Identification
- Summary
Isoprenaline is a catecholamine non-selective beta-adrenergic agonist typically used to treat bradycardia and heart block.
- Brand Names
- Isuprel
- Generic Name
- Isoprenaline
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB01064
- Background
Isoprenaline is a non-selective beta adrenergic receptor agonist indicated to treat heart block, Adams-Stokes attacks, bronchospasm in anesthesia, cadiac arrest, hypovolemic shocks, septic shock, hypoperfusion, congestive hear failure, and cardiogenic shock.2,14
Isoprenaline research in the 1940s found that this isopropyl analog of epinephrine dilated the bronchi, as well as raising the heart rate and cardiac output, without vasoconstriction.11,12 The US patent from 1943 states that this compound had a wider therapeutic index and a stronger action than adrenaline.16
Isoprenaline was granted FDA approval on 19 February 1948.13
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational
- Structure
Structure for Isoprenaline (DB01064)
- Weight
- Average: 211.2576
Monoisotopic: 211.120843415 - Chemical Formula
- C11H17NO3
- Synonyms
- (±)-isoprenaline
- (±)-isoproterenol
- 1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(isopropylamino)ethanol
- 1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-isopropylaminoethanol
- 3,4-dihydroxy-α-[(isopropylamino)methyl]benzyl alcohol
- Isoprenalina
- Isoprenaline
- Isoprénaline
- Isoprenalinum
- Isopropyl noradrenaline
- Isoproterenol
- N-isopropyl-β-dihydroxyphenyl-β-hydroxyethylamine
- N-Isopropylnoradrenaline
- N-Isopropylnorepinephrine
- α-(isopropylaminomethyl)protocatechuyl alcohol
Pharmacology
- Indication
Isoprenaline is indicated to treat mild or transient episodes of heart block not requiring electric shock or pacemakers, serious episodes of heart block and Adams-Stokes attacks not caused by ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, and bronchospasm during anesthesia.14 Isoprenaline is also indicated for cases of cardiac arrest until preferable treatments like electric shock and pacemakers are available.14 Isoprenaline is also indicated as an adjunct therapy to fluid and electrolyte replacement therapy in hypovolemic shock, septic shock, hypoperfusion, congestive heart failure, and cardiogenic shock.14
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Treatment of Adams-stokes attacks •••••••••••• •••••••••• •••••••• Treatment of Adams-stokes attacks •••••••••••• •••••••••• •••••••• Treatment of Bradycardia ••• ••••• Treatment of Bradycardia ••• ••••• Treatment of Bronchospasm •••••••••••• •••••••••• •••••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
Isoprenaline is a non-selective beta adrenergic receptor agonist used in a number of indications for the heart, as well as bronchospasm in anesthesia.2,14 Isoprenaline has a short duration of action as it is rapidly cleared,8,7 and a wide therapeutic index.14 Patients should be counselled regarding the risks of isoprenaline in the treatment of cardiogenic shock following myocardial infarction, paradoxical worsening of heart block, or precipitation of Adams-Stokes attacks.14
- Mechanism of action
Isoprenaline is a non-selective beta adrenergic receptor agonist.2 Agonism of beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors causes the alpha subunit of G-protein coupled receptors to exchange GMP for GTP, activating them, and allowing the alpha subunit to dissociate from the beta and gamma subunits.1,4 Dissociation of the alpha subunit activates adenylate cyclase, converting ATP to cyclic AMP.1 Cyclic AMP activates protein kinase A (PKA), which phosphorylates cardiac L-type calcium channels such as Cav1.2.1,3,4 These channels depolarize cells by inward active transport of calcium ions.3,4
Agonism of beta-1 adrenergic receptors lead to increased strength of contractility, conduction of nerve impulses, speed of relaxation, and rate in the heart.1
Agonism of beta-2 adrenergic receptors leads to glycogenolysis in the liver,5 glucagon release from the pancreas, and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.1
In the alveoli, agonism of beta-2 adrenergic receptors, activates similar pathways to the heart, however the end result is regulation of sodium channels, the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), and sodium potassium ATPase.10 PKA phosphorylates scaffolding proteins and sodium channels, increasing the number of sodium channels on the apical side of alveolar cells and increasing active transport of sodium ions into cells.10 Agonism of beta-2 adrenergic receptors can also increase chloride ion transport across CFTR.10 Together, these actions lead to passive transport of water out of the alveoli, and the clearance of alveolar fluid.10
Target Actions Organism ABeta-1 adrenergic receptor agonistHumans ABeta-2 adrenergic receptor agonistbinderHumans ABeta-3 adrenergic receptor agonistHumans USuperoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] stabilizationHumans - Absorption
Data regarding absorption kinetics of isoprenaline are not readily available.8,7
- Volume of distribution
In pediatric patients, the volume of distribution was 216 ± 57 mL/kg.7
- Protein binding
Isoprenaline is 68.8 ± 1.2% protein bound in plasma, mainly to serum albumin.9
- Metabolism
Isoprenaline is predominantly metabolized to glucuronide conjugates.6 Isoprenaline can also be O-methylated by catechol O-methyltransferase to the metabolite 3-O-methylisoprenaline, which can also be further glucuronidated.6
Hover over products below to view reaction partners
- Route of elimination
Isoprenaline is 12.2-27.0% recovered in the feces and 59.1-106.8% recovered in the urine after 48 hours.6 The majority of the recovered dose in the urine is conjugated isoprenaline, with 6.5-16.2% free isoprenaline, and 2.6-11.4% 3-O-methylisoprenaline and conjugates.6
- Half-life
The half life of intravenous isoprenaline is 2.5-5 minutes.1 Oral isoprenaline has a half life of 40 minutes.6
- Clearance
In pediatric patients, the clearance of isoprenaline was 42.5 ± 5.0 mL/kg/min.7
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Patients experiencing an overdose may present with tachycardia, arrhythmias, palpitations, angina, hypotension, or hypertension.14 Overdose should be treated by reducing or stopping administration of isoprenaline and monitoring blood pressure, pulse, respiration, and ECG.14
In rats, the LD50 is 2221 mg/kg orally, 128 mg/kg intraperitoneally, and 600 mg/kg subcutaneously.15 In mice, the LD50 is 1260 orally and 450 mg/kg intraperitoneally.15
- Pathways
Pathway Category Isoprenaline Action Pathway Drug action - Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs Browse all" title="About SNP Mediated Effects/ADRs" id="snp-actions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions Learn More" title="About Drug Interactions" id="structured-interactions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAcebutolol The therapeutic efficacy of Isoprenaline can be decreased when used in combination with Acebutolol. Aceclofenac The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Isoprenaline is combined with Aceclofenac. Acemetacin The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Isoprenaline is combined with Acemetacin. Acetylcholine The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Isoprenaline is combined with Acetylcholine. Acetylsalicylic acid The risk or severity of hypertension can be increased when Acetylsalicylic acid is combined with Isoprenaline. - Food Interactions
- No interactions found.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key Isoprenaline hydrochloride DIA2A74855 51-30-9 IROWCYIEJAOFOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoproterenol sulfate 925FX3X776 6078-56-4 CUQPTVCVZLUXJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N - International/Other Brands
- Proternol L (Kowa Souyaku) / Saventrine (Pharmax)
- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Isoproterenol HCl Inj 1:5000 Liquid .2 mg / mL Intravenous International Medication Systems, Limited 1977-12-31 1997-08-15 Canada 
Isoproterenol Hydrochloride Injection USP Solution 1 mg / 5 mL Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous Marcan Pharmaceuticals Inc 2021-01-06 Not applicable Canada Isoproterenol Hydrochloride Injection USP Solution 0.2 mg / mL Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous Marcan Pharmaceuticals Inc 2020-12-11 Not applicable Canada Isoproterenol Hydrochloride Injection USP Solution 0.2 mg / mL Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous Sandoz Canada Incorporated 1991-12-31 Not applicable Canada Isoproterenol Hydrochloride Injection USP Solution 0.2 mg / mL Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous Omega Laboratories Ltd Not applicable Not applicable Canada - Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Isoproterenol Injection, solution 0.2 mg/1mL Intracardiac; Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous Cipla USA Inc. 2018-06-26 Not applicable US 
Isoproterenol Injection, solution 1 mg/5mL Intracardiac; Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous Cipla USA Inc. 2018-06-26 Not applicable US Isoproterenol Hydrochloride Injection, solution 1 mg/5mL Intracardiac; Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous AuroMedics Pharma LLC 2021-02-09 Not applicable US Isoproterenol Hydrochloride Injection, solution 1 mg/5mL Intravenous Amneal Pharmaceuticals LLC 2018-10-22 Not applicable US Isoproterenol Hydrochloride Injection, solution 0.2 mg/1mL Intracardiac; Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous Amphastar Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2018-07-16 Not applicable US - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Duo-Medihaler Isoprenaline hydrochloride (0.16 ug/1) + Phenylephrine bitartrate (0.24 ug/1) Aerosol, metered Respiratory (inhalation) 3M Company 1962-08-25 2006-12-29 US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- C01CA02 — Isoprenaline
- C01CA — Adrenergic and dopaminergic agents
- C01C — CARDIAC STIMULANTS EXCL. CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES
- C01 — CARDIAC THERAPY
- C — CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- R03AK — Adrenergics in combination with corticosteroids or other drugs, excl. anticholinergics
- R03A — ADRENERGICS, INHALANTS
- R03 — DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES
- R — RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- R03AB — Non-selective beta-adrenoreceptor agonists
- R03A — ADRENERGICS, INHALANTS
- R03 — DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES
- R — RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- R03CB — Non-selective beta-adrenoreceptor agonists
- R03C — ADRENERGICS FOR SYSTEMIC USE
- R03 — DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES
- R — RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- Drug Categories
- Adrenergic Agents
- Adrenergic Agonists
- Adrenergic and Dopaminergic Agents
- Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists
- Adrenergic beta-Agonists
- Adrenergics for Systemic Use
- Adrenergics, Inhalants
- Agents producing tachycardia
- Agents that produce hypertension
- Alcohols
- Amines
- Amino Alcohols
- Anti-Asthmatic Agents
- Autonomic Agents
- Benzene Derivatives
- Bronchodilator Agents
- Cardiac Stimulants Excl. Cardiac Glycosides
- Cardiac Therapy
- Cardiotonic Agents
- Cardiovascular Agents
- Catecholamines
- Catechols
- Cholinesterase Inhibitors
- Compounds used in a research, industrial, or household setting
- COMT Substrates
- Drugs for Obstructive Airway Diseases
- Ethanolamines
- Neurotransmitter Agents
- Non-selective Beta-adrenergic Agonists
- Peripheral Nervous System Agents
- Phenols
- Protective Agents
- Respiratory System Agents
- Sympathomimetics
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as catechols. These are compounds containing a 1,2-benzenediol moiety.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Benzenoids
- Class
- Phenols
- Sub Class
- Benzenediols
- Direct Parent
- Catechols
- Alternative Parents
- Aralkylamines / 1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoids / 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Secondary alcohols / 1,2-aminoalcohols / Dialkylamines / Organopnictogen compounds / Hydrocarbon derivatives / Aromatic alcohols
- Substituents
- 1,2-aminoalcohol / 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoid / 1-hydroxy-4-unsubstituted benzenoid / Alcohol / Amine / Aralkylamine / Aromatic alcohol / Aromatic homomonocyclic compound / Catechol / Hydrocarbon derivative
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- secondary alcohol, catechols, secondary amino compound (CHEBI:64317)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- L628TT009W
- CAS number
- 7683-59-2
- InChI Key
- JWZZKOKVBUJMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C11H17NO3/c1-7(2)12-6-11(15)8-3-4-9(13)10(14)5-8/h3-5,7,11-15H,6H2,1-2H3
- IUPAC Name
- 4-{1-hydroxy-2-[(propan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzene-1,2-diol
- SMILES
- CC(C)NCC(O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C=C1
References
- Synthesis Reference
U.S. Patent 2,308,232. U.S. Patent 2,715,141.
- General References
- Szymanski MW, Singh DP: Isoproterenol . [Article]
- Baker JG: The selectivity of beta-adrenoceptor agonists at human beta1-, beta2- and beta3-adrenoceptors. Br J Pharmacol. 2010 Jul;160(5):1048-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00754.x. [Article]
- Striessnig J, Pinggera A, Kaur G, Bock G, Tuluc P: L-type Ca(2+) channels in heart and brain. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Membr Transp Signal. 2014 Mar 1;3(2):15-38. doi: 10.1002/wmts.102. [Article]
- Harvey RD, Hell JW: CaV1.2 signaling complexes in the heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2013 May;58:143-52. doi: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2012.12.006. Epub 2012 Dec 22. [Article]
- Authors unspecified: Beta-2 Adrenergic Agonists . [Article]
- Conolly ME, Davies DS, Dollery CT, Morgan CD, Paterson JW, Sandler M: Metabolism of isoprenaline in dog and man. Br J Pharmacol. 1972 Nov;46(3):458-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1972.tb08143.x. [Article]
- Reyes G, Schwartz PH, Newth CJ, Eldadah MK: The pharmacokinetics of isoproterenol in critically ill pediatric patients. J Clin Pharmacol. 1993 Jan;33(1):29-34. doi: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1993.tb03899.x. [Article]
- Goldstein DS, Horwitz D, Keiser HR, Polinsky RJ, Kopin IJ: Plasma l-[3H]norepinephrine, d-[14C]norepinephrine, and d,l-[3H]isoproterenol kinetics in essential hypertension. J Clin Invest. 1983 Nov;72(5):1748-58. doi: 10.1172/JCI111134. [Article]
- Kelly JG, McDevitt DG: Plasma protein binding of propranolol and isoprenaline in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1978 Aug;6(2):123-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1978.tb00836.x. [Article]
- Mutlu GM, Factor P: Alveolar epithelial beta2-adrenergic receptors. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2008 Feb;38(2):127-34. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2007-0198TR. Epub 2007 Aug 20. [Article]
- SEGAL MS, BEAKEY JF: The use of isuprel for the management of bronchial asthma. Bull New Engl Med Cent. 1947 Apr;9(2):62-7. [Article]
- BARCROFT H, KONZETT H: On the actions of noradrenaline, adrenaline and isopropyl noradrenaline on the arterial blood pressure, heart rate and muscle blood flow in man. J Physiol. 1949 Dec 15;110(1-2):194-204. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1949.sp004431. [Article]
- FDA Approved Drugs Products: Isuprel (Isoprenaline) Sublingual and Rectal Tablets (Discontinued) [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Isuprel (Isoprenaline) Intravenous, Intramuscular, Subcutaneous, and Intracardiac Injection [Link]
- Cayman Chemical: Isoproterenol MSDS [Link]
- US Patent: US2308232A [Link]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0015197
- KEGG Compound
- C07056
- PubChem Compound
- 3779
- PubChem Substance
- 46507323
- ChemSpider
- 3647
- BindingDB
- 25392
- 6054
- ChEBI
- 64317
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL434
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DNC000819
- PharmGKB
- PA450121
- Guide to Pharmacology
- GtP Drug Page
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Isoprenaline
- FDA label
- Download (314 KB)
- MSDS
- Download (73.3 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Recruiting Basic Science Vasoconstriction / Vasodilation 1 4 Recruiting Treatment Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 1 2 Completed Treatment Atrial Fibrillation 1 2 Unknown Status Treatment Kidney Stones / Ureteroscopy 1 2, 3 Completed Treatment Benignant Tumour Mass in the Upper Urinary Tract / Kidney Stones / Unexplained Haematuria 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Amend
- Baxter International Inc.
- ESI Lederle
- Hospira Inc.
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Tablet Sublingual 10 mg Aerosol, metered Respiratory (inhalation) Injection, solution 0.2 mg/ml Injection, solution 1 mg/5ml Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous 1 MG/5ML Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous 0.2 mg/ml Injection, solution Injection, solution Intracardiac; Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous 1 mg/5mL Liquid Intravenous .2 mg / mL Injection Intracardiac; Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous 0.2 mg/1mL Injection Intravenous 0.2 mg/1mL Injection, solution Intramuscular; Intravenous 0.2 mg/1mL Injection, solution Intravenous 0.2 mg/1mL Injection, solution Intravenous 1 mg/5mL Solution Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous 0.2 mg / mL Solution Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous 1 mg / 5 mL Solution Intramuscular 0.2 mg Solution Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous 0.2 mg Solution Intravenous 0.2 mg Injection, solution Intracardiac; Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous 0.2 mg/1mL Liquid Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous .2 mg / mL Liquid Intracardiac; Intramuscular; Intravenous; Subcutaneous .2 mg / mL Liquid Respiratory (inhalation) .5 % Aerosol, metered Respiratory (inhalation) 125 mcg / act Aerosol, metered Respiratory (inhalation) 0.25 % Aerosol Respiratory (inhalation) 0.08 ug/1 - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Isuprel 0.2 mg/ml ampul 17.63USD ml Isoproterenol sulfate cryst 2.86USD g Isoproterenol 0.2 mg/ml amp 0.73USD ml DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 180 U.S. Patent 2,308,232. U.S. Patent 2,715,141. - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 5.86 mg/mL ALOGPS logP -0.27 ALOGPS logP 0.24 Chemaxon logS -1.6 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 9.81 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 8.96 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 1 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 4 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 4 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 72.72 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 4 Chemaxon Refractivity 58.4 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 23.04 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 1 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter Yes Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9936 Blood Brain Barrier - 0.9705 Caco-2 permeable - 0.6775 P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.5776 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.9039 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.9709 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.8983 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.7778 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.6679 CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.6939 CYP450 1A2 substrate Inhibitor 0.6221 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9558 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9231 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9484 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9556 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.9318 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.9133 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.9182 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.8925 Rat acute toxicity 2.7434 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9576 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.8045
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS Predicted GC-MS splash10-05gr-9700000000-1d8ddbb3b9ecf4bd4e41 Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-03di-3980000000-ddd551bafe6bebaa3dbb Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-03di-0290000000-f94eb0501645a011f79c Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-11b9-6900000000-74f5592db4a635882195 Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-00di-1900000000-122aeeaedd7e675c763a Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-052r-7900000000-3507614f4b56cf05e7ba Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated) Predicted LC-MS/MS splash10-0pdu-3900000000-aee0d4ac65b687d09a14 Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum 1D NMR Not Applicable Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum 1D NMR Not Applicable - Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 158.6044484 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 148.85939 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 159.4241484 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 151.21739 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 158.8220484 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 157.55841 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock newinsights and accelerate drug research.
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Agonist
- General Function
- Receptor signaling protein activity
- Specific Function
- Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. This receptor binds epinephrine and norepinephrine with approximately e...
- Gene Name
- ADRB1
- Uniprot ID
- P08588
- Uniprot Name
- Beta-1 adrenergic receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 51322.1 Da
References
- Sato M, Gong H, Terracciano CM, Ranu H, Harding SE: Loss of beta-adrenoceptor response in myocytes overexpressing the Na+/Ca(2+)-exchanger. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2004 Jan;36(1):43-8. [Article]
- Jurgens CW, Rau KE, Knudson CA, King JD, Carr PA, Porter JE, Doze VA: Beta1 adrenergic receptor-mediated enhancement of hippocampal CA3 network activity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2005 Aug;314(2):552-60. Epub 2005 May 20. [Article]
- Kobayashi H, Narita Y, Nishida M, Kurose H: Beta-arrestin2 enhances beta2-adrenergic receptor-mediated nuclear translocation of ERK. Cell Signal. 2005 Oct;17(10):1248-53. Epub 2005 Feb 12. [Article]
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
- Ahlquist RP: Present state of alpha- and beta-adrenergic drugs I. The adrenergic receptor. Am Heart J. 1976 Nov;92(5):661-4. [Article]
- Szymanski MW, Singh DP: Isoproterenol . [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- AgonistBinder
- General Function
- Protein homodimerization activity
- Specific Function
- Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The beta-2-adrenergic receptor binds epinephrine with an approximately ...
- Gene Name
- ADRB2
- Uniprot ID
- P07550
- Uniprot Name
- Beta-2 adrenergic receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 46458.32 Da
References
- Abraham G, Kottke C, Dhein S, Ungemach FR: Pharmacological and biochemical characterization of the beta-adrenergic signal transduction pathway in different segments of the respiratory tract. Biochem Pharmacol. 2003 Sep 15;66(6):1067-81. [Article]
- Jones SM, Hiller FC, Jacobi SE, Foreman SK, Pittman LM, Cornett LE: Enhanced beta2-adrenergic receptor (beta2AR) signaling by adeno-associated viral (AAV)-mediated gene transfer. BMC Pharmacol. 2003 Dec 4;3:15. [Article]
- Teixeira CE, Baracat JS, Zanesco A, Antunes E, De Nucci G: Atypical beta-adrenoceptor subtypes mediate relaxations of rabbit corpus cavernosum. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2004 May;309(2):587-93. Epub 2004 Jan 29. [Article]
- Odley A, Hahn HS, Lynch RA, Marreez Y, Osinska H, Robbins J, Dorn GW 2nd: Regulation of cardiac contractility by Rab4-modulated beta2-adrenergic receptor recycling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 May 4;101(18):7082-7. Epub 2004 Apr 22. [Article]
- Uezono Y, Kaibara M, Murasaki O, Taniyama K: Involvement of G protein betagamma-subunits in diverse signaling induced by G(i/o)-coupled receptors: study using the Xenopus oocyte expression system. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2004 Oct;287(4):C885-94. Epub 2004 May 19. [Article]
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
- Ahlquist RP: Present state of alpha- and beta-adrenergic drugs I. The adrenergic receptor. Am Heart J. 1976 Nov;92(5):661-4. [Article]
- Szymanski MW, Singh DP: Isoproterenol . [Article]
- Hardin AO, Lima JJ: Beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist-induced down-regulation after short-term exposure. J Recept Signal Transduct Res. 1999 Sep;19(5):835-52. doi: 10.3109/10799899909042876. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Agonist
- General Function
- Protein homodimerization activity
- Specific Function
- Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. Beta-3 is involved in the regulation of lipolysis and thermogenesis.
- Gene Name
- ADRB3
- Uniprot ID
- P13945
- Uniprot Name
- Beta-3 adrenergic receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 43518.615 Da
References
- Ahlquist RP: Present state of alpha- and beta-adrenergic drugs I. The adrenergic receptor. Am Heart J. 1976 Nov;92(5):661-4. [Article]
- Schiffelers SL, Blaak EE, Saris WH, van Baak MA: In vivo beta3-adrenergic stimulation of human thermogenesis and lipid use. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2000 May;67(5):558-66. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Stabilization
- General Function
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function
- Destroys radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems.
- Gene Name
- SOD1
- Uniprot ID
- P00441
- Uniprot Name
- Superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]
- Molecular Weight
- 15935.685 Da
References
- Wright GS, Antonyuk SV, Kershaw NM, Strange RW, Samar Hasnain S: Ligand binding and aggregation of pathogenic SOD1. Nat Commun. 2013;4:1758. doi: 10.1038/ncomms2750. [Article]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- InhibitorInducer
- General Function
- Vitamin d 24-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP1A1
- Uniprot ID
- P04798
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 1A1
- Molecular Weight
- 58164.815 Da
References
- Konstandi M, Kostakis D, Harkitis P, Marselos M, Johnson EO, Adamidis K, Lang MA: Role of adrenoceptor-linked signaling pathways in the regulation of CYP1A1 gene expression. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Jan 15;69(2):277-87. [Article]
- Althurwi HN, Tse MM, Abdelhamid G, Zordoky BN, Hammock BD, El-Kadi AO: Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor, TUPS, protects against isoprenaline-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Br J Pharmacol. 2013 Apr;168(8):1794-807. doi: 10.1111/bph.12066. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inducer
- General Function
- Oxygen binding
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP1B1
- Uniprot ID
- Q16678
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 1B1
- Molecular Weight
- 60845.33 Da
References
- Althurwi HN, Tse MM, Abdelhamid G, Zordoky BN, Hammock BD, El-Kadi AO: Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor, TUPS, protects against isoprenaline-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Br J Pharmacol. 2013 Apr;168(8):1794-807. doi: 10.1111/bph.12066. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- O-methyltransferase activity
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the O-methylation, and thereby the inactivation, of catecholamine neurotransmitters and catechol hormones. Also shortens the biological half-lives of certain neuroactive drugs, like L-DOP...
- Gene Name
- COMT
- Uniprot ID
- P21964
- Uniprot Name
- Catechol O-methyltransferase
- Molecular Weight
- 30036.77 Da
References
- Conolly ME, Davies DS, Dollery CT, Morgan CD, Paterson JW, Sandler M: Metabolism of isoprenaline in dog and man. Br J Pharmacol. 1972 Nov;46(3):458-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1972.tb08143.x. [Article]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Isuprel (Isoprenaline) Intravenous, Intramuscular, Subcutaneous, and Intracardiac Injection [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Identical protein binding
- Specific Function
- Esterase with broad substrate specificity. Contributes to the inactivation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Can degrade neurotoxic organophosphate esters.
- Gene Name
- BCHE
- Uniprot ID
- P06276
- Uniprot Name
- Cholinesterase
- Molecular Weight
- 68417.575 Da
References
- Bosak A, Gazic Smilovic I, Sinko G, Vinkovic V, Kovarik Z: Metaproterenol, isoproterenol, and their bisdimethylcarbamate derivatives as human cholinesterase inhibitors. J Med Chem. 2012 Aug 9;55(15):6716-23. doi: 10.1021/jm300289k. Epub 2012 Jul 27. [Article]
Carriers
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Toxic substance binding
- Specific Function
- Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloid...
- Gene Name
- ALB
- Uniprot ID
- P02768
- Uniprot Name
- Serum albumin
- Molecular Weight
- 69365.94 Da
References
- Kelly JG, McDevitt DG: Plasma protein binding of propranolol and isoprenaline in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1978 Aug;6(2):123-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1978.tb00836.x. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at February 20, 2024 23:54