/100mL
LiquidTopical550 g/59mL
GelTopical700 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical0.80 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical48 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical64.5 mL/100mL
SprayTopical62 mL/62mL
Aerosol, foamTopical66 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical3.15406 L/3.785L
GelTopical73.3 mL/100mL
SolutionIntraspinal9.8 mg/1mL
InjectionIntraspinal0.98 mL/1mL
Injection, solutionIntraspinal0.98 mL/1mL
Injection, solutionPercutaneous1 mL/1mL
SolutionIntraspinal0.98 mL/1mL
LiquidIntramuscular; Subcutaneous0.995 mL / mL
InjectionIntravenous100 %
SolutionInfiltration; Intravenous100 % v/v
GelTopical686.9 mL/1000mL
LiquidTopical0.65 g/113g
LiquidTopical0.65 g/283g
SprayTopical61.75 mL/100mL
Aerosol, foamTopical65 mL/100mL
GelTopical
GelTopical30 g/50mL
GelTopical72 mL/115mL
GelTopical71.5 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical81.11 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical75.0006 mL/100mL
ClothTopical75 mL/100mL
GelTopical76 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical0.65 g/100mL
GelTopical0.62 g/100mL
LiquidTopical66 %
LiquidTopical62.75 mL/100mL
ClothTopical65 mL/1mL
Aerosol, foamTopical0.547 mg/1mg
Aerosol, foamTopical62.5 g/100g
SolutionTopical0.547 mg/1mg
SolutionTopical60 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical54.7 g/100g
LiquidTopical38.7 g / mL
GelTopical70.6646 mL/100mL
SprayTopical141.5 g/355mL
SprayTopical375 mL/500mL
LiquidExtracorporeal175 mL/250mL
LiquidExtracorporeal354.75 mL/473mL
LiquidExtracorporeal662.2 mL/946mL
ClothExtracorporeal588 mL/1401
ClothExtracorporeal255 mL/801
ClothExtracorporeal2 mL/1
GelExtracorporeal75 mL/100mL
ClothExtracorporeal225 mL/3001
ClothExtracorporeal75 mL/100mL
SwabTopical75 1/1001
SprayTopical150 mL/200mL
SprayTopical196.5 g/503mL
ClothTopical1 mL/1mL
ClothExtracorporeal100 mL/801
ClothExtracorporeal430.5 g/574g
ClothTopical132.35 mL/301
ClothTopical21 1/1001
ClothTopical220.59 mL/501
ClothTopical352.94 mL/801
ClothTopical4.5 mL/1
ClothTopical60 g/801
ClothTopical67.5 mL/100mL
ClothTopical80 1/1001
ClothTopical2.1 g/1
GelTopical0.69 mL/1mL
GelCutaneous; Topical75 mL/100mL
LiquidExtracorporeal10.8 mL/60mL
GelTopical75 mL/100g
LiquidExtracorporeal
LiquidExtracorporeal350 mL/500mL
GelTopical335 mL/500mL
LiquidTopical82 g/100g
SprayCutaneous; Topical78 mL/100mL
LiquidOral
SprayTopical62.225 mL/100mL
ClothTopical760 mg/1mL
GelTopical610 mg/1mL
GelTopical760 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical0.7 g/59g
SprayTopical0.7 g/59g
GelTopical70.00075 mL/100mL
SprayTopical68 g/100mL
GelTopical750 mg/1mL
GelTopical217 mL/350mL
GelTopical7 mL/10mL
SprayTopical70.01 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical2720 mL/4000mL
GelTopical43.4 mL/70mL
GelTopical0.975 mL/1.5mL
GelTopical19.5 mL/30mL
GelTopical375 g/500mL
GelTopical222 mL/300mL
GelTopical37 mL/50mL
ClothTopical3.325 g/1
ClothTopical67 mL/100g
Aerosol, sprayTopical75 g/100g
ClothTopical3 g/1
ClothTopical2.02 g/1
ClothTopical2.4 g/1
GelTopical385 mL/550mL
GelTopical49 mL/70mL
GelTopical662.2 mL/946mL
LiquidTopical23 g/100g
GelTopical168 mL/240mL
ClothTopical2.18 mL/1
GelTopical340 mL/500mL
GelTopical40.8 mL/60mL
GelTopical800 mg/1.2mL
SprayTopical800 mg/1.2mL
GelTopical1.36 mL/2mL
LiquidTopical0.3 mL/1mL
GelExtracorporeal1.5 mL/2mL
ClothExtracorporeal168.75 g/301
GelTopical0.7 g/3974g
GelTopical0.74 g/284g
LiquidTopical88 mL/110mL
GelTopical283.5 g/500mL
SprayTopical80 mL/100mL
CreamTopical37.8 g/60g
SprayTopical102 mL/170mL
LiquidTopical0.7 L/1L
SolutionTopical556 mg/1mL
SolutionTopical589.4 mg/1mL
SolutionTopical598.5 mg/1mL
GelTopical380 mL/500mL
GelTopical73.7 mL/100mL
SprayTopical13 mL/100mL
SprayTopical65 mL/500mL
ClothTopical168.75 g/501
ClothTopical341.25 g/1001
GelTopical70.05 1/1
StickTopical78.5 mL/100mL
Kit; stickTopical
ClothTopical78.5 mL/100mL
TinctureTopical0.48 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical3154 mL/3785mL
SolutionTopical7 mL/10mL
ClothTopical0.7 1/1
SprayTopical7 mL/10mL
GelTopical600 mL/1000mL
GelTopical700 mL/1000mL
GelTopical60 g/100g
SolutionBuccal; Oral
SoapPercutaneous0.62 mL/1mL
SolutionTopical70 mg/1mL
GelTopical0.5634 g/1mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical62 mL/100mL
GelTopical86 mL/100mL
GelTopical138.06 g/236mL
Aerosol, foamTopical62 mL/100mL
ClothTopical65 mL/1
SolutionTopical700 mg/1mL
For solutionTopical75 mL/75mL
For solutionTopical80 mL/80mL
LiquidTopical65 mL/100mL
SprayTopical210 mL/300mL
LiquidTopical620 mg/1mL
GelTopical74.33 mL/100mL
GelTopical74.25 mL/100mL
GelTopical357 mL/510mL
GelTopical83 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical1 L/1L
Spray, suspensionTopical80 mL/100mL
LiquidExtracorporeal15 mL/20mL
GelTopical.70 g/1g
GelTopical0.62 mL/1mL
SolutionTopical0.67 mL/1mL
LotionTopical500 mL/500mL
LotionTopical960 mg/960mg
ClothTopical0.7 mL/1
LiquidCutaneous70 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical60 g/1001
GelTopical72 g/100g
LotionTopical62 mL/100mL
ClothTopical62 mL/100mL
GelTopical0.83 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical1875 mL/2500mL
LiquidTopical2250 mL/3000mL
LiquidTopical3.75 L/5L
LiquidTopical7.5 mL/10L
LiquidTopical750 mL/1000mL
LiquidTopical0.75 L/1L
LiquidTopical1.875 L/2.5L
LiquidTopical15 L/20L
LiquidTopical18.75 L/25L
LiquidTopical2.25 L/3L
LiquidTopical37.5 L/50L
LiquidTopical7.5 L/10L
LiquidTopical7 g/10g
Aerosol, sprayTopical80 g/100g
ClothTopical0.83 1/1
KitOphthalmic; Topical
GelTopical86.8 g/140mL
LiquidTopical128.21 g/1
GelTopical340 g/500mL
GelTopical42 g/60mL
GelTopical66.5 g/100g
KitTopical0.7 g/1g
ClothTopical66 1/1001
LiquidTopical48 g/100mL
LiquidTopical0.62 mL/1mL
Aerosol, foamTopical70 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical1480 mL/2000mL
LiquidTopical66 L/100L
Aerosol, foamTopical63 mL/100mL
SoapTopical624 L/1041L
Aerosol, foamTopical62.5 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical54.2 g/100g
GelTopical70 g/100g
SoapTopical0.072 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical71.28 mL/100mL
GelTopical69 mL/100mL
GelTopical69 g/100mL
SprayTopical0.65 mL/1mL
GelExtracorporeal40 mL/50mL
SprayTopical31 mL/50mL
GelTopical70.6586 mL/100mL
GelTopical70.6926 mL/100mL
GelTopical605.7 mg/1mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical70 mg/100g
GelTopical66 g/100g
GelTopical60 mL/96mL
GelTopical650 mL/1000mL
LiquidTopical65.0 mL/100mL
GelTopical0.8 g/1mL
LiquidTopical17.98 mL/29mL
LotionTopical185 mL/295mL
LiquidTopical75 g/100mL
SolutionTopical23.7 mL/30mL
SolutionTopical94.8 mL/120mL
ClothExtracorporeal165 mL/501
ClothExtracorporeal33.75 mL/101
ClothExtracorporeal375 mL/501
LiquidTopical75 mL/100mL
SprayTopical600 mL/1L
Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solution; kitSubcutaneous; Topical
Aerosol, foamTopical0.62 g/1g
GelTopical63.12 g/100g
GelTopical87.5 mL/125mL
GelTopical700 mL/1L
LiquidTopical0.7238 1/1mL
CreamTopical0.62 mL/1mL
CreamTopical620 mg/1g
SoapTopical0.67 mL/1mL
GelTopical69.5 g/100g
LotionTopical63 %
ClothTopical112.5 mL/150mL
LotionTopical62 %
ClothTopical0.8 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical75.6 mL/100mL
ClothTopical.70 mL/1mL
GelTopical66.5 g/100mL
GelTopical78.26 mL/100mL
SprayTopical83.47 mL/100mL
GelTopical67.7 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical630 g/1000g
SolutionTopical80 mL/1L
GelTopical150 mL/200mL
GelTopical63 1/100g
SolutionTopical42 mL/60mL
ClothTopical66.5 mL/100mL
GelTopical2789 mL/3785mL
GelTopical0.8 mL/1mL
GelExtracorporeal196 mL/280mL
GelExtracorporeal40.6 mL/58mL
GelExtracorporeal52.5 mL/75mL
KitOphthalmic; Oral; Topical
GelTopical46.5 g/75mL
MouthwashOral
GelTopical70.0 g/100mL
SprayTopical94.4 mL/118mL
ClothTopical0.62 g/1g
SprayTopical95 mL/500mL
GelTopical2650 mL/3785mL
Gel, meteredTopical0.7 mL/1mL
GelTopical0.733 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical74 L/100L
GelTopical37.5 mL/50mL
GelTopical11.9 mL/17mL
SprayTopical33 g/55g
LiquidTopical98.3 mL/118mL
GelTopical63 g/100mL
GelTopical16.41 mg/30mL
GelTopical15.67 mg/30mL
GelTopical1.09 g/2mL
GelTopical16.41 g/30mL
GelTopical174.0 g/300mL
GelTopical130.65 mg/250mL
Gel; kitTopical660 mg/1mL
Gel; kitTopical660 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical35.15 g/60mL
GelTopical62.7 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical0.68 mL/1mL
SprayTopical64.6 g/100mL
GelCutaneous62.035 mL/100mL
GelTopical0.7 mg/1mL
LiquidCutaneous; Topical80 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical0.8 L/1L
SprayTopical0.8 1/1
LiquidTopical47.2 mL/59mL
GelTopical0.066 L/100L
Aerosol, sprayTopical70 mL/100mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical78 mL/100mL
ClothTopical0.7 g/1g
ClothTopical0.75 mL/100mL
ClothTopical18000 cm2/24000cm2
ClothTopical32400 cm2/43200cm2
ClothTopical36000 cm2/48000cm2
ClothTopical37161 cm2/49548cm2
ClothTopical75 mL/75mL
ClothTopical80 mL/100mL
CreamTopical80 mL/100mL
GelCutaneous68 mL/100mL
GelCutaneous71 mL/100mL
GelCutaneous; Topical70 mL/100mL
GelCutaneous; Topical80 mL/100mL
GelExtracorporeal0.84 mL/1.2mL
GelExtracorporeal187.5 mL/250mL
GelExtracorporeal2.835 L/3.78L
GelExtracorporeal21.75 mL/29mL
GelExtracorporeal262.5 mL/350mL
GelExtracorporeal295.625 mL/437mL
GelExtracorporeal295.625 mL/473mL
GelExtracorporeal315 mL/500mL
GelExtracorporeal352.5 mL/500mL
GelExtracorporeal354.75 mL/473mL
GelExtracorporeal37.8 mL/60mL
GelExtracorporeal42.3 mL/60mL
GelExtracorporeal709.5 mL/946mL
GelExtracorporeal750 mL/1000mL
GelExtracorporeal937.5 mL/1250mL
GelPercutaneous62 mL/100mL
GelTopical.65 kg/100L
GelTopical.665 g/1mL
GelTopical0.25 L/100L
GelTopical0.625 mL/1mL
GelTopical0.656 mL/1mL
GelTopical0.75 mL/100mL
GelTopical0.876 mL/1.2mL
GelTopical1.5 mL/2mL
GelTopical1324.89 mL/1892.7mL
GelTopical146.3 mL/236mL
GelTopical1500 mL/2000mL
GelTopical151.68 mL/237mL
GelTopical155.709 mL/237mL
GelTopical160 mL/200mL
GelTopical165.2 mL/236mL
GelTopical165.61 mL/236.59mL
GelTopical169.92 mL/236mL
GelTopical172.8 L/216L
GelTopical177 mL/236mL
GelTopical184.6 mL/355mL
GelTopical2.38 kg/3.79L
GelTopical2.66 L/3.8L
GelTopical2.72 L/3.78L
GelTopical2.8 L/4L
GelTopical20.4 mL/30mL
GelTopical200 mL/250mL
GelTopical21.75 mL/29mL
GelTopical221.25 mL/295mL
GelTopical24 mL/30mL
GelTopical2460.52 mL/3785.41mL
GelTopical2649.79 mL/3785.41mL
GelTopical265.2 mL/354.8mL
GelTopical2660 mL/3800mL
GelTopical280 mL/400mL
GelTopical2800 mL/4000mL
GelTopical2838 mL/3785mL
GelTopical3.02 L/3.78L
GelTopical3.5 L/5L
GelTopical3000 mL/4000mL
GelTopical331.22 mL/473.18mL
GelTopical340.6 mL/473mL
GelTopical3500 mL/5000mL
GelTopical354.75 mL/473mL
GelTopical3750 mL/5000mL
GelTopical385 mL/500mL
GelTopical39 mL/60mL
GelTopical398.84 mL/498.5mL
GelTopical41.3 mL/59mL
GelTopical41.667 mL/50mL
GelTopical42.5 mL/59mL
GelTopical43.365 mL/59mL
GelTopical435 mL/580mL
GelTopical44.25 mL/59mL
GelTopical45 mL/100mL
GelTopical47.2 mL/59mL
GelTopical53.5 g/100mL
GelTopical545 mg/1mL
GelTopical558 mg/1mL
GelTopical567 mg/1mL
GelTopical578 mg/1mL
GelTopical585 mg/1mL
GelTopical59 mL/100mL
GelTopical60.075 mL/100mL
GelTopical616 mg/1mL
GelTopical62 g/112mL
GelTopical62 g/89mL
GelTopical62.4 mL/100mL
GelTopical62.5 g/112mL
GelTopical64 mL/100mL
GelTopical64 g/112mL
GelTopical64.15 kg/100kg
GelTopical65 g/112mL
GelTopical65.0 mL/100L
GelTopical650 mL/1mL
GelTopical66 mL/100mL
GelTopical66 kg/100kg
GelTopical662.45 mL/946.35mL
GelTopical67 mL/100mL
GelTopical68 g/112mL
GelTopical68.77 mL/100mL
GelTopical681.2 mL/946mL
GelTopical70 mL/500mL
GelTopical70 g/112mL
GelTopical70.21 mL/100mL
GelTopical70.325 mL/100mL
GelTopical70.47 mL/100mL
GelTopical70.473 mL/100mL
GelTopical700 L/1000L
GelTopical71 g/100g
GelTopical71.25 mL/100mL
GelTopical715.4 mL/1021.95mL
GelTopical720 mL/1000mL
GelTopical73.06 mL/100mL
GelTopical74 mL/100mL
GelTopical75 mL/75mL
GelTopical75 L/100L
GelTopical75.05 mL/100mL
GelTopical75.12 mL/100mL
GelTopical75.225 mL/100mL
GelTopical75.59 mL/100mL
GelTopical75.768575 mL/100mL
GelTopical75.769 mL/100mL
GelTopical750 mL/1L
GelTopical756.8 mL/946mL
GelTopical76.578357 mL/100mL
GelTopical760 mL/1000mL
GelTopical80 mL/80mL
GelTopical80 mL/250mL
GelTopical80 mL/100mL
GelTopical80 mL/500mL
GelTopical80 mL/473mL
GelTopical80 g/100g
GelTopical800 L/1000L
GelTopical82.81 mL/118.29mL
GelTopical83.334 mL/100mL
GelTopical837 mg/1mL
GelTopical93 mL/100mL
GelTopical939.84 kg/1270.05kg
GelTopical96 mL/120mL
GelTopical; Transdermal73 mL/100mL
JellyTopical75 mL/100mL
LiquidCutaneous; Topical75 mL/100mL
LiquidExtracorporeal0.75 L/1L
LiquidExtracorporeal1.875 mL/2.5mL
LiquidExtracorporeal1417.5 mL/1890mL
LiquidExtracorporeal146.32 mL/236mL
LiquidExtracorporeal15 L/20L
LiquidExtracorporeal166.38 mL/236mL
LiquidExtracorporeal169.2 mL/240mL
LiquidExtracorporeal177 mL/236mL
LiquidExtracorporeal177.75 mL/237mL
LiquidExtracorporeal200 mL/250mL
LiquidExtracorporeal21.15 mL/30mL
LiquidExtracorporeal210 mL/300mL
LiquidExtracorporeal225 mL/300mL
LiquidExtracorporeal24 mL/30mL
LiquidExtracorporeal253.8 mL/360mL
LiquidExtracorporeal266.25 mL/355mL
LiquidExtracorporeal3.75 L/5L
LiquidExtracorporeal33.4 mL/50mL
LiquidExtracorporeal352.5 mL/500mL
LiquidExtracorporeal37.2 mL/60mL
LiquidExtracorporeal3750 mL/5000mL
LiquidExtracorporeal40 mL/50mL
LiquidExtracorporeal400 mL/500mL
LiquidExtracorporeal42.3 mL/60mL
LiquidExtracorporeal45 mL/60mL
LiquidExtracorporeal47.6 mL/68mL
LiquidExtracorporeal48 mL/60mL
LiquidExtracorporeal70 mL/100mL
LiquidExtracorporeal700 mL/1000mL
LiquidExtracorporeal750 mL/1000mL
LiquidExtracorporeal80 mL/100mL
LiquidExtracorporeal88.5 mL/118mL
LiquidExtracorporeal90 mL/120mL
LiquidExtracorporeal96 mL/120mL
LiquidTopical0.07 L/0.1L
LiquidTopical0.08 L/1L
LiquidTopical0.5 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical0.58 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical0.62 mL/1
LiquidTopical0.8 L/1L
LiquidTopical0.8 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical0.879 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical1.325 L/1.893L
LiquidTopical1.75 mL/2.5mL
LiquidTopical100 mL/62mL
LiquidTopical140 L/200L
LiquidTopical1465.1 mL/1750mL
LiquidTopical15141.64 mL/18927.05mL
LiquidTopical152 L/189L
LiquidTopical154 L/220L
LiquidTopical1577 mL/1892mL
LiquidTopical160 L/200L
LiquidTopical165.2 mL/236mL
LiquidTopical166.56 L/208.2L
LiquidTopical166558.04 mL/208197.55mL
LiquidTopical175 mL/250mL
LiquidTopical176 L/220L
LiquidTopical177 mL/236mL
LiquidTopical2.38 kg/3.79L
LiquidTopical2.646 L/3.78L
LiquidTopical2.65 L/3.78L
LiquidTopical200 mL/250mL
LiquidTopical24 mL/30mL
LiquidTopical240 mL/300mL
LiquidTopical25.6 mL/32mL
LiquidTopical3.364 L/3.785L
LiquidTopical3.5 mL/5mL
LiquidTopical3000 mL/4000mL
LiquidTopical3024 mL/3780mL
LiquidTopical3028 mL/1001
LiquidTopical3028.32 mL/3785.4mL
LiquidTopical3028.33 mL/3785.41mL
LiquidTopical3028.33 mL/3785.42mL
LiquidTopical3028.33 mL/3785mL
LiquidTopical310.5 mL/476mL
LiquidTopical3154.382 mL/3785.41mL
LiquidTopical320 mL/473mL
LiquidTopical36.58 mL/59mL
LiquidTopical378.4 mL/473mL
LiquidTopical378540 mL/378541mL
LiquidTopical4 mL/5mL
LiquidTopical4000 mL/5000mL
LiquidTopical435 mL/580mL
LiquidTopical5 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical53.3 g/100mL
LiquidTopical616 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical62 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical62 kg/100L
LiquidTopical620 mL/1000mL
LiquidTopical621 mL/946mL
LiquidTopical63 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical630 mL/1000mL
LiquidTopical64.325 g/100mL
LiquidTopical70 mL/70mL
LiquidTopical700 L/1000L
LiquidTopical71 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical72.82 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical73.3 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical73.4 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical73.409 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical736.84 mL/1000mL
LiquidTopical74 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical75.3 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical757 mL/946mL
LiquidTopical77.7 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical80 mL/472mL
LiquidTopical80 g/100g
LiquidTopical80 d/100d
LiquidTopical80 mL/1000mL
LiquidTopical80 mL/80mL
LiquidTopical80.02 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical80.5 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical80.8 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical800 L/1000L
LiquidTopical8000 L/10000L
LiquidTopical8000 mL/10000mL
LiquidTopical815.49 L/1022.6L
LiquidTopical82.74 mL/118.2mL
LiquidTopical833 mL/1000mL
LiquidTopical84 mL/120mL
LiquidTopical908.5 L/1135L
LiquidTopical95 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical95 L/1000L
LiquidTopical99 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical; Ureteral; Vaginal80 mL/100mL
LotionExtracorporeal375 mL/500mL
LotionTopical.073 mL/100L
LotionTopical0.7 L/1L
LotionTopical558 mg/1mL
LotionTopical567 mg/1mL
LotionTopical80 mL/100mL
OintmentTopical80 mL/100mL
SoapTopical80 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical2391 mL/3785mL
SolutionTopical63 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical72 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical77 g/100g
SolutionTopical8 mL/10mL
Solution / dropsTopical80 mL/100mL
Solution, gel forming / dropsCutaneous; Topical80 mL/100mL
Solution, gel forming / dropsTopical80 mL/100mL
SprayExtracorporeal; Topical75 mL/100mL
SprayTopical.62 mL/1mL
SprayTopical.63 mL/1mL
SprayTopical0.625 mL/1mL
SprayTopical0.7 g/1g
SprayTopical1 mL/1mL
SprayTopical100 mL/100mL
SprayTopical1514.16 mL/1892.7mL
SprayTopical189.27 mL/236.59mL
SprayTopical22.5 mL/30mL
SprayTopical3.56 mL/1mL
SprayTopical3028.33 mL/3785.41mL
SprayTopical378.56 mL/473.18mL
SprayTopical41.3 mL/60mL
SprayTopical47.32 mL/59.15mL
SprayTopical64.4 mL/100mL
SprayTopical66.4 mL/100mL
SprayTopical68 mL/100mL
SprayTopical70 mL/70mL
SprayTopical70 mg/1mL
SprayTopical71.48 mL/100mL
SprayTopical75 g/100mL
SprayTopical75.725 mL/100mL
SprayTopical757.08 mL/946.35mL
SprayTopical80 mL/120mL
SprayTopical86 mL/100mL
SprayTopical94.64 mL/118.29mL
Spray, meteredTopical80 mL/100mL
SwabTopical0.7 mL/1
SwabTopical63 mL/100mL
SwabTopical65 mL/100mL
SwabTopical77.5 mL/125mL
PatchTopical66.5 mL/100mL
GelTopical70 mL/250mL
Gel; kitTopical70 mL/100mL
Gel; kitTopical
SprayTopical95 mL/118mL
GelTopical2346 mL/3783mL
GelTopical69 mL/100g
SolutionTopical7 1/1
GelTopical2.835 L/3.785L
GelTopical2649 mL/3783mL
LiquidTopical72 mL/1
Gel, meteredTopical367.5000015 mL/500mL
LotionTopical971.37414 L/1248L
GelTransdermal70 L/100L
SolutionTopical60 mL/100g
GelTopical5 mL/8mL
SolutionTopical166.4 L/208L
SolutionTopical168.11466 L/208L
LiquidTopical26.22 mL/38mL
GelTopical0.67 mL/1mL
GelTopical62.0000 mL/100mL
GelTopical62 g/1mL
GelTopical0.95 mL/1mL
SprayTopical750 mg/1mL
GelTopical0.66 mL/1mL
GelExtracorporeal390 mL/500mL
GelExtracorporeal78 mL/100mL
GelTopical0.703 mL/1mL
GelTopical180 mL/240mL
GelTopical222.72299 mL/300mL
GelTopical2725.5 mL/1
GelTopical3000 mL/4L
GelTopical41.4 mL/59.15mL
GelTopical664.3 L/1021.95L
GelTopical700 mL/946mL
GelTopical715.4 L/1021.95L
GelTopical766.5 L/1021.95L
GelTopical78.3 mL/100mL
GelTopical80 L/500mL
GelTopical80 mL/1g
GelTopical83.6 mL/110mL
GelTopical62 %
GelTopical64.6 mL/85mL
GelTopical65.7 g/100g
GelTopical55 g/100mL
GelTopical62 g/100mL
LiquidTopical60 %
LiquidTopical766.46 L/1021.95L
LiquidTopical817.56 L/1021.95L
SprayTopical11.9 g/17mL
GelTopical62 mg/117.6mL
SprayTopical0.8 mL/1mL
GelTopical68 mL/68mL
LiquidTopical750 mL/1L
LiquidTopical70 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical70.473 mL/100mL
SprayTopical62 g/100g
SprayTopical65 g/100g
GelTopical660 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical65.5 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical7 mL/1
ClothTopical66 mL/100mL
ClothTopical75 mL/100g
SolutionTopical75 1/1001
GelTopical65 g/100g
LiquidTopical65 mL/1mL
AerosolTopical70 mL/100mL
SprayTopical47 mL/59mL
GelTopical60.146532 mL/100mL
GelTopical670 mg/1mL
ClothTopical2.7 mL/3.6mL
SprayTopical45 mL/60mL
GelTopical62 mg/100mL
LiquidTopical28.5 mL/38mL
GelTopical62 mg/1mL
ClothTopical0.566 1/1
ClothTopical150 mL/501
ClothTopical2.7 g/1
ClothTopical62 1/1001
ClothTopical620 mg/1mL
ClothTopical620 mg/1g
ClothTopical67 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical2.1 mL/1
SwabTopical76 mL/100mL
GelTopical740 mL/1000mL
LiquidExtracorporeal2835 mL/3780mL
LiquidTopical62 g/112mL
GelExtracorporeal375 mL/500mL
SwabTopical0.75 g/1
LiquidTopical165.61 mL/236.59mL
LiquidExtracorporeal3000 mL/4000mL
GelTopical70 1/100mL
GelTopical62 g/100g
LiquidTopical62 mL/100L
SolutionTopical80 L/1000mL
GelTopical71.35 mL/100mL
GelTopical62 mL/500mL
GelTopical0.73 mL/1mL
SprayTopical0.73 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical79 mL/100mL
SprayTopical350 mL/500mL
LiquidTopical75 ug/1
SprayTopical10.54 mL/17mL
SprayTopical0.703 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical80 mL/1
SprayTopical4.65 mL/7.5mL
SolutionTopical2.4 mL/3mL
SolutionTopical0.7 mL/285mL
GelTopical350 mL/500mL
SprayTopical49.6 mL/80mL
LiquidTopical60 g/100g
LiquidTopical0.30 mL/1mL
SolutionTopical65 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical1 mL/1mL
GelTopical62 mL/532mL
SolutionTopical42 mg/25mL
SoapTopical0.62 mL/1mL
GelTopical70 mL/70mL
GelTopical6 g/200g
GelTopical4.5 g/150g
GelTopical2 g/200g
LiquidTopical75 mL/1000mL
GelTopical0.62 mL/500mL
GelTopical76.448 mL/100mL
GelTopical82.404 mL/100mL
PowderTopical1 mg/100mg
GelTopical60.15 mL/100mL
KitTopical68 mL/100mL
GelTopical6 mL/200mL
GelTopical5.4 mg/180mL
GelTopical1.8 mg/180mL
SolutionTopical1.8 mg/180mL
GelTopical4 mg/50mL
LiquidTopical657.9 mL/750mL
GelTopical604.8 mg/1mL
SwabTopical75 mL/75mL
SwabTopical75 1/1
GelTopical2.646 L/3.78L
LiquidTopical17.57 g/30mL
ClothTopical120 mL/401
LiquidTopical0.74 g/473g
SprayTopical16.7 g/30mL
SolutionTopical62 L/100L
SolutionTopical75 L/100L
GelTopical80.0 L/100L
GelTopical62.0 L/100L
GelTopical310 g/500mL
Aerosol, foamTopical54.7 g/100g
GelTopical72.34 mL/100mL
GelTopical600 mL/1L
SolutionTopical73 mL/100mL
LotionTopical70 mL/100mL
GelTopical.6329 mL/.9242mL
GelTopical10.35 mL/14.78mL
GelTopical315 mL/450mL
GelTopical42 mL/60mL
GelTopical73.3 L/100L
LiquidCutaneous80 mL/100mL
PatchExtracorporeal70 mL/100mL
GelTopical166 mL/200mL
GelTopical416 mL/500mL
GelTopical50 mL/60mL
GelTopical833 mL/1000mL
GelTopical99.996 mL/120mL
SolutionTopical2 g/100mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical72 mL/100mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical75 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical3.028 L/3.785L
LiquidTopical75.0249 L/100L
LiquidTopical80.0992 L/100L
LiquidTopical80.1004 L/100L
LiquidTopical80.1026 L/100L
LiquidTopical75.0271 L/100L
GelTopical75.0128 L/100L
GelTopical80.0836 L/100L
GelTopical80.0847 L/100L
GelTopical80.0870 L/100L
GelTopical75.015 L/100L
GelTopical80.0524 L/100L
Solution, gel forming / dropsTopical75 mL/100mL
ClothTopical70 mL/100g
GelTopical63 g/100g
LiquidTopical73 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical75 mL/100mL
GelTopical0.62 g/1g
GelTopical2.649787 L/3.78541L
GelTopical266.1615 mL/354.882mL
LiquidTopical56.525 g/100mL
Gel; kitTopical0.7 mL/1mL
Gel; kitTopical0.75 mL/1mL
KitTopical0.75 mL/1mL
GelTopical63 mL/100mL
LiquidCutaneous54.7 mL/100mL
GelCutaneous62 mL/100mL
GelTopical0.7224 g/1mL
SoapTopical0.7 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical70 mL/100g
ClothTopical0.5 mL/1
GelExtracorporeal141.6 mL/236mL
GelExtracorporeal20.3 mL/29mL
GelExtracorporeal228 mL/300mL
GelExtracorporeal2649.5 mL/3785mL
GelExtracorporeal351.4 mL/502mL
GelExtracorporeal380 mL/500mL
GelExtracorporeal44.325 mL/59.1mL
GelExtracorporeal45.6 mL/60mL
GelExtracorporeal68.4 mL/100mL
GelExtracorporeal680 mL/1000mL
GelExtracorporeal70 1/100mL
GelExtracorporeal700 mL/1000mL
GelExtracorporeal75 L/100L
GelExtracorporeal76 mL/100mL
GelExtracorporeal760 mL/1000mL
GelTopical.60 g/1mL
GelTopical.60 g/1
GelTopical.60 g/.9g
GelTopical.62 kg/100L
GelTopical0.7 g/1mL
GelTopical168.75 mL/225mL
GelTopical187.5 mL/250mL
GelTopical19.61 mL/100mL
GelTopical22.5 mL/30mL
GelTopical262.5 mL/350mL
GelTopical3600 mL/4800mL
GelTopical375 mL/500mL
GelTopical395 g/500mL
GelTopical540.26 g/1L
GelTopical6 mL/10mL
GelTopical60 g/1mL
GelTopical65 kg/100L
GelTopical660 mL/1000mL
GelTopical665 mg/1L
GelTopical665 mL/1g
GelTopical665 mL/1L
GelTopical665 mL/1000mL
GelTopical700 mg/1000mL
GelTopical700 mg/1L
GelTopical75 mL/100mL
GelTopical900 mL/1200mL
LiquidExtracorporeal0.7 L/1L
LiquidExtracorporeal1.4 L/2L
LiquidExtracorporeal165.2 mL/236mL
LiquidExtracorporeal21 mL/30mL
LiquidExtracorporeal22.5 mL/30mL
LiquidExtracorporeal247.5 mL/330mL
LiquidExtracorporeal351.4 mL/502mL
LiquidExtracorporeal375 mL/500mL
LiquidExtracorporeal41.3 mL/59mL
LiquidExtracorporeal413.7 mL/591mL
LiquidExtracorporeal60 mL/80mL
LiquidTopical131.4 mL/180mL
LiquidTopical1400 mL/2000mL
LiquidTopical146 mL/200mL
LiquidTopical172.28 mL/236mL
LiquidTopical182.5 mL/250mL
LiquidTopical21 mL/30mL
LiquidTopical21.9 mL/30mL
LiquidTopical219 mL/300mL
LiquidTopical245 mL/350mL
LiquidTopical255.5 mL/350mL
LiquidTopical36.5 mL/50mL
LiquidTopical365 mL/500mL
LiquidTopical392 mL/560mL
LiquidTopical43.8 mL/60mL
LiquidTopical620 mL/1L
LiquidTopical689.5 mL/985mL
LiquidTopical730 mL/1000mL
Solution, concentrateTopical37.5 mL/50mL
GelTopical147 mL/237mL
GelTopical33 mL/53mL
GelTopical146 mL/236mL
LiquidTopical146 mL/236mL
GelTopical0.665 g/1mL
GelTopical18.6 mL/30mL
LiquidTopical65 g/100g
LiquidTopical71 g/100g
GelTopical65.0000 mL/100mL
SwabTopical65.9 mg/1
ClothTopical70 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical80 g/100mL
LiquidTopical78 g/100mL
LiquidTopical0.45 mL/1mL
ClothTopical
LiquidTopical600 mL/1000mL
SprayTopical65.3 g/100mL
GelTopical65.3 g/100mL
GelTopical73.7 g/100mL
GelTopical0.68 mL/1mL
GelTopical680 mg/1mL
SolutionTopical80 g/100mL
SprayTopical0.94 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical8333 mL/10000mL
SolutionTopical70 g/100mL
LiquidTopical72.9 mL/100mL
GelTopical58 mL/100mL
LiquidExtracorporeal395 mL/500mL
GelExtracorporeal298.5 mL/300mL
GelExtracorporeal497.5 mL/500mL
GelExtracorporeal79.6 mL/80mL
PatchTopical
GelExtracorporeal300 mL/500mL
GelExtracorporeal35 mL/50mL
GelTopical37.2 g/60mL
ClothTopical2.625 g/1
ClothTopical2.66 g/1
SolutionTopical60 L/100L
LotionTopical613.8 mg/1mL
ClothTopical0.6152 1/1
ClothTopical1.79 g/1
SprayTopical18.6 mL/30mL
SprayTopical186 mL/300mL
GelTopical620 mg/100mL
GelTopical14.88 g/30mL
LiquidTopical83 g/100mL
GelTopical73.68 mL/100mL
GelTopical35 g/50g
LiquidTopical47.32 mL/59.15mL
SolutionTopical69 mL/100g
SolutionTopical3.4 mL/1
GelTopical73.0166 mL/100mL
SprayTopical73 mL/100mL
SprayTopical78 mL/78mL
LiquidTopical62 mg/100mL
LiquidTopical68 g/100mL
GelTopical73.68 g/100g
GelTopical430 g/500g
ClothTopical70.0984 L/100L
LiquidTopical70.0984 L/100L
LiquidTopical70.1038 L/100L
GelTopical70.0882 L/100L
GelTopical70.0936 L/100L
ClothTopical70.1038 L/100L
GelTopical70.1442 L/100L
SolutionTopical0.7 L/1L
SolutionTopical62 mL/0.1L
SolutionTopical70 mL/100mL
SoapTopical63 mL/100mL
SprayTopical63 mL/100mL
SolutionPercutaneous42 mg/25mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical70 g/100g
SolutionTopical75 g/100g
LiquidTopical670 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical50.967 g/100g
ClothTopical65 g/100g
ClothTopical0.66 1/1
GelTopical345 mL/500mL
ClothTopical800 mg/1g
GelTopical73.2 mL/100mL
GelTopical32.3 mL/50mL
Cloth; cream; gel; kit; ointment; solutionOphthalmic; Topical
KitOphthalmic
SolutionTopical6.5 mL/1
GelTopical14000 mL/20000mL
GelTopical210 mL/300mL
ClothTopical65 mL/100mL
GelTopical80 mL/135mL
LiquidTopical0.48 mL/1mL
TinctureTopical
GelTopical72.16 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical300 mL/500mL
LiquidTopical81.1 mL/100mL
ClothTopical3.6 g/1
SprayTopical0.75 mL/1mL
GelTopical61 L/100L
GelTopical73 L/100L
GelTopical72.8 mL/100mL
GelTopical88.7 mL/100mL
GelTopical37.34 g/52.6g
GelTopical70.7 mL/100mL
SprayTopical71 mL/100mL
GelTopical40.6 mL/60mL
ClothTopical4 mL/1
LiquidTopical2.5 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical700 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical118.3 mL/118.3mL
LiquidTopical3785 mL/3785mL
LiquidTopical473 mL/473mL
LiquidTopical236 mL/236mL
SprayTopical67 mL/100mL
GelCutaneous
GelTopical17.98 mL/29mL
LiquidTopical40 mL/50mL
LiquidTopical400 mL/500mL
ClothTopical62 mg/1
Injection, powder, lyophilized, for suspension; kit; tabletIntramuscular; Oral; Topical
SprayTopical350 g/500mL
LiquidTopical41.3 mL/59mL
LiquidTopical86 mL/100mL
SprayTopical310 mL/500mL
GelTopical84 mL/120mL
SprayTopical112.5 mL/150mL
Aerosol, sprayCutaneous75 mL/100mL
SprayTopical0.69 mL/1mL
GelTopical72 L/100L
PatchTopical15 1/1001
LiquidTopical93 mL/100mL
GelTopical355 mL/500mL
GelTopical0.734 g/1mL
LiquidTopical42 mL/60mL
EmulsionTopical80 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical80 L/100L
LiquidTopical0.5 g/10mL
GelTopical68 g/100mL
GelTopical665 g/1L
GelTopical0.62 g/1
GelTopical64.5 mL/100mL
SprayTopical55 mL/100mL
GelTopical38.97 mL/59mL
SolutionTopical47.2 mL/59mL
SprayTopical21 mL/30mL
LiquidTopical31 mL/50mL
GelTopical60.25 %
GelTopical2646 mL/3780mL
LiquidTopical2646 mL/3780mL
GelTopical71 mL/100mL
LiquidExtracorporeal310 mL/500mL
LiquidExtracorporeal46.5 mL/75mL
LiquidTopical.62 L/1L
LiquidTopical0.62 L/1L
LiquidTopical0.70 L/1L
GelTopical0.8 L/1L
GelTopical0.7 L/1L
LiquidTopical757.04 mL/946.3mL
GelTopical0.62 mg/1mL
SprayTopical24.9 mL/30mL
SprayTopical620 mL/1000mL
LiquidTopical390 mL/500mL
GelTopical554 mL/554mL
GelTopical86.8 mL/140mL
GelTopical2.4 mL/3mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical0.7343 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical0.827 mL/1mL
SprayTopical0.7 mL/1mL
LotionTopical96 mL/120mL
LiquidTopical620 mg/1g
LiquidTopical74.3 mL/100mL
LotionTopical.62 mL/1mL
LotionTopical0.62 mL/1mL
GelTopical0.62 g/1mL
ClothTopical0.70 1/1
GelTopical0.76 mL/1mL
GelTopical153.34 mL/237mL
SprayTopical35 g/50mL
GelTopical70.4 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical0.94 mL/1mL
GelTopical0.7 g/118g
GelTopical0.7 g/59g
LotionTopical0.7 g/340g
LiquidTopical800 mL/1000mL
GelTopical142.8 mL/240mL
ElixirOral
SprayTopical83 mL/100mL
ClothTopical354.4 mL/801
GelTopical60 %
LiquidTopical62 mL/100g
Gel; kitTopical69 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical72 g/100g
LiquidVaginal5 g/100g
GelTopical63.16 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical378 mL/473mL
GelTopical148.8 mL/240mL
LiquidTopical1 g/100g
GelTopical800 mg/1mL
GelTopical62.5 g/100mL
GelTopical62.0 g/100g
GelTopical19.428 mL/30mL
GelTopical49.0 mL/70mL
LiquidTopical83 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical8 g/100g
SprayTopical35 mL/50mL
GelTopical70.01595407 mL/100mL
GelTopical245 mL/350mL
GelTopical77 g/100mL
LiquidTopical300 mL/375mL
LiquidTopical94.64 mL/118.3mL
GelTopical210 g/300mL
GelTopical42.0 g/60mL
LiquidTopical3028 mL/3785mL
SwabTopical17.55 g/27g
LiquidTopical15142 L/18317L
GelExtracorporeal375 g/500g
GelTopical0.7 g/1g
LiquidExtracorporeal39.6 mL/60mL
LiquidExtracorporeal42 mL/60mL
KitTopical665 mL/1L
Gel; kitTopical62 mL/100mL
KitDental; Topical
LiquidTopical490 mL/700mL
GelTopical48 mL/60mL
LiquidNasal62 mL/100mL
GelTopical43.4 g/70mL
PatchTopical75 mL/1g
GelTopical61.9937 mL/100mL
GelTopical350.0 g/500mL
Gel, dentifriceDental50 g/100g
SprayTopical650 mg/1mL
SprayTopical710 g/1000mL
LiquidTopical672 g/1000mL
GelTopical396 mL/500mL
LiquidTopical35 mL/50mL
LiquidTopical350 mL/500mL
LiquidTopical310 mL/500mL
GelTopical64 mL/80mL
LiquidTopical38 mL/50mL
LiquidTopical123.9 mL/177mL
LiquidTopical14 mL/20mL
GelTopical400 mL/500mL
Spray, meteredTopical62 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical0.8075 mL/1000mL
LiquidTopical65.1846 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical65.2459 mL/100mL
GelTopical56 mL/80mL
SprayTopical77 mL/100mL
SprayTopical64 mL/100mL
ClothTopical0.6175 g/1g
GelTopical350 g/500g
SolutionTopical2.25 mL/1
SwabTopical75 mL/100mL
GelTopical0.6 g/6g
SprayTopical36.58 mL/59mL
LiquidTopical60 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical170.3436 mL/236.588mL
GelTopical21 g/30mL
SwabTopical0.75 g/3.793g
SprayTopical66.5 mL/100mL
GelTopical662 mL/946mL
SoapPercutaneous0.7 mL/1mL
GelTopical36.7 mL/59mL
GelTopical73 L/100mL
GelTopical175 mL/250mL
LiquidTopical80 mL/100mL
ClothTopical0.72 mL/1mL
PatchTopical0.72 mL/1mL
GelTopical2914.76 mL/3785.4mL
GelTopical625 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical0.71 L/1L
ClothTopical0.70 mL/1mL
ClothTopical0.7 mL/1mL
StickTopical0.70 mL/1mL
ClothTopical0.659 mL/1
LiquidTopical189.3 mL/236.6mL
GelTopical67 g/100mL
GelTopical40.2 g/60mL
SolutionTopical0.7 mL/1mL
SolutionTopical63.31 g/100g
Cloth; gel; kitTopical
GelTopical65 L/100L
GelTopical68 L/100L
GelTopical225 mL/300mL
GelTopical2838.75 mL/3785mL
GelTopical750 mL/1000mL
GelTopical151.2 L/216L
GelTopical2.65 L/3.78L
GelTopical62 mL/62mL
GelTopical16.2 mL/30mL
GelTopical111.6 mL/180mL
GelTopical297.6 mL/480mL
GelTopical74.13 mL/100mL
LiquidNasal65 mL/100g
GelTopical310.0 g/500mL
LiquidTopical
LiquidCutaneous
GelTopical28 g/40mL
ClothTopical30 mL/100mL
GelTopical64.6 g/100mL
LiquidTopical415 mL/500mL
GelTopical0.93 mL/1.5mL
SolutionOral
SprayTopical340.56 mL/470mL
LiquidTopical8 mL/1mL
ClothTopical2.3 g/1
GelCutaneous41.40297 mL/59.15mL
GelCutaneous41.40297 mL/59.51mL
GelTopical614.6 mg/1mL
SolutionTopical75.85 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical75 L/100L
LiquidTopical2650 mL/3785mL
Aerosol, foamTopical40 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical68 mg/1mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical80 mL/100mL
SwabTopical65.9 g/100g
Aerosol, sprayTopical62.2 mL/100mL
SprayTopical91 mL/100mL
SprayTopical99 mL/100mL
GelTopical70 mg/100mL
SolutionTopical75 mg/100mL
SolutionTopical73.8 mL/1mL
SprayTopical3 mL/100mL
SprayTopical0.665 mL/1mL
SprayTopical80 ng/100mL
LiquidTopical0.08 L/0.1L
GelExtracorporeal39.75 mL/53mL
SolutionTopical78 mL/100mL
Aerosol, foamTopical620 mg/1g
GelTopical60 g/100mL
GelTopical0.7 mL/1mL
GelTopical31 mL/50mL
GelTopical65.6 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical76 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical83 L/100L
SolutionTopical534 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical62 %
GelTopical.7 mL/1mL
Aerosol, foamTopical0.625 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical0.70 mL/1mL
ClothTopical0.62 mL/1mL
LotionTopical65 mL/100mL
SwabTopical0.62 mL/1mL
GelTopical0.85 mL/1mL
GelTopical0.70 mL/1mL
GelTopical63 % w/w
GelTopical70 mL/1000mL
GelTopical70.0 %
ClothTopical243.75 g/601
ClothTopical63.75 g/201
GelTopical607.6 mg/1mL
GelTopical17.5 mL/25mL
SprayTopical73.7 g/100mL
SolutionTopical
GelTopical85 L/100L
GelTopical1085 mL/1550mL
GelTopical56 mL/70mL
LiquidTopical112.5 mL/150mL
LiquidTopical150 mL/200mL
LiquidTopical187.5 mL/250mL
LiquidTopical37.5 mL/50mL
LiquidTopical45 mL/60mL
LiquidTopical52.5 mL/70mL
LiquidTopical56.25 mL/75mL
LiquidTopical60 mL/80mL
LiquidTopical90 mL/120mL
SolutionTopical76.9 mL/100mL
SprayTopical20.4 g/30mL
ClothTopical0.54 1/1
PatchTopical0.75 L/1L
SprayTopical
SprayTopical0.62 mL/1mL
SwabTopical
Aerosol, foamTopical62.5 mL/100g
SolutionTopical539.4 mg/1mL
SolutionTopical539.71 mg/1mL
SolutionTopical620 mg/1mL
SprayTopical80.1 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical73.0166 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical73.2 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical73.1 mL/100mL
GelTopical157.5 mL/225mL
GelTopical163.8 mL/234mL
SprayTopical70.5 mL/100mL
SwabTopical665 mL/1L
GelTopical62.5 mL/100mL
ClothTopical80 L/100L
SolutionTopical72.38 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical68 mL/100mL
GelTopical69 mg/100mL
ClothTopical0.62 1/1
SprayTopical44.8 g/56g
SprayTopical21.1 mL/30mL
LiquidTopical62.0 %
LiquidTopical78.5 mL/100mL
GelTopical65.76 mL/100mL
ClothTopical65.67 mL/100mL
ClothTopical45 mL/201
GelTopical20.3 mL/29mL
GelCutaneous; Topical68 mL/100mL
LiquidExtracorporeal345 mL/500mL
LiquidExtracorporeal69 mL/100mL
GelExtracorporeal312.5 mL/500mL
GelTopical62.0 g/100mL
LiquidTopical94.635295 mL/118.294mL
LiquidTopical20 mL/100mL
GelTopical620 mg/1mL
RinseOral
LiquidTopical610 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical50 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical95 %
SprayTopical0.67 mL/1mL
GelTopical275.63 g/436.63g
LiquidTopical15141.68 mL/18927.1mL
GelTopical1.125 mL/1.5mL
GelCutaneous0.625 mL/1mL
GelTopical165.9 g/237mL
LiquidTopical210 mL/300mL
LiquidTopical0.64 mL/1mL
GelTopical69.9 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical0.719 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical56.07 1/56.071
ClothTopical2.25 mL/1U
KitTopical0.62 mL/1mL
Gel; kitTopical0.62 mL/1mL
SprayTopical73.333 mL/100mL
Aerosol, foamTopical0.67 g/1mL
GelTopical75.0 g/100mL
GelTopical124 g/200mL
GelTopical70 1/701
GelTopical1190.7 mL/1890mL
GelTopical21.486 mL/60mL
GelTopical558.81 mL/887mL
GelTopical9.45 mL/15mL
SprayTopical4.275 mL/7.5mL
SprayTopical6.3 mL/10.0mL
SprayTopical63 mL/1mL
ClothCutaneous0.7 mL/1mL
SolutionTopical0.659 mL/1mL
ClothTopical72 mL/100mL
ClothTopical0.659 mL/1mL
GelTopical620 mL/1L
SolutionTopical74 mL/100mL
SwabTopical0.659 mL/1mL
LotionTopical0.7 mL/1mL
GasTopical70 mL/100mL
GelTopical67 L/67L
GelTopical166 mL/236mL
GelTopical71.351 mL/100mL
SprayTopical72 g/100mL
ClothTopical1.75 mL/1
ClothExtracorporeal270 mL/501
ClothExtracorporeal75 mL/501
GelTopical66.2 mL/100mL
SprayTopical650 mL/1L
GelTopical6.2 mg/1mL
SprayTopical60 mL/100mL
SprayTopical0.72 mL/1mL
ClothTopical1 g/1g
ClothTopical597 mL/1601
ClothTopical70.6 mg/100mg
LiquidTopical172.5 mL/230mL
LiquidTopical0.750 L/1L
GelTopical0.700 L/1L
ClothExtracorporeal67.5 mL/251
ClothExtracorporeal2.35 mL/1
SolutionTopical0.75 1/1
ClothExtracorporeal291.18 mL/801
ClothExtracorporeal75 mL/1001
ClothTopical0.7 mL/0.7mL
ClothTopical0.75 mL/1g
ClothTopical150 mL/1001
ClothTopical26.25 mL/1
ClothTopical75 mg/100mL
ClothTopical75 1/1
PatchTopical0.75 U/1U
GelTopical21 mL/30mL
LiquidTopical195 mL/300mL
SprayTopical210 g/300mL
GelTopical800 mL/1000mL
GelTopical850 mL/1000mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical45.5 mL/100mL
Gel; kit; paste, dentifriceDental; Topical
SprayTopical65 mL/65mL
GelTopical70 mg/1mL
SolutionTopical756.8000 mL/946mL
GelTopical12.5 mL/15mL
GelTopical1.667 mL/2mL
Spray, meteredTopical0.75 mL/1mL
SolutionCutaneous
SprayTopical189 mL/236.588mL
SprayTopical700 mg/1mL
GelTopical1171.73 g/1889.89g
GelTopical146.94 mL/237mL
GelTopical2343.46 g/3779.78g
GelTopical1124.91 g/1814.37g
GelTopical2249.82 g/3628.74g
LiquidTopical170.64 mL/237mL
SprayTopical119 g/170g
GelTopical258.07 g/416.24g
GelTopical12.4 g/20mL
GelTopical0.55 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical140 mL/200mL
ClothTopical0.6 g/1g
ClothTopical0.6152 g/1g
LiquidDental590 mL/1000mL
SprayTopical70 g/100mL
SprayTopical65 mL/100mL
Solution
ClothTopical0.63 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical60 L/100L
PatchTopical75 g/100g
PatchTopical4.9 g/1
GelTopical0.71 mL/1mL
Spray, suspensionTopical0.7 mL/1mL
SprayTopical75 L/100L
ClothTopical75 mL/1001
SprayTopical62 mg/100mL
SprayTopical70 mg/100mL
GelTopical62 g/59g
SolutionTopical70 L/100L
GelTopical1 g/100mL
LiquidTopical700 g/1L
GelExtracorporeal
LiquidTopical48 mL/60mL
Aerosol, foamTopical620 mg/1mL
GelTopical96 mL/100mL
GelTopical188 mL/251mL
LiquidTopical84 mL/100mL
GelExtracorporeal45 mL/60mL
GelExtracorporeal90 mL/120mL
GelTopical61.75 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical74.4 mL/120mL
LiquidTopical146.94 mL/237mL
LiquidTopical77 mL/100mL
GelTopical62.7 g/100mL
GelTopical14 mL/20mL
LiquidTopical652.2 g/1000mL
LiquidTopical64 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical65 mm/100mL
LiquidTopical693 g/1000mL
SolutionTopical61 mL/100mL
GelTopical350 g/100mL
GelTopical17.78 mL/28mL
SprayTopical17.78 mL/28mL
LiquidTopical3500 mL/5000mL
LiquidTopical62 L/100L
ClothTopical70 g/100g
LiquidTopical76 L/100L
LiquidTopical67.6 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical67.6 L/100L
GelTopical670 mg/1000mL
GelTopical0.7 1/1mL
LiquidTopical0.7 1/1mL
LiquidTopical67.69 mL/100mL
SprayTopical42 mL/60mL
GelTopical65.37 mL/100mL
GelTopical0.589 g/1mL
LiquidTopical162.5 mL/250mL
GelTopical325 mL/500mL
ClothTopical0.8 1/1
LiquidTopical188.8 mL/236mL
LotionTopical18.6 mL/30mL
LotionTopical18 mL/30mL
LiquidTopical55.34 g/100mL
SwabTopical1.82 mL/1
LiquidTopical36000 cm2/48000cm2
GelTopical0.65 mg/100mL
SolutionTopical62.5 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical64 mL/100mL
LiquidExtracorporeal180 mL/240mL
LiquidExtracorporeal2850 mL/3800mL
Solution, gel forming, extended releaseTopical80 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical0.6 kg/1kg
SolutionTopical80 L/100mL
LiquidTopical0.8 g/1mL
GelTopical85 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical85 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical89.5 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical3.024 L/3.78L
SolutionTopical4 L/5L
SolutionTopical400 mL/500mL
LiquidTopical94.635 mL/118.294mL
AerosolTopical
LiquidTopical850 mg/1mL
GelTopical75.6 mL/100mL
GelTopical756 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical720 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical756 mg/1mL
GelTopical70 mL/100g
LiquidTopical70 g/100g
GelTopical595 mL/850mL
LiquidTopical595 mL/850mL
SprayTopical83.33 mL/100mL
SolutionTopical80 mL/80mL
SoapTopical650 mL/1L
SoapTopical600 mL/1L
SprayTopical62 mL/1mL
SoapTopical62 mL/100mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical0.9 mL/1mL
AerosolTopical90 mL/100mL
GelTopical378.4 mL/473mL
GelTopical188.8 mL/236mL
SprayTopical0.70 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical338.82 L/1L
SolutionTopical0.75 mL/1mL
GelTopical0.64 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical38.35 mL/59mL
SprayTopical38.35 mL/59mL
LiquidTopical65 g/100mL
GelTopical80.4 mL/120mL
GelTopical0.62 mL/0.9mL
Lotion; swabTopical
GelTopical70 %
LiquidTopical70 mg/100mL
ClothTopical69 mL/1000mL
LiquidTopical600 mL/750mL
GelTopical320 g/500mL
ClothTopical0.7 g/1
GelTopical1.05 mL/1.5mL
GelTopical59 g/100mL
ClothTopical70 mg/100mg
GelTopical.7 L/1L
LiquidTopical30 mL/100mL
SprayTopical350 g/100mL
LiquidTopical22.5 mL/30mL
KitTopical75 g/100mL
SprayTopical44.25 mL/150mL
LiquidTopical0.72 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical.70 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical67 mL/100mL
LotionTopical60 %
SolutionTopical.7 mL/1mL
GelTopical77.682 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical0.67 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical62 mL/100mL
ClothTopical0.75 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical64.6 g/100mL
ClothTopical177.35 mL/401
ClothTopical3.93 mL/1
ClothTopical49.85 mL/101
SprayTopical74 mL/100mL
LotionTopical250 mL/295mL
ClothTopical7 mL/10mL
ClothTopical70 1/1001
LotionTopical.7 mL/1mL
SolutionTopical0.61 g/1g
GelTopical63 kg/100kg
GelTopical68.77 kg/100kg
GelTopical62.46 kg/100kg
SoapTopical0.7 mL/1mL
GelTopical186 mL/300mL
GelTopical37.2 mL/60mL
GelTopical62 g/29mL
GelTopical70 mL/473.6mL
LiquidTopical3027 mL/3783mL
ClothExtracorporeal; Topical75 1/1001
GelTopical0.75 L/1L
SolutionTopical69 mL/100mL
SprayTopical69 mL/100mL
Kit; sprayTopical69 mL/100mL
Kit; sprayTopical70 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical3028.32 mL/3785.41mL
SolutionTopical0.7 g/1g
LiquidTopical19000 kg/20000kg
LiquidTopical72.5 mL/100mL
SprayTopical72.5 mL/100mL
Cloth; kit; paste, dentifriceDental; Topical
GelTopical606.2 mg/1mL
ClothTopical3.627 g/1001
LiquidTopical700 mL/1000mL
SwabTopical0.7 mL/1mL
Gel; kitTopical67 mL/100mL
GelTopical0.8 mL/0.8mL
ClothTopical40 mL/100mL
ClothTopical90 mL/601
Liquid, extended releaseTopical54.7 mL/100mL
GelExtracorporeal49 mL/70mL
LiquidExtracorporeal187.5 mL/250mL
LiquidExtracorporeal37.5 mL/50mL
GelTopical166 mL/237mL
GelTopical2.1 mL/3mL
GelTopical0.662 mL/1mL
GelTopical33.25 g/50g
SprayTopical66.50 mL/100mL
GelTopical0.75 mL/1mL
SprayTopical640 mg/1mL
ClothTopical72 mg/100mg
LiquidTopical
LiquidTopical3.024 L/3.78L
GelTopical69.4 mL/100mL
ClothTopical80.1203 L/100L
GelTopical146.32 mL/236mL
GelTopical215.14 mL/347mL
GelTopical496 mL/800mL
GelTopical618.1 mL/947mL
GelTopical74.40 mL/120mL
LotionTopical154 mL/236mL
GelExtracorporeal177 mL/236mL
GelExtracorporeal363.75 mL/485mL
ClothExtracorporeal270 cm2/360cm2
GelTopical0.65 mL/1mL
GelTopical195 g/314g
GelTopical75 mL/1mL
SprayTopical69.99 mL/100mL
LotionTopical540.7 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical80 1/100mL
SolutionTopical73.7 L/100L
SprayTopical62 mL/100mL
GelExtracorporeal2835 mL/3780mL
GelExtracorporeal3750 mL/5000mL
SprayExtracorporeal44.25 mL/59mL
SprayExtracorporeal7.5 mL/10mL
GelTopical64.8 mL/100mL
GelExtracorporeal1125 mL/1500mL
GelExtracorporeal270 mL/450mL
GelExtracorporeal3000 mL/4000mL
GelExtracorporeal360 mL/480mL
LiquidTopical63 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical62 g/100mL
GasTopical62 mL/100mL
GelTopical.65 mL/100L
ClothTopical.80 1/1
ClothTopical0.701 kg/1kg
GelTopical72 mL/1000mL
SolutionTopical75 mL/1001
GelTopical58.36 g/100mL
LiquidTopical59.7 g/100mL
LiquidTopical145.9 g/250mL
GelTopical1.24 mL/2mL
LiquidTopical63.2 mL/100mL
GelTopical62.044 mL/100mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical63.2 mL/100mL
SwabTopical0.7 1/1
ClothExtracorporeal20 mL/501
ClothTopical75 g/100mL
SwabTopical0.13 g/100g
ClothTopical62 g/100g
SwabTopical18 g/100g
SwabTopical80 g/100g
GelTopical644.8 L/1041L
SprayTopical689 L/1041L
SoapTopical770 L/1041L
GelTopical686.4 L/1041L
Spray, suspensionTopical650 mL/1L
SoapTopical620 mL/1L
SolutionTopical0.8 mL/1mL
GelTopical74.18 mL/100mL
GelTopical18 mL/30mL
LiquidTopical0.7 mL/100mL
LiquidTopical75 1/100mL
DressingTopical75 mL/100mL
ClothTopical1 mL/1
ClothTopical34.9 g/100g
ClothTopical73 mL/100mL
ClothTopical1.3 mg/1mL
LiquidTopical70.4 mL/100mL
GelTopical64.59 mL/100mL
GelTopical415 mL/500mL
GelTopical180 mL/250mL
GelTopical2725 mL/3785mL
GelTopical360 mL/500mL
GelTopical540 mL/750mL
LiquidTopical540 mL/750mL
GelTopical21.6 mL/30mL
SyrupOral
GelCutaneous165.6116 mL/236.588mL
GelCutaneous2649.787 mL/3785.41mL
GelCutaneous331.2232 mL/473.176mL
GelCutaneous41.40297 mL/59.1471mL
LotionTopical68 mL/100mL
ClothTopical67 g/100g
LotionTopical60.1 L/100L
SolutionTopical70 L/100mL
SprayTopical126 mL/168mL
SprayTopical175 mL/250mL
SprayTopical84 mL/120mL
ClothTopical70 mL/1001
GelTopical146 g/236g
LiquidTopical37 g/60g
SprayTopical189 mL/236mL
LiquidTopical80 L/100L
ClothTopical122.4 g/501
GelTopical20.4 g/30mL
LiquidTopical225 mL/300mL
LiquidTopical375 mL/500mL
ClothTopical0.75 g/1mL
GelTopical94 mL/100mL
SprayTopical62 g/100mL
LiquidTopical67.63 %
LiquidTopical66 mL/100mL
SwabTopical70 mL/1
LiquidTopical6 mL/10mL
ClothTopical60 g/100g
SprayTopical28 mL/40mL
LiquidTopical28 mL/40mL
GelTopical79 mL/100mL
GelTopical0.6 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical94.4 mL/118mL
LiquidTopical70 g/100mL
GelTopical0.63 mL/1mL
GelTopical44.9 mL/59.1mL
LiquidTopical0.76 mL/1mL
LiquidTopical760 mL/1000mL
Aerosol, sprayTopical224 g/400g
GelTopical143 g/238g
ClothTopical80 g/100g
Solution70 ml/100ml
Solution73.7 ml/100ml
Gel68 %w/w
SolutionTopical73.7 ml/100ml
Prices
Unit descriptionCostUnit
Ethanol 98% ampul7.8USD ml
Alcohol, dehydrated 98% amp4.68USD ml
Alcohol, denatured0.02USD ml
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents
Patent NumberPediatric ExtensionApprovedExpires (estimated)Region
US6036976No2000-03-142016-12-13US flag
US7081246No2006-07-252016-08-03US flag
US5897031No1999-04-272016-06-21US flag

Properties

State
Liquid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)-114.1 °CPhysProp
boiling point (°C)78.2 °CPhysProp
water solubility1E+006 mg/L (at 25 °C)RIDDICK,JA ET AL. (1986)
logP-0.31HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
pKa15.9 (at 25 °C)RIDDICK,JA ET AL. (1986)
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility579.0 mg/mLALOGPS
logP-0.4ALOGPS
logP-0.16Chemaxon
logS1.1ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)16.47Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)-2.2Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count1Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area20.23 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count0Chemaxon
Refractivity13.01 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability5.3 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings0Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleYesChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.9948
Blood Brain Barrier+0.9539
Caco-2 permeable+0.726
P-glycoprotein substrateNon-substrate0.8197
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.9678
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.9542
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.9157
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.7857
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.9266
CYP450 3A4 substrateNon-substrate0.8073
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.726
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9346
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9702
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9296
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9772
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.9163
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.9132
CarcinogenicityCarcinogens 0.7654
BiodegradationReady biodegradable0.9074
Rat acute toxicity1.3676 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9319
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.9586
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Download (2.96 KB)
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-002b-9000000000-7fa80a491183c1cdd23e
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-BGC-MSsplash10-001j-9000000000-a705823ce4aeba7f89e1
Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)MSsplash10-003s-9000000000-dabf5a61c5a7da9fbe13
MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI RMU-7M) , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-001j-9000000000-a705823ce4aeba7f89e1
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-002b-9000000000-4de7f9af382dd2c9abb0
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-9000000000-079cd565b362bfd52608
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-004j-9000000000-61f49a7615418bf57c6f
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-9000000000-079cd565b362bfd52608
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-004j-9000000000-cdd33b50515c34434152
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-9000000000-d8104430d63be5eb258e
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
[1H,1H] 2D NMR Spectrum2D NMRNot Applicable
[1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum2D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-115.96643
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+117.86183
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+125.56641
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Inhibitory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
Component of the heteropentameric receptor for GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain. Functions also as histamine receptor and mediates cellular responses to histamine...
Gene Name
GABRA1
Uniprot ID
P14867
Uniprot Name
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1
Molecular Weight
51801.395 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Santhakumar V, Wallner M, Otis TS: Ethanol acts directly on extrasynaptic subtypes of GABAA receptors to increase tonic inhibition. Alcohol. 2007 May;41(3):211-21. [Article]
  4. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
  5. Earl DE, Tietz EI: Inhibition of recombinant L-type voltage-gated calcium channels by positive allosteric modulators of GABAA receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2011 Apr;337(1):301-11. doi: 10.1124/jpet.110.178244. Epub 2011 Jan 24. [Article]
  6. Davies M: The role of GABAA receptors in mediating the effects of alcohol in the central nervous system. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003 Jul;28(4):263-74. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Antagonist
General Function
Protein phosphatase 2a binding
Specific Function
NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate-gated ion channels with reduced single-channel conductance, low calcium permeability and low voltage-dependent sensitivity to magnesium. Mediated by glycine. May ...
Gene Name
GRIN3A
Uniprot ID
Q8TCU5
Uniprot Name
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A
Molecular Weight
125464.07 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Wang J, Lanfranco MF, Gibb SL, Ron D: Ethanol-mediated long-lasting adaptations of the NR2B-containing NMDA receptors in the dorsomedial striatum. Channels (Austin). 2011 May-Jun;5(3):205-9. Epub 2011 May 1. [Article]
  4. Ron D, Wang J: The NMDA Receptor and Alcohol Addiction . [Article]
  5. Williams K: Extracellular Modulation of NMDA Receptors . [Article]
  6. Xu M, Smothers CT, Woodward JJ: Effects of ethanol on phosphorylation site mutants of recombinant N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Alcohol. 2011 Jun;45(4):373-80. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2010.08.015. Epub 2010 Dec 15. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Transmitter-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
The glycine receptor is a neurotransmitter-gated ion channel. Binding of glycine to its receptor increases the chloride conductance and thus produces hyperpolarization (inhibition of neuronal firing).
Gene Name
GLRA1
Uniprot ID
P23415
Uniprot Name
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1
Molecular Weight
52623.35 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Fuentealba J, Munoz B, Yevenes G, Moraga-Cid G, Perez C, Guzman L, Rigo JM, Aguayo LG: Potentiation and inhibition of glycine receptors by tutin. Neuropharmacology. 2011 Feb-Mar;60(2-3):453-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.10.023. Epub 2010 Oct 31. [Article]
  4. Baenziger JE, Corringer PJ: 3D structure and allosteric modulation of the transmembrane domain of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels. Neuropharmacology. 2011 Jan;60(1):116-25. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.08.007. Epub 2010 Aug 14. [Article]
  5. Ye Q, Koltchine VV, Mihic SJ, Mascia MP, Wick MJ, Finn SE, Harrison NL, Harris RA: Enhancement of glycine receptor function by ethanol is inversely correlated with molecular volume at position alpha267. J Biol Chem. 1998 Feb 6;273(6):3314-9. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Transmitter-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
The glycine receptor is a neurotransmitter-gated ion channel. Binding of glycine to its receptor increases the chloride conductance and thus produces hyperpolarization (inhibition of neuronal firing).
Gene Name
GLRA2
Uniprot ID
P23416
Uniprot Name
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2
Molecular Weight
52001.585 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
  3. Ye Q, Koltchine VV, Mihic SJ, Mascia MP, Wick MJ, Finn SE, Harrison NL, Harris RA: Enhancement of glycine receptor function by ethanol is inversely correlated with molecular volume at position alpha267. J Biol Chem. 1998 Feb 6;273(6):3314-9. [Article]
  4. Baenziger JE, Corringer PJ: 3D structure and allosteric modulation of the transmembrane domain of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels. Neuropharmacology. 2011 Jan;60(1):116-25. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.08.007. Epub 2010 Aug 14. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
Specific Function
The beta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels contributes to the function of the calcium channel by increasing peak calcium current, shifting the voltage dependencies of activation and ina...
Gene Name
CACNB1
Uniprot ID
Q02641
Uniprot Name
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-1
Molecular Weight
65712.995 Da
References
  1. Hendricson AW, Thomas MP, Lippmann MJ, Morrisett RA: Suppression of L-type voltage-gated calcium channel-dependent synaptic plasticity by ethanol: analysis of miniature synaptic currents and dendritic calcium transients. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Nov;307(2):550-8. Epub 2003 Sep 11. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Voltage-gated potassium channel activity
Specific Function
This is one of the several different receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor is a ligand-gate...
Gene Name
HTR3A
Uniprot ID
P46098
Uniprot Name
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A
Molecular Weight
55279.835 Da
References
  1. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Inhibitory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Gene Name
GABRA2
Uniprot ID
P47869
Uniprot Name
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2
Molecular Weight
51325.85 Da
References
  1. Santhakumar V, Wallner M, Otis TS: Ethanol acts directly on extrasynaptic subtypes of GABAA receptors to increase tonic inhibition. Alcohol. 2007 May;41(3):211-21. [Article]
  2. Davies M: The role of GABAA receptors in mediating the effects of alcohol in the central nervous system. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003 Jul;28(4):263-74. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Receptor binding
Specific Function
Ionotropic receptor with a probable role in the modulation of auditory stimuli. Agonist binding may induce an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an i...
Gene Name
CHRNA10
Uniprot ID
Q9GZZ6
Uniprot Name
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-10
Molecular Weight
49704.295 Da
References
  1. Hendrickson LM, Guildford MJ, Tapper AR: Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: common molecular substrates of nicotine and alcohol dependence. Front Psychiatry. 2013 Apr 30;4:29. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00029. eCollection 2013. [Article]
  2. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
Specific Function
Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
Gene Name
CACNA1C
Uniprot ID
Q13936
Uniprot Name
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C
Molecular Weight
248974.1 Da
References
  1. Hendricson AW, Thomas MP, Lippmann MJ, Morrisett RA: Suppression of L-type voltage-gated calcium channel-dependent synaptic plasticity by ethanol: analysis of miniature synaptic currents and dendritic calcium transients. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Nov;307(2):550-8. Epub 2003 Sep 11. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Transporter activity
Specific Function
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Gene Name
GABRA5
Uniprot ID
P31644
Uniprot Name
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5
Molecular Weight
52145.645 Da
References
  1. Santhakumar V, Wallner M, Otis TS: Ethanol acts directly on extrasynaptic subtypes of GABAA receptors to increase tonic inhibition. Alcohol. 2007 May;41(3):211-21. [Article]
  2. Davies M: The role of GABAA receptors in mediating the effects of alcohol in the central nervous system. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003 Jul;28(4):263-74. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Inhibitory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Gene Name
GABRA4
Uniprot ID
P48169
Uniprot Name
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4
Molecular Weight
61622.645 Da
References
  1. Santhakumar V, Wallner M, Otis TS: Ethanol acts directly on extrasynaptic subtypes of GABAA receptors to increase tonic inhibition. Alcohol. 2007 May;41(3):211-21. [Article]
  2. Davies M: The role of GABAA receptors in mediating the effects of alcohol in the central nervous system. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003 Jul;28(4):263-74. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Inhibitory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Gene Name
GABRA3
Uniprot ID
P34903
Uniprot Name
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3
Molecular Weight
55164.055 Da
References
  1. Santhakumar V, Wallner M, Otis TS: Ethanol acts directly on extrasynaptic subtypes of GABAA receptors to increase tonic inhibition. Alcohol. 2007 May;41(3):211-21. [Article]
  2. Davies M: The role of GABAA receptors in mediating the effects of alcohol in the central nervous system. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003 Jul;28(4):263-74. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Pdz domain binding
Specific Function
Ionotropic glutamate receptor. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a co...
Gene Name
GRIA1
Uniprot ID
P42261
Uniprot Name
Glutamate receptor 1
Molecular Weight
101505.245 Da
References
  1. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
Specific Function
This protein is a subunit of the dihydropyridine (DHP) sensitive calcium channel. Plays a role in excitation-contraction coupling. The skeletal muscle DHP-sensitive Ca(2+) channel may function only...
Gene Name
CACNG1
Uniprot ID
Q06432
Uniprot Name
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-1 subunit
Molecular Weight
25028.105 Da
References
  1. Hendricson AW, Thomas MP, Lippmann MJ, Morrisett RA: Suppression of L-type voltage-gated calcium channel-dependent synaptic plasticity by ethanol: analysis of miniature synaptic currents and dendritic calcium transients. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Nov;307(2):550-8. Epub 2003 Sep 11. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Drug binding
Specific Function
After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane.
Gene Name
CHRNA2
Uniprot ID
Q15822
Uniprot Name
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2
Molecular Weight
59764.82 Da
References
  1. Hendrickson LM, Guildford MJ, Tapper AR: Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: common molecular substrates of nicotine and alcohol dependence. Front Psychiatry. 2013 Apr 30;4:29. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00029. eCollection 2013. [Article]
  2. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Inhibitory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Gene Name
GABRA6
Uniprot ID
Q16445
Uniprot Name
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6
Molecular Weight
51023.69 Da
References
  1. Santhakumar V, Wallner M, Otis TS: Ethanol acts directly on extrasynaptic subtypes of GABAA receptors to increase tonic inhibition. Alcohol. 2007 May;41(3):211-21. [Article]
  2. Davies M: The role of GABAA receptors in mediating the effects of alcohol in the central nervous system. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003 Jul;28(4):263-74. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Ionotropic glutamate receptor activity
Specific Function
Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory ne...
Gene Name
GRIA2
Uniprot ID
P42262
Uniprot Name
Glutamate receptor 2
Molecular Weight
98820.32 Da
References
  1. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Ionotropic glutamate receptor activity
Specific Function
Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory ne...
Gene Name
GRIA4
Uniprot ID
P48058
Uniprot Name
Glutamate receptor 4
Molecular Weight
100870.085 Da
References
  1. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory ne...
Gene Name
GRIA3
Uniprot ID
P42263
Uniprot Name
Glutamate receptor 3
Molecular Weight
101155.975 Da
References
  1. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Ligand-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane permeabl...
Gene Name
CHRNA4
Uniprot ID
P43681
Uniprot Name
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4
Molecular Weight
69956.47 Da
References
  1. Hendrickson LM, Guildford MJ, Tapper AR: Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: common molecular substrates of nicotine and alcohol dependence. Front Psychiatry. 2013 Apr 30;4:29. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00029. eCollection 2013. [Article]
  2. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Ligand-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane permeabl...
Gene Name
CHRNB2
Uniprot ID
P17787
Uniprot Name
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2
Molecular Weight
57018.575 Da
References
  1. Hendrickson LM, Guildford MJ, Tapper AR: Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: common molecular substrates of nicotine and alcohol dependence. Front Psychiatry. 2013 Apr 30;4:29. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00029. eCollection 2013. [Article]
  2. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
G-protein activated inward rectifier potassium channel activity
Specific Function
This potassium channel is controlled by G proteins. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their...
Gene Name
KCNJ3
Uniprot ID
P48549
Uniprot Name
G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 1
Molecular Weight
56602.84 Da
References
  1. Spanagel R: Alcoholism: a systems approach from molecular physiology to addictive behavior. Physiol Rev. 2009 Apr;89(2):649-705. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00013.2008. [Article]
  2. Bodhinathan K, Slesinger PA: Molecular mechanism underlying ethanol activation of G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Nov 5;110(45):18309-14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1311406110. Epub 2013 Oct 21. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Inward rectifier potassium channel activity
Specific Function
This potassium channel may be involved in the regulation of insulin secretion by glucose and/or neurotransmitters acting through G-protein-coupled receptors. Inward rectifier potassium channels are...
Gene Name
KCNJ6
Uniprot ID
P48051
Uniprot Name
G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2
Molecular Weight
48450.96 Da
References
  1. Spanagel R: Alcoholism: a systems approach from molecular physiology to addictive behavior. Physiol Rev. 2009 Apr;89(2):649-705. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00013.2008. [Article]
  2. Bodhinathan K, Slesinger PA: Molecular mechanism underlying ethanol activation of G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Nov 5;110(45):18309-14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1311406110. Epub 2013 Oct 21. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Primary amine oxidase activity
Specific Function
Important in cell-cell recognition. Appears to function in leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion. Interacts with integrin alpha-4/beta-1 (ITGA4/ITGB1) on leukocytes, and mediates both adhesion and si...
Gene Name
VCAM1
Uniprot ID
P19320
Uniprot Name
Vascular cell adhesion protein 1
Molecular Weight
81275.43 Da
References
  1. Arevalo E, Shanmugasundararaj S, Wilkemeyer MF, Dou X, Chen S, Charness ME, Miller KW: An alcohol binding site on the neural cell adhesion molecule L1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jan 8;105(1):371-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0707815105. Epub 2007 Dec 28. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates both influx and efflux of nucleosides across the membrane (equilibrative transporter). It is sensitive (ES) to low concentrations of the inhibitor nitrobenzylmercaptopurine riboside (NBMPR...
Gene Name
SLC29A1
Uniprot ID
Q99808
Uniprot Name
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1
Molecular Weight
50218.805 Da
References
  1. Allen-Gipson DS, Jarrell JC, Bailey KL, Robinson JE, Kharbanda KK, Sisson JH, Wyatt TA: Ethanol blocks adenosine uptake via inhibiting the nucleoside transport system in bronchial epithelial cells. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2009 May;33(5):791-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.00897.x. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
G-protein activated inward rectifier potassium channel activity
Specific Function
This potassium channel is controlled by G proteins. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their...
Gene Name
KCNJ5
Uniprot ID
P48544
Uniprot Name
G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 4
Molecular Weight
47667.3 Da
References
  1. Spanagel R: Alcoholism: a systems approach from molecular physiology to addictive behavior. Physiol Rev. 2009 Apr;89(2):649-705. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00013.2008. [Article]
  2. Bodhinathan K, Slesinger PA: Molecular mechanism underlying ethanol activation of G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Nov 5;110(45):18309-14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1311406110. Epub 2013 Oct 21. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Toxic substance binding
Specific Function
After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane. The cha...
Gene Name
CHRNA7
Uniprot ID
P36544
Uniprot Name
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7
Molecular Weight
56448.925 Da
References
  1. Hendrickson LM, Guildford MJ, Tapper AR: Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: common molecular substrates of nicotine and alcohol dependence. Front Psychiatry. 2013 Apr 30;4:29. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00029. eCollection 2013. [Article]
  2. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Calcium channel activity
Specific Function
Ionotropic receptor with a probable role in the modulation of auditory stimuli. Agonist binding induces a conformation change that leads to the opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasm...
Gene Name
CHRNA9
Uniprot ID
Q9UGM1
Uniprot Name
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9
Molecular Weight
54806.63 Da
References
  1. Hendrickson LM, Guildford MJ, Tapper AR: Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: common molecular substrates of nicotine and alcohol dependence. Front Psychiatry. 2013 Apr 30;4:29. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00029. eCollection 2013. [Article]
  2. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Ligand-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
Component of the heteropentameric receptor for GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain. Functions also as histamine receptor and mediates cellular responses to histamine...
Gene Name
GABRB1
Uniprot ID
P18505
Uniprot Name
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1
Molecular Weight
54234.085 Da
References
  1. Santhakumar V, Wallner M, Otis TS: Ethanol acts directly on extrasynaptic subtypes of GABAA receptors to increase tonic inhibition. Alcohol. 2007 May;41(3):211-21. [Article]
  2. Davies M: The role of GABAA receptors in mediating the effects of alcohol in the central nervous system. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003 Jul;28(4):263-74. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Gaba-gated chloride ion channel activity
Specific Function
Component of the heteropentameric receptor for GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain. Functions also as histamine receptor and mediates cellular responses to histamine...
Gene Name
GABRB3
Uniprot ID
P28472
Uniprot Name
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3
Molecular Weight
54115.04 Da
References
  1. Santhakumar V, Wallner M, Otis TS: Ethanol acts directly on extrasynaptic subtypes of GABAA receptors to increase tonic inhibition. Alcohol. 2007 May;41(3):211-21. [Article]
  2. Davies M: The role of GABAA receptors in mediating the effects of alcohol in the central nervous system. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003 Jul;28(4):263-74. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Inhibitory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
Component of the heteropentameric receptor for GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain. Functions also as histamine receptor and mediates cellular responses to histamine...
Gene Name
GABRB2
Uniprot ID
P47870
Uniprot Name
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2
Molecular Weight
59149.895 Da
References
  1. Santhakumar V, Wallner M, Otis TS: Ethanol acts directly on extrasynaptic subtypes of GABAA receptors to increase tonic inhibition. Alcohol. 2007 May;41(3):211-21. [Article]
  2. Davies M: The role of GABAA receptors in mediating the effects of alcohol in the central nervous system. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003 Jul;28(4):263-74. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
Specific Function
Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
Gene Name
CACNA1S
Uniprot ID
Q13698
Uniprot Name
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S
Molecular Weight
212348.1 Da
References
  1. Hendricson AW, Thomas MP, Lippmann MJ, Morrisett RA: Suppression of L-type voltage-gated calcium channel-dependent synaptic plasticity by ethanol: analysis of miniature synaptic currents and dendritic calcium transients. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Nov;307(2):550-8. Epub 2003 Sep 11. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Voltage-gated calcium channel activity involved sa node cell action potential
Specific Function
Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hor...
Gene Name
CACNA1D
Uniprot ID
Q01668
Uniprot Name
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D
Molecular Weight
245138.75 Da
References
  1. Hendricson AW, Thomas MP, Lippmann MJ, Morrisett RA: Suppression of L-type voltage-gated calcium channel-dependent synaptic plasticity by ethanol: analysis of miniature synaptic currents and dendritic calcium transients. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Nov;307(2):550-8. Epub 2003 Sep 11. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Ligand-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane.
Gene Name
CHRNB4
Uniprot ID
P30926
Uniprot Name
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-4
Molecular Weight
56378.985 Da
References
  1. Hendrickson LM, Guildford MJ, Tapper AR: Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: common molecular substrates of nicotine and alcohol dependence. Front Psychiatry. 2013 Apr 30;4:29. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00029. eCollection 2013. [Article]
  2. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Ligand-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane.
Gene Name
CHRNA3
Uniprot ID
P32297
Uniprot Name
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3
Molecular Weight
57479.54 Da
References
  1. Hendrickson LM, Guildford MJ, Tapper AR: Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: common molecular substrates of nicotine and alcohol dependence. Front Psychiatry. 2013 Apr 30;4:29. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00029. eCollection 2013. [Article]
  2. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Ligand-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane.
Gene Name
CHRNA5
Uniprot ID
P30532
Uniprot Name
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-5
Molecular Weight
53053.965 Da
References
  1. Hendrickson LM, Guildford MJ, Tapper AR: Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: common molecular substrates of nicotine and alcohol dependence. Front Psychiatry. 2013 Apr 30;4:29. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00029. eCollection 2013. [Article]
  2. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Acetylcholine-activated cation-selective channel activity
Specific Function
After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane.
Gene Name
CHRNA6
Uniprot ID
Q15825
Uniprot Name
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-6
Molecular Weight
56897.745 Da
References
  1. Hendrickson LM, Guildford MJ, Tapper AR: Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: common molecular substrates of nicotine and alcohol dependence. Front Psychiatry. 2013 Apr 30;4:29. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00029. eCollection 2013. [Article]
  2. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Drug binding
Specific Function
After binding acetylcholine, the AChR responds by an extensive change in conformation that affects all subunits and leads to opening of an ion-conducting channel across the plasma membrane.
Gene Name
CHRNB3
Uniprot ID
Q05901
Uniprot Name
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-3
Molecular Weight
52728.215 Da
References
  1. Hendrickson LM, Guildford MJ, Tapper AR: Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: common molecular substrates of nicotine and alcohol dependence. Front Psychiatry. 2013 Apr 30;4:29. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00029. eCollection 2013. [Article]
  2. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Inhibitory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Gene Name
GABRG1
Uniprot ID
Q8N1C3
Uniprot Name
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1
Molecular Weight
53594.49 Da
References
  1. Santhakumar V, Wallner M, Otis TS: Ethanol acts directly on extrasynaptic subtypes of GABAA receptors to increase tonic inhibition. Alcohol. 2007 May;41(3):211-21. [Article]
  2. Davies M: The role of GABAA receptors in mediating the effects of alcohol in the central nervous system. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003 Jul;28(4):263-74. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Inhibitory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Gene Name
GABRG3
Uniprot ID
Q99928
Uniprot Name
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3
Molecular Weight
54288.16 Da
References
  1. Santhakumar V, Wallner M, Otis TS: Ethanol acts directly on extrasynaptic subtypes of GABAA receptors to increase tonic inhibition. Alcohol. 2007 May;41(3):211-21. [Article]
  2. Davies M: The role of GABAA receptors in mediating the effects of alcohol in the central nervous system. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003 Jul;28(4):263-74. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Inhibitory extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity
Specific Function
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Gene Name
GABRE
Uniprot ID
P78334
Uniprot Name
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon
Molecular Weight
57971.175 Da
References
  1. Santhakumar V, Wallner M, Otis TS: Ethanol acts directly on extrasynaptic subtypes of GABAA receptors to increase tonic inhibition. Alcohol. 2007 May;41(3):211-21. [Article]
  2. Davies M: The role of GABAA receptors in mediating the effects of alcohol in the central nervous system. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003 Jul;28(4):263-74. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Gaba-a receptor activity
Specific Function
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel. In the ute...
Gene Name
GABRP
Uniprot ID
O00591
Uniprot Name
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi
Molecular Weight
50639.735 Da
References
  1. Santhakumar V, Wallner M, Otis TS: Ethanol acts directly on extrasynaptic subtypes of GABAA receptors to increase tonic inhibition. Alcohol. 2007 May;41(3):211-21. [Article]
  2. Davies M: The role of GABAA receptors in mediating the effects of alcohol in the central nervous system. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003 Jul;28(4):263-74. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Transmembrane signaling receptor activity
Specific Function
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Gene Name
GABRQ
Uniprot ID
Q9UN88
Uniprot Name
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta
Molecular Weight
72020.875 Da
References
  1. Santhakumar V, Wallner M, Otis TS: Ethanol acts directly on extrasynaptic subtypes of GABAA receptors to increase tonic inhibition. Alcohol. 2007 May;41(3):211-21. [Article]
  2. Davies M: The role of GABAA receptors in mediating the effects of alcohol in the central nervous system. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003 Jul;28(4):263-74. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Gaba-a receptor activity
Specific Function
GABA, the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate brain, mediates neuronal inhibition by binding to the GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and opening an integral chloride channel.
Gene Name
GABRD
Uniprot ID
O14764
Uniprot Name
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta
Molecular Weight
50707.835 Da
References
  1. Santhakumar V, Wallner M, Otis TS: Ethanol acts directly on extrasynaptic subtypes of GABAA receptors to increase tonic inhibition. Alcohol. 2007 May;41(3):211-21. [Article]
  2. Davies M: The role of GABAA receptors in mediating the effects of alcohol in the central nervous system. J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003 Jul;28(4):263-74. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates equilibrative transport of purine, pyrimidine nucleosides and the purine base hypoxanthine. Very less sensitive than SLC29A1 to inhibition by nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBMPR), dipyridamole, ...
Gene Name
SLC29A2
Uniprot ID
Q14542
Uniprot Name
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2
Molecular Weight
50112.335 Da
References
  1. Allen-Gipson DS, Jarrell JC, Bailey KL, Robinson JE, Kharbanda KK, Sisson JH, Wyatt TA: Ethanol blocks adenosine uptake via inhibiting the nucleoside transport system in bronchial epithelial cells. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2009 May;33(5):791-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.00897.x. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Serotonin-activated cation-selective channel activity
Specific Function
This is one of the several different receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor is a ligand-gate...
Gene Name
HTR3E
Uniprot ID
A5X5Y0
Uniprot Name
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3E
Molecular Weight
51437.415 Da
References
  1. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Serotonin-activated cation-selective channel activity
Specific Function
This is one of the several different receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor is a ligand-gate...
Gene Name
HTR3B
Uniprot ID
O95264
Uniprot Name
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B
Molecular Weight
50291.3 Da
References
  1. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Serotonin-activated cation-selective channel activity
Specific Function
This is one of the several different receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor is a ligand-gate...
Gene Name
HTR3D
Uniprot ID
Q70Z44
Uniprot Name
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3D
Molecular Weight
50190.625 Da
References
  1. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Serotonin-activated cation-selective channel activity
Specific Function
This is one of the several different receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. This receptor is a ligand-gate...
Gene Name
HTR3C
Uniprot ID
Q8WXA8
Uniprot Name
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3C
Molecular Weight
50219.07 Da
References
  1. Dopico AM, Lovinger DM: Acute alcohol action and desensitization of ligand-gated ion channels. Pharmacol Rev. 2009 Mar;61(1):98-114. doi: 10.1124/pr.108.000430. Epub 2009 Mar 6. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
Specific Function
Regulates the trafficking and gating properties of AMPA-selective glutamate receptors (AMPARs). Promotes their targeting to the cell membrane and synapses and modulates their gating properties by s...
Gene Name
CACNG2
Uniprot ID
Q9Y698
Uniprot Name
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit
Molecular Weight
35965.44 Da
References
  1. Hendricson AW, Thomas MP, Lippmann MJ, Morrisett RA: Suppression of L-type voltage-gated calcium channel-dependent synaptic plasticity by ethanol: analysis of miniature synaptic currents and dendritic calcium transients. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Nov;307(2):550-8. Epub 2003 Sep 11. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
G-protein activated inward rectifier potassium channel activity
Specific Function
This receptor is controlled by G proteins. Inward rectifier potassium channels are characterized by a greater tendency to allow potassium to flow into the cell rather than out of it. Their voltage ...
Gene Name
KCNJ9
Uniprot ID
Q92806
Uniprot Name
G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 3
Molecular Weight
44019.45 Da
References
  1. Spanagel R: Alcoholism: a systems approach from molecular physiology to addictive behavior. Physiol Rev. 2009 Apr;89(2):649-705. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00013.2008. [Article]
  2. Bodhinathan K, Slesinger PA: Molecular mechanism underlying ethanol activation of G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium channels. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Nov 5;110(45):18309-14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1311406110. Epub 2013 Oct 21. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Neural cell adhesion molecule involved in the dynamics of cell adhesion and in the generation of transmembrane signals at tyrosine kinase receptors. During brain development, critical in multiple processes, including neuronal migration, axonal growth and fasciculation, and synaptogenesis. In the mature brain, plays a role in the dynamics of neuronal structure and function, including synaptic plasticity.
Specific Function
Protein domain specific binding
Gene Name
L1CAM
Uniprot ID
P32004
Uniprot Name
Neural cell adhesion molecule L1
Molecular Weight
140001.87 Da
References
  1. Arevalo E, Shanmugasundararaj S, Wilkemeyer MF, Dou X, Chen S, Charness ME, Miller KW: An alcohol binding site on the neural cell adhesion molecule L1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jan 8;105(1):371-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0707815105. Epub 2007 Dec 28. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Activator
General Function
Serine hydrolase activity
Specific Function
Terminates signal transduction at the neuromuscular junction by rapid hydrolysis of the acetylcholine released into the synaptic cleft. Role in neuronal apoptosis.
Gene Name
ACHE
Uniprot ID
P22303
Uniprot Name
Acetylcholinesterase
Molecular Weight
67795.525 Da
References
  1. Harrison PK, Connor M, Kelly E: Chronic ethanol promotes the neuronal differentiation of NG108-15 cells independently of toxin-sensitive G-proteins. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 1997 Sep;3(4):307-19. doi: 10.1016/s1382-6689(97)00023-9. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
No
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Could function in retinol oxidation for the synthesis of retinoic acid, a hormone important for cellular differentiation. Medium-chain (octanol) and aromatic (m-nitrobenzaldehyde) compounds are the...
Gene Name
ADH7
Uniprot ID
P40394
Uniprot Name
Alcohol dehydrogenase class 4 mu/sigma chain
Molecular Weight
41480.985 Da
References
  1. Piccioni A, Tarli C, Cardone S, Brigida M, D'Addio S, Covino M, Zanza C, Merra G, Ojetti V, Gasbarrini A, Addolorato G, Franceschi F: Role of first aid in the management of acute alcohol intoxication: a narrative review. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2020 Sep;24(17):9121-9128. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202009_22859. [Article]

Enzymes

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Vitamin d 24-hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP1A1
Uniprot ID
P04798
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 1A1
Molecular Weight
58164.815 Da
References
  1. Busby WF Jr, Ackermann JM, Crespi CL: Effect of methanol, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and acetonitrile on in vitro activities of cDNA-expressed human cytochromes P-450. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Feb;27(2):246-9. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Curator comments
Data supporting this enzyme action are limited to in vitro studies.
General Function
Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP1A2
Uniprot ID
P05177
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 1A2
Molecular Weight
58293.76 Da
References
  1. Salmela KS, Tsyrlov IB, Lieber CS: Azide inhibits human cytochrome P -4502E1, 1A2, and 3A4. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2001 Feb;25(2):253-60. [Article]
  2. Rendic S: Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP2B6
Uniprot ID
P20813
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 2B6
Molecular Weight
56277.81 Da
References
  1. Rendic S: Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448. [Article]
  2. Busby WF Jr, Ackermann JM, Crespi CL: Effect of methanol, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and acetonitrile on in vitro activities of cDNA-expressed human cytochromes P-450. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Feb;27(2):246-9. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
Curator comments
Data based on findings of in vitro studies.
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP2C9
Uniprot ID
P11712
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 2C9
Molecular Weight
55627.365 Da
References
  1. Tatsumi A, Ikegami Y, Morii R, Sugiyama M, Kadobayashi M, Iwakawa S: Effect of ethanol on S-warfarin and diclofenac metabolism by recombinant human CYP2C9.1. Biol Pharm Bull. 2009 Mar;32(3):517-9. [Article]
  2. Thu OKF, Spigset O, Hellum B: Noncompetitive inhibition of human CYP2C9 in vitro by a commercial Rhodiola rosea product. Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2017 Aug;5(4). doi: 10.1002/prp2.324. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and im...
Gene Name
CYP2C19
Uniprot ID
P33261
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 2C19
Molecular Weight
55930.545 Da
References
  1. Rendic S: Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448. [Article]
  2. Busby WF Jr, Ackermann JM, Crespi CL: Effect of methanol, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and acetonitrile on in vitro activities of cDNA-expressed human cytochromes P-450. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Feb;27(2):246-9. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inducer
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Metabolizes several precarcinogens, drugs, and solvents to reactive metabolites. Inactivates a number of drugs and xenobiotics and also bioactivates many xenobiotic substrates to their hepatotoxic ...
Gene Name
CYP2E1
Uniprot ID
P05181
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 2E1
Molecular Weight
56848.42 Da
References
  1. Lewis DF, Modi S, Dickins M: Structure-activity relationship for human cytochrome P450 substrates and inhibitors. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):69-82. [Article]
  2. Rendic S: Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448. [Article]
  3. Nakamura K, Iwahashi K, Ameno K, Sekine Y, Suzuki K, Minabe Y, Mori N: CYP2E1 and clinical features in alcoholics. Neuropsychobiology. 2003;47(2):86-9. doi: 10.1159/000070014. [Article]
  4. Ueshima Y, Tsutsumi M, Takase S, Matsuda Y, Kawahara H: Acetaminophen metabolism in patients with different cytochrome P-4502E1 genotypes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1996 Feb;20(1 Suppl):25A-28A. [Article]
  5. Roberts BJ, Shoaf SE, Jeong KS, Song BJ: Induction of CYP2E1 in liver, kidney, brain and intestine during chronic ethanol administration and withdrawal: evidence that CYP2E1 possesses a rapid phase half-life of 6 hours or less. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Dec 15;205(2):1064-71. doi: 10.1006/bbrc.1994.2774. [Article]
  6. Thummel KE, Slattery JT, Ro H, Chien JY, Nelson SD, Lown KE, Watkins PB: Ethanol and production of the hepatotoxic metabolite of acetaminophen in healthy adults. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Jun;67(6):591-9. doi: 10.1067/mcp.2000.106574. [Article]
  7. Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inhibitor
Inducer
Curator comments
Appears to produce induction in the long-term but may produce inhibition in an acute context.
General Function
Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
Gene Name
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID
P08684
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 3A4
Molecular Weight
57342.67 Da
References
  1. Rendic S: Summary of information on human CYP enzymes: human P450 metabolism data. Drug Metab Rev. 2002 Feb-May;34(1-2):83-448. [Article]
  2. Dupont I, Berthou F, Bodenez P, Bardou L, Guirriec C, Stephan N, Dreano Y, Lucas D: Involvement of cytochromes P-450 2E1 and 3A4 in the 5-hydroxylation of salicylate in humans. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Mar;27(3):322-6. [Article]
  3. Feierman DE, Melinkov Z, Nanji AA: Induction of CYP3A by ethanol in multiple in vitro and in vivo models. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2003 Jun;27(6):981-8. doi: 10.1097/01.ALC.0000071738.53337.F4. [Article]
  4. Kostrubsky VE, Strom SC, Wood SG, Wrighton SA, Sinclair PR, Sinclair JF: Ethanol and isopentanol increase CYP3A and CYP2E in primary cultures of human hepatocytes. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995 Oct 1;322(2):516-20. doi: 10.1006/abbi.1995.1495. [Article]
  5. Salmela KS, Tsyrlov IB, Lieber CS: Azide inhibits human cytochrome P -4502E1, 1A2, and 3A4. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2001 Feb;25(2):253-60. [Article]
  6. Patki KC, Greenblatt DJ, von Moltke LL: Ethanol inhibits in-vitro metabolism of nifedipine, triazolam and testosterone in human liver microsomes. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2004 Aug;56(8):963-6. doi: 10.1211/0022357043950. [Article]
  7. Busby WF Jr, Ackermann JM, Crespi CL: Effect of methanol, ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, and acetonitrile on in vitro activities of cDNA-expressed human cytochromes P-450. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Feb;27(2):246-9. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Leukotriene-b4 20-monooxygenase activity
Specific Function
Catalyzes the omega- and (omega-1)-hydroxylation of various fatty acids such as laurate, myristate and palmitate. Has little activity toward prostaglandins A1 and E1. Oxidizes arachidonic acid to 2...
Gene Name
CYP4A11
Uniprot ID
Q02928
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 4A11
Molecular Weight
59347.31 Da
References
  1. Cummings BS, Lasker JM, Lash LH: Expression of glutathione-dependent enzymes and cytochrome P450s in freshly isolated and primary cultures of proximal tubular cells from human kidney. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 May;293(2):677-85. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
ADH1A
Uniprot ID
P07327
Uniprot Name
Alcohol dehydrogenase 1A
Molecular Weight
39858.37 Da
References
  1. Hernandez-Tobias A, Julian-Sanchez A, Pina E, Riveros-Rosas H: Natural alcohol exposure: is ethanol the main substrate for alcohol dehydrogenases in animals? Chem Biol Interact. 2011 May 30;191(1-3):14-25. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2011.02.008. Epub 2011 Feb 15. [Article]
  2. Matsumoto M, Cyganek I, Sanghani PC, Cho WK, Liangpunsakul S, Crabb DW: Ethanol metabolism by HeLa cells transduced with human alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzymes: control of the pathway by acetaldehyde concentration. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2011 Jan;35(1):28-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01319.x. [Article]
  3. Nishimura FT, Kimura Y, Abe S, Fukunaga T, Saijoh K: Effects of polymorphisms in untranslated regions of the class I alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) genes on alcohol metabolism in Japanese subjects and transcriptional activity in HepG2 cells. Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai Zasshi. 2009 Jun;44(3):139-55. [Article]
  4. Jelski W, Kozlowski M, Laudanski J, Niklinski J, Szmitkowski M: The activity of class I, II, III, and IV alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) isoenzymes and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in esophageal cancer. Dig Dis Sci. 2009 Apr;54(4):725-30. doi: 10.1007/s10620-008-0422-8. Epub 2008 Aug 9. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
ADH1B
Uniprot ID
P00325
Uniprot Name
Alcohol dehydrogenase 1B
Molecular Weight
39854.21 Da
References
  1. Hernandez-Tobias A, Julian-Sanchez A, Pina E, Riveros-Rosas H: Natural alcohol exposure: is ethanol the main substrate for alcohol dehydrogenases in animals? Chem Biol Interact. 2011 May 30;191(1-3):14-25. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2011.02.008. Epub 2011 Feb 15. [Article]
  2. Matsumoto M, Cyganek I, Sanghani PC, Cho WK, Liangpunsakul S, Crabb DW: Ethanol metabolism by HeLa cells transduced with human alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzymes: control of the pathway by acetaldehyde concentration. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2011 Jan;35(1):28-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01319.x. [Article]
  3. Nishimura FT, Kimura Y, Abe S, Fukunaga T, Saijoh K: Effects of polymorphisms in untranslated regions of the class I alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) genes on alcohol metabolism in Japanese subjects and transcriptional activity in HepG2 cells. Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai Zasshi. 2009 Jun;44(3):139-55. [Article]
  4. Jelski W, Kozlowski M, Laudanski J, Niklinski J, Szmitkowski M: The activity of class I, II, III, and IV alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) isoenzymes and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in esophageal cancer. Dig Dis Sci. 2009 Apr;54(4):725-30. doi: 10.1007/s10620-008-0422-8. Epub 2008 Aug 9. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
ADH1C
Uniprot ID
P00326
Uniprot Name
Alcohol dehydrogenase 1C
Molecular Weight
39867.27 Da
References
  1. Hernandez-Tobias A, Julian-Sanchez A, Pina E, Riveros-Rosas H: Natural alcohol exposure: is ethanol the main substrate for alcohol dehydrogenases in animals? Chem Biol Interact. 2011 May 30;191(1-3):14-25. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2011.02.008. Epub 2011 Feb 15. [Article]
  2. Matsumoto M, Cyganek I, Sanghani PC, Cho WK, Liangpunsakul S, Crabb DW: Ethanol metabolism by HeLa cells transduced with human alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzymes: control of the pathway by acetaldehyde concentration. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2011 Jan;35(1):28-38. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01319.x. [Article]
  3. Nishimura FT, Kimura Y, Abe S, Fukunaga T, Saijoh K: Effects of polymorphisms in untranslated regions of the class I alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) genes on alcohol metabolism in Japanese subjects and transcriptional activity in HepG2 cells. Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai Zasshi. 2009 Jun;44(3):139-55. [Article]
  4. Jelski W, Kozlowski M, Laudanski J, Niklinski J, Szmitkowski M: The activity of class I, II, III, and IV alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) isoenzymes and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in esophageal cancer. Dig Dis Sci. 2009 Apr;54(4):725-30. doi: 10.1007/s10620-008-0422-8. Epub 2008 Aug 9. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Class-III ADH is remarkably ineffective in oxidizing ethanol, but it readily catalyzes the oxidation of long-chain primary alcohols and the oxidation of S-(hydroxymethyl) glutathione.
Gene Name
ADH5
Uniprot ID
P11766
Uniprot Name
Alcohol dehydrogenase class-3
Molecular Weight
39723.945 Da
References
  1. Lee SL, Chau GY, Yao CT, Wu CW, Yin SJ: Functional assessment of human alcohol dehydrogenase family in ethanol metabolism: significance of first-pass metabolism. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2006 Jul;30(7):1132-42. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
ADH4
Uniprot ID
P08319
Uniprot Name
Alcohol dehydrogenase 4
Molecular Weight
40221.335 Da
References
  1. Lee SL, Chau GY, Yao CT, Wu CW, Yin SJ: Functional assessment of human alcohol dehydrogenase family in ethanol metabolism: significance of first-pass metabolism. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2006 Jul;30(7):1132-42. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Could function in retinol oxidation for the synthesis of retinoic acid, a hormone important for cellular differentiation. Medium-chain (octanol) and aromatic (m-nitrobenzaldehyde) compounds are the...
Gene Name
ADH7
Uniprot ID
P40394
Uniprot Name
Alcohol dehydrogenase class 4 mu/sigma chain
Molecular Weight
41480.985 Da
References
  1. Lee SL, Chau GY, Yao CT, Wu CW, Yin SJ: Functional assessment of human alcohol dehydrogenase family in ethanol metabolism: significance of first-pass metabolism. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2006 Jul;30(7):1132-42. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
ADH6
Uniprot ID
P28332
Uniprot Name
Alcohol dehydrogenase 6
Molecular Weight
39088.335 Da
References
  1. Lee SL, Chau GY, Yao CT, Wu CW, Yin SJ: Functional assessment of human alcohol dehydrogenase family in ethanol metabolism: significance of first-pass metabolism. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2006 Jul;30(7):1132-42. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
General Function
L-glucuronate reductase activity
Specific Function
Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a variety of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes to their corresponding alcohols. Catalyzes the reduction of mevaldate to mevalonic acid and of glyceraldehyd...
Gene Name
AKR1A1
Uniprot ID
P14550
Uniprot Name
Alcohol dehydrogenase [NADP(+)]
Molecular Weight
36572.71 Da
References
  1. Lee SL, Chau GY, Yao CT, Wu CW, Yin SJ: Functional assessment of human alcohol dehydrogenase family in ethanol metabolism: significance of first-pass metabolism. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2006 Jul;30(7):1132-42. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at February 20, 2024 23:55