Identification
- Summary
Antipyrine is an antipyretic agent used for the symptomatic treatment of acute otitis media, most commonly in combination with benzocaine.
- Generic Name
- Antipyrine
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB01435
- Background
An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29)
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational
- Structure
Structure for Antipyrine (DB01435)
- Weight
- Average: 188.2258
Monoisotopic: 188.094963016 - Chemical Formula
- C11H12N2O
- Synonyms
- 1,2-Dihydro-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-3H-pyrazol-3-one
- 2,3-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-5-pyrazolone
- Analgesine
- Antipyrine
- Fenazon
- Fenazona
- Phenazon
- Phenazone
Pharmacology
- Indication
Antipyrine is an analgesic often used to test effects of other drugs on liver enzymes.
In combination with benzocaine in otic solutions, antipyrine is indicated for the symptomatic relief of acute otitis media arising from various etiologies.
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Treatment of Coughing •••••••••••• •••••• Treatment of Coughing •••••••••••• •••••• Used in combination for symptomatic treatment of Otitis media (om) Combination Product in combination with: Lidocaine (DB00281) •••••••••••• •••••••• - Associated Therapies
- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
Antipyrine is an analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29)
- Mechanism of action
Antipyrine is thought to act primarily in the CNS, increasing the pain threshold by inhibiting both isoforms of cyclooxygenase, COX-1, COX-2, and COX-3 enzymes involved in prostaglandin (PG) synthesis.
Target Actions Organism UProstaglandin G/H synthase 2 inhibitorHumans UProstaglandin G/H synthase 1 inhibitorHumans - Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
Hover over products below to view reaction partners
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
Pathway Category Antipyrine Action Pathway Drug action - Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs Browse all" title="About SNP Mediated Effects/ADRs" id="snp-actions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions Learn More" title="About Drug Interactions" id="structured-interactions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbacavir Antipyrine may decrease the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a higher serum level. Abametapir The serum concentration of Antipyrine can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir. Abatacept The metabolism of Antipyrine can be increased when combined with Abatacept. Abciximab The risk or severity of bleeding and hemorrhage can be increased when Antipyrine is combined with Abciximab. Abiraterone The serum concentration of Antipyrine can be increased when it is combined with Abiraterone. - Food Interactions
- Take with or without food. When taken after meals, the Cmax and Tmax of oral antipyrine are reduced, but the overall bioavailability is not significantly impacted.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Over the Counter Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image TROPEX EAR DROPS 5% w/v Solution 5 % w/v Auricular (otic) DCH AURIGA SINGAPORE 1990-06-26 Not applicable Singapore 
- Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Antidouleurs Rezall Antipyrine (180 mg / 30 mL) + Sodium salicylate (600 mg / 30 mL) Liquid Oral Produits Francais Labs Inc. 1930-12-31 1997-05-30 Canada 
Auralgan Antipyrine (54 mg / mL) + Benzocaine (14 mg / mL) Solution Auricular (otic) Paladin Labs Inc. 2011-02-28 2021-11-01 Canada Auralgan Eardrops Antipyrine (54 mg / mL) + Benzocaine (14 mg / mL) Solution / drops Auricular (otic) Wyeth Ltd. 1994-12-31 2006-08-04 Canada Auralgan Solution Antipyrine (54 mg / mL) + Benzocaine (14 mg / mL) Solution Auricular (otic) Wyeth Ltd. 1993-12-31 2011-08-05 Canada DOLPACK SOLUCIÓN BUCAL Antipyrine (3 g) + Benzocaine (2.5 g) Solution Buccal; Oral SEVERIANO FERNANDEZ M S.A.S. 2013-04-05 2020-11-13 Colombia 
- Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Acella Antipyrine and Benzocaine Otic Antipyrine (54 mg/1mL) + Benzocaine (14 mg/1mL) Solution Auricular (otic) Proficient Rx LP 2010-11-09 2015-12-31 US 
Acella Antipyrine and Benzocaine Otic Antipyrine (54 mg/1mL) + Benzocaine (14 mg/1mL) Solution Auricular (otic) Acella Pharmaceuticals, LLC 2010-03-12 2017-04-30 US Antipyrine and Benzocaine Antipyrine (54 mg/1mL) + Benzocaine (14 mg/1mL) Solution Auricular (otic) Proficient Rx LP 2000-01-01 2015-12-31 US Antipyrine and Benzocaine Antipyrine (54 mg/1mL) + Benzocaine (14 mg/1mL) Liquid Topical Directrx 2014-01-01 2014-12-31 US Antipyrine and Benzocaine Antipyrine (54 mg/1mL) + Benzocaine (14 mg/1mL) Solution Auricular (otic) Aidarex Pharmaceuticals LLC 2009-04-30 2016-04-08 US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- N02BB51 — Phenazone, combinations excl. psycholepticsN02BB71 — Phenazone, combinations with psycholepticsN02BB01 — PhenazoneS02DA03 — Phenazone
- Drug Categories
- Agents causing hyperkalemia
- Agents that produce hypertension
- Analgesics
- Analgesics and Anesthetics
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal (Non-Selective)
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B6 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C18 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
- Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
- Nephrotoxic agents
- Nervous System
- Non COX-2 selective NSAIDS
- OAT1/SLC22A6 inhibitors
- Otologicals
- Peripheral Nervous System Agents
- Pyrazoles
- Pyrazolones
- Sensory Organs
- Sensory System Agents
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpyrazoles. These are compounds containing a phenylpyrazole skeleton, which consists of a pyrazole bound to a phenyl group.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organoheterocyclic compounds
- Class
- Azoles
- Sub Class
- Pyrazoles
- Direct Parent
- Phenylpyrazoles
- Alternative Parents
- Pyrazolones / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Vinylogous amides / Heteroaromatic compounds / Lactams / Azacyclic compounds / Organopnictogen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Organic oxides show 1 more
- Substituents
- Aromatic heteromonocyclic compound / Azacycle / Benzenoid / Heteroaromatic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Lactam / Monocyclic benzene moiety / Organic nitrogen compound / Organic oxide / Organic oxygen compound show 6 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteromonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- pyrazolone (CHEBI:31225)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- T3CHA1B51H
- CAS number
- 60-80-0
- InChI Key
- VEQOALNAAJBPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C11H12N2O/c1-9-8-11(14)13(12(9)2)10-6-4-3-5-7-10/h3-8H,1-2H3
- IUPAC Name
- 1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-3-one
- SMILES
- CN1N(C(=O)C=C1C)C1=CC=CC=C1
References
- Synthesis Reference
Andreas Burgard, "Xanthine-and phenazone-acesulfame-H complexes having improved taste, process for their preparation and their use." U.S. Patent US20030008865, issued January 09, 2003.
US20030008865- General References
- INVIMA Product Authorization: Calzas (antipyrine/benzocaine) oral solution [Link]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0015503
- KEGG Drug
- D01776
- KEGG Compound
- C13244
- PubChem Compound
- 2206
- PubChem Substance
- 46505216
- ChemSpider
- 2121
- BindingDB
- 50103600
- 1001
- ChEBI
- 31225
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL277474
- ZINC
- ZINC000000061044
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DNC001118
- PharmGKB
- PA448453
- PDRhealth
- PDRhealth Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Phenazone
- MSDS
- Download (73 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 3 Recruiting Treatment Acute Otitis Media (AOM) / Pain 1 2 Completed Treatment Acute Otitis Media (AOM) 1 2 Not Yet Recruiting Treatment Asthma 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Deston Therapeutics
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Liquid Topical Solution / drops Auricular (otic) Solution Oral Liquid Auricular (otic) Solution Buccal; Oral Liquid Oral Solution Auricular (otic) Suspension Ophthalmic Solution Topical Solution Auricular (otic) 5 % w/v - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Auralgan ear drops 13.11USD ml DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 114 °C PhysProp boiling point (°C) 319 °C PhysProp water solubility 5.19E+004 mg/L (at 25 °C) YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992) logP 0.38 HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) Caco2 permeability -4.55 ADME Research, USCD pKa 1.4 SANGSTER (1994) - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 47.4 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 1.18 ALOGPS logP 1.22 Chemaxon logS -0.6 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Basic) 0.49 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 2 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 23.55 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 1 Chemaxon Refractivity 56.42 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 20.4 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 2 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter Yes Chemaxon Veber's Rule Yes Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 1.0 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.9931 Caco-2 permeable + 0.8273 P-glycoprotein substrate Non-substrate 0.8995 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.8782 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.8737 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.8837 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.6871 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.9115 CYP450 3A4 substrate Substrate 0.6459 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.8617 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9071 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9444 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9533 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9615 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.7357 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.9261 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.9202 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.9761 Rat acute toxicity 2.0746 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9816 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.8733
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Download (8.41 KB)
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 147.049516 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 146.812216 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 136.22133 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 148.092216 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 147.8811847 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 138.61688 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 147.632716 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 154.0670831 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 145.66899 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
Build, predict & validate machine-learning models
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock newinsights and accelerate drug research.
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new insights and accelerate drug research.
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity
- Specific Function
- Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Constitutively expressed in some tissues in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and...
- Gene Name
- PTGS2
- Uniprot ID
- P35354
- Uniprot Name
- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2
- Molecular Weight
- 68995.625 Da
References
- Brune K, Neubert A: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of the ideal COX-2 inhibitor: a pharmacologist's perspective. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2001 Nov-Dec;19(6 Suppl 25):S51-7. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity
- Specific Function
- Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Involved in the constitutive production of prostanoids in particular in the stomach and platelets. In gas...
- Gene Name
- PTGS1
- Uniprot ID
- P23219
- Uniprot Name
- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1
- Molecular Weight
- 68685.82 Da
References
- Brune K, Neubert A: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of the ideal COX-2 inhibitor: a pharmacologist's perspective. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2001 Nov-Dec;19(6 Suppl 25):S51-7. [Article]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Exhibits a high coumarin 7-hydroxylase activity. Can act in the hydroxylation of the anti-cancer drugs cyclophosphamide and ifosphamide. Competent in the metabolic activation of aflatoxin B1. Const...
- Gene Name
- CYP2A6
- Uniprot ID
- P11509
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2A6
- Molecular Weight
- 56501.005 Da
References
- Sharer JE, Wrighton SA: Identification of the human hepatic cytochromes P450 involved in the in vitro oxidation of antipyrine. Drug Metab Dispos. 1996 Apr;24(4):487-94. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2B6
- Uniprot ID
- P20813
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2B6
- Molecular Weight
- 56277.81 Da
References
- Engel G, Hofmann U, Heidemann H, Cosme J, Eichelbaum M: Antipyrine as a probe for human oxidative drug metabolism: identification of the cytochrome P450 enzymes catalyzing 4-hydroxyantipyrine, 3-hydroxymethylantipyrine, and norantipyrine formation. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1996 Jun;59(6):613-23. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C18
- Uniprot ID
- P33260
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C18
- Molecular Weight
- 55710.075 Da
References
- Engel G, Hofmann U, Heidemann H, Cosme J, Eichelbaum M: Antipyrine as a probe for human oxidative drug metabolism: identification of the cytochrome P450 enzymes catalyzing 4-hydroxyantipyrine, 3-hydroxymethylantipyrine, and norantipyrine formation. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1996 Jun;59(6):613-23. [Article]
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic...
- Gene Name
- CYP2D6
- Uniprot ID
- P10635
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2D6
- Molecular Weight
- 55768.94 Da
References
- Engel G, Hofmann U, Heidemann H, Cosme J, Eichelbaum M: Antipyrine as a probe for human oxidative drug metabolism: identification of the cytochrome P450 enzymes catalyzing 4-hydroxyantipyrine, 3-hydroxymethylantipyrine, and norantipyrine formation. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1996 Jun;59(6):613-23. [Article]
- Sharer JE, Wrighton SA: Identification of the human hepatic cytochromes P450 involved in the in vitro oxidation of antipyrine. Drug Metab Dispos. 1996 Apr;24(4):487-94. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Metabolizes several precarcinogens, drugs, and solvents to reactive metabolites. Inactivates a number of drugs and xenobiotics and also bioactivates many xenobiotic substrates to their hepatotoxic ...
- Gene Name
- CYP2E1
- Uniprot ID
- P05181
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2E1
- Molecular Weight
- 56848.42 Da
References
- Sharer JE, Wrighton SA: Identification of the human hepatic cytochromes P450 involved in the in vitro oxidation of antipyrine. Drug Metab Dispos. 1996 Apr;24(4):487-94. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C8
- Uniprot ID
- P10632
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C8
- Molecular Weight
- 55824.275 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
- Engel G, Hofmann U, Heidemann H, Cosme J, Eichelbaum M: Antipyrine as a probe for human oxidative drug metabolism: identification of the cytochrome P450 enzymes catalyzing 4-hydroxyantipyrine, 3-hydroxymethylantipyrine, and norantipyrine formation. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1996 Jun;59(6):613-23. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C9
- Uniprot ID
- P11712
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C9
- Molecular Weight
- 55627.365 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
- Engel G, Hofmann U, Heidemann H, Cosme J, Eichelbaum M: Antipyrine as a probe for human oxidative drug metabolism: identification of the cytochrome P450 enzymes catalyzing 4-hydroxyantipyrine, 3-hydroxymethylantipyrine, and norantipyrine formation. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1996 Jun;59(6):613-23. [Article]
- Sharer JE, Wrighton SA: Identification of the human hepatic cytochromes P450 involved in the in vitro oxidation of antipyrine. Drug Metab Dispos. 1996 Apr;24(4):487-94. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP1A2
- Uniprot ID
- P05177
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 1A2
- Molecular Weight
- 58293.76 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
- Engel G, Hofmann U, Heidemann H, Cosme J, Eichelbaum M: Antipyrine as a probe for human oxidative drug metabolism: identification of the cytochrome P450 enzymes catalyzing 4-hydroxyantipyrine, 3-hydroxymethylantipyrine, and norantipyrine formation. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1996 Jun;59(6):613-23. [Article]
- Sotaniemi EA, Pelkonen O, Arranto AJ, Tapanainen P, Rautio A, Pasanen M: Diabetes and elimination of antipyrine in man: an analysis of 298 patients classified by type of diabetes, age, sex, duration of disease and liver involvement. Pharmacol Toxicol. 2002 Mar;90(3):155-60. [Article]
- Lu P, Schrag ML, Slaughter DE, Raab CE, Shou M, Rodrigues AD: Mechanism-based inhibition of human liver microsomal cytochrome P450 1A2 by zileuton, a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor. Drug Metab Dispos. 2003 Nov;31(11):1352-60. doi: 10.1124/dmd.31.11.1352. [Article]
- Sharer JE, Wrighton SA: Identification of the human hepatic cytochromes P450 involved in the in vitro oxidation of antipyrine. Drug Metab Dispos. 1996 Apr;24(4):487-94. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and im...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C19
- Uniprot ID
- P33261
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C19
- Molecular Weight
- 55930.545 Da
References
- Sharer JE, Wrighton SA: Identification of the human hepatic cytochromes P450 involved in the in vitro oxidation of antipyrine. Drug Metab Dispos. 1996 Apr;24(4):487-94. [Article]
- Engel G, Hofmann U, Heidemann H, Cosme J, Eichelbaum M: Antipyrine as a probe for human oxidative drug metabolism: identification of the cytochrome P450 enzymes catalyzing 4-hydroxyantipyrine, 3-hydroxymethylantipyrine, and norantipyrine formation. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1996 Jun;59(6):613-23. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID
- P08684
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A4
- Molecular Weight
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
- Engel G, Hofmann U, Heidemann H, Cosme J, Eichelbaum M: Antipyrine as a probe for human oxidative drug metabolism: identification of the cytochrome P450 enzymes catalyzing 4-hydroxyantipyrine, 3-hydroxymethylantipyrine, and norantipyrine formation. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1996 Jun;59(6):613-23. [Article]
- Sharer JE, Wrighton SA: Identification of the human hepatic cytochromes P450 involved in the in vitro oxidation of antipyrine. Drug Metab Dispos. 1996 Apr;24(4):487-94. [Article]
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Involved in the renal elimination of endogenous and exogenous organic anions. Functions as organic anion exchanger when the uptake of one molecule of organic anion is coupled with an efflux of one ...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A6
- Uniprot ID
- Q4U2R8
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 6
- Molecular Weight
- 61815.78 Da
References
- Apiwattanakul N, Sekine T, Chairoungdua A, Kanai Y, Nakajima N, Sophasan S, Endou H: Transport properties of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by organic anion transporter 1 expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Mol Pharmacol. 1999 May;55(5):847-54. [Article]
Drug created at July 26, 2007 10:19 / Updated at September 28, 2021 21:54