Ibuprofen

Identification

Summary

Ibuprofen is an NSAID and non-selective COX inhibitor used to treat mild-moderate pain, fever, and inflammation.

Brand Names

Addaprin, Advil, Advil Cold and Sinus, Advil Congestion Relief, Advil PM, Advil Sinus Congestion and Pain, Alivio, Caldolor, Cedaprin, Children's Ibuprofen, Diphen, Duexis, Ibu, Ibutab, Junior Strength Motrin, Motrin, Motrin PM, Neoprofen, Nuprin, Pedea, Proprinal, Reprexain, Sudafed PE Head Congestion Plus Pain, Vicoprofen, Wal-profen Congestion Relief and Pain

Generic Name

Ibuprofen

DrugBank Accession Number

DB01050

Background

Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) derived from propionic acid and it is considered the first of the propionics.⁷ The formula of ibuprofen is 2-(4-isobutylphenyl) propionic acid and its initial development was in 1960 while researching for a safer alternative for aspirin.⁸ Ibuprofen was finally patented in 1961 and this drug was first launched against rheumatoid arthritis in the UK in 1969 and USA in 1974. It was the first available over-the-counter NSAID.⁹

On the available products, ibuprofen is administered as a racemic mixture. Once administered, the R-enantiomer undergoes extensive interconversion to the S-enantiomer in vivo by the activity of the alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase. In particular, it is generally proposed that the S-enantiomer is capable of eliciting stronger pharmacological activity than the R-enantiomer.²⁴

Type

Small Molecule

Groups

Approved

Structure

3D

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MOLSDF3D-SDFPDBSMILESInChI

Similar Structures

Structure for Ibuprofen (DB01050)

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Weight

Average: 206.2808
Monoisotopic: 206.13067982

Chemical Formula

C₁₃H₁₈O₂

Synonyms

• (±)-2-(p-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid
• (±)-ibuprofen
• (±)-p-isobutylhydratropic acid
• (±)-α-methyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)benzeneacetic acid
• (4-isobutylphenyl)-α-methylacetic acid
• (RS)-ibuprofen
• 2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propanoic acid
• 4-isobutylhydratropic acid
• Ibuprofen
• Ibuprofene
• Ibuprofeno
• Ibuprofenum
• Ibuprophen
• α-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid
• α-(p-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid

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Pharmacology

Indication

Ibuprofen is the most commonly used and prescribed NSAID. It is a very common over-the-counter medication widely used as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic.¹¹

The use of ibuprofen and its enantiomer Dexibuprofen in a racemic mix is common for the management of mild to moderate pain related to dysmenorrhea, headache, migraine, postoperative dental pain, spondylitis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and soft tissue disorder.¹²

Due to its activity against prostaglandin and thromboxane synthesis, ibuprofen has been attributed to alteration of platelet function and prolongation of gestation and labour.¹⁰

As ibuprofen is a widely used medication, the main therapeutic indications are:

• Patent Ductus Arteriosus - it is a neonatal condition wherein the ductus arteriosus (blood vessel that connects the main pulmonary artery to the proximal descending aorta) fails to close after birth causing severe risk of heart failure. The prostaglandin inhibition of ibuprofen has been studied for the treatment of this condition as it is known that prostaglandin E2 is responsible for keeping the ductus arteriosus open.¹³

• Rheumatoid- and osteo-arthritis - ibuprofen is very commonly used in the symptomatic treatment of inflammatory, musculoskeletal and rheumatic disorders.¹⁴

• Cystic fibrosis - the use of high dosages of ibuprofen has been proven to decrease inflammation and decreasing polymorphonuclear cell influx in the lungs.¹⁵

• Orthostatic hypotension - ibuprofen can induce sodium retention and antagonize the effect of diuretics which has been reported to be beneficial for patients with severe orthostatic hypotension.¹

• Dental pain - ibuprofen is used to manage acute and chronic orofacial pain.¹⁶

• Pain - ibuprofen is widely used to reduce minor aches and pains as well as to reduce fever and manage dysmenorrhea. It is very commonly used for the relief of acute indications such as fever and tension headaches.¹⁰ It is also used to manage mild to moderate pain and moderate to severe pain as an adjunct to opioid analgesics.²⁸

• Investigational uses - efforts have been put into developing ibuprofen for the prophylaxis of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson disease, and breast cancer.¹⁰

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Associated Conditions

Indication Type	Indication	Combined Product Details	Approval Level	Age Group	Patient Characteristics	Dose Form
Used in combination to manage	Acute pain	Combination Product in combination with: Hydrocodone (DB00956)	••••••••••••
Used in combination to manage	Acute pain	Combination Product in combination with: Oxycodone (DB00497)	••••••••••••
Management of	Ankylosing spondylitis		••• •••••
Used in combination for symptomatic treatment of	Common cold	Combination Product in combination with: Phenylephrine (DB00388), Desloratadine (DB00967)	••• •••			•••••••• ••••••
Used in combination for symptomatic treatment of	Common cold	Combination Product in combination with: Cetirizine (DB00341), Phenylephrine (DB00388)	••• •••			•••••••• ••••••• •••••••• •••••• ••••••

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Pharmacodynamics

Ibuprofen has multiple actions in different inflammatory pathways involved in acute and chronic inflammation. The main effects reported in ibuprofen are related to the control of pain, fever and acute inflammation by the inhibition of the synthesis of prostanoids by COX-1 and COX-2. Pain relief is attributed to peripheral affected regions and central nervous system effects in the pain transmission mediated by the dorsal horn and higher spinothalamic tract. Some reports have tried to link the pain regulation with a possible enhancement on the synthesis of endogenous cannabinoids and action on the NMDA receptors. The effect on pain has been shown to be related to the cortically evoked potentials.²³

The antipyretic effect is reported to be linked to the effect on the prostanoid synthesis due to the fact that the prostanoids are the main signaling mediator of pyresis in the hypothalamic-preoptic region.²³

The use of ibuprofen in dental procedures is attributed to the local inhibition of prostanoid production as well as to anti-oedemic activity and an increase of plasma beta-endorphins. Some reports have suggested a rapid local reduction of the expression of COX-2 in dental pulp derived by the administration of ibuprofen.²³

The administration of ibuprofen in patients with rheumatic diseases has shown to control joint symptoms.¹⁰

Ibuprofen is largely used in OTC products such as an agent for the management of dysmenorrhea which has been proven to reduce the amount of menstrual prostanoids and to produce a reduction in the uterine hypercontractility.¹⁷ As well, it has been reported to reduce significantly the fever and the pain caused by migraines.^18,19 This effect is thought to be related to the effect on platelet activation and thromboxane A2 production which produces local vascular effects in the affected regions. This effect is viable as ibuprofen can enter in the central nervous system.²³

In the investigational uses of ibuprofen, it has been reported to reduce neurodegeneration when given in low doses over a long time.²⁰ On the other hand, its use in Parkinson disease is related to the importance of inflammation and oxidative stress in the pathology of this condition.²¹ The use of ibuprofen for breast cancer is related to a study that shows a decrease of 50% in the rate of breast cancer.²²

Mechanism of action

The exact mechanism of action of ibuprofen is unknown. However, ibuprofen is considered an NSAID and thus it is a non-selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, which is an enzyme involved in prostaglandin (mediators of pain and fever) and thromboxane (stimulators of blood clotting) synthesis via the arachidonic acid pathway.²⁷

Ibuprofen is a non-selective COX inhibitor and hence, it inhibits the activity of both COX-1 and COX-2. The inhibition of COX-2 activity decreases the synthesis of prostaglandins involved in mediating inflammation, pain, fever, and swelling while the inhibition of COX-1 is thought to cause some of the side effects of ibuprofen including GI ulceration.²⁵

Target	Actions	Organism
AProstaglandin G/H synthase 2	inhibitor	Humans
AProstaglandin G/H synthase 1	inhibitor	Humans
UApoptosis regulator Bcl-2	modulator	Humans
UThrombomodulin	inducer	Humans
UFatty acid-binding protein, intestinal	binder	Humans
UPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	activator	Humans
UCystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator	inhibitor	Humans
UPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha	activator	Humans
UPlatelet glycoprotein Ib alpha chain	inducer	Humans
UProtein S100-A7	inducer	Humans

Absorption

It is very well absorbed orally and the peak serum concentration can be attained in 1 to 2 hours after extravascular administration. When ibuprofen is administered immediately after a meal there is a slight reduction in the absorption rate but there is no change in the extent of the absorption.¹⁰

When orally administered, the absorption of ibuprofen in adults is very rapidly done in the upper GI tract.²³ The average Cmax, Tmax and AUC ranges around 20 mcg/ml, 2 h and 70 mcg.h/ml. These parameters can vary depending on the enantiomer form, route, and dose of administration.²³

Volume of distribution

The apparent volume of distribution of ibuprofen is of 0.1 L/kg.²⁵

Protein binding

Ibuprofen dosage is more than 99% bound to plasma proteins and site II of purified albumin, binding appears to be saturable and becomes non-linear at concentrations exceeding 20 mcg/ml.¹⁰

Metabolism

Ibuprofen is rapidly metabolized and biotransformed in the liver to the formation of major metabolites which are the hydroxylated and carboxylated derivatives.¹⁰ As soon as it is absorbed, the R-enantiomer undergoes extensive enantiomeric conversion (53-65%) to the more active S-enantiomer in vivo by the activity of alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase.²⁴

Ibuprofen metabolism can be divided in phase I which is represented by the hydroxylation of the isobutyl chains for the formation of 2 or 3-hydroxy derivatives followed by oxidation to 2-carboxy-ibuprofen and p-carboxy-2-propionate. These oxidative reactions are performed by the activity of the cytochrome P450 isoforms CYP 2C9, CYP 2C19 and CYP 2C8. Therefore, these enzymes participate in the oxidation of the alkyl side chain to hydroxyl and carboxyl derivatives. From this enzymes, the major catalyst in the formation of oxidative metabolites is the isoform CYP 2C9.²³

The metabolic phase I is followed by a phase II in which the oxidative metabolites may be conjugated to glucuronide prior to excretion. This activity forms phenolic and acyl glucuronides.²³

Hover over products below to view reaction partners

• Ibuprofen
  • Ibuprofen glucuronide
  • 2-Hydroxyibuprofen
  • 3-Hydroxyibuprofen
    • Carboxy-ibuprofen
  • 1-hydroxyibuprofen

Route of elimination

Ibuprofen is rapidly metabolized and eliminated in the urine thus, this via accounts for more than 90% of the administered dose. It is completely eliminated in 24 hours after the last dose and almost all the administered dose goes through metabolism, representing about 99% of the eliminated dose.¹⁰ The biliary excretion of unchanged drug and active phase II metabolites represents 1% of the administered dose.²³

In summary, ibuprofen is excreted as metabolites or their conjugates. The elimination of ibuprofen is not impaired by old age or the presence of renal impairment.¹⁰

Half-life

The serum half-life of ibuprofen is 1.2-2 hours.¹⁰ In patients with a compromised liver function, the half-life can be prolonged to 3.1-3.4 hours.²³

Clearance

The clearance rate ranges between 3-13 L/h depending on the route of administration, enantiomer type and dosage.²³

Adverse Effects

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Toxicity

The symptoms of overdose are presented in individuals that consumed more than 99 mg/kg. Most common symptoms of overdose are abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, lethargy, vertigo, drowsiness (somnolence), dizziness and insomnia. Other symptoms of overdose include headache, loss of consciousness, tinnitus, CNS depression, convulsions and seizures. May rarely cause metabolic acidosis, abnormal hepatic function, hyperkalemia, renal failure, dyspnea, respiratory depression, coma, acute renal failure, and apnea (primarily in very young pediatric patients).²⁶

The reported LD50 of ibuprofen is of 636 mg/kg in rat, 740 mg/kg in mouse and 495 mg/kg in guinea pig.^MSDS

Pathways

Pathway	Category
Ibuprofen Action Pathway	Drug action
Ibuprofen Metabolism Pathway	Drug metabolism

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Interactions

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This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.

• Approved
• Vet approved
• Nutraceutical
• Illicit
• Withdrawn
• Investigational
• Experimental
• All Drugs

Drug	Interaction
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Abacavir	Ibuprofen may decrease the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a higher serum level.
Abametapir	The serum concentration of Ibuprofen can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir.
Abatacept	The metabolism of Ibuprofen can be increased when combined with Abatacept.
Abciximab	The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Ibuprofen is combined with Abciximab.
Abiraterone	The metabolism of Ibuprofen can be decreased when combined with Abiraterone.

Food Interactions

• Avoid alcohol.
• Take with food. Food reduces irritation.

Products

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Product Ingredients

Ingredient	UNII	CAS	InChI Key
Ibuprofen aluminum	D0YGZ1VO1B	61054-06-6	QAZIXAUMDFPQRW-UHFFFAOYSA-K
Ibuprofen arginine	XV17W49C9U	57469-82-6	GCCOJNYCFNSJII-VWMHFEHESA-N
Ibuprofen lysine	N01ORX9D6S	57469-77-9	IHHXIUAEPKVVII-ZSCHJXSPSA-N
Ibuprofen potassium	48304089JJ	79261-49-7	XJELUCTZEAQYGF-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Ibuprofen sodium	RM1CE97Z4N	527688-20-6	VTGPMVCGAVZLQI-UHFFFAOYSA-M

Product Images

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International/Other Brands

Act-3 (Healthcare Logistics) / Actiprofen (Sterling Health) / Adex (Dexxon) / Aktren (Bayer) / Alges-X (Axapharm) / Algoflex (Chinoin) / Algofren (Intermed) / Alivium (Bristol-Myers Squibb) / Artofen (Teva) / Betagesic (Adcock Ingram Pharmaceuticals) / Betaprofen (Be-Tabs Pharmaceuticals) / Bonifen (Krka) / Brufen (Abbott) / Brupro (Sandoz) / Buburone (Towa Yakuhin) / Buprovil (Multilab Industry and Trade of Pharmaceuticals) / Burana (Orion) / Butylenin (Sanken) / Calprofen (McNeil) / Cap-Profen (PERRIGO) / Capsibu (Sandoz) / Children's Elixsure (Pfizer) / Children's Ibuprofen (Pfizer) / Dalsy (Abbott) / Dismenol (Merz) / Diverin (ACI Ltd) / Dolgirid (LGC) / Dolgit (Dolorgiet) / Doloraz (Jordanian Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Co.) / Dolormin (Johnson & Johnson GmbH) / Ebufac (DDSA Pharmaceuticals) / EmuProfen (Progressive Emu, Inc) / Epobron (Ono) / Fenbid (Smith Kline and Beecham) / Fenpaed (Rite Aid Corporation) / Fenpain (Sandoz) / Ibalgin (Zentiva) / IBU-Ratiopharm (Ratiopharm GmbH) / Ibuflam (Natco Pharma Ltd) / Ibugel (Dermal Laboratories Ltd) / Ibugesic (Cipra Ltd) / IbuHEXAL (Hexal AG) / Ibuleve (Diomed Development Ltd) / Ibum (PPF Hasco-Lek SA) / Ibumax (standford Biotech Pvt Ltd) / Ibumetin (Nycomed Denmark Aps) / Ibupain (Sandoz) / Ibuprocin (Nisshin) / Ibuprom (USP Zdrowie) / Ibuprox (Norway) / Ibustar (Berlin-Chemie Menarini Croatia) / Ibutren (Sandoz) / Ibux (Weifa AS) / Ibuxin (Pliva Hrvatska) / Junior Strength Motrin (J&J Consumer Inc) / Kratalgin (Austria) / Lamidon (Kowa) / Lebrufen / Liptan (Kowa) / Lotem (Adcock Ingram) / Medicol (United Lab) / Medipren (Johnson & Johnson) / Mynosedin (Toho Yakuhin) / Mypaid (Ai Pharm) / Myprodol (Adcock Ingram) / Narfen (Alter) / Naron Ace (Primary Care Tokyo) / Neobrufen (Crookes) / Nobfen (Toho) / Nobgen (Toho) / Norvectan / Nuprin (Upjohn Company) / Nureflex (Boots Healthcare, Courbevoie) / Nurofen (Crookes) / Orbifen (Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH) / Panafen (GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare Australia Pty Ltd) / Pediaprofen (Whitehall Laboratories) / Rapidol (Actavis) / Rimafen / Roidenin (Showa) / Rufen (Boots) / Salvarina (Salvat, Barcelona) / Seclodin (Whitehall Labs, Maidenhead) / Speedpain NANO (Goodsense) / Spidifen (Zambon) / Suspren / Tabalon (Sanofi India Ltd) / Trendar (Whitehall-Robins) / Urem (Kade, MErlin)

Brand Name Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Caldolor	Injection	100 mg/1mL	Intravenous	Cumberland Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2009-08-27	2009-06-24
Caldolor	Injection	800 mg/200mL	Intravenous	Cumberland Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2020-01-01	Not applicable
Caldolor	Injection	800 mg/8mL	Intravenous	Cumberland Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2009-06-11	Not applicable
Caldolor	Solution	100 mg / mL	Intravenous	Cumberland Pharmaceuticals Inc	2012-06-15	Not applicable
Ibupak	Kit	600 mg/1	Oral	PureTek Corporation	2020-05-22	Not applicable

Generic Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Alivio	Tablet	800 mg/800mg	Oral	Alivio Medical Products, Llc	2015-07-01	Not applicable
Alivio	Tablet	400 mg/400mg	Oral	Alivio Medical Products, Llc	2015-07-01	Not applicable
Alivio	Tablet	600 mg/600mg	Oral	Alivio Medical Products, Llc	2015-07-01	Not applicable
Alti-ibuprofen Tab 600mg	Tablet	600 mg	Oral	Altimed Pharma Inc.	1984-12-31	1999-09-17
Apo-ibuprofen Tab 600mg	Tablet	600 mg	Oral	Apotex Corporation	1984-12-31	Not applicable

Over the Counter Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
24/7 Life IBUPROFEN	Tablet, film coated	200 mg/1	Oral	Lil' Drug Store Products, Inc.	2020-12-16	Not applicable
365 Everday Value Ibuprofen	Tablet, film coated	200 mg/1	Oral	Whole Foods Market, Inc.	2020-08-24	Not applicable
365 Everyday Value Ibuprofen	Tablet, film coated	200 mg/1	Oral	Whole Foods Market, Inc.	2018-08-29	Not applicable
7 Select Childrens Ibuprofen	Suspension	100 mg/5mL	Oral	7-Eleven	2014-08-05	2021-04-30
7 Select Ibuprofen	Capsule, liquid filled	200 mg/1	Oral	7-Eleven	2018-02-02	2021-03-31

Mixture Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
10 Person ANSI	Ibuprofen (200 mg/1) + Acetaminophen (325 mg/1) + Acetylsalicylic acid (325 mg/1) + Bacitracin zinc (400 [iU]/1g) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.13 g/100g) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.40 mL/100mL) + Benzocaine (6 mL/100mL) + Ethanol (60 mL/100mL) + Lidocaine (0.5 1/100g) + Neomycin sulfate (5 mg/1g) + Polymyxin B sulfate (5000 [iU]/1g) + Water (98.6 mL/100mL)	Kit	Ophthalmic; Oral; Topical	Genuine First Aid	2010-04-24	Not applicable
25 Person ANSI	Ibuprofen (200 mg/1) + Acetaminophen (325 mg/1) + Acetylsalicylic acid (325 mg/1) + Bacitracin zinc (400 [iU]/1g) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.13 g/100g) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.40 mL/100mL) + Benzocaine (6 mL/100mL) + Ethanol (60 mL/100mL) + Ethanol (62 g/100g) + Isopropyl alcohol (70 mL/100mL) + Lidocaine (0.5 g/100g) + Neomycin sulfate (5 mg/1g) + Polymyxin B sulfate (5000 [iU]/1g) + Water (98.6 mL/100mL)	Kit	Ophthalmic; Oral; Topical	Genuine First Aid	2010-04-25	Not applicable
4389 First Aid Kit	Ibuprofen (200 mg/1) + Acetaminophen (500 mg/1) + Acetylsalicylic acid (325 mg/1) + Ammonia (0.045 g/0.3mL) + Bacitracin zinc (400 [iU]/1g) + Benzalkonium chloride (1.3 mg/1mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (2 g/100g) + Neomycin sulfate (3.5 mg/1g) + Polymyxin B sulfate (5000 [iU]/1g) + Water (98.6 mL/100mL)	Kit	Ophthalmic; Oral; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical	Honeywell Safety Products USA, Inc	2018-10-18	Not applicable
4390 First Aid Kit	Ibuprofen (200 mg/1) + Acetaminophen (325 mg/1) + Ammonia (0.045 g/0.3mL) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.13 g/100mL) + Calcium carbonate (420 mg/1) + Ethanol (62 mL/100mL) + Isopropyl alcohol (0.7 mL/1mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (24.64 mg/1mL) + Neomycin sulfate (3.5 mg/1g) + Phenylephrine hydrochloride (5 mg/1) + Water (98.6 mL/100mL)	Kit	Ophthalmic; Oral; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical	Honeywell Safety Products USA, Inc	2018-10-18	Not applicable
4392 First Aid Kit	Ibuprofen (200 mg/1) + Acetaminophen (325 mg/1) + Ammonia (0.045 g/0.3mL) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.13 g/100mL) + Calcium carbonate (420 mg/1) + Ethanol (62 mL/100mL) + Isopropyl alcohol (0.7 mL/1mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (24.64 mg/1mL) + Neomycin sulfate (3.5 mg/1g) + Phenylephrine hydrochloride (5 mg/1) + Water (98.6 mL/100mL)	Kit	Ophthalmic; Oral; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical	Honeywell Safety Products USA, Inc	2018-10-18	Not applicable

Unapproved/Other Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
4389 First Aid Kit	Ibuprofen (200 mg/1) + Acetaminophen (500 mg/1) + Acetylsalicylic acid (325 mg/1) + Ammonia (0.045 g/0.3mL) + Bacitracin zinc (400 [iU]/1g) + Benzalkonium chloride (1.3 mg/1mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (2 g/100g) + Neomycin sulfate (3.5 mg/1g) + Polymyxin B sulfate (5000 [iU]/1g) + Water (98.6 mL/100mL)	Kit	Ophthalmic; Oral; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical	Honeywell Safety Products USA, Inc	2018-10-18	Not applicable
4390 First Aid Kit	Ibuprofen (200 mg/1) + Acetaminophen (325 mg/1) + Ammonia (0.045 g/0.3mL) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.13 g/100mL) + Calcium carbonate (420 mg/1) + Ethanol (62 mL/100mL) + Isopropyl alcohol (0.7 mL/1mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (24.64 mg/1mL) + Neomycin sulfate (3.5 mg/1g) + Phenylephrine hydrochloride (5 mg/1) + Water (98.6 mL/100mL)	Kit	Ophthalmic; Oral; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical	Honeywell Safety Products USA, Inc	2018-10-18	Not applicable
4392 First Aid Kit	Ibuprofen (200 mg/1) + Acetaminophen (325 mg/1) + Ammonia (0.045 g/0.3mL) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.13 g/100mL) + Calcium carbonate (420 mg/1) + Ethanol (62 mL/100mL) + Isopropyl alcohol (0.7 mL/1mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (24.64 mg/1mL) + Neomycin sulfate (3.5 mg/1g) + Phenylephrine hydrochloride (5 mg/1) + Water (98.6 mL/100mL)	Kit	Ophthalmic; Oral; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical	Honeywell Safety Products USA, Inc	2018-10-18	Not applicable
4395 First Aid Kit	Ibuprofen (200 mg/1) + Acetaminophen (500 mg/1) + Acetylsalicylic acid (325 mg/1) + Benzalkonium chloride (1.3 mg/1mL) + Benzalkonium chloride (0.13 g/100g) + Isopropyl alcohol (0.7 mL/1mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (0.5 g/100g) + Neomycin sulfate (3.5 mg/1g)	Cream; Kit; Liquid; Ointment; Swab; Tablet	Oral; Topical	Honeywell Safety Products USA, Inc	2018-10-18	Not applicable
Cimetidine 5% / Ibuprofen 2% / Salicylic Acid 17%	Ibuprofen (2 g/100g) + Cimetidine (5 g/100g) + Salicylic acid (17 g/100g)	Gel	Topical	Sincerus Florida, LLC	2019-05-17	Not applicable

Categories

ATC Codes

G02CC01 — Ibuprofen

• G02CC — Antiinflammatory products for vaginal administration
• G02C — OTHER GYNECOLOGICALS
• G02 — OTHER GYNECOLOGICALS
• G — GENITO URINARY SYSTEM AND SEX HORMONES

C01EB16 — Ibuprofen

• C01EB — Other cardiac preparations
• C01E — OTHER CARDIAC PREPARATIONS
• C01 — CARDIAC THERAPY
• C — CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

M01AE01 — Ibuprofen

• M01AE — Propionic acid derivatives
• M01A — ANTIINFLAMMATORY AND ANTIRHEUMATIC PRODUCTS, NON-STEROIDS
• M01 — ANTIINFLAMMATORY AND ANTIRHEUMATIC PRODUCTS
• M — MUSCULO-SKELETAL SYSTEM

M02AA13 — Ibuprofen

• M02AA — Antiinflammatory preparations, non-steroids for topical use
• M02A — TOPICAL PRODUCTS FOR JOINT AND MUSCULAR PAIN
• M02 — TOPICAL PRODUCTS FOR JOINT AND MUSCULAR PAIN
• M — MUSCULO-SKELETAL SYSTEM

R02AX02 — Ibuprofen

• R02AX — Other throat preparations
• R02A — THROAT PREPARATIONS
• R02 — THROAT PREPARATIONS
• R — RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

N02AJ08 — Codeine and ibuprofen

• N02AJ — Opioids in combination with non-opioid analgesics
• N02A — OPIOIDS
• N02 — ANALGESICS
• N — NERVOUS SYSTEM

N02AJ19 — Oxycodone and ibuprofen

• N02AJ — Opioids in combination with non-opioid analgesics
• N02A — OPIOIDS
• N02 — ANALGESICS
• N — NERVOUS SYSTEM

M01AE51 — Ibuprofen, combinations

• M01AE — Propionic acid derivatives
• M01A — ANTIINFLAMMATORY AND ANTIRHEUMATIC PRODUCTS, NON-STEROIDS
• M01 — ANTIINFLAMMATORY AND ANTIRHEUMATIC PRODUCTS
• M — MUSCULO-SKELETAL SYSTEM

Drug Categories

• Acids, Carbocyclic
• Agents causing angioedema
• Agents causing hyperkalemia
• Agents that produce hypertension
• Analgesics
• Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents
• Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
• Antiinflammatory and Antirheumatic Products
• Antiinflammatory and Antirheumatic Products, Non-Steroids
• Antiinflammatory Preparations, Non-Steroids for Topical Use
• Antiinflammatory Products for Vaginal Administration
• Antirheumatic Agents
• Central Nervous System Agents
• COX-1 Inhibitors
• COX-2 Inhibitors
• Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Substrates
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Substrates
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Substrates
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
• Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors
• Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
• Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted
• Enzyme Inhibitors
• Experimental Unapproved Treatments for COVID-19
• Nephrotoxic agents
• Nervous System
• Non COX-2 selective NSAIDS
• OAT1/SLC22A6 inhibitors
• OAT3/SLC22A8 Inhibitors
• OATP2B1/SLCO2B1 substrates
• Other Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Agents
• P-glycoprotein inhibitors
• P-glycoprotein substrates
• Peripheral Nervous System Agents
• Pharmaceutical Preparations
• Phenylpropionates
• Propionates
• Sensory System Agents
• Throat Preparations
• Topical Products for Joint and Muscular Pain
• UDP Glucuronosyltransferases Inhibitors
• UGT1A1 Substrates
• UGT1A3 substrates
• UGT1A9 Substrates
• UGT2B17 Inhibitors
• UGT2B7 substrates

Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire

Description

This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpropanoic acids. These are compounds with a structure containing a benzene ring conjugated to a propanoic acid.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Phenylpropanoids and polyketides

Class

Phenylpropanoic acids

Sub Class

Not Available

Direct Parent

Phenylpropanoic acids

Alternative Parents

Monocyclic monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids / Phenylpropanes / Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids / Organic oxides / Hydrocarbon derivatives / Carbonyl compounds

Substituents

2-phenylpropanoic-acid / Aromatic homomonocyclic compound / Aromatic monoterpenoid / Benzenoid / Carbonyl group / Carboxylic acid / Carboxylic acid derivative / Hydrocarbon derivative / Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives / Monocyclic benzene moiety

Molecular Framework

Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds

External Descriptors

monocarboxylic acid (CHEBI:5855)

Affected organisms

• Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII

WK2XYI10QM

CAS number

15687-27-1

InChI Key

HEFNNWSXXWATRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI

InChI=1S/C13H18O2/c1-9(2)8-11-4-6-12(7-5-11)10(3)13(14)15/h4-7,9-10H,8H2,1-3H3,(H,14,15)

IUPAC Name

2-[4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl]propanoic acid

SMILES

CC(C)CC1=CC=C(C=C1)C(C)C(O)=O

References

General References

1. Zawada ET Jr: Renal consequences of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Postgrad Med. 1982 May;71(5):223-30. [Article]
2. Townsend KP, Pratico D: Novel therapeutic opportunities for Alzheimer's disease: focus on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. FASEB J. 2005 Oct;19(12):1592-601. [Article]
3. Chen H, Jacobs E, Schwarzschild MA, McCullough ML, Calle EE, Thun MJ, Ascherio A: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use and the risk for Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol. 2005 Dec;58(6):963-7. [Article]
4. Geisslinger G, Dietzel K, Bezler H, Nuernberg B, Brune K: Therapeutically relevant differences in the pharmacokinetical and pharmaceutical behavior of ibuprofen lysinate as compared to ibuprofen acid. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol. 1989 Jul;27(7):324-8. [Article]
5. Bergner T, Przybilla B: Photosensitization caused by ibuprofen. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1992 Jan;26(1):114-6. [Article]
6. Dill J, Patel AR, Yang XL, Bachoo R, Powell CM, Li S: A molecular mechanism for ibuprofen-mediated RhoA inhibition in neurons. J Neurosci. 2010 Jan 20;30(3):963-72. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5045-09.2010. [Article]
7. Adams SS: The propionic acids: a personal perspective. J Clin Pharmacol. 1992 Apr;32(4):317-23. [Article]
8. Rainsford KD: Discovery, mechanisms of action and safety of ibuprofen. Int J Clin Pract Suppl. 2003 Apr;(135):3-8. [Article]
9. Halford GM, Lordkipanidze M, Watson SP: 50th anniversary of the discovery of ibuprofen: an interview with Dr Stewart Adams. Platelets. 2012;23(6):415-22. doi: 10.3109/09537104.2011.632032. Epub 2011 Nov 18. [Article]
10. Bushra R, Aslam N: An overview of clinical pharmacology of Ibuprofen. Oman Med J. 2010 Jul;25(3):155-1661. doi: 10.5001/omj.2010.49. [Article]
11. Adams SS, McCullough KF, Nicholson JS: The pharmacological properties of ibuprofen, an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic agent. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1969 Mar;178(1):115-29. [Article]
12. Potthast H, Dressman JB, Junginger HE, Midha KK, Oeser H, Shah VP, Vogelpoel H, Barends DM: Biowaiver monographs for immediate release solid oral dosage forms: ibuprofen. J Pharm Sci. 2005 Oct;94(10):2121-31. doi: 10.1002/jps.20444. [Article]
13. Sharma PK, Garg SK, Narang A: Pharmacokinetics of oral ibuprofen in premature infants. J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Sep;43(9):968-73. [Article]
14. Tan SC, Patel BK, Jackson SH, Swift CG, Hutt AJ: Ibuprofen stereochemistry: double-the-trouble? Enantiomer. 1999;4(3-4):195-203. [Article]
15. Konstan MW, Krenicky JE, Finney MR, Kirchner HL, Hilliard KA, Hilliard JB, Davis PB, Hoppel CL: Effect of ibuprofen on neutrophil migration in vivo in cystic fibrosis and healthy subjects. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Sep;306(3):1086-91. doi: 10.1124/jpet.103.052449. Epub 2003 Jun 13. [Article]
16. Moore PA, Hersh EV: Celecoxib and rofecoxib. The role of COX-2 inhibitors in dental practice. J Am Dent Assoc. 2001 Apr;132(4):451-6. [Article]
17. Dawood MY: Primary dysmenorrhea: advances in pathogenesis and management. Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Aug;108(2):428-41. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000230214.26638.0c. [Article]
18. Krishna S, Pukrittayakamee S, Supanaranond W, ter Kuile F, Ruprah M, Sura T, White NJ: Fever in uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: randomized double-'blind' comparison of ibuprofen and paracetamol treatment. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1995 Sep-Oct;89(5):507-9. [Article]
19. Evers S, Rahmann A, Kraemer C, Kurlemann G, Debus O, Husstedt IW, Frese A: Treatment of childhood migraine attacks with oral zolmitriptan and ibuprofen. Neurology. 2006 Aug 8;67(3):497-9. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000231138.18629.d5. Epub 2006 Jun 14. [Article]
20. Casper D, Yaparpalvi U, Rempel N, Werner P: Ibuprofen protects dopaminergic neurons against glutamate toxicity in vitro. Neurosci Lett. 2000 Aug 11;289(3):201-4. [Article]
21. Ton TG, Heckbert SR, Longstreth WT Jr, Rossing MA, Kukull WA, Franklin GM, Swanson PD, Smith-Weller T, Checkoway H: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord. 2006 Jul;21(7):964-9. doi: 10.1002/mds.20856. [Article]
22. Harris RE, Kasbari S, Farrar WB: Prospective study of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and breast cancer. Oncol Rep. 1999 Jan-Feb;6(1):71-3. [Article]
23. Rainsford KD: Ibuprofen: pharmacology, efficacy and safety. Inflammopharmacology. 2009 Dec;17(6):275-342. doi: 10.1007/s10787-009-0016-x. Epub 2009 Nov 21. [Article]
24. Tracy TS, Hall SD: Metabolic inversion of (R)-ibuprofen. Epimerization and hydrolysis of ibuprofenyl-coenzyme A. Drug Metab Dispos. 1992 Mar-Apr;20(2):322-7. [Article]
25. Rao P, Knaus EE: Evolution of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition and beyond. J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2008 Sep 20;11(2):81s-110s. [Article]
26. Hall AH, Smolinske SC, Conrad FL, Wruk KM, Kulig KW, Dwelle TL, Rumack BH: Ibuprofen overdose: 126 cases. Ann Emerg Med. 1986 Nov;15(11):1308-13. [Article]
27. Current issues in pharmacy and medical sciences [Link]
28. FDA Approved Drug Products: Caldolor (ibuprofen) solution for intravenous injection [Link]

External Links

Human Metabolome Database

HMDB0001925

KEGG Drug

D00126

KEGG Compound

C01588

PubChem Compound

3672

PubChem Substance

46507255

ChemSpider

3544

BindingDB

50009859

RxNav

5640

ChEBI

5855

ChEMBL

CHEMBL521

Therapeutic Targets Database

DAP000780

PharmGKB

PA449957

Guide to Pharmacology

GtP Drug Page

RxList

RxList Drug Page

Drugs.com

Drugs.com Drug Page

Wikipedia

Ibuprofen

FDA label

Download (1.77 MB)

MSDS

Download (73.5 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">

Phase	Status	Purpose	Conditions	Count
4	Active Not Recruiting	Treatment	Analgesia	1
4	Active Not Recruiting	Treatment	Lumbar Disc Disease / Lumbar Spine Disc Herniation / Radiculopathy Lumbar	1
4	Active Not Recruiting	Treatment	Postoperative pain	2
4	Completed	Basic Science	Healthy Subjects (HS)	2
4	Completed	Basic Science	Ischemic Heart Disease / Osteoarthritis (OA)	1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Not Available

Packagers

• Abbott Laboratories Ltd.
• Actavis Group
• Advanced Pharmaceutical Services Inc.
• Aidarex Pharmacuticals LLC
• Altura Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Amerisource Health Services Corp.
• Amneal Pharmaceuticals
• Apotheca Inc.
• Apothecary Shop Wholesale
• A-S Medication Solutions LLC
• Ascend Laboratories LLC
• Atlantic Biologicals Corporation
• BASF Corp.
• Bayer Healthcare
• Ben Venue Laboratories Inc.
• Blenheim Pharmacal
• Breckenridge Pharmaceuticals
• Bryant Ranch Prepack
• Bv Pharbita
• Cardinal Health
• Caremark LLC
• Central Texas Community Health Centers
• Centrix Pharmaceuticals
• Chain Drug
• Corepharma LLC
• Coupler Enterprises Inc.
• Cumberland Pharmaceuticals
• CVS Pharmacy
• Darby Dental Supply Co. Inc.
• Dept Health Central Pharmacy
• DHHS Program Support Center Supply Service Center
• Direct Dispensing Inc.
• Dispensing Solutions
• Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
• Doctor Reddys Laboratories Ltd.
• Dorx LLC
• Eckerd
• Equaline Vitamins
• Gm Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Golden State Medical Supply Inc.
• Greenstone LLC
• Group Health Cooperative
• H and H Laboratories
• H.J. Harkins Co. Inc.
• Hawthorn Pharmaceuticals
• Heartland Repack Services LLC
• Hl Moore Drug Exchange
• Imiren Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Innoviant Pharmacy Inc.
• Ivax Pharmaceuticals
• Kaiser Foundation Hospital
• Keltman Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Kowa Pharmaceuticals America Inc.
• Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply
• LeaderPharma
• Legacy Pharmaceuticals Packaging LLC
• Liberty Pharmaceuticals
• Lundbeck Inc.
• Major Pharmaceuticals
• Mckesson Corp.
• McNeil Laboratories
• Medicine Shop
• Medique Products
• Medisca Inc.
• Medvantx Inc.
• Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
• Nucare Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Palmetto Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Par Pharmaceuticals
• Particle Dynamics Co.
• Patient First Corp.
• PCA LLC
• PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Perrigo Co.
• Pharmaceutical Association
• Pharmaceutical Utilization Management Program VA Inc.
• Pharmacia Inc.
• Pharmedix
• Physicians Total Care Inc.
• Poly Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Prepackage Specialists
• Prepak Systems Inc.
• Prescript Pharmaceuticals
• Prescription Dispensing Service Inc.
• Publix Super Markets
• Qualitest
• Rebel Distributors Corp.
• Redpharm Drug
• Remedy Repack
• Resource Optimization and Innovation LLC
• Rite Aid Corp.
• Sandhills Packaging Inc.
• Shanghai Ziyuan Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.
• Shasun Chemicals & Drugs Ltd.
• Southwood Pharmaceuticals
• St Mary's Medical Park Pharmacy
• Stat Rx Usa
• Sunmark
• Talbert Medical Management Corp.
• Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
• UDL Laboratories
• Ultras Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Va Cmop Dallas
• Vangard Labs Inc.
• Veratex Corp.
• Vintage Pharmaceuticals Inc.
• Vistapharm Inc.
• Walgreen Co.
• Watson Pharmaceuticals
• Wyeth Pharmaceuticals
• Xactdose Inc.

Dosage Forms

Form	Route	Strength
Kit	Ophthalmic; Oral; Respiratory (inhalation); Topical
Cream; kit; liquid; ointment; swab; tablet	Oral; Topical
Kit	Ophthalmic; Oral; Topical
Tablet	Not applicable
Injection, powder, for solution	Intramuscular
Capsule	Oral	400.000 mg
Gel	Cutaneous	5.00 g
Capsule, liquid filled	Oral	600 mg
Tablet, sugar coated	Oral
Suspension	Oral	400 mg
Kit	Oral; Topical
Kit	Topical
Tablet, coated	Topical	200 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	600.000 mg
Tablet, extended release	Oral	600 mg
Capsule; kit	Oral
Tablet, coated	Oral	256 mg/1
Tablet, coated	Oral	200 mg/1000mg
Capsule	Oral
Capsule	Oral	200 mg
Capsule	Oral	200.000 mg
Capsule	Oral	600.000 mg
Suspension	Oral	20 MG/ML
Tablet	Oral	400 mg/400mg
Tablet	Oral	600 mg/600mg
Tablet	Oral	800 mg/800mg
Suspension	Oral	100 mg
Tablet	Oral	300 mg
Tablet	Oral	600 mg
Capsule	Oral	600.0000 mg
Tablet	Oral	1212.100 mg
Capsule	Oral	250 MG
Injection, powder, for solution	Intramuscular	400 MG/3ML
Injection, solution	Intramuscular	400 MG/3ML
Solution	Intramuscular	400 mg/3ml
Solution	Vaginal	10 MG/ML
Suppository	Rectal	250 MG
Tablet	Oral	500 MG
Gel	Topical	5 g
Suspension	Oral	2.000 g
Syrup	Oral
Solution	Intravenous	10 mg
Tablet	Oral	800.00 mg
Cream	Topical	10 G/100G
Cream	Topical	30 G
Granule, effervescent	Oral	600 MG
Pill		300 MG
Pill		400 MG
Tablet, coated		600 MG
Tablet, coated		800 MG
Tablet, film coated	Oral
Tablet, coated	Oral	400 mg
Tablet, delayed release	Oral	800 mg
Ointment	Topical
Powder, for solution	Oral
Suspension	Oral	200 mg/5mL
Suspension	Oral	200000 g
Powder	Oral	200 MG
Powder	Oral	400 MG
Injection	Intravenous	100 mg/1mL
Injection	Intravenous	800 mg/200mL
Injection	Intravenous	800 mg/8mL
Solution	Intravenous	100 mg / mL
Granule	Oral	2.2 g
Suspension	Oral	100 mg / 5 mL
Tablet, chewable	Oral	50 mg
Tablet	Oral	50 mg
Solution	Oral	100 mg/5mL
Suspension	Oral	200 mg/10mL
Suspension / drops	Oral	100 mg/5mL
Suspension	Oral	100 mg/10mL
Suspension	Oral
Tablet, delayed release	Oral
Gel	Topical
Kit; tablet	Oral
Tablet, film coated
Injection	Intravenous
Kit; tablet	Oral	800 mg/1
Powder	Not applicable	66 mg/100mg
Powder		85 mg/100mg
Capsule, liquid filled	Oral	200 mg/1
Patch	Topical
Cream; kit; liquid; ointment; tablet; tablet, chewable; tablet, film coated	Oral; Topical
Gel	Topical	50 mg/g
Gel	Topical
Liquid	Oral	100 mg/100mL
Cream	Topical
Cream	Topical	5 %
Tablet, sugar coated	Oral	400 mg/1
Tablet, sugar coated	Oral	600 mg/1
Gel	Topical	400 mg/1
Capsule	Oral	50 mg/g
Suspension	Oral	200000000 mg
Solution / drops	Oral
Capsule, liquid filled	Oral	200 mg
Suspension	Oral	40 MG/ML
Capsule, coated	Oral	200 mg
Gel	Topical	10 %
Injection, solution	Intravenous	400 mg/100ml
Injection, solution, concentrate	Intravenous	20 mg/2ml
Capsule, liquid filled	Oral	200 mg/1201
Powder, for solution	Vaginal
Solution	Vaginal
Powder	Oral	0.2 g
Granule	Oral	200 mg
Granule	Oral	13.33 g
Suspension	Oral	40.000 mg
Solution	Topical
Pill
Tablet, orally disintegrating	Oral	200 MG
Suspension	Oral	4 g
Granule, effervescent	Oral	200 MG
Granule, effervescent	Oral	400 MG
Capsule	Oral	400.000000 mg
Capsule	Oral
Capsule	Oral	600 mg
Suspension	Oral	50 mg/1.25mL
Tablet, film coated	Oral
Suppository	Rectal
Tablet, film coated	Oral	293 MG
Tablet, film coated	Oral	500 MG
Syrup	Oral	20 MG/ML
Syrup	Oral	40 MG/ML
Tablet, film coated	Oral	800 MG
Powder; powder, for solution; powder, for suspension	Oral	200 MG
Powder; powder, for solution; powder, for suspension	Oral	400 MG
Tablet, film coated	Oral	684 MG
Tablet, extended release	Oral	800 MG
Suppository	Rectal	60 mg
Patch	Topical	136 MG
Solution	Oral	40 mg
Tablet, film coated	Oral	100 mg
Capsule, coated	Oral	200 mg/1
Capsule, liquid filled	Oral	200 mg/2001
Kit; tablet, film coated	Oral
Suspension	Oral	100 mg/5mL
Tablet	Not applicable	200 mg/1
Tablet	Oral
Tablet	Oral	0.2 g/1g
Tablet	Oral	200 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	400 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	600 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	800 mg/1
Tablet, coated	Oral	200 mg/1
Tablet, coated	Oral	400 mg/1
Tablet, coated	Oral	600 mg/1
Tablet, coated	Oral	800 mg/1
Tablet, film coated	Oral	200 mg/1 1
Tablet, film coated	Oral	200 mg/1
Tablet, film coated	Oral	200 1/1
Tablet, film coated	Oral	256 mg/1
Tablet, film coated	Oral	400 mg/1
Tablet, film coated	Oral	400 mg/301
Tablet, film coated	Oral	400 mg/400mg
Tablet, film coated	Oral	600 mg/1
Tablet, film coated	Oral	600 mg/600mg
Tablet, film coated	Oral	800 mg/800mg
Tablet, film coated	Oral	800 mg/1
Tablet, sugar coated	Oral	200 mg/1
Capsule, extended release	Oral	400 MG
Suppository	Rectal	500 MG
Capsule	Oral	200 mg/1
Suppository	Rectal	600 mg
Tablet, sugar coated	Oral
Solution	Parenteral
Tablet, chewable	Oral
Tablet, chewable	Oral	100 mg/1
Solution	Parenteral	400 mg
Suspension	Oral
Capsule, liquid filled	Oral
Granule	Oral	400 MG
Granule	Oral	600 MG
Syrup	Oral
Granule, for solution	Oral	600 MG
Injection, solution
Injection, solution		400 MG
Injection, solution		600 MG
Tablet	Oral	200 MG
Suspension	Oral	200 MG
Tablet, coated	Oral	4000 mg
Suspension	Oral	2 g
Tablet, coated	Oral	470.5882 mg
Tablet, delayed release	Oral	400 mg
Solution	Intravenous	4 mg/mL
Solution, concentrate	Intravenous	600 mg
Tablet, delayed release	Oral	600 mg
Tablet, coated	Oral	800 mg
Suspension	Oral	200 g
Suspension	Oral	2.0832 g
Tablet, delayed release	Oral	200 mg
Capsule, gelatin coated
Cream	Topical	50 mg
Solution	Intravenous	400 mg
Tablet, film coated	Oral	1000 MG
Tablet, coated	Oral
Solution / drops	Oral	40 mg / mL
Tablet	Oral	800 mg
Injection	Intravenous
Injection, solution	Intravenous	400 mg/4ml
Injection, solution	Intravenous	800 mg/8ml
Solution	Intravenous	400.000 mg
Gel	Topical	100 MG/G
Tablet, chewable	Oral	100 mg
Tablet, coated	Oral	100 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	100 mg
Tablet, coated	Oral	400 mg (titer)
Suspension	Oral	100 ml
Gel	Topical	0.5 g
Capsule, coated	Oral	400 mg
Capsule, coated	Oral
Solution / drops; suspension / drops
Granule, for solution	Oral	200 MG
Solution / drops	Oral	20 G/100ML
Tablet, chewable	Oral	200 MG
Tablet, effervescent	Oral	200 MG
Powder	Oral
Granule, for solution	Oral
Tablet	Oral	200 mg / tab
Tablet, film coated	Oral	100 mg/1
Tablet	Oral	800.000 mg
Kit; tablet; tablet, orally disintegrating	Oral
Capsule, liquid filled	Oral	800 mg
Gel	Topical	50 MG
Granule, effervescent	Oral
Injection, solution	Intravenous	10 mg/1mL
Solution	Intravenous	10 mg/1mL
Capsule, liquid filled	Oral	400 mg
Tablet, coated		200 MG
Tablet, coated		400 MG
Tablet, orally disintegrating	Oral
Plaster	Topical
Tablet, film coated	Oral	200 mg
Capsule, liquid filled	Oral
Syrup	Oral	200 mg/5mL
Tablet, coated	Oral	30 MG
Suspension	Oral	40 MG
Suspension	Oral	20 MG
Suspension	Oral	2 %
Tablet, sugar coated	Oral	400 mg
Tablet	Oral	200.00 mg
Suspension	Oral	100 mg/1mL
Injection, solution	Intravenous
Injection, solution	Intravenous	5 mg/ml
Liquid	Oral	50 mg/1.25mL
Injection, solution	Intravenous	10 mg/2ml
Tablet, sugar coated	Oral	200 mg
Kit; tablet	Oral	600 mg/1
Suspension	Oral	4000 mg
Tablet	Oral	400 mg
Tablet	Oral	400.000 mg
Tablet	Oral	400 mg/537mg
Gel	Topical	5 %
Cream	Topical	50 mg/g
Suppository	Rectal	125 MG
Tablet, coated	Oral	80000000 mg
Tablet, film coated	Oral	292.6 mg
Tablet, film coated	Oral	200 1/2001
Tablet; tablet, film coated	Oral
Tablet	Oral
Granule	Oral
Granule, for solution	Oral	400 mg
Solution / drops	Oral	200 MG/ML
Granule, for suspension	Oral	400 MG
Granule, for suspension	Oral	600 MG
Patch		136 MG
Suspension	Oral	2000 mg
Suspension	Oral	4.000 g
Tablet, coated	Oral	200 mg
Kit	Oral
Cream	Topical
Kit	Oral	600 mg/1
Suspension	Oral	5 mg/ml
Tablet, effervescent	Oral
Tablet, coated	Oral
Tablet	Oral	200.000 mg
Syrup	Oral	2 g
Liquid	Oral	100 mg/5mL
Suspension / drops	Oral	50 mg/1.25mL
Suspension	Oral	2 %w/v
Suspension	Oral	20.0 mg
Tablet	Oral	400.00 mg
Syrup	Oral	100 mg/5ml
Tablet, film coated	Oral	600 mg
Tablet, film coated	Oral	400 mg
Gel	Topical	5 %w/w
Tablet, film coated	Oral	342 mg
Tablet, coated	Oral	684 mg
Tablet, coated	Oral	600 mg
Tablet, film coated	Oral	200 mg
Capsule	Oral	400 mg

Prices

Unit description	Cost	Unit
Neoprofen 20 mg/2 ml vial	304.5USD	ml
Caldolor 400 mg/4 ml vial	2.21USD	ml
Caldolor 800 mg/8 ml vial	1.58USD	ml
Nuprin arthritis patch	1.11USD	patch
Ibuprofen powder	1.04USD	g
Nuprin muscle & joint patch	1.03USD	patch
Profen II 45-800 mg 12 Hour tablet	0.69USD	tablet
Motrin 800 mg tablet	0.59USD	tablet
Advil allergy sinus caplet	0.5USD	caplet
Ibu-drops 40 mg/ml suspension drops	0.42USD	ml
Motrin 600 mg tablet	0.4USD	tablet
Ibuprofen 800 mg tablet	0.36USD	tablet
Ibuprofen 400 mg tablet	0.35USD	tablet
Infant's motrin 50 mg/1.25 ml	0.34USD	ml
Childs ibuprofen susp drp	0.33USD	ml
Ibuprofen 600 mg tablet	0.33USD	tablet
Wal-profen cold & sinus cplt	0.3USD	caplet
Infant ibuprofen susp drop	0.29USD	ml
Motrin 400 mg tablet	0.29USD	tablet
CVS Pharmacy infant ibuprofen susp drop	0.25USD	ml
Infants medi-profen susp	0.23USD	ml
Advil cold & sinus caplet	0.22USD	caplet
Advil pm caplet	0.22USD	caplet
Soba profen cold-sinus tablet	0.22USD	tablet
Midol caplet	0.21USD	caplet
Advil migraine 200 mg capsule	0.2USD	capsule
Ibuprofen cold-sinus caplet	0.2USD	caplet
Motrin 100 mg caplet	0.2USD	caplet
Motrin pm caplet	0.2USD	caplet
Advil 200 mg liqui-gel capsule	0.19USD	capsule
Soba profen ib caplet	0.19USD	caplet
Motrin 100 mg tablet chew	0.18USD	tablet
Pub infants profenib drops	0.18USD	ml
Sm ibuprofen ib 100 mg tablet	0.18USD	tablet
Eck ibuprofen jr caplet	0.17USD	caplet
Ibuprofen pm caplet	0.17USD	caplet
Advil 200 mg caplet	0.15USD	capsule
Advil 200 mg gel caplet	0.15USD	caplet
Advil 200 mg tablet	0.15USD	tablet
Ibuprofen 100 mg tablet chew	0.15USD	tablet
Motrin ib 200 mg caplet	0.15USD	caplet
Apo-Ibuprofen 600 mg Tablet	0.14USD	tablet
CVS Pharmacy ibuprofen jr str 100 mg tablet	0.14USD	tablet
Nu-Ibuprofen 600 mg Tablet	0.14USD	tablet
Motrin ib 200 mg tablet	0.13USD	tablet
Motrin ib 200 mg gelcap	0.12USD	capsule
Nuprin 200 mg caplet	0.12USD	caplet
Wal-profen 200 mg caplet	0.12USD	caplet
Wal-profen 200 mg tablet	0.12USD	tablet
Eql ibuprofen 200 mg tablet	0.1USD	tablet
Nuprin 200 mg tablet	0.1USD	tablet
Apo-Ibuprofen 400 mg Tablet	0.08USD	tablet
Ibuprofen ib 200 mg tablet	0.08USD	tablet
Novo-Profen 400 mg Tablet	0.08USD	tablet
Apo-Ibuprofen 300 mg Tablet	0.07USD	tablet
Medi-profen 200 mg tablet	0.07USD	tablet
Ibuprofen 100 mg/5ml Suspension	0.06USD	ml
Ibuprofen 200 mg caplet	0.06USD	caplet
Child ibuprofen susp	0.05USD	ml
Children's medi-profen susp	0.05USD	ml
Children's motrin cold suspension	0.05USD	ml
CVS Pharmacy ibuprofen 200 mg tablet	0.05USD	tablet
Ibuprofen cold suspension	0.05USD	ml
I-prin 200 mg tablet	0.05USD	tablet
Novo-Profen 600 mg Tablet	0.05USD	tablet
Children's motrin cold	0.04USD	ml
Pv ibuprofen 200 mg caplet	0.04USD	caplet
Soba children's profenib susp	0.04USD	ml
Ibuprofen 200 mg tablet	0.03USD	tablet
CVS Pharmacy ibuprofen 200 mg caplet	0.02USD	caplet
Pv ibuprofen 200 mg tablet	0.02USD	tablet

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Patents

Patent Number	Pediatric Extension	Approved	Expires (estimated)	Region
US5215755	No	1993-06-01	2010-06-01
US6599531	No	2003-07-29	2017-06-10
US6348216	No	2002-02-19	2017-06-10
US6342530	No	2002-01-29	2020-11-14
US6344479	No	2002-02-05	2021-03-20
US8415337	No	2013-04-09	2032-03-02
US6211246	No	2001-04-03	2019-06-10
US8883849	No	2014-11-11	2022-01-17
US9155718	No	2015-10-13	2022-01-17
US8263647	No	2012-09-11	2022-05-30
US7863287	No	2011-01-04	2027-02-28
US6251426	No	2001-06-26	2018-06-25
US6727286	No	2004-04-27	2021-11-27
US8735452	No	2014-05-27	2029-09-30
US9138404	No	2015-09-22	2029-09-30
US9114068	No	2015-08-25	2029-09-30
US8871810	No	2014-10-28	2029-09-30
US9012508	No	2015-04-21	2030-09-14
US9295639	No	2016-03-29	2029-09-30
US8067451	No	2011-11-29	2026-07-18
US8501228	No	2013-08-06	2026-07-18
US8318202	No	2012-11-27	2026-07-18
US8449910	No	2013-05-28	2026-07-18
US8309127	No	2012-11-13	2026-07-18
US8067033	No	2011-11-29	2026-07-18
US9649284	No	2017-05-16	2029-09-30
US9072710	No	2015-07-07	2032-03-16
US9072661	No	2015-07-07	2032-03-16
US10238640	No	2019-03-26	2024-05-25
US10532036	No	2020-01-14	2025-09-22
US11197830	No	2021-12-14	2039-02-27
US11534407	No	2019-02-27	2039-02-27
US11446266	No	2011-10-26	2031-10-26
US11806400	No	2012-03-16	2032-03-16
US11213498	No	2016-01-14	2036-01-14
US11389416	No	2015-07-17	2035-07-17

Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
melting point (°C)	75-77.5 ºC	U.S. Patent 3,228,831 U.S. Patent 3,385,886
boiling point (°C)	157 ºC	'AlfaAesar MSDS'
water solubility	21 mg/L (at 25 °C)	YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)
logP	3.97	AVDEEF,A (1997)
logS	-3.99	ADME Research, USCD
Caco2 permeability	-4.28	ADME Research, USCD
pKa	5.3	Bushra and Aslam. Oman Med. 25, 3. (2010)

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	0.0684 mg/mL	ALOGPS
logP	3.5	ALOGPS
logP	3.84	Chemaxon
logS	-3.5	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	4.85	Chemaxon
Physiological Charge	-1	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	2	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	1	Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area	37.3 Å2	Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count	4	Chemaxon
Refractivity	60.73 m3·mol-1	Chemaxon
Polarizability	23.76 Å3	Chemaxon
Number of Rings	1	Chemaxon
Bioavailability	1	Chemaxon
Rule of Five	Yes	Chemaxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	Chemaxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	Chemaxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	Chemaxon

Predicted ADMET Features

Property	Value	Probability
Human Intestinal Absorption	+	0.9927
Blood Brain Barrier	+	0.9619
Caco-2 permeable	+	0.8866
P-glycoprotein substrate	Non-substrate	0.759
P-glycoprotein inhibitor I	Non-inhibitor	0.9705
P-glycoprotein inhibitor II	Non-inhibitor	0.9323
Renal organic cation transporter	Non-inhibitor	0.9323
CYP450 2C9 substrate	Non-substrate	0.7594
CYP450 2D6 substrate	Non-substrate	0.9116
CYP450 3A4 substrate	Non-substrate	0.6877
CYP450 1A2 substrate	Non-inhibitor	0.9045
CYP450 2C9 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9305
CYP450 2D6 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9231
CYP450 2C19 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9881
CYP450 3A4 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9655
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity	Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity	0.9691
Ames test	Non AMES toxic	0.9894
Carcinogenicity	Carcinogens	0.5553
Biodegradation	Ready biodegradable	0.5142
Rat acute toxicity	2.3092 LD50, mol/kg	Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)	Weak inhibitor	0.9719
hERG inhibition (predictor II)	Non-inhibitor	0.9734

ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)

Download (11.4 KB)

Spectra

Spectrum	Spectrum Type	Splash Key
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (1 TMS)	GC-MS	splash10-02t9-1910000000-23f448d7be7d5cc35682
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (1 TMS)	GC-MS	splash10-02t9-1910000000-cbe52d63986b68a2cec0
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF (Pegasus III TOF-MS system, Leco; GC 6890, Agilent Technologies) (1 TMS)	GC-MS	splash10-00di-9300000000-cc259b7768023e4cdba8
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS	splash10-0296-3900000000-497aad6d6a3e7af1ac0a
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B	GC-MS	splash10-03di-3910000000-618880f8fd7b8ec3d473
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF	GC-MS	splash10-02t9-1910000000-23f448d7be7d5cc35682
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF	GC-MS	splash10-02t9-1910000000-cbe52d63986b68a2cec0
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF	GC-MS	splash10-00di-9300000000-cc259b7768023e4cdba8
Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)	MS	splash10-03xr-3900000000-e20ef3c30496e17720ba
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, N/A	LC-MS/MS	splash10-03di-0910000000-90bf6813134491c9fbfd
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, N/A	LC-MS/MS	splash10-001i-9800000000-56f599abc462380b648c
MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI RMU-6E) , Positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-03di-3910000000-618880f8fd7b8ec3d473
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-0497000000-fa397d6ffd29da116900
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0a4i-0690000000-f598b8bee69a6b62e817
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-03di-1900000000-f1b7a986fee133d97eb1
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-03di-0920000000-aa36b3244e32560bb9d5
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0a4i-1930000000-728a67daaea8ecb1b60a
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0a4i-0190000000-e8049d9759b81f0d56b0
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-05mo-5900000000-3c32234af86d6b3a2656
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-02ai-0900000000-e1c07c4d6d5219e98219
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0ldl-4900000000-7635978e2602fb36e1ce
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-014i-0900000000-b1bbd0cff6f4f6df9ebc
1H NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
1H NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
[1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum	2D NMR	Not Applicable

Chromatographic Properties

Collision Cross Sections (CCS)

Adduct	CCS Value (Å2)	Source type	Source
[M-H]-	161.798312	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-	145.04115	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+	148.78854	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+	157.5005	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Binding Properties

×

Property	Measurement	pH	Temperature (°C)	References
IC 50 (nM)	8000	N/A	N/A	A27774
IC 50 (nM)	100	N/A	N/A	A27777
IC 50 (nM)	30000	N/A	N/A	A29389 / A29390 / A29391
IC 50 (nM)	1030000	N/A	N/A	A27759
IC 50 (nM)	6200	N/A	N/A	A29388
IC 50 (nM)	1100	N/A	N/A	A28402 / A29236 / A28406 / A29392 / A28407 / A28413 / A27813 / A28423
IC 50 (nM)	80000	N/A	N/A	A27805 / A27812
IC 50 (nM)	1400	N/A	N/A	A27808
IC 50 (nM)	730	N/A	N/A	A29393
IC 50 (nM)	1350	N/A	N/A	A29394
IC 50 (nM)	36000	N/A	N/A	A29075
Ki (nM)	9900	N/A	N/A	A5629
Ki (nM)	7200	N/A	N/A	A27471
Ki (nM)	>10000	N/A	N/A	A27471 / A27790

Details

Binding Properties1. Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Yes

Actions

Inhibitor

General Function

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity

Specific Function

Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Constitutively expressed in some tissues in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and...

Gene Name

PTGS2

Uniprot ID

P35354

Uniprot Name

Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2

Molecular Weight

68995.625 Da

References

1. Chavez ML, DeKorte CJ: Valdecoxib: a review. Clin Ther. 2003 Mar;25(3):817-51. [Article]
2. Ouellet M, Falgueyret JP, Percival MD: Detergents profoundly affect inhibitor potencies against both cyclo-oxygenase isoforms. Biochem J. 2004 Feb 1;377(Pt 3):675-84. [Article]
3. Gallego-Sandin S, Novalbos J, Rosado A, Gisbert JP, Galvez-Mugica MA, Garcia AG, Pajares JM, Abad-Santos F: Effect of ibuprofen on cyclooxygenase and nitric oxide synthase of gastric mucosa: correlation with endoscopic lesions and adverse reactions. Dig Dis Sci. 2004 Sep;49(9):1538-44. [Article]
4. Murphey LJ, Williams MK, Sanchez SC, Byrne LM, Csiki I, Oates JA, Johnson DH, Morrow JD: Quantification of the major urinary metabolite of PGE2 by a liquid chromatographic/mass spectrometric assay: determination of cyclooxygenase-specific PGE2 synthesis in healthy humans and those with lung cancer. Anal Biochem. 2004 Nov 15;334(2):266-75. [Article]
5. Sanchez-Fidalgo S, Martin-Lacave I, Illanes M, Motilva V: Angiogenesis, cell proliferation and apoptosis in gastric ulcer healing. Effect of a selective cox-2 inhibitor. Eur J Pharmacol. 2004 Nov 28;505(1-3):187-94. [Article]
6. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]

Binding Properties

×

Property	Measurement	pH	Temperature (°C)	References
IC 50 (nM)	18000	N/A	N/A	A27759
IC 50 (nM)	6900	N/A	N/A	A29388

Details

Binding Properties2. Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Yes

Actions

Inhibitor

General Function

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity

Specific Function

Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Involved in the constitutive production of prostanoids in particular in the stomach and platelets. In gas...

Gene Name

PTGS1

Uniprot ID

P23219

Uniprot Name

Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1

Molecular Weight

68685.82 Da

References

1. Chavez ML, DeKorte CJ: Valdecoxib: a review. Clin Ther. 2003 Mar;25(3):817-51. [Article]
2. Patrignani P: Aspirin insensitive eicosanoid biosynthesis in cardiovascular disease. Thromb Res. 2003 Jun 15;110(5-6):281-6. [Article]
3. Gupta K, Kaub CJ, Carey KN, Casillas EG, Selinsky BS, Loll PJ: Manipulation of kinetic profiles in 2-aryl propionic acid cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2004 Feb 9;14(3):667-71. [Article]
4. Martic M, Tatic I, Markovic S, Kujundzic N, Kostrun S: Synthesis, biological activity and molecular modeling studies of novel COX-1 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem. 2004 Feb;39(2):141-51. [Article]
5. Hillarp A: [Acetylsalicylic acid resistance--clinical diagnosis with unclear mechanism]. Lakartidningen. 2004 Nov 4;101(45):3504-6, 3508-9. [Article]
6. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
7. Yu L, Shi D, Ma L, Zhou Q, Zeng S: Influence of CYP2C8 polymorphisms on the hydroxylation metabolism of paclitaxel, repaglinide and ibuprofen enantiomers in vitro. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2013 Jul;34(5):278-87. doi: 10.1002/bdd.1842. Epub 2013 Jun 3. [Article]

Details3. Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Modulator

General Function

Ubiquitin protein ligase binding

Specific Function

Suppresses apoptosis in a variety of cell systems including factor-dependent lymphohematopoietic and neural cells. Regulates cell death by controlling the mitochondrial membrane permeability. Appea...

Gene Name

BCL2

Uniprot ID

P10415

Uniprot Name

Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2

Molecular Weight

26265.66 Da

References

1. Palayoor ST, J-Aryankalayil M, Makinde AY, Cerna D, Falduto MT, Magnuson SR, Coleman CN: Gene expression profile of coronary artery cells treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reveals off-target effects. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2012 Jun;59(6):487-99. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e31824ba6b5. [Article]

Details4. Thrombomodulin

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Inducer

General Function

Transmembrane signaling receptor activity

Specific Function

Thrombomodulin is a specific endothelial cell receptor that forms a 1:1 stoichiometric complex with thrombin. This complex is responsible for the conversion of protein C to the activated protein C ...

Gene Name

THBD

Uniprot ID

P07204

Uniprot Name

Thrombomodulin

Molecular Weight

60328.72 Da

References

1. Palayoor ST, J-Aryankalayil M, Makinde AY, Cerna D, Falduto MT, Magnuson SR, Coleman CN: Gene expression profile of coronary artery cells treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reveals off-target effects. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2012 Jun;59(6):487-99. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e31824ba6b5. [Article]

Details5. Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Binder

General Function

Transporter activity

Specific Function

FABP are thought to play a role in the intracellular transport of long-chain fatty acids and their acyl-CoA esters. FABP2 is probably involved in triglyceride-rich lipoprotein synthesis. Binds satu...

Gene Name

FABP2

Uniprot ID

P12104

Uniprot Name

Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal

Molecular Weight

15207.165 Da

References

1. Velkov T, Chuang S, Wielens J, Sakellaris H, Charman WN, Porter CJ, Scanlon MJ: The interaction of lipophilic drugs with intestinal fatty acid-binding protein. J Biol Chem. 2005 May 6;280(18):17769-76. Epub 2005 Feb 18. [Article]

Details6. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Activator

General Function

Zinc ion binding

Specific Function

Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE...

Gene Name

PPARG

Uniprot ID

P37231

Uniprot Name

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma

Molecular Weight

57619.58 Da

References

1. Dill J, Patel AR, Yang XL, Bachoo R, Powell CM, Li S: A molecular mechanism for ibuprofen-mediated RhoA inhibition in neurons. J Neurosci. 2010 Jan 20;30(3):963-72. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5045-09.2010. [Article]

Details7. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Inhibitor

General Function

Pdz domain binding

Specific Function

Involved in the transport of chloride ions. May regulate bicarbonate secretion and salvage in epithelial cells by regulating the SLC4A7 transporter. Can inhibit the chloride channel activity of ANO...

Gene Name

CFTR

Uniprot ID

P13569

Uniprot Name

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator

Molecular Weight

168139.895 Da

References

1. Devor DC, Schultz BD: Ibuprofen inhibits cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-mediated Cl- secretion. J Clin Invest. 1998 Aug 15;102(4):679-87. [Article]

Details8. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Activator

General Function

Zinc ion binding

Specific Function

Ligand-activated transcription factor. Key regulator of lipid metabolism. Activated by the endogenous ligand 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (16:0/18:1-GPC). Activated by oleyleth...

Gene Name

PPARA

Uniprot ID

Q07869

Uniprot Name

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha

Molecular Weight

52224.595 Da

References

1. Lehmann JM, Lenhard JM, Oliver BB, Ringold GM, Kliewer SA: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma are activated by indomethacin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Biol Chem. 1997 Feb 7;272(6):3406-10. [Article]

Details9. Platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha chain

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Inducer

General Function

Thrombin receptor activity

Specific Function

GP-Ib, a surface membrane protein of platelets, participates in the formation of platelet plugs by binding to the A1 domain of vWF, which is already bound to the subendothelium.

Gene Name

GP1BA

Uniprot ID

P07359

Uniprot Name

Platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha chain

Molecular Weight

71539.265 Da

References

1. Palayoor ST, J-Aryankalayil M, Makinde AY, Cerna D, Falduto MT, Magnuson SR, Coleman CN: Gene expression profile of coronary artery cells treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reveals off-target effects. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2012 Jun;59(6):487-99. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e31824ba6b5. [Article]

Details10. Protein S100-A7

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

Actions

Inducer

General Function

Zinc ion binding

Specific Function

Not Available

Gene Name

S100A7

Uniprot ID

P31151

Uniprot Name

Protein S100-A7

Molecular Weight

11470.87 Da

References

1. Fujiwara R, Takenaka S, Hashimoto M, Narawa T, Itoh T: Expression of human solute carrier family transporters in skin: possible contributor to drug-induced skin disorders. Sci Rep. 2014 Jun 11;4:5251. doi: 10.1038/srep05251. [Article]

×

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Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at February 20, 2024 23:55