Cromoglicic acid
Identification
- Summary
Cromoglicic acid is a medication used to treat asthma, allergic reactions of the eyes and nose, as well as other mast cell reactions.
- Brand Names
- Gastrocrom, Nalcrom, Nasalcrom
- Generic Name
- Cromoglicic acid
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB01003
- Background
A chromone complex that acts by inhibiting the release of chemical mediators from sensitized mast cells. It is used in the prophylactic treatment of both allergic and exercise-induced asthma, but does not affect an established asthmatic attack.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved
- Structure
- Weight
- Average: 468.3665
Monoisotopic: 468.069261354 - Chemical Formula
- C23H16O11
- Synonyms
- 5-[3-(2-carboxy-4-oxo-4H-5-chromenyloxy)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-4-oxo-4H-2-chromenecarboxylic acid
- Acide Cromoglicique
- Acido Cromoglicico
- Acidum Cromoglicicum
- Cromoglicate
- Cromoglicic acid
- Cromoglycate
- Cromoglycic acid
- Cromolyn
- External IDs
- R03BC01
Pharmacology
- Indication
For the management of patients with bronchial asthma. Also used in the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis, vernal conjunctivitis, and vernal keratitis.
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Management of Asthma •••••••••••• •••••••• •••••••• Prophylaxis of Exercise-induced bronchospasm •••••••••••• •••••••• Adjunct therapy in treatment of Food allergy •••••••••••• ••••••• Treatment of Keratoconjunctivitis •••••••••••• •••••••• • •••••• •••••••••• • ••••• Management of Mastocytosis •••••••••••• •••••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
- Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API
- Pharmacodynamics
Cromoglicate or cromolyn (USAN), a synthetic compound, inhibits antigen-induced bronchospasms and, hence, is used to treat asthma and allergic rhinitis. Cromoglicate is used as an ophthalmic solution to treat conjunctivitis and is taken orally to treat systemic mastocytosis and ulcerative colitis.
- Mechanism of action
Cromoglicate inhibits degranulation of mast cells, subsequently preventing the release of histamine and slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A), mediators of type I allergic reactions. Cromoglicate also may reduce the release of inflammatory leukotrienes. Cromoglicate may act by inhibiting calcium influx.
Target Actions Organism UProtein S100-P antagonistHumans - Absorption
1%
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
1.3 hours
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
- Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.
- Toxicity
Symptoms of overdose include cough, nasal congestion, nausea, sneezing and wheezing.
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs Browse all" title="About SNP Mediated Effects/ADRs" id="snp-actions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions Learn More" title="About Drug Interactions" id="structured-interactions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareMethacholine Cromoglicic acid may decrease effectiveness of Methacholine as a diagnostic agent. Oxymetazoline The absorption of Cromoglicic acid can be decreased when combined with Oxymetazoline. - Food Interactions
- Take before a meal. Take cromolyn sodium 30 minutes before meals.
Products
- Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.
- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Cromoglicate sodium Q2WXR1I0PK 15826-37-6 VLARUOGDXDTHEH-UHFFFAOYSA-L - Product Images
- International/Other Brands
- Aarane (Sanofi) / Allergocrom (Ursapharm) / Colimune (Sanofi) / Cromo-Comod (Ursapharm) / Cromoptic (Bausch & Lomb) / Gastrofrenal (Marvecs Pharma Services) / Lomudal (Sanofi) / Lomusol (Sanofi) / Opticron (Cooper) / Rynacrom (Sanofi) / Vividrin (Bausch & Lomb)
- Brand Name Prescription Products
- Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Apo-cromolyn Sterules Solution 1 % Respiratory (inhalation) Apotex Corporation 1998-06-18 2019-05-04 Canada Crolom Solution / drops 40 mg/1mL Ophthalmic Bauch & Lomb Incorporated 1995-01-30 2010-02-06 US Cromolyn Sodium Solution / drops 40 mg/1mL Ophthalmic Nucare Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 1995-01-30 2019-12-31 US Cromolyn Sodium Solution 20 mg/2mL Oral Actavis Pharma Company 1999-04-02 2010-09-30 US Cromolyn Sodium Solution 100 mg/5mL Oral Wallace Pharmaceuticals Inc. 2015-10-21 2026-06-30 US - Over the Counter Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Allergan Eye Itch Relief Solution 2 % Ophthalmic Allergan Not applicable Not applicable Canada Allergo-COMOD eye drops Solution 20 mg/ml Ophthalmic PHARMAFORTE SINGAPORE PTE LTD 2008-05-03 Not applicable Singapore ALLERGOCROM EYE DROPS 20 mg/ml Solution 20 mg/ml Ophthalmic PHARMAFORTE SINGAPORE PTE LTD 1998-04-06 Not applicable Singapore Anti-allergy Eye Drops Solution 2 % Ophthalmic Pendopharm Division Of Pharmascience Inc Not applicable Not applicable Canada Apo-cromolyn Nasal Spray Spray 2 % Nasal Apotex Corporation 1997-07-28 Not applicable Canada - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image OSMOCROM-N ® Cromoglicate sodium (40 mg) + Naphazoline hydrochloride (0.2 mg) Solution Conjunctival; Ophthalmic QUIBI S.A. EN REESTRUCTURACION 2006-11-10 Not applicable Colombia
Categories
- ATC Codes
- R03AK05 — Reproterol and sodium cromoglicate
- R03AK — Adrenergics in combination with corticosteroids or other drugs, excl. anticholinergics
- R03A — ADRENERGICS, INHALANTS
- R03 — DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES
- R — RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- R03AK — Adrenergics in combination with corticosteroids or other drugs, excl. anticholinergics
- R03A — ADRENERGICS, INHALANTS
- R03 — DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES
- R — RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- R03BC — Antiallergic agents, excl. corticosteroids
- R03B — OTHER DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES, INHALANTS
- R03 — DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES
- R — RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- R01AC — Antiallergic agents, excl. corticosteroids
- R01A — DECONGESTANTS AND OTHER NASAL PREPARATIONS FOR TOPICAL USE
- R01 — NASAL PREPARATIONS
- R — RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- S01GX — Other antiallergics
- S01G — DECONGESTANTS AND ANTIALLERGICS
- S01 — OPHTHALMOLOGICALS
- S — SENSORY ORGANS
- R01AC — Antiallergic agents, excl. corticosteroids
- R01A — DECONGESTANTS AND OTHER NASAL PREPARATIONS FOR TOPICAL USE
- R01 — NASAL PREPARATIONS
- R — RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- S01GX — Other antiallergics
- S01G — DECONGESTANTS AND ANTIALLERGICS
- S01 — OPHTHALMOLOGICALS
- S — SENSORY ORGANS
- D11AH — Agents for dermatitis, excluding corticosteroids
- D11A — OTHER DERMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS
- D11 — OTHER DERMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS
- D — DERMATOLOGICALS
- Drug Categories
- Adrenergics, Inhalants
- Agents for Dermatitis, Excluding Corticosteroids
- Alimentary Tract and Metabolism
- Anti-Allergic Agents
- Anti-Asthmatic Agents
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents
- Antiallergic Agents, Excl. Corticosteroids
- Antidiarrheals, Intestinal Antiinflammatory/antiinfective Agents
- Benzopyrans
- Chromones
- Cromolyn Sodium
- Decongestants and Antiallergics
- Decreased Histamine Release
- Dermatologicals
- Drugs causing inadvertant photosensitivity
- Drugs for Obstructive Airway Diseases
- Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring
- Immunologic Factors
- Intestinal Antiinflammatory Agents
- Mast Cell Stabilizers
- Mast-cell Stabilizers
- Nasal Preparations
- Ophthalmologicals
- Photosensitizing Agents
- Pyrans
- Respiratory System Agents
- Sensory Organs
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as chromones. These are compounds containing a benzopyran-4-one moiety.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organoheterocyclic compounds
- Class
- Benzopyrans
- Sub Class
- 1-benzopyrans
- Direct Parent
- Chromones
- Alternative Parents
- Pyranones and derivatives / Alkyl aryl ethers / Dicarboxylic acids and derivatives / Benzenoids / Vinylogous esters / Heteroaromatic compounds / Secondary alcohols / Oxacyclic compounds / Carboxylic acids / Organic oxides show 1 more
- Substituents
- Alcohol / Alkyl aryl ether / Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound / Benzenoid / Carboxylic acid / Carboxylic acid derivative / Chromone / Dicarboxylic acid or derivatives / Ether / Heteroaromatic compound show 9 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- dicarboxylic acid, chromones (CHEBI:59773)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- Y0TK0FS77W
- CAS number
- 16110-51-3
- InChI Key
- IMZMKUWMOSJXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C23H16O11/c24-11(9-31-14-3-1-5-16-20(14)12(25)7-18(33-16)22(27)28)10-32-15-4-2-6-17-21(15)13(26)8-19(34-17)23(29)30/h1-8,11,24H,9-10H2,(H,27,28)(H,29,30)
- IUPAC Name
- 5-{3-[(2-carboxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-5-yl)oxy]-2-hydroxypropoxy}-4-oxo-4H-chromene-2-carboxylic acid
- SMILES
- OC(COC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C=C(O2)C(O)=O)COC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C=C(O2)C(O)=O
References
- Synthesis Reference
Margit Nagy, Lidia Fedina, Rita Balazs, Borbala Barta, Gizella Toth nee Gyarmati, Judit Marczis, Andras Szasz, "Antiasthmatic aerosol preparation of sodium cromoglycate." U.S. Patent US5753208, issued June, 1965.
US5753208- General References
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0015138
- KEGG Drug
- D07753
- KEGG Compound
- C06928
- PubChem Compound
- 2882
- PubChem Substance
- 46504509
- ChemSpider
- 2779
- BindingDB
- 50440033
- 2921
- ChEBI
- 59773
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL428880
- ZINC
- ZINC000001530788
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DAP000819
- PharmGKB
- PA449138
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Cromoglicic_acid
- MSDS
- Download (58.3 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Completed Treatment Eosinophilic Esophagitis 1 4 Unknown Status Not Available Dyspepsia 1 3 Completed Treatment Alzheimer's Disease (AD) 1 3 Recruiting Treatment Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‑19) / COVID-19 Pneumonia / COVID-19 Respiratory Infection / Viral Pneumonia 1 3 Terminated Treatment Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- King pharmaceuticals inc
- Sanofi aventis us llc
- Ucb inc
- Genera pharmaceuticals llc
- Azur pharma international ltd
- Bausch and lomb pharmaceuticals inc
- Akorn inc
- Alcon laboratories inc
- Novex pharma
- Allergan inc
- Actavis mid atlantic llc
- Dey lp
- Pharmascience inc
- Roxane laboratories inc
- Teva parenteral medicines inc
- Watson laboratories inc
- Wockhardt eu operations (swiss) ag
- L perrigo co
- Qpharma llc
- Blacksmith brands inc
- Packagers
- 3M Health Care
- Actavis Group
- Akorn Inc.
- Alcon Laboratories
- Amerisource Health Services Corp.
- Apotex Inc.
- Automatic Liquid Packaging Inc.
- AzurPharma Inc.
- Bausch & Lomb Inc.
- Cardinal Health
- Catalent Pharma Solutions
- CVS Pharmacy
- Dey Pharma LP
- Dispensing Solutions
- Falcon Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
- Fisons PLC
- Ivax Pharmaceuticals
- King Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply
- Major Pharmaceuticals
- Medisca Inc.
- Novex Pharma
- Pacific Pharma Lp
- Pack Pharmaceuticals
- Pharmacia Inc.
- Pharmedix
- Physicians Total Care Inc.
- Prescript Pharmaceuticals
- Rhone Poulenc Rorer Respiratory
- Sanofi-Aventis Inc.
- Sorter Labs
- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
- Warrick Pharmaceuticals Corp.
- Wockhardt Ltd.
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Aerosol, metered Respiratory (inhalation) 1 mg Solution Ophthalmic 0.02 g Solution Nasal 40.000 mg Solution / drops Ophthalmic 10 ml Spray Nasal Spray Nasal 2 % Solution / drops Conjunctival Solution / drops Ophthalmic Tablet Oral 40.000 mg Solution / drops Ophthalmic 40 mg/1mL Solution / drops; suspension / drops Ophthalmic 10 mg/0.5mL Solution Ophthalmic 2 g/100ml Solution Conjunctival; Ophthalmic; Topical Spray Nasal 20 mg/mL Solution / drops Ophthalmic 20 mg/1ml Solution Intrasinal; Nasal 20 g Solution Intrasinal; Nasal 2000000 mg Solution Ophthalmic 20 mg Solution Ophthalmic 20 mg/mL Solution Ophthalmic 40 mg Solution Intrasinal; Nasal 20 mg Solution Conjunctival; Ophthalmic 20 mg Solution Nasal; Respiratory (inhalation) 4 g Solution Conjunctival; Ophthalmic 40 mg Solution Intrasinal; Nasal 40 mg Solution Nasal; Respiratory (inhalation) 40 mg Solution Intrasinal; Nasal 2 g Solution / drops Ophthalmic 20 mg/mL Solution Conjunctival; Intraocular; Ophthalmic 40 mg Solution Ophthalmic 2 % Inhalant Intrabronchial 20 mg/2mL Solution Intrabronchial 20 mg/2mL Solution Ophthalmic 40 mg/1mL Solution Oral 100 mg/5mL Solution Oral 20 mg/2mL Solution Respiratory (inhalation) 20 mg/2mL Solution, concentrate Oral 20 mg/1mL Spray, metered Nasal 5.2 mg/1mL Capsule Oral 20 mg Solution Ophthalmic 40.00 mg Solution / drops Ophthalmic 4 % Liquid Oral 20 mg/1mL Solution, concentrate Oral 100 mg/5mL Capsule Oral Granule, for solution Oral Liquid Respiratory (inhalation) 1 % Aerosol, metered; solution Nasal 2 % Inhalant Respiratory (inhalation) 1 mg/1 Inhalant Respiratory (inhalation) 20 mg/2mL Aerosol Respiratory (inhalation) 1 mg Aerosol Respiratory (inhalation) 5 mg Suspension Respiratory (inhalation) 5 mg Aerosol, metered Respiratory (inhalation) 1 mg / dose Gas Respiratory (inhalation) 1 mg Solution Respiratory (inhalation) 20 mg Powder Respiratory (inhalation) 20 mg / pck Aerosol, metered Respiratory (inhalation) 1 mg / act Aerosol Nasal 20 mg/2ml Powder Respiratory (inhalation) 20 MG Solution / drops Nasal 40 mg/ml Solution / drops Ophthalmic 2 % Solution / drops Ophthalmic 40 MG/ML Spray Nasal 40 MG/ML Capsule Oral 100 MG Granule, for solution Oral 250 MG Granule, for solution Oral 500 MG Spray, metered Nasal 5.2 mg/1 Solution / drops; suspension / drops Ophthalmic 20 MG/ML Solution Nasal; Respiratory (inhalation) 20 mg Solution Conjunctival; Intrasinal; Nasal 40 mg Solution Respiratory (inhalation) 1 % Liquid; spray Nasal 2 % Solution Respiratory (inhalation) 10 mg / mL Solution Ophthalmic; Topical 20 mg Solution Ophthalmic 2 % w/v Liquid Ophthalmic 2 % Solution Conjunctival; Ophthalmic Spray, metered Nasal 2 % w/v Spray Nasal Solution Ophthalmic 40.000 mg Aerosol, metered Nasal 2 % Ointment Ophthalmic 40 mg / g Solution / drops Ophthalmic Liquid Ophthalmic 20 mg/1ml Solution Conjunctival; Intrasinal; Ophthalmic 40 mg - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Cromolyn Sodium 4% Solution 10ml Bottle 38.74USD bottle Cromolyn sodium powder 9.49USD g Intal inhaler 5.77USD g Crolom 4% eye drops 4.46USD ml Gastrocrom 100 mg/5ml Concentrate 5ml Ampule 3.92USD ampule Cromolyn 4% eye drops 3.65USD ml Cromolyn Sodium 20 mg/2ml Neb. Solution 2ml Plastic Container 1.73USD plastic Nalcrom 100 mg Capsule 1.54USD capsule Gastrocrom 100 mg/5 ml conc 0.78USD ml Nasalcrom 4% spray 0.66USD ml Cromolyn sodium nasal solution 0.49USD ml CVS Pharmacy cromolyn sod nasal solutn 0.31USD ml Pms-Sodium Cromoglycate 1 % Solution 0.27USD ml Introl 75% solution 0.13USD ml DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 241 dec °C PhysProp water solubility 210 mg/L Not Available logP 1.92 POMONA (1987) pKa 1.1 SANGSTER,J (1993) - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.0358 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 1.84 ALOGPS logP 1.48 Chemaxon logS -4.1 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 1.61 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) -3.4 Chemaxon Physiological Charge -2 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 11 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 3 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 165.89 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 8 Chemaxon Refractivity 114.11 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 44.38 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 4 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five No Chemaxon Ghose Filter Yes Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule Yes Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.6657 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.5988 Caco-2 permeable - 0.694 P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.6275 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.7152 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.5451 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.8563 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8622 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.8862 CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.682 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.8834 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8521 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8726 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.7856 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9299 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.8624 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.9132 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.9363 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.8705 Rat acute toxicity 2.5373 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9539 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.8574
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 226.5758645 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 226.9138645 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 195.50066 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 226.7202645 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 227.1379645 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 197.89624 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 226.1074645 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 226.4245645 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 203.80875 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Antagonist
- General Function
- Magnesium ion binding
- Specific Function
- May function as calcium sensor and contribute to cellular calcium signaling. In a calcium-dependent manner, functions by interacting with other proteins, such as EZR and PPP5C, and indirectly plays...
- Gene Name
- S100P
- Uniprot ID
- P25815
- Uniprot Name
- Protein S100-P
- Molecular Weight
- 10399.81 Da
References
- Arumugam T, Ramachandran V, Logsdon CD: Effect of cromolyn on S100P interactions with RAGE and pancreatic cancer growth and invasion in mouse models. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006 Dec 20;98(24):1806-18. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at February 20, 2024 23:55