Rifampicin

Identification

Summary

Rifampicin is an antibiotic used to treat several types of mycobacterial infections including Mycobacterium avium complex, leprosy, and in combination with other antibacterials to treat latent or active tuberculosis.

Brand Names
Isonarif, Rifadin, Rifamate, Rifater, Rofact
Generic Name
Rifampicin
DrugBank Accession Number
DB01045
Background

A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved
Structure
Weight
Average: 822.9402
Monoisotopic: 822.40512334
Chemical Formula
C43H58N4O12
Synonyms
  • 3-(((4-Methyl-1-piperazinyl)imino)methyl)rifamycin SV
  • RFP
  • Rifampicin
  • Rifampicina
  • Rifampicine
  • Rifampicinum
  • Rifampin
External IDs
  • BA-41166/E
  • L-5103 LEPETIT
  • NIH-10782
  • NSC-113926
  • NSC-113926-

Pharmacology

Indication

Rifampin is indicated for the treatment of tuberculosis and tuberculosis-related mycobacterial infections.3 In combination with pyrazinamide and isoniazid, it is used in the initial phase of the short-course treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.2

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Associated Conditions
Indication TypeIndicationCombined Product DetailsApproval LevelAge GroupPatient CharacteristicsDose Form
Treatment ofCholestatic pruritus••• •••••
Treatment ofMrsa infection••• •••••
Treatment ofProsthetic joint infection••• •••••
Treatment ofAsymptomatic neisseria meningitidis carrier of the nasopharynx••••••••••••
Used in combination to treatInitial phase tuberculosisCombination Product in combination with: Pyrazinamide (DB00339), Isoniazid (DB00951)••••••••••••
Associated Therapies
Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Rifampin is an antibiotic that inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in susceptible cells. Specifically, it interacts with bacterial RNA polymerase but does not inhibit the mammalian enzyme. It is bactericidal and has a very broad spectrum of activity against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms (including Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and specifically Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Because of rapid emergence of resistant bacteria, use is restricted to treatment of mycobacterial infections and a few other indications. Rifampin is well absorbed when taken orally and is distributed widely in body tissues and fluids, including the CSF. It is metabolized in the liver and eliminated in bile and, to a much lesser extent, in urine, but dose adjustments are unnecessary with renal insufficiency.

Mechanism of action

Rifampin acts via the inhibition of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, leading to a suppression of RNA synthesis and cell death.

TargetActionsOrganism
ADNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta
inhibitor
Escherichia coli (strain K12)
UNuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2
agonist
Humans
Absorption

Well absorbed from gastrointestinal tract.

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

89%

Metabolism

Primarily hepatic, rapidly deacetylated.

Route of elimination

Less than 30% of the dose is excreted in the urine as rifampin or metabolites.

Half-life

3.35 (+/- 0.66) hours

Clearance
  • 0.19 +/- 0.06 L/hr/kg [300 mg IV]
  • 0.14 +/- 0.03 L/hr/kg [600 mg IV]
Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

LD50=1570 mg/kg (rat), chronic exposure may cause nausea and vomiting and unconsciousness

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs Browse all" title="About SNP Mediated Effects/ADRs" id="snp-actions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions Learn More" title="About Drug Interactions" id="structured-interactions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
1,2-BenzodiazepineThe metabolism of 1,2-Benzodiazepine can be increased when combined with Rifampicin.
AbacavirThe metabolism of Abacavir can be increased when combined with Rifampicin.
AbemaciclibThe serum concentration of Abemaciclib can be decreased when it is combined with Rifampicin.
AbirateroneThe metabolism of Abiraterone can be increased when combined with Rifampicin.
AbrocitinibThe metabolism of Abrocitinib can be increased when combined with Rifampicin.
Food Interactions
  • Avoid alcohol.
  • Take on an empty stomach. Take at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals.
  • Take with a full glass of water.

Products

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Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Rifampicin sodiumGPE7477YEK38776-75-9PPGHYTPFGILTSZ-LGIBZRBQSA-M
Product Images
International/Other Brands
Rifadine / Rifaldin / Rifoldin / Rimactan / Rimactane / Rofact / Tubocin
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
RifadinCapsule150 mg/1Oralsanofi-aventis U.S. LLC1981-07-152020-10-31US flag
RifadinCapsule300 mgOralSanofi Aventis1995-12-312021-01-28Canada flag
RifadinCapsule300 mg/1OralPhysicians Total Care, Inc.1971-05-212010-06-30US flag
RifadinCapsule150 mgOralSanofi Aventis1995-12-312021-01-28Canada flag
RifadinCapsule300 mg/1Oralsanofi-aventis U.S. LLC1971-05-212020-10-31US flag
Generic Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
RifampinInjection, powder, lyophilized, for solution600 mg/10mLIntravenousSteriscience Specialties Private Limited2015-01-21Not applicableUS flag
RifampinCapsule150 mg/1OralDepartment Of State Health Services, Pharmacy Branch2001-07-01Not applicableUS flag
RifampinCapsule150 mg/1OralEon Labs, Inc.1998-01-022025-06-30US flag
RifampinCapsule300 mg/1OralMylan Institutional Inc.1988-01-262019-08-31US flag
RifampinCapsule300 mg/1OralA-S Medication Solutions2014-01-08Not applicableUS flag
Mixture Products
NameIngredientsDosageRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
FORECOX-TRAC TABLETAS RECUBIERTASRifampicin (150 mg) + Ethambutol hydrochloride (275 mg) + Isoniazid (75 mg) + Pyrazinamide (400 mg)Tablet, coatedOralMACLEODS PHARMACEUTICAL LTD. INDIA2010-10-112018-02-22Colombia flag
IsonaRifRifampicin (300 mg/1) + Isoniazid (150 mg/1)CapsuleOralVersaPharm Incorporated2005-09-01Not applicableUS flag
RifamateRifampicin (300 mg/1) + Isoniazid (150 mg/1)CapsuleOralsanofi-aventis U.S. LLC1975-07-11Not applicableUS flag
RIFAMPICINA 300 MG + ISONIAZIDA 150 MGRifampicin (300 mg) + Isoniazid (150 mg)Tablet, coatedOralMACLEODS PHARMACEUTICALS LTD2012-10-042018-06-15Colombia flag
RIFANHRifampicin (150 mg) + Isoniazid (150 mg)Tablet, film coatedOralIndofarma2017-01-162027-01-16Indonesia flag

Categories

ATC Codes
J04BA50 — Dapsone and rifampicinJ04AM02 — Rifampicin and isoniazidJ04BA51 — Dapsone, rifampicin and clofazimineJ04AB02 — RifampicinJ04AM06 — Rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol and isoniazidJ04AM05 — Rifampicin, pyrazinamide and isoniazidJ04AM07 — Rifampicin, ethambutol and isoniazid
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as macrolactams. These are cyclic amides of amino carboxylic acids, having a 1-azacycloalkan-2-one structure, or analogues having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring. They are nitrogen analogues (the a nitrogen atom replacing the o atom of the cyclic carboxylic acid group ) of the naturally occurring macrolides.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Phenylpropanoids and polyketides
Class
Macrolactams
Sub Class
Not Available
Direct Parent
Macrolactams
Alternative Parents
Naphthofurans / Naphthols and derivatives / Benzofurans / Coumarans / Aryl alkyl ketones / Hydroquinones / Ketals / N-methylpiperazines / Amino acids and derivatives / Trialkylamines
show 13 more
Substituents
1,4-diazinane / 1-naphthol / Acetal / Alcohol / Amine / Amino acid or derivatives / Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound / Aryl alkyl ketone / Aryl ketone / Azacycle
show 35 more
Molecular Framework
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
External Descriptors
N-methylpiperazine, N-iminopiperazine, rifamycin (CHEBI:28077) / Ansamycins (C06688)
Affected organisms
  • Mycobacteria
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Various gram-negative and gram-positive eubacteria

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
VJT6J7R4TR
CAS number
13292-46-1
InChI Key
JQXXHWHPUNPDRT-WLSIYKJHSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C43H58N4O12/c1-21-12-11-13-22(2)42(55)45-33-28(20-44-47-17-15-46(9)16-18-47)37(52)30-31(38(33)53)36(51)26(6)40-32(30)41(54)43(8,59-40)57-19-14-29(56-10)23(3)39(58-27(7)48)25(5)35(50)24(4)34(21)49/h11-14,19-21,23-25,29,34-35,39,49-53H,15-18H2,1-10H3,(H,45,55)/b12-11+,19-14+,22-13-,44-20+/t21-,23+,24+,25+,29-,34-,35+,39+,43-/m0/s1
IUPAC Name
(7S,9E,11S,12R,13S,14R,15R,16R,17S,18S,19E,21Z)-2,15,17,27,29-pentahydroxy-11-methoxy-3,7,12,14,16,18,22-heptamethyl-26-[(E)-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)imino]methyl]-6,23-dioxo-8,30-dioxa-24-azatetracyclo[23.3.1.1^{4,7}.0^{5,28}]triaconta-1(29),2,4,9,19,21,25,27-octaen-13-yl acetate
SMILES
CO[C@H]1\C=C\O[C@@]2(C)OC3=C(C2=O)C2=C(O)C(\C=N\N4CCN(C)CC4)=C(NC(=O)\C(C)=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H]1C)C(O)=C2C(O)=C3C

References

Synthesis Reference

Klaus Jurgen, Joachim Seydel, "Combination preparations containing rifampicin and thioacetazon." U.S. Patent US5104875, issued August, 1973.

US5104875
General References
  1. Baysarowich J, Koteva K, Hughes DW, Ejim L, Griffiths E, Zhang K, Junop M, Wright GD: Rifamycin antibiotic resistance by ADP-ribosylation: Structure and diversity of Arr. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Mar 25;105(12):4886-91. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0711939105. Epub 2008 Mar 18. [Article]
  2. FDA Approved Drug Products: RIFATER (rifampin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide USP) tablets (February 2023) [Link]
  3. FDA Approved Drug Products: RIFADIN (rifampin capsules) and RIFADIN IV (rifampin for injection) (February 2023) [Link]
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB15179
KEGG Drug
D00211
KEGG Compound
C06688
PubChem Compound
5381226
PubChem Substance
46506170
ChemSpider
10468813
BindingDB
50370232
RxNav
9384
ChEBI
71365
ChEMBL
CHEMBL374478
ZINC
ZINC000169621223
Therapeutic Targets Database
DNC000965
PharmGKB
PA451250
Guide to Pharmacology
GtP Drug Page
PDBe Ligand
RFP
RxList
RxList Drug Page
Drugs.com
Drugs.com Drug Page
Wikipedia
Rifampicin
PDB Entries
1i6v / 1skx / 1ynn / 2hw2 / 3aob / 3aod / 4kmu / 5hv1 / 5kox / 5uac
show 11 more
FDA label
Download (43.3 KB)
MSDS
Download (86.7 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4CompletedNot AvailableStaphylococcus Aureus1
4CompletedBasic ScienceBlood Pressure Regulation1
4CompletedBasic ScienceContraception / Tuberculosis (TB)1
4CompletedBasic ScienceDrug Drug Interaction (DDI)1
4CompletedBasic ScienceFatty Liver, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, NAFLD1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
  • AAIPharma Inc.
  • Akorn Inc.
  • Amerisource Health Services Corp.
  • Apotheca Inc.
  • A-S Medication Solutions LLC
  • Bedford Labs
  • Belgomex Sprl
  • Ben Venue Laboratories Inc.
  • Cardinal Health
  • Ciba Geigy Ltd.
  • Comprehensive Consultant Services Inc.
  • Dept Health Central Pharmacy
  • Eon Labs
  • Gruppo Lepetit SPA
  • H.J. Harkins Co. Inc.
  • Innoviant Pharmacy Inc.
  • Lannett Co. Inc.
  • Major Pharmaceuticals
  • Mckesson Corp.
  • Medisca Inc.
  • Merrell Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
  • Novartis AG
  • Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals Inc.
  • Physicians Total Care Inc.
  • Rebel Distributors Corp.
  • Remedy Repack
  • Sanofi-Aventis Inc.
  • Spectrum Pharmaceuticals
  • Stat Rx Usa
  • Strides Arcolab Limited
  • Tya Pharmaceuticals
  • UDL Laboratories
  • Versapharm Inc.
  • West-Ward Pharmaceuticals
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
TabletOral
Tablet, film coatedOral600 MG
Tablet, film coatedOral
CreamTopical
CapsuleOral50 mg/5mL
Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solutionIntravenous
CapsuleOral300.000 mg
Injection, powder, for solutionIntravenous300 mg/5ml
Pill450 MG
Pill600 MG
Powder, for solutionParenteral600 MG/10ML
Solution / drops1.5 G
SuspensionOral2.000 g
SyrupOral2.4 g
SyrupOral20 MG/ML
SuspensionOral100 mg/5ml
SuspensionOral
CapsuleOral
Tablet, film coatedOral
Tablet, solubleOral
Capsule, coatedOral150 mg
Capsule, coatedOral
Capsule, coatedOral300 mg
SyrupOral2 g
Pill
CapsuleOral150 mg/1
CapsuleOral300 mg/1
Capsule, coatedOral300 mg/1
Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solutionIntravenous600 mg/1
Injection, powder, lyophilized, for solutionIntravenous600 mg/10mL
Capsule, gelatin coatedOral150 mg
Capsule, gelatin coatedOral300 mg
Tablet, sugar coatedOral
CapsuleOral
Tablet, sugar coatedOral
Injection, powder, for solutionParenteral
SyrupOral
SuspensionOral2 g
Tablet, chewableBuccal
Tablet, delayed releaseOral
Tablet, chewableOral
SyrupOral100 mg
Tablet, coatedOral
Kit
Tablet, coatedOral600 mg
Tablet, coatedOral450 mg
CapsuleOral300 mg
CapsuleOral150 mg
CapsuleOral450 mg
CapsuleOral600 mg
Tablet, coatedOral300 mg
Tablet, film coatedOral450 mg
Tablet, film coated
Powder, for suspensionOral100 mg/5ml
Prices
Unit descriptionCostUnit
Rifadin iv 600 mg vial140.9USD vial
Rifampin iv 600 mg vial136.3USD vial
Rifampin crystals6.72USD g
Rifampin powder3.98USD g
Rifadin 300 mg capsule3.09USD capsule
Rifadin 150 mg capsule2.57USD capsule
Rifampin 300 mg capsule2.37USD capsule
Rimactane 300 mg capsule2.35USD capsule
Rifampin 150 mg capsule2.27USD capsule
DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)183 °CNot Available
water solubility1400 mg/L (at 25 °C)YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)
logP2.7Not Available
pKa1.7SANGSTER (2004)
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility0.0413 mg/mLALOGPS
logP3.85ALOGPS
logP2.95Chemaxon
logS-4.3ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)6.8Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)7.37Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count14Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count6Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area220.15 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count5Chemaxon
Refractivity225.58 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability86.84 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings5Chemaxon
Bioavailability0Chemaxon
Rule of FiveNoChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.5553
Blood Brain Barrier-0.974
Caco-2 permeable-0.7123
P-glycoprotein substrateSubstrate0.9308
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IInhibitor0.8564
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.6049
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.8178
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.8508
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.9115
CYP450 3A4 substrateSubstrate0.7296
CYP450 1A2 substrateNon-inhibitor0.9045
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.907
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9231
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9025
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.8432
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.9099
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.5803
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.8493
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable0.9962
Rat acute toxicity2.6875 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.908
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.5486
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4r-0000000690-1a3a02b461053feba760
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00ea-2000002960-24ebaac604c0e5c44ee5
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-08gi-0000000920-54984eb5c825148ab64e
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0a4i-9000000000-f13a08cd7d5e52f081b1
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0002-9500000510-badacbee255eddff5659
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0ac3-9000000820-3e1be0db1ae9b4a3a6d1
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-283.1602874
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-293.3268601
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-272.41135
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+278.7815995
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+305.2475601
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+274.13504
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+285.3984835
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+304.7633601
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+280.3325
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new
insights and accelerate drug research.
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Kind
Protein
Organism
Escherichia coli (strain K12)
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Ribonucleoside binding
Specific Function
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates.
Gene Name
rpoB
Uniprot ID
P0A8V2
Uniprot Name
DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta
Molecular Weight
150631.165 Da
References
  1. Villain-Guillot P, Bastide L, Gualtieri M, Leonetti JP: Progress in targeting bacterial transcription. Drug Discov Today. 2007 Mar;12(5-6):200-8. Epub 2007 Feb 5. [Article]
  2. White RJ, Lancini GC, Silvestri LG: Mechanism of action of rifampin on Mycobacterium smegmatis. J Bacteriol. 1971 Nov;108(2):737-41. [Article]
  3. Tupin A, Gualtieri M, Roquet-Baneres F, Morichaud Z, Brodolin K, Leonetti JP: Resistance to rifampicin: at the crossroads between ecological, genomic and medical concerns. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2010 Jun;35(6):519-23. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2009.12.017. Epub 2010 Feb 24. [Article]
  4. Campbell EA, Korzheva N, Mustaev A, Murakami K, Nair S, Goldfarb A, Darst SA: Structural mechanism for rifampicin inhibition of bacterial rna polymerase. Cell. 2001 Mar 23;104(6):901-12. [Article]
  5. Wehrli W: Rifampin: mechanisms of action and resistance. Rev Infect Dis. 1983 Jul-Aug;5 Suppl 3:S407-11. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Agonist
General Function
Zinc ion binding
Specific Function
Nuclear receptor that binds and is activated by variety of endogenous and xenobiotic compounds. Transcription factor that activates the transcription of multiple genes involved in the metabolism an...
Gene Name
NR1I2
Uniprot ID
O75469
Uniprot Name
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2
Molecular Weight
49761.245 Da
References
  1. Chen J, Raymond K: Roles of rifampicin in drug-drug interactions: underlying molecular mechanisms involving the nuclear pregnane X receptor. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2006 Feb 15;5:3. [Article]
  2. Cheng J, Ma X, Krausz KW, Idle JR, Gonzalez FJ: Rifampicin-activated human pregnane X receptor and CYP3A4 induction enhance acetaminophen-induced toxicity. Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Aug;37(8):1611-21. doi: 10.1124/dmd.109.027565. Epub 2009 May 21. [Article]

Enzymes

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Exhibits a high coumarin 7-hydroxylase activity. Can act in the hydroxylation of the anti-cancer drugs cyclophosphamide and ifosphamide. Competent in the metabolic activation of aflatoxin B1. Const...
Gene Name
CYP2A6
Uniprot ID
P11509
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 2A6
Molecular Weight
56501.005 Da
References
  1. Edwards RJ, Price RJ, Watts PS, Renwick AB, Tredger JM, Boobis AR, Lake BG: Induction of cytochrome P450 enzymes in cultured precision-cut human liver slices. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Mar;31(3):282-8. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Metabolizes several precarcinogens, drugs, and solvents to reactive metabolites. Inactivates a number of drugs and xenobiotics and also bioactivates many xenobiotic substrates to their hepatotoxic ...
Gene Name
CYP2E1
Uniprot ID
P05181
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 2E1
Molecular Weight
56848.42 Da
References
  1. Huang R, Okuno H, Takasu M, Shiozaki Y, Inoue K: Protective effect of rifampicin against acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in mice. Jpn J Pharmacol. 1995 Dec;69(4):325-34. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Monooxygenase activity
Specific Function
Exhibits low testosterone 6-beta-hydroxylase activity.
Gene Name
CYP3A43
Uniprot ID
Q9HB55
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 3A43
Molecular Weight
57669.21 Da
References
  1. Gellner K, Eiselt R, Hustert E, Arnold H, Koch I, Haberl M, Deglmann CJ, Burk O, Buntefuss D, Escher S, Bishop C, Koebe HG, Brinkmann U, Klenk HP, Kleine K, Meyer UA, Wojnowski L: Genomic organization of the human CYP3A locus: identification of a new, inducible CYP3A gene. Pharmacogenetics. 2001 Mar;11(2):111-21. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Oxygen binding
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP3A7
Uniprot ID
P24462
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 3A7
Molecular Weight
57525.03 Da
References
  1. Usui T, Saitoh Y, Komada F: Induction of CYP3As in HepG2 cells by several drugs. Association between induction of CYP3A4 and expression of glucocorticoid receptor. Biol Pharm Bull. 2003 Apr;26(4):510-7. doi: 10.1248/bpb.26.510. [Article]
  2. FDA Drug Development and Drug Interactions: Table of Substrates, Inhibitors and Inducers [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Retinoic acid binding
Specific Function
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform has specificity for phenols. Isoform 2 lacks trans...
Gene Name
UGT1A9
Uniprot ID
O60656
Uniprot Name
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9
Molecular Weight
59940.495 Da
References
  1. Soars MG, Petullo DM, Eckstein JA, Kasper SC, Wrighton SA: An assessment of udp-glucuronosyltransferase induction using primary human hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Jan;32(1):140-8. doi: 10.1124/dmd.32.1.140. [Article]
  2. Kasichayanula S, Liu X, Griffen SC, Lacreta FP, Boulton DW: Effects of rifampin and mefenamic acid on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of dapagliflozin. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2013 Mar;15(3):280-3. doi: 10.1111/dom.12024. Epub 2012 Nov 19. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Oxygen binding
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP3A5
Uniprot ID
P20815
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 3A5
Molecular Weight
57108.065 Da
References
  1. Burk O, Koch I, Raucy J, Hustert E, Eichelbaum M, Brockmoller J, Zanger UM, Wojnowski L: The induction of cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) in the human liver and intestine is mediated by the xenobiotic sensors pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutively activated receptor (CAR). J Biol Chem. 2004 Sep 10;279(37):38379-85. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M404949200. Epub 2004 Jul 12. [Article]
  2. FDA Drug Development and Drug Interactions: Table of Substrates, Inhibitors and Inducers [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
Gene Name
CYP3A4
Uniprot ID
P08684
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 3A4
Molecular Weight
57342.67 Da
References
  1. Dixit V, Hariparsad N, Li F, Desai P, Thummel KE, Unadkat JD: Cytochrome P450 enzymes and transporters induced by anti-human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors in human hepatocytes: implications for predicting clinical drug interactions. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Oct;35(10):1853-9. Epub 2007 Jul 16. [Article]
  2. Edwards RJ, Price RJ, Watts PS, Renwick AB, Tredger JM, Boobis AR, Lake BG: Induction of cytochrome P450 enzymes in cultured precision-cut human liver slices. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Mar;31(3):282-8. [Article]
  3. Svensson EM, Murray S, Karlsson MO, Dooley KE: Rifampicin and rifapentine significantly reduce concentrations of bedaquiline, a new anti-TB drug. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2015 Apr;70(4):1106-14. doi: 10.1093/jac/dku504. Epub 2014 Dec 21. [Article]
  4. Clin-Info. (2006). In Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties: The Canadian Drug Reference for Health Professionals (pp. L57). Canadian Pharmacists Association. [ISBN:1-894402-22-7]
  5. FDA Drug Development and Drug Interactions: Table of Substrates, Inhibitors and Inducers [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP1A2
Uniprot ID
P05177
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 1A2
Molecular Weight
58293.76 Da
References
  1. Nassr N, Huennemeyer A, Herzog R, von Richter O, Hermann R, Koch M, Duffy K, Zech K, Lahu G: Effects of rifampicin on the pharmacokinetics of roflumilast and roflumilast N-oxide in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;68(4):580-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2009.03478.x. [Article]
  2. Backman JT, Granfors MT, Neuvonen PJ: Rifampicin is only a weak inducer of CYP1A2-mediated presystemic and systemic metabolism: studies with tizanidine and caffeine. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2006 Jun;62(6):451-61. doi: 10.1007/s00228-006-0127-x. Epub 2006 Apr 27. [Article]
  3. The Effect of Cytochrome P450 Metabolism on Drug Response, Interactions, and Adverse Effects [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
Inducer
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP2C8
Uniprot ID
P10632
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 2C8
Molecular Weight
55824.275 Da
References
  1. Dixit V, Hariparsad N, Li F, Desai P, Thummel KE, Unadkat JD: Cytochrome P450 enzymes and transporters induced by anti-human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors in human hepatocytes: implications for predicting clinical drug interactions. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Oct;35(10):1853-9. Epub 2007 Jul 16. [Article]
  2. Madan A, Graham RA, Carroll KM, Mudra DR, Burton LA, Krueger LA, Downey AD, Czerwinski M, Forster J, Ribadeneira MD, Gan LS, LeCluyse EL, Zech K, Robertson P Jr, Koch P, Antonian L, Wagner G, Yu L, Parkinson A: Effects of prototypical microsomal enzyme inducers on cytochrome P450 expression in cultured human hepatocytes. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Apr;31(4):421-31. doi: 10.1124/dmd.31.4.421. [Article]
  3. Glaeser H, Drescher S, Eichelbaum M, Fromm MF: Influence of rifampicin on the expression and function of human intestinal cytochrome P450 enzymes. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2005 Feb;59(2):199-206. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2004.02265.x. [Article]
  4. Gerbal-Chaloin S, Pascussi JM, Pichard-Garcia L, Daujat M, Waechter F, Fabre JM, Carrere N, Maurel P: Induction of CYP2C genes in human hepatocytes in primary culture. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Mar;29(3):242-51. [Article]
  5. Rae JM, Johnson MD, Lippman ME, Flockhart DA: Rifampin is a selective, pleiotropic inducer of drug metabolism genes in human hepatocytes: studies with cDNA and oligonucleotide expression arrays. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Dec;299(3):849-57. [Article]
  6. Raucy JL, Mueller L, Duan K, Allen SW, Strom S, Lasker JM: Expression and induction of CYP2C P450 enzymes in primary cultures of human hepatocytes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Aug;302(2):475-82. doi: 10.1124/jpet.102.033837. [Article]
  7. Li AP, Reith MK, Rasmussen A, Gorski JC, Hall SD, Xu L, Kaminski DL, Cheng LK: Primary human hepatocytes as a tool for the evaluation of structure-activity relationship in cytochrome P450 induction potential of xenobiotics: evaluation of rifampin, rifapentine and rifabutin. Chem Biol Interact. 1997 Nov 6;107(1-2):17-30. [Article]
  8. Kajosaari LI, Laitila J, Neuvonen PJ, Backman JT: Metabolism of repaglinide by CYP2C8 and CYP3A4 in vitro: effect of fibrates and rifampicin. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2005 Oct;97(4):249-56. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2005.pto_157.x. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Steroid binding
Specific Function
UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the...
Gene Name
UGT1A1
Uniprot ID
P22309
Uniprot Name
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1
Molecular Weight
59590.91 Da
References
  1. Ellis E, Wagner M, Lammert F, Nemeth A, Gumhold J, Strassburg CP, Kylander C, Katsika D, Trauner M, Einarsson C, Marschall HU: Successful treatment of severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia via induction of UGT1A1 by rifampicin. J Hepatol. 2006 Jan;44(1):243-5. Epub 2005 Oct 27. [Article]
  2. Jemnitz K, Lengyel G, Vereczkey L: In vitro induction of bilirubin conjugation in primary rat hepatocyte culture. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002 Feb 15;291(1):29-33. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP2C9
Uniprot ID
P11712
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 2C9
Molecular Weight
55627.365 Da
References
  1. Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
  2. Dixit V, Hariparsad N, Li F, Desai P, Thummel KE, Unadkat JD: Cytochrome P450 enzymes and transporters induced by anti-human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors in human hepatocytes: implications for predicting clinical drug interactions. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Oct;35(10):1853-9. Epub 2007 Jul 16. [Article]
  3. Chen J, Raymond K: Roles of rifampicin in drug-drug interactions: underlying molecular mechanisms involving the nuclear pregnane X receptor. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2006 Feb 15;5:3. [Article]
  4. Clin-Info. (2006). In Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties: The Canadian Drug Reference for Health Professionals (pp. L57). Canadian Pharmacists Association. [ISBN:1-894402-22-7]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name
CYP2B6
Uniprot ID
P20813
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 2B6
Molecular Weight
56277.81 Da
References
  1. Dixit V, Hariparsad N, Li F, Desai P, Thummel KE, Unadkat JD: Cytochrome P450 enzymes and transporters induced by anti-human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors in human hepatocytes: implications for predicting clinical drug interactions. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Oct;35(10):1853-9. Epub 2007 Jul 16. [Article]
  2. Loboz KK, Gross AS, Williams KM, Liauw WS, Day RO, Blievernicht JK, Zanger UM, McLachlan AJ: Cytochrome P450 2B6 activity as measured by bupropion hydroxylation: effect of induction by rifampin and ethnicity. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2006 Jul;80(1):75-84. doi: 10.1016/j.clpt.2006.03.010. [Article]
  3. Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function
Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and im...
Gene Name
CYP2C19
Uniprot ID
P33261
Uniprot Name
Cytochrome P450 2C19
Molecular Weight
55930.545 Da
References
  1. Edwards RJ, Price RJ, Watts PS, Renwick AB, Tredger JM, Boobis AR, Lake BG: Induction of cytochrome P450 enzymes in cultured precision-cut human liver slices. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Mar;31(3):282-8. [Article]
  2. Park GJ, Bae SH, Park WS, Han S, Park MH, Shin SH, Shin YG, Yim DS: Drug-drug interaction of microdose and regular-dose omeprazole with a CYP2C19 inhibitor and inducer. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2017 Mar 30;11:1043-1053. doi: 10.2147/DDDT.S131797. eCollection 2017. [Article]
  3. Ridtitid W, Wongnawa M, Mahatthanatrakul W, Punyo J, Sunbhanich M: Rifampin markedly decreases plasma concentrations of praziquantel in healthy volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2002 Nov;72(5):505-13. doi: 10.1067/mcp.2002.129319. [Article]
  4. Clin-Info. (2006). In Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties: The Canadian Drug Reference for Health Professionals (pp. L57). Canadian Pharmacists Association. [ISBN:1-894402-22-7]
  5. Rifampicin [Link]

Carriers

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Toxic substance binding
Specific Function
Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloid...
Gene Name
ALB
Uniprot ID
P02768
Uniprot Name
Serum albumin
Molecular Weight
69365.94 Da
References
  1. Baneres-Roquet F, Gualtieri M, Villain-Guillot P, Pugniere M, Leonetti JP: Use of a surface plasmon resonance method to investigate antibiotic and plasma protein interactions. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009 Apr;53(4):1528-31. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00971-08. Epub 2009 Jan 21. [Article]
Kind
Protein group
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Not Available
Specific Function
Functions as transport protein in the blood stream. Binds various ligands in the interior of its beta-barrel domain. Also binds synthetic drugs and influences their distribution and availability in...

Components:
References
  1. Baneres-Roquet F, Gualtieri M, Villain-Guillot P, Pugniere M, Leonetti JP: Use of a surface plasmon resonance method to investigate antibiotic and plasma protein interactions. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009 Apr;53(4):1528-31. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00971-08. Epub 2009 Jan 21. [Article]

Transporters

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
Specific Function
Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells.
Gene Name
ABCB1
Uniprot ID
P08183
Uniprot Name
Multidrug resistance protein 1
Molecular Weight
141477.255 Da
References
  1. Geick A, Eichelbaum M, Burk O: Nuclear receptor response elements mediate induction of intestinal MDR1 by rifampin. J Biol Chem. 2001 May 4;276(18):14581-7. Epub 2001 Jan 31. [Article]
  2. Schuetz EG, Beck WT, Schuetz JD: Modulators and substrates of P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P4503A coordinately up-regulate these proteins in human colon carcinoma cells. Mol Pharmacol. 1996 Feb;49(2):311-8. [Article]
  3. Greiner B, Eichelbaum M, Fritz P, Kreichgauer HP, von Richter O, Zundler J, Kroemer HK: The role of intestinal P-glycoprotein in the interaction of digoxin and rifampin. J Clin Invest. 1999 Jul;104(2):147-53. doi: 10.1172/JCI6663. [Article]
  4. Fardel O, Lecureur V, Loyer P, Guillouzo A: Rifampicin enhances anti-cancer drug accumulation and activity in multidrug-resistant cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 1995 May 11;49(9):1255-60. [Article]
  5. Kuypers DR, Verleden G, Naesens M, Vanrenterghem Y: Drug interaction between mycophenolate mofetil and rifampin: possible induction of uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2005 Jul;78(1):81-8. [Article]
  6. Gurley BJ, Barone GW, Williams DK, Carrier J, Breen P, Yates CR, Song PF, Hubbard MA, Tong Y, Cheboyina S: Effect of milk thistle (Silybum marianum) and black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) supplementation on digoxin pharmacokinetics in humans. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006 Jan;34(1):69-74. Epub 2005 Oct 12. [Article]
  7. Chen J, Raymond K: Roles of rifampicin in drug-drug interactions: underlying molecular mechanisms involving the nuclear pregnane X receptor. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2006 Feb 15;5:3. [Article]
  8. Lamba J, Strom S, Venkataramanan R, Thummel KE, Lin YS, Liu W, Cheng C, Lamba V, Watkins PB, Schuetz E: MDR1 genotype is associated with hepatic cytochrome P450 3A4 basal and induction phenotype. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2006 Apr;79(4):325-38. Epub 2006 Feb 20. [Article]
  9. Huang R, Murry DJ, Kolwankar D, Hall SD, Foster DR: Vincristine transcriptional regulation of efflux drug transporters in carcinoma cell lines. Biochem Pharmacol. 2006 Jun 14;71(12):1695-704. Epub 2006 Apr 18. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Substrate
Inhibitor
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates the Na(+)-independent uptake of organic anions such as 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, taurocholate, triiodothyronine (T3), leukotriene C4, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), methotre...
Gene Name
SLCO1B3
Uniprot ID
Q9NPD5
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3
Molecular Weight
77402.175 Da
References
  1. Cui Y, Konig J, Leier I, Buchholz U, Keppler D: Hepatic uptake of bilirubin and its conjugates by the human organic anion transporter SLC21A6. J Biol Chem. 2001 Mar 30;276(13):9626-30. Epub 2000 Dec 27. [Article]
  2. Vavricka SR, Van Montfoort J, Ha HR, Meier PJ, Fattinger K: Interactions of rifamycin SV and rifampicin with organic anion uptake systems of human liver. Hepatology. 2002 Jul;36(1):164-72. [Article]
  3. Cui Y, Konig J, Keppler D: Vectorial transport by double-transfected cells expressing the human uptake transporter SLC21A8 and the apical export pump ABCC2. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 Nov;60(5):934-43. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates export of organic anions and drugs from the cytoplasm. Mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugates, leukotriene C4, estradiol-17-beta-o-glucuronide, methotre...
Gene Name
ABCC1
Uniprot ID
P33527
Uniprot Name
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1
Molecular Weight
171589.5 Da
References
  1. Courtois A, Payen L, Vernhet L, de Vries EG, Guillouzo A, Fardel O: Inhibition of multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) activity by rifampicin in human multidrug-resistant lung tumor cells. Cancer Lett. 1999 May 3;139(1):97-104. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates sodium-independent multispecific organic anion transport. Transport of prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2, tetracycline, bumetanide, estrone sulfate, glutarate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulf...
Gene Name
SLC22A7
Uniprot ID
Q9Y694
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier family 22 member 7
Molecular Weight
60025.025 Da
References
  1. Sekine T, Cha SH, Tsuda M, Apiwattanakul N, Nakajima N, Kanai Y, Endou H: Identification of multispecific organic anion transporter 2 expressed predominantly in the liver. FEBS Lett. 1998 Jun 12;429(2):179-82. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates the Na(+)-independent uptake of organic anions such as pravastatin, taurocholate, methotrexate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, 17-beta-glucuronosyl estradiol, estrone sulfate, prostagland...
Gene Name
SLCO1B1
Uniprot ID
Q9Y6L6
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1
Molecular Weight
76447.99 Da
References
  1. Cui Y, Konig J, Leier I, Buchholz U, Keppler D: Hepatic uptake of bilirubin and its conjugates by the human organic anion transporter SLC21A6. J Biol Chem. 2001 Mar 30;276(13):9626-30. Epub 2000 Dec 27. [Article]
  2. Vavricka SR, Van Montfoort J, Ha HR, Meier PJ, Fattinger K: Interactions of rifamycin SV and rifampicin with organic anion uptake systems of human liver. Hepatology. 2002 Jul;36(1):164-72. [Article]
  3. Tirona RG, Leake BF, Wolkoff AW, Kim RB: Human organic anion transporting polypeptide-C (SLC21A6) is a major determinant of rifampin-mediated pregnane X receptor activation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Jan;304(1):223-8. [Article]
  4. Sharma P, Holmes VE, Elsby R, Lambert C, Surry D: Validation of cell-based OATP1B1 assays to assess drug transport and the potential for drug-drug interaction to support regulatory submissions. Xenobiotica. 2010 Jan;40(1):24-37. doi: 10.3109/00498250903351013. [Article]
  5. Anderson MS, Cote J, Liu Y, Stypinski D, Auger P, Hohnstein A, Rasmussen S, Johnson-Levonas AO, Gutstein DE: Effects of Rifampin, a potent inducer of drug-metabolizing enzymes and an inhibitor of OATP1B1/3 transport, on the single dose pharmacokinetics of anacetrapib. J Clin Pharmacol. 2013 Jul;53(7):746-52. doi: 10.1002/jcph.97. Epub 2013 May 14. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
May act as an inducible transporter in the biliary and intestinal excretion of organic anions. Acts as an alternative route for the export of bile acids and glucuronides from cholestatic hepatocyte...
Gene Name
ABCC3
Uniprot ID
O15438
Uniprot Name
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 2
Molecular Weight
169341.14 Da
References
  1. Teng S, Jekerle V, Piquette-Miller M: Induction of ABCC3 (MRP3) by pregnane X receptor activators. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Nov;31(11):1296-9. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Acts as a multispecific organic anion pump which can transport nucleotide analogs.
Gene Name
ABCC5
Uniprot ID
O15440
Uniprot Name
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 5
Molecular Weight
160658.8 Da
References
  1. Schrenk D, Baus PR, Ermel N, Klein C, Vorderstemann B, Kauffmann HM: Up-regulation of transporters of the MRP family by drugs and toxins. Toxicol Lett. 2001 Mar 31;120(1-3):51-7. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as taurocholate, the prostaglandins PGD2, PGE1, PGE2, leukotriene C4, thromboxane B2 and iloprost.
Gene Name
SLCO2B1
Uniprot ID
O94956
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1
Molecular Weight
76709.98 Da
References
  1. Vavricka SR, Van Montfoort J, Ha HR, Meier PJ, Fattinger K: Interactions of rifamycin SV and rifampicin with organic anion uptake systems of human liver. Hepatology. 2002 Jul;36(1):164-72. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as sulfobromophthalein (BSP) and conjugated (taurocholate) and unconjugated (cholate) bile acids (By similarity). Selectively inhibit...
Gene Name
SLCO1A2
Uniprot ID
P46721
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2
Molecular Weight
74144.105 Da
References
  1. Vavricka SR, Van Montfoort J, Ha HR, Meier PJ, Fattinger K: Interactions of rifamycin SV and rifampicin with organic anion uptake systems of human liver. Hepatology. 2002 Jul;36(1):164-72. [Article]
  2. Fattinger K, Cattori V, Hagenbuch B, Meier PJ, Stieger B: Rifamycin SV and rifampicin exhibit differential inhibition of the hepatic rat organic anion transporting polypeptides, Oatp1 and Oatp2. Hepatology. 2000 Jul;32(1):82-6. [Article]
  3. Shitara Y, Sugiyama D, Kusuhara H, Kato Y, Abe T, Meier PJ, Itoh T, Sugiyama Y: Comparative inhibitory effects of different compounds on rat oatpl (slc21a1)- and Oatp2 (Slc21a5)-mediated transport. Pharm Res. 2002 Feb;19(2):147-53. [Article]
  4. van Montfoort JE, Stieger B, Meijer DK, Weinmann HJ, Meier PJ, Fattinger KE: Hepatic uptake of the magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent gadoxetate by the organic anion transporting polypeptide Oatp1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Jul;290(1):153-7. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Transporter activity
Specific Function
Involved in the ATP-dependent secretion of bile salts into the canaliculus of hepatocytes.
Gene Name
ABCB11
Uniprot ID
O95342
Uniprot Name
Bile salt export pump
Molecular Weight
146405.83 Da
References
  1. Byrne JA, Strautnieks SS, Mieli-Vergani G, Higgins CF, Linton KJ, Thompson RJ: The human bile salt export pump: characterization of substrate specificity and identification of inhibitors. Gastroenterology. 2002 Nov;123(5):1649-58. [Article]
  2. Noe J, Hagenbuch B, Meier PJ, St-Pierre MV: Characterization of the mouse bile salt export pump overexpressed in the baculovirus system. Hepatology. 2001 May;33(5):1223-31. [Article]
  3. Stieger B, Fattinger K, Madon J, Kullak-Ublick GA, Meier PJ: Drug- and estrogen-induced cholestasis through inhibition of the hepatocellular bile salt export pump (Bsep) of rat liver. Gastroenterology. 2000 Feb;118(2):422-30. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inducer
General Function
Organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Mediates hepatobiliary excretion of numerous organic anions. May function as a cellular cisplatin transporter.
Gene Name
ABCC2
Uniprot ID
Q92887
Uniprot Name
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1
Molecular Weight
174205.64 Da
References
  1. Kauffmann HM, Pfannschmidt S, Zoller H, Benz A, Vorderstemann B, Webster JI, Schrenk D: Influence of redox-active compounds and PXR-activators on human MRP1 and MRP2 gene expression. Toxicology. 2002 Feb 28;171(2-3):137-46. [Article]
  2. Fromm MF, Kauffmann HM, Fritz P, Burk O, Kroemer HK, Warzok RW, Eichelbaum M, Siegmund W, Schrenk D: The effect of rifampin treatment on intestinal expression of human MRP transporters. Am J Pathol. 2000 Nov;157(5):1575-80. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Involved in the renal elimination of endogenous and exogenous organic anions. Functions as organic anion exchanger when the uptake of one molecule of organic anion is coupled with an efflux of one ...
Gene Name
SLC22A6
Uniprot ID
Q4U2R8
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier family 22 member 6
Molecular Weight
61815.78 Da
References
  1. OAT1 and OAT3 (organic anion transporters 1 and 3) [Link]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
Specific Function
Plays an important role in the excretion/detoxification of endogenous and exogenous organic anions, especially from the brain and kidney. Involved in the transport basolateral of steviol, fexofenad...
Gene Name
SLC22A8
Uniprot ID
Q8TCC7
Uniprot Name
Solute carrier family 22 member 8
Molecular Weight
59855.585 Da
References
  1. OAT1 and OAT3 (organic anion transporters 1 and 3) [Link]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at February 21, 2024 02:38