NAV

Amrinone

Identification

Summary

Amrinone is a positive inotropic agent and phosphodiesterase inhibitor used in the management of treatment of congestive heart failure.

Generic Name
Amrinone
DrugBank Accession Number
DB01427
Background

Amrinone (or inamrinone) is a type 3 pyridine phosphodiesterase inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Approved
Structure
3D
Similar Structures
Weight
Average: 187.198
Monoisotopic: 187.074561925
Chemical Formula
C10H9N3O
Synonyms
  • Amrinona
  • Amrinone
  • Amrinonum
  • Inamrinone
External IDs
  • C01CE01
  • WIN 40680
  • WIN-40680
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Pharmacology

Indication

Used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.

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Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Pharmacodynamics

Amrinone is a positive inotropic cardiotonic with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell.

Mechanism of action

Amrinone is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor (PDE3), resulting in increased cAMP and cGMP which leads to an increase in the calcium influx like that caused by beta-agonists resulting in increased inotropic effect.

TargetActionsOrganism
AcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4)
inhibitor
Humans
AcAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 3
inhibitor
Humans
AcGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A
inhibitor
Humans
UcGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B
inhibitor
Humans
UTumor necrosis factor
inhibitor
Humans
Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution
  • 1.2 L/kg [normal volunteers]
Protein binding

10 to 49%

Metabolism

Hepatic.

Route of elimination

The primary route of excretion in man is via the urine as both inamrinone and several metabolites (N-glycolyl, N-acetate, O-glucuronide and N-glucuronide).

Half-life

5 to 8 hours

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways
Not Available
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs Browse all" title="About SNP Mediated Effects/ADRs" id="snp-actions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions Learn More" title="About Drug Interactions" id="structured-interactions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
DrugInteraction
Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your software
AbacavirAbacavir may decrease the excretion rate of Amrinone which could result in a higher serum level.
AceclofenacAceclofenac may decrease the excretion rate of Amrinone which could result in a higher serum level.
AcemetacinAcemetacin may decrease the excretion rate of Amrinone which could result in a higher serum level.
AcetaminophenAcetaminophen may decrease the excretion rate of Amrinone which could result in a higher serum level.
AcetazolamideAcetazolamide may increase the excretion rate of Amrinone which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy.
Food Interactions
Not Available

Products

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Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Amrinone lactateI229274Y5B75898-90-7DOSIONJFGDSKCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
International/Other Brands
Amcoral / Inocor
Brand Name Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
Inocor Liq 5mg/mlLiquid5 mg / mLIntravenousSanofi1984-12-312000-07-24Canada flag
Generic Prescription Products
NameDosageStrengthRouteLabellerMarketing StartMarketing EndRegionImage
InamrinoneInjection5 mg/1mLIntravenousBedford Pharmaceuticals2000-07-012009-10-31US flag

Categories

ATC Codes
C01CE01 — Amrinone
Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as bipyridines and oligopyridines. These are organic compounds containing two pyridine rings linked to each other.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Organoheterocyclic compounds
Class
Pyridines and derivatives
Sub Class
Bipyridines and oligopyridines
Direct Parent
Bipyridines and oligopyridines
Alternative Parents
Pyridinones / Dihydropyridines / Aminopyridines and derivatives / Heteroaromatic compounds / Lactams / Azacyclic compounds / Primary amines / Organopnictogen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Organic oxides
show 1 more
Substituents
Amine / Aminopyridine / Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound / Azacycle / Bipyridine / Dihydropyridine / Heteroaromatic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Hydropyridine / Lactam
show 8 more
Molecular Framework
Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
External Descriptors
Not Available
Affected organisms
  • Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
JUT23379TN
CAS number
60719-84-8
InChI Key
RNLQIBCLLYYYFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C10H9N3O/c11-9-5-8(6-13-10(9)14)7-1-3-12-4-2-7/h1-6H,11H2,(H,13,14)
IUPAC Name
5-amino-1,6-dihydro-[3,4'-bipyridin]-6-one
SMILES
NC1=CC(=CNC1=O)C1=CC=NC=C1

References

Synthesis Reference

Lesher,G.Y. and Opalka, C.J.; US. Patent 4,004,012; January 18,1977; assigned to Sterling Drug Inc. Lesher, G.Y. and Opalka, C.J.; U.S. Patent 4,107,315; August 15,1978; assigned to Sterling Drug Inc.

General References
Not Available
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0015496
KEGG Drug
D00231
KEGG Compound
C13594
PubChem Compound
3698
PubChem Substance
46504647
ChemSpider
3570
BindingDB
34651
RxNav
738
ChEBI
2686
ChEMBL
CHEMBL12856
ZINC
ZINC000008673078
Therapeutic Targets Database
DAP001392
PharmGKB
PA164746803
Wikipedia
Amrinone

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
  • Bedford Labs
  • Ben Venue Laboratories Inc.
  • Taylor Pharmaceuticals
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
InjectionIntravenous5 mg/1mL
Injection, solutionIntravenous
LiquidIntravenous5 mg / mL
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)294-297Lesher,G.Y. and Opalka, C.J.; US. Patent 4,004,012; January 18,1977; assigned to Sterling Drug Inc. Lesher, G.Y. and Opalka, C.J.; U.S. Patent 4,107,315; August 15,1978; assigned to Sterling Drug Inc.
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility5.6 mg/mLALOGPS
logP0.27ALOGPS
logP-0.57Chemaxon
logS-1.5ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)11.01Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)4.87Chemaxon
Physiological Charge0Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count3Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count2Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area68.01 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count1Chemaxon
Refractivity53.89 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability18.94 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings2Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleNoChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.9522
Blood Brain Barrier+0.9525
Caco-2 permeable+0.8867
P-glycoprotein substrateNon-substrate0.6469
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.9338
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.9946
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.9258
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.8642
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.8389
CYP450 3A4 substrateNon-substrate0.6443
CYP450 1A2 substrateInhibitor0.9107
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorInhibitor0.5328
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9651
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorInhibitor0.8994
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.6534
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityHigh CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.5933
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.8492
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.9116
BiodegradationNot ready biodegradable1.0
Rat acute toxicity2.9371 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9923
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.7418
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-000i-0900000000-5d2b7ed5ce7a5b2d1b2a
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-00lr-3900000000-f6b4ee8cb119f30be206
MS/MS Spectrum - , positiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-00lr-3900000000-f6b4ee8cb119f30be206
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-0900000000-6a0b51dd98acbce119c5
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-0900000000-b3ec344112e79ad65819
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-0900000000-752a1cd39f9b67b9756c
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0kbr-0900000000-cce554852e43e2cb0d14
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0v03-4900000000-064765dea289cf95bb20
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0udi-1900000000-558af926ca94d95789e9
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-145.7569026
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-145.7780026
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-145.9189026
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-143.79767
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+146.6500026
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+146.8094026
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+146.8416026
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+146.19325
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+146.2316026
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+146.2535026
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+153.30559
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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insights and accelerate drug research.
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Details1. cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) (Protein Group)
Kind
Protein group
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Metal ion binding
Specific Function
Hydrolyzes the second messenger cAMP, which is a key regulator of many important physiological processes.
Components:
NameUniProt ID
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4AP27815
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4BQ07343
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4CQ08493
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4DQ08499
References
  1. Abdollahi M, Chan TS, Subrahmanyam V, O'Brien PJ: Effects of phosphodiesterase 3,4,5 inhibitors on hepatocyte cAMP levels, glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis and susceptibility to a mitochondrial toxin. Mol Cell Biochem. 2003 Oct;252(1-2):205-11. doi: 10.1023/a:1025568714217. [Article]
2. cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 3
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
References
  1. Abdollahi M, Chan TS, Subrahmanyam V, O'Brien PJ: Effects of phosphodiesterase 3,4,5 inhibitors on hepatocyte cAMP levels, glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis and susceptibility to a mitochondrial toxin. Mol Cell Biochem. 2003 Oct;252(1-2):205-11. doi: 10.1023/a:1025568714217. [Article]
Details3. cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Yes
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Metal ion binding
Specific Function
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase with a dual-specificity for the second messengers cAMP and cGMP, which are key regulators of many important physiological processes.
Gene Name
PDE3A
Uniprot ID
Q14432
Uniprot Name
cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A
Molecular Weight
124978.06 Da
References
  1. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]
  2. Kobayashi T, Sugawara Y, Ohkubo T, Imamura H, Makuuchi M: Effects of amrinone on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. J Hepatol. 2002 Jul;37(1):31-8. [Article]
  3. Ko Y, Morita K, Nagahori R, Kinouchi K, Shinohara G, Kagawa H, Hashimoto K: Myocardial cyclic AMP augmentation with high-dose PDEIII inhibitor in terminal warm blood cardioplegia. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2009 Oct;15(5):311-7. [Article]
  4. Kucuk C, Akcan A, Akyyldyz H, Akgun H, Muhtaroglu S, Sozuer E: Effects of amrinone in an experimental model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. J Surg Res. 2009 Jan;151(1):74-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2008.02.008. Epub 2008 Mar 13. [Article]
Details4. cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Protein kinase b binding
Specific Function
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase with a dual-specificity for the second messengers cAMP and cGMP, which are key regulators of many important physiological processes. May play a role in fat metab...
Gene Name
PDE3B
Uniprot ID
Q13370
Uniprot Name
cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B
Molecular Weight
124332.145 Da
References
  1. Rao YJ, Xi L: Pivotal effects of phosphodiesterase inhibitors on myocyte contractility and viability in normal and ischemic hearts. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2009 Jan;30(1):1-24. doi: 10.1038/aps.2008.1. Epub 2008 Dec 8. [Article]
  2. Yan C, Miller CL, Abe J: Regulation of phosphodiesterase 3 and inducible cAMP early repressor in the heart. Circ Res. 2007 Mar 2;100(4):489-501. doi: 10.1161/01.RES.0000258451.44949.d7. [Article]
  3. Zywert A, Szkudelska K, Szkudelski T: Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 3B in insulin-secreting cells of normal and streptozocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats: implications for insulin secretion. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2014 Jun;65(3):425-33. [Article]
Details5. Tumor necrosis factor
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Inhibitor
General Function
Tumor necrosis factor receptor binding
Specific Function
Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct ac...
Gene Name
TNF
Uniprot ID
P01375
Uniprot Name
Tumor necrosis factor
Molecular Weight
25644.15 Da
References
  1. Kumar A, Kosuri R, Kandula P, Dimou C, Allen J, Parrillo JE: Effects of epinephrine and amrinone on contractility and cyclic adenosine monophosphate generation of tumor necrosis factor alpha-exposed cardiac myocytes. Crit Care Med. 1999 Feb;27(2):286-92. [Article]
  2. Bergman MR, Kao RH, McCune SA, Holycross BJ: Myocardial tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion in hypertensive and heart failure-prone rats. Am J Physiol. 1999 Aug;277(2 Pt 2):H543-50. [Article]
  3. Haddad JJ, Land SC, Tarnow-Mordi WO, Zembala M, Kowalczyk D, Lauterbach R: Immunopharmacological potential of selective phosphodiesterase inhibition. I. Differential regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) biosynthesis in alveolar epithelial cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Feb;300(2):559-66. [Article]
  4. Marx D, Tassabehji M, Heer S, Huttenbrink KB, Szelenyi I: Modulation of TNF and GM-CSF release from dispersed human nasal polyp cells and human whole blood by inhibitors of different PDE isoenzymes and glucocorticoids. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2002;15(1):7-15. [Article]
  5. Giroir BP, Beutler B: Effect of amrinone on tumor necrosis factor production in endotoxic shock. Circ Shock. 1992 Mar;36(3):200-7. [Article]

Drug created at July 24, 2007 12:34 / Updated at February 02, 2024 22:53