Identification
- Generic Name
- Hypoxanthine
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB04076
- Background
Hypoxanthine is a purine and a reaction intermediate in the metabolism of adenosine and in the formation of nucleic acids by the salvage pathway.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Experimental
- Structure
Structure for Hypoxanthine (DB04076)
- Weight
- Average: 136.1115
Monoisotopic: 136.03851077 - Chemical Formula
- C5H4N4O
- Synonyms
- Not Available
Pharmacology
- Indication
Not Available
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
Not Available
- Mechanism of action
Target Actions Organism UPurine nucleoside phosphorylase Not Available Humans - Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
Pathway Category Adenylosuccinate Lyase Deficiency Disease Xanthine Dehydrogenase Deficiency (Xanthinuria) Disease Xanthinuria Type I Disease Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome Disease Myoadenylate Deaminase Deficiency Disease Purine Metabolism Metabolic Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase Deficiency Disease Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome (LNS) Disease Gout or Kelley-Seegmiller Syndrome Disease Mercaptopurine Action Pathway Drug action Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase Deficiency (APRT) Disease Adenosine Deaminase Deficiency Disease AICA-Ribosiduria Disease Molybdenum Cofactor Deficiency Disease Azathioprine Action Pathway Drug action Thioguanine Action Pathway Drug action Xanthinuria Type II Disease - Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs Browse all" title="About SNP Mediated Effects/ADRs" id="snp-actions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions Learn More" title="About Drug Interactions" id="structured-interactions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your software1,2-Benzodiazepine The therapeutic efficacy of 1,2-Benzodiazepine can be decreased when used in combination with Hypoxanthine. Abametapir The serum concentration of Hypoxanthine can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir. Abatacept The metabolism of Hypoxanthine can be increased when combined with Abatacept. Abiraterone The serum concentration of Hypoxanthine can be increased when it is combined with Abiraterone. Acebutolol The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Acebutolol is combined with Hypoxanthine. - Food Interactions
- Not Available
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hypoxanthines. These are compounds containing the purine derivative 1H-purin-6(9H)-one. Purine is a bicyclic aromatic compound made up of a pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organoheterocyclic compounds
- Class
- Imidazopyrimidines
- Sub Class
- Purines and purine derivatives
- Direct Parent
- Hypoxanthines
- Alternative Parents
- 6-oxopurines / Pyrimidones / Vinylogous amides / Imidazoles / Heteroaromatic compounds / Azacyclic compounds / Organopnictogen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Organonitrogen compounds / Organic oxides show 1 more
- Substituents
- 6-oxopurine / Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound / Azacycle / Azole / Heteroaromatic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Hypoxanthine / Imidazole / Organic nitrogen compound / Organic oxide show 7 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- oxopurine, nucleobase analogue, purine nucleobase (CHEBI:17368) / Purine alkaloids (C00262) / a purine-related compound, a purine base (HYPOXANTHINE)
- Affected organisms
- Not Available
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 2TN51YD919
- CAS number
- 68-94-0
- InChI Key
- FDGQSTZJBFJUBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C5H4N4O/c10-5-3-4(7-1-6-3)8-2-9-5/h1-2H,(H2,6,7,8,9,10)
- IUPAC Name
- 6,7-dihydro-3H-purin-6-one
- SMILES
- O=C1N=CNC2=C1NC=N2
References
- Synthesis Reference
Alvin J. Glasky, Heinrich Bollinger, Hans Rudolf Muller, "Methods of synthesis for 9-substituted hypoxanthine derivatives." U.S. Patent US06849735, issued February 01, 2005.
US06849735- General References
- Not Available
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0000157
- KEGG Compound
- C00262
- PubChem Compound
- 790
- PubChem Substance
- 46507200
- ChemSpider
- 768
- BindingDB
- 50200102
- ChEBI
- 17368
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL1427
- ZINC
- ZINC000018153302
- PDBe Ligand
- HPA
- Wikipedia
- Hypoxanthine
- PDB Entries
- 1a9q / 1a9r / 1a9t / 1bdh / 1bdi / 1jfs / 1jft / 1jh9 / 1pnr / 1qp0 … show 41 more
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 3 Completed Other Parkinson's Disease (PD) 1 2 Completed Treatment Parkinson's Disease (PD) 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
- Not Available
- Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 150 dec °C PhysProp water solubility 700 mg/L (at 23 °C) YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992) logP -1.11 HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) logS -2.29 ADME Research, USCD - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 2.2 mg/mL ALOGPS logP -0.74 ALOGPS logP -0.36 Chemaxon logS -1.8 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 9.41 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 2.28 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 4 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 2 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 70.14 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 0 Chemaxon Refractivity 35.61 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 11.78 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 2 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9948 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.9758 Caco-2 permeable - 0.7161 P-glycoprotein substrate Non-substrate 0.6693 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.9462 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.9626 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.8869 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8095 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.7824 CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.6692 CYP450 1A2 substrate Inhibitor 0.6493 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.913 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9212 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.8549 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9202 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.8962 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.6541 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.9686 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 0.8452 Rat acute toxicity 2.1622 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9781 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.9305
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 121.381752 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 121.328552 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 121.471852 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 122.39554 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M-H]- 121.381752 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 121.328552 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 121.471852 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 122.39554 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 122.382552 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 122.442352 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 122.364452 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 124.537766 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 122.382552 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 122.442352 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 122.364452 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 124.537766 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 121.893052 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 121.948852 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 133.26193 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 121.893052 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 121.948852 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 133.26193 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity
- Specific Function
- The purine nucleoside phosphorylases catalyze the phosphorolytic breakdown of the N-glycosidic bond in the beta-(deoxy)ribonucleoside molecules, with the formation of the corresponding free purine ...
- Gene Name
- PNP
- Uniprot ID
- P00491
- Uniprot Name
- Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
- Molecular Weight
- 32117.69 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
- Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP1A2
- Uniprot ID
- P05177
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 1A2
- Molecular Weight
- 58293.76 Da
References
- Smith AG, Davies R, Dalton TP, Miller ML, Judah D, Riley J, Gant T, Nebert DW: Intrinsic hepatic phenotype associated with the Cyp1a2 gene as shown by cDNA expression microarray analysis of the knockout mouse. EHP Toxicogenomics. 2003 Jan;111(1T):45-51. [Article]
- Carrillo JA, Christensen M, Ramos SI, Alm C, Dahl ML, Benitez J, Bertilsson L: Evaluation of caffeine as an in vivo probe for CYP1A2 using measurements in plasma, saliva, and urine. Ther Drug Monit. 2000 Aug;22(4):409-17. [Article]
- Yin OQ, Lam SS, Lo CM, Chow MS: Rapid determination of five probe drugs and their metabolites in human plasma and urine by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry: application to cytochrome P450 phenotyping studies. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2004;18(23):2921-33. doi: 10.1002/rcm.1704. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at June 12, 2020 16:52