Identification
- Generic Name
- Putrescine
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB01917
- Background
Putrescine is a toxic diamine formed by putrefaction from the decarboxylation of arginine and ornithine. Putrescine is a solid. This compound belongs to the polyamines. These are compounds containing more than one amine group. Known drug targets of putrescine include putrescine-binding periplasmic protein, ornithine decarboxylase, and S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Experimental
- Structure
Structure for Putrescine (DB01917)
- Weight
- Average: 88.1515
Monoisotopic: 88.100048394 - Chemical Formula
- C4H12N2
- Synonyms
- putrescina
- External IDs
- NSC-60545
Pharmacology
- Indication
Not Available
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
Not Available
- Mechanism of action
Target Actions Organism UBeta-1 adrenergic receptor Not Available Humans UBeta-2 adrenergic receptor Not Available Humans UOrnithine decarboxylase Not Available Humans US-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme Not Available Humans UPutrescine-binding periplasmic protein Not Available Escherichia coli (strain K12) - Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs Browse all" title="About SNP Mediated Effects/ADRs" id="snp-actions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions Learn More" title="About Drug Interactions" id="structured-interactions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- Not Available
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as monoalkylamines. These are organic compounds containing an primary aliphatic amine group.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organic nitrogen compounds
- Class
- Organonitrogen compounds
- Sub Class
- Amines
- Direct Parent
- Monoalkylamines
- Alternative Parents
- Organopnictogen compounds / Hydrocarbon derivatives
- Substituents
- Aliphatic acyclic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Organopnictogen compound / Primary aliphatic amine
- Molecular Framework
- Aliphatic acyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- alkane-alpha,omega-diamine (CHEBI:17148) / Biogenic amines (C00134) / an aliphatic α,ω-diamine (PUTRESCINE)
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- V10TVZ52E4
- CAS number
- 110-60-1
- InChI Key
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C4H12N2/c5-3-1-2-4-6/h1-6H2
- IUPAC Name
- butane-1,4-diamine
- SMILES
- NCCCCN
References
- Synthesis Reference
Sang Yup Lee, Zhi Gang Qian, Xiaoxia Xia, Yong Jae Jeon, "MUTANT MICROORGANISMS HAVING A HIGH ABILITY TO PRODUCE PUTRESCINE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING PUTRESCINE USING THE SAME." U.S. Patent US20100203599, issued August 12, 2010.
US20100203599- General References
- Not Available
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0001414
- KEGG Compound
- C02896
- PubChem Compound
- 1045
- PubChem Substance
- 46506728
- ChemSpider
- 13837702
- BindingDB
- 50009385
- ChEBI
- 17148
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL46257
- ZINC
- ZINC000005828633
- Guide to Pharmacology
- GtP Drug Page
- PDBe Ligand
- PUT
- Wikipedia
- Putrescine
- PDB Entries
- 1a99 / 1f3t / 1i72 / 1i79 / 1i7b / 1i7c / 1i7m / 1jl0 / 1msv / 2o06 … show 64 more
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
- Not Available
- Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 27.5 °C PhysProp boiling point (°C) 158.5 °C PhysProp logP -0.70 SANGSTER (1994) pKa 10.8 (at 20 °C) PERRIN,DD (1965) - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 236.0 mg/mL ALOGPS logP -0.98 ALOGPS logP -0.85 Chemaxon logS 0.43 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Basic) 10.51 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 2 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 2 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 2 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 52.04 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 3 Chemaxon Refractivity 27.38 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 11.07 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 0 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.8896 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.8645 Caco-2 permeable + 0.8867 P-glycoprotein substrate Non-substrate 0.56 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.9692 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.8872 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.647 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.895 CYP450 2D6 substrate Substrate 0.5153 CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.8448 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.9045 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9071 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9497 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9084 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9111 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.8704 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.908 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.5694 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.529 Rat acute toxicity 2.3026 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.8553 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.8449
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 113.2333956 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 113.2338956 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 113.3238956 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 118.99655 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 114.0996956 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 114.0273956 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 114.1102956 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 120.90199 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 113.5540956 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 113.7682956 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 113.7104956 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 128.92271 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Receptor signaling protein activity
- Specific Function
- Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. This receptor binds epinephrine and norepinephrine with approximately e...
- Gene Name
- ADRB1
- Uniprot ID
- P08588
- Uniprot Name
- Beta-1 adrenergic receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 51322.1 Da
References
- Meana C, Bordallo J, Bordallo C, Suarez L, Cantabrana B, Sanchez M: Functional effects of polyamines via activation of human beta1- and beta2-adrenoceptors stably expressed in CHO cells. Pharmacol Rep. 2010 Jul-Aug;62(4):696-706. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Protein homodimerization activity
- Specific Function
- Beta-adrenergic receptors mediate the catecholamine-induced activation of adenylate cyclase through the action of G proteins. The beta-2-adrenergic receptor binds epinephrine with an approximately ...
- Gene Name
- ADRB2
- Uniprot ID
- P07550
- Uniprot Name
- Beta-2 adrenergic receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 46458.32 Da
References
- Meana C, Bordallo J, Bordallo C, Suarez L, Cantabrana B, Sanchez M: Functional effects of polyamines via activation of human beta1- and beta2-adrenoceptors stably expressed in CHO cells. Pharmacol Rep. 2010 Jul-Aug;62(4):696-706. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Protein homodimerization activity
- Specific Function
- Key enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis that converts ornithine into putrescine, which is the precursor for the polyamines, spermidine and spermine.
- Gene Name
- ODC1
- Uniprot ID
- P11926
- Uniprot Name
- Ornithine decarboxylase
- Molecular Weight
- 51147.73 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
- Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Putrescine binding
- Specific Function
- Essential for biosynthesis of the polyamines spermidine and spermine. Promotes maintenance and self-renewal of embryonic stem cells, by maintaining spermine levels (By similarity).
- Gene Name
- AMD1
- Uniprot ID
- P17707
- Uniprot Name
- S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase proenzyme
- Molecular Weight
- 38339.335 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Escherichia coli (strain K12)
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Putrescine-importing atpase activity
- Specific Function
- Required for the activity of the bacterial periplasmic transport system of putrescine. Polyamine binding protein.
- Gene Name
- potF
- Uniprot ID
- P31133
- Uniprot Name
- Putrescine-binding periplasmic protein
- Molecular Weight
- 40839.305 Da
References
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Symporter activity
- Specific Function
- Sodium-ion dependent, low affinity carnitine transporter. Probably transports one sodium ion with one molecule of carnitine. Also transports organic cations such as tetraethylammonium (TEA) without...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A4
- Uniprot ID
- Q9H015
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 4
- Molecular Weight
- 62154.48 Da
References
- Yabuuchi H, Tamai I, Nezu J, Sakamoto K, Oku A, Shimane M, Sai Y, Tsuji A: Novel membrane transporter OCTN1 mediates multispecific, bidirectional, and pH-dependent transport of organic cations. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 May;289(2):768-73. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at June 12, 2020 16:52