Identification
- Summary
Vandetanib is an antineoplastic kinase inhibitor used to treat symptomatic or progressive medullary thyroid cancer in patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic disease.
- Brand Names
- Caprelsa
- Generic Name
- Vandetanib
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB05294
- Background
Vandetanib is an oral once-daily kinase inhibitor of tumour angiogenesis and tumour cell proliferation with the potential for use in a broad range of tumour types.
On April 6 2011, vandetanib was approved by the FDA to treat nonresectable, locally advanced, or metastatic medullary thyroid cancer in adult patients.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved
- Structure
Structure for Vandetanib (DB05294)
- Weight
- Average: 475.354
Monoisotopic: 474.106666884 - Chemical Formula
- C22H24BrFN4O2
- Synonyms
- N-(4-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-6-methoxy-7-((1-methyl-4-piperidinyl)methoxy)-4-quinazolinamine
- N-(4-Bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-6-methoxy-7-((1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)methoxy)quinazolin-4-amine
- Vandetanib
- External IDs
- GNF-PF-2188
- HSDB 8198
- ZD 6474
- ZD-6474
- ZD6474
Pharmacology
- Indication
Vandetanib is currently approved as an alternative to local therapies for both unresectable and disseminated disease. Because Vandetanib can prolong the Q-T interval, it is contraindicated for use in patients with serious cardiac complications such as congenital long QT syndrome and uncompensated heart failure.
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Treatment of Metastatic medullary thyroid cancer •••••••••••• Treatment of Locally advanced medullary thyroid cancer •••••••••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
Mean IC50 of approximately 2.1 μg/mL.
- Mechanism of action
ZD-6474 is a potent and selective inhibitor of VEGFR (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor), EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and RET (REarranged during Transfection) tyrosine kinases.
VEGFR- and EGFR-dependent signalling are both clinically validated pathways in cancer, including non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). RET activity is important in some types of thyroid cancer, and early data with vandetanib in medullary thyroid cancer has led to orphan-drug designation by the regulatory authorities in the USA and EU.
Target Actions Organism UVascular endothelial growth factor A inhibitorHumans UEpidermal growth factor receptor inhibitorHumans UProtein-tyrosine kinase 6 inhibitorHumans UAngiopoietin-1 receptor inhibitorHumans UProto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret Not Available Humans - Absorption
Slow- peak plasma concentrations reached at a median 6 hours. On multiple dosing, Vandetanib accumulates about 8 fold with steady state reached after around 3 months.
- Volume of distribution
Vd of about 7450 L.
- Protein binding
Protein binding of about 90%.
- Metabolism
Unchanged vandentanib and metabolites vandetanib N-oxide and N-desmethyl vandetanib were detected in plasma, urine and feces. N-desmethyl-vandetanib is primarily produced by CYP3A4, and vandetanib-N-oxide is primarily produced by flavin–containing monooxygenase enzymes FMO1 and FMO3.
Hover over products below to view reaction partners
- Route of elimination
About 69% was recovered following 21 days after a single dose of vandentanib. 44% was found in feces and 25% in urine.
- Half-life
Median half life of 19 days.
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs Browse all" title="About SNP Mediated Effects/ADRs" id="snp-actions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions Learn More" title="About Drug Interactions" id="structured-interactions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbametapir The serum concentration of Vandetanib can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir. Abatacept The metabolism of Vandetanib can be increased when combined with Abatacept. Abemaciclib The serum concentration of Abemaciclib can be increased when it is combined with Vandetanib. Acalabrutinib The metabolism of Vandetanib can be decreased when combined with Acalabrutinib. Acetaminophen The metabolism of Vandetanib can be increased when combined with Acetaminophen. - Food Interactions
- Avoid grapefruit products. Grapefruit inhibits CYP3A4 metabolism, which may increase the serum levels of vandetanib.
- Avoid St. John's Wort. This herb induces CYP3A4 metabolism, which may reduce the serum levels of vandetanib.
- Take with or without food.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- International/Other Brands
- Zactima (AstraZeneca ) / Zictifa (AstraZeneca )
- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Caprelsa Tablet, film coated 100 mg Oral Sanofi B.V. 2016-09-08 Not applicable EU 
Caprelsa Tablet 300 mg Oral Sanofi Genzyme, a Division of Sanofi Aventis Canada Inc 2012-02-23 Not applicable Canada 
Caprelsa Tablet 300 mg/1 Oral AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP 2011-07-25 2020-05-31 US 
Caprelsa Tablet, film coated 300 mg/1 Oral Genzyme Corporation 2022-06-24 Not applicable US Caprelsa Tablet, film coated 300 mg/1 Oral Genzyme Corporation 2011-07-25 Not applicable US - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Caprelsa Vandetanib (300 mg/1) Tablet, film coated Oral Genzyme Corporation 2022-06-24 Not applicable US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- L01EX04 — Vandetanib
- Drug Categories
- Antineoplastic Agents
- Antineoplastic and Immunomodulating Agents
- BCRP/ABCG2 Inhibitors
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates with a Narrow Therapeutic Index
- Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
- Drugs causing inadvertant photosensitivity
- Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring
- Highest Risk QTc-Prolonging Agents
- Kinase Inhibitor
- Narrow Therapeutic Index Drugs
- OCT2 Inhibitors
- P-glycoprotein inhibitors
- Photosensitizing Agents
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors
- QTc Prolonging Agents
- Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as quinazolinamines. These are heterocyclic aromatic compounds containing a quianazoline moiety substituted by one or more amine groups.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organoheterocyclic compounds
- Class
- Diazanaphthalenes
- Sub Class
- Benzodiazines
- Direct Parent
- Quinazolinamines
- Alternative Parents
- Aniline and substituted anilines / Anisoles / Alkyl aryl ethers / Aminopyrimidines and derivatives / Bromobenzenes / Fluorobenzenes / Piperidines / Aryl bromides / Imidolactams / Aryl fluorides show 8 more
- Substituents
- Alkyl aryl ether / Amine / Aminopyrimidine / Aniline or substituted anilines / Anisole / Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound / Aryl bromide / Aryl fluoride / Aryl halide / Azacycle show 23 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- piperidines, organofluorine compound, organobromine compound, aromatic ether, secondary amine, quinazolines (CHEBI:49960)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- YO460OQ37K
- CAS number
- 443913-73-3
- InChI Key
- UHTHHESEBZOYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C22H24BrFN4O2/c1-28-7-5-14(6-8-28)12-30-21-11-19-16(10-20(21)29-2)22(26-13-25-19)27-18-4-3-15(23)9-17(18)24/h3-4,9-11,13-14H,5-8,12H2,1-2H3,(H,25,26,27)
- IUPAC Name
- N-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-6-methoxy-7-[(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)methoxy]quinazolin-4-amine
- SMILES
- COC1=C(OCC2CCN(C)CC2)C=C2N=CN=C(NC3=C(F)C=C(Br)C=C3)C2=C1
References
- General References
- Bates D: ZD-6474. AstraZeneca. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2003 Dec;4(12):1468-72. [Article]
- Ton GN, Banaszynski ME, Kolesar JM: Vandetanib: a novel targeted therapy for the treatment of metastatic or locally advanced medullary thyroid cancer. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2013 May 15;70(10):849-55. doi: 10.2146/ajhp120253. [Article]
- Andriamanana I, Gana I, Duretz B, Hulin A: Simultaneous analysis of anticancer agents bortezomib, imatinib, nilotinib, dasatinib, erlotinib, lapatinib, sorafenib, sunitinib and vandetanib in human plasma using LC/MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2013 May 1;926:83-91. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.01.037. Epub 2013 Mar 16. [Article]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Caprelsa (vandetanib) tablets for oral use [Link]
- External Links
- KEGG Drug
- D06407
- PubChem Compound
- 3081361
- PubChem Substance
- 175426969
- ChemSpider
- 2338979
- BindingDB
- 21
- 1098413
- ChEBI
- 49960
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL24828
- ZINC
- ZINC000053683345
- PharmGKB
- PA166118341
- PDBe Ligand
- ZD6
- Wikipedia
- Vandetanib
- PDB Entries
- 2ivu
- FDA label
- Download (220 KB)
- MSDS
- Download (220 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Active Not Recruiting Treatment Thyroid Cancer 1 3 Active Not Recruiting Treatment Locally Advanced or Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Cancer / Medullary Thyroid Cancer (MTC) 1 3 Active Not Recruiting Treatment Medullary Thyroid Cancer (MTC) 1 3 Active Not Recruiting Treatment Thyroid Cancer 1 3 Completed Treatment Differentiated Thyroid Cancer (DTC) 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Tablet Oral 100 mg Tablet Oral 300 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 100 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral 100 MG Tablet, film coated Oral 300 mg/1 Tablet, film coated Oral 300 MG Tablet Oral 100 mg/1 Tablet Oral 300 mg/1 - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
Patent Number Pediatric Extension Approved Expires (estimated) Region US8642608 No 2014-02-04 2022-02-06 US US8067427 No 2011-11-29 2028-08-08 US US7173038 No 2007-02-06 2021-08-14 US USRE42353 No 2011-05-10 2017-09-23 US
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source water solubility 0.008 mg/mL at 25°C (77°F ) FDA Label - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.0102 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 5.01 ALOGPS logP 4.54 Chemaxon logS -4.7 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 14.35 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 9.13 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 1 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 6 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 1 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 59.51 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 6 Chemaxon Refractivity 118.63 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 47.1 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 4 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter Yes Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule Yes Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9961 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.9596 Caco-2 permeable + 0.611 P-glycoprotein substrate Substrate 0.7412 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Inhibitor 0.7327 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Inhibitor 0.9501 Renal organic cation transporter Inhibitor 0.6556 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8419 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.5827 CYP450 3A4 substrate Substrate 0.6006 CYP450 1A2 substrate Inhibitor 0.7333 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.7749 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.5867 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.5077 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Inhibitor 0.5288 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity High CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.8009 Ames test AMES toxic 0.5693 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.9322 Biodegradation Not ready biodegradable 1.0 Rat acute toxicity 2.5482 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.5 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Inhibitor 0.8342
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Download (103 KB)
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 197.22618 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 199.58418 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 206.28374 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock newinsights and accelerate drug research.
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new insights and accelerate drug research.
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding
- Specific Function
- Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of...
- Gene Name
- VEGFA
- Uniprot ID
- P15692
- Uniprot Name
- Vascular endothelial growth factor A
- Molecular Weight
- 27042.205 Da
References
- Link [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Ubiquitin protein ligase binding
- Specific Function
- Receptor tyrosine kinase binding ligands of the EGF family and activating several signaling cascades to convert extracellular cues into appropriate cellular responses. Known ligands include EGF, TG...
- Gene Name
- EGFR
- Uniprot ID
- P00533
- Uniprot Name
- Epidermal growth factor receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 134276.185 Da
References
- Link [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Receptor binding
- Specific Function
- Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase implicated in the regulation of a variety of signaling pathways that control the differentiation and maintenance of normal epithelia, as well as tumor growth. F...
- Gene Name
- PTK6
- Uniprot ID
- Q13882
- Uniprot Name
- Protein-tyrosine kinase 6
- Molecular Weight
- 51833.72 Da
References
- Link [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity
- Specific Function
- Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for ANGPT1, ANGPT2 and ANGPT4 and regulates angiogenesis, endothelial cell survival, proliferation, migration, adhesion and cell spreading...
- Gene Name
- TEK
- Uniprot ID
- Q02763
- Uniprot Name
- Angiopoietin-1 receptor
- Molecular Weight
- 125829.005 Da
References
- Link [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity
- Specific Function
- Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase involved in numerous cellular mechanisms including cell proliferation, neuronal navigation, cell migration, and cell differentiation upon binding with glial cell de...
- Gene Name
- RET
- Uniprot ID
- P07949
- Uniprot Name
- Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret
- Molecular Weight
- 124317.465 Da
References
- Berman HM, Westbrook J, Feng Z, Gilliland G, Bhat TN, Weissig H, Shindyalov IN, Bourne PE: The Protein Data Bank. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Jan 1;28(1):235-42. [Article]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Nadp binding
- Specific Function
- This protein is involved in the oxidative metabolism of a variety of xenobiotics such as drugs and pesticides. Form I catalyzes the N-oxygenation of secondary and tertiary amines.
- Gene Name
- FMO1
- Uniprot ID
- Q01740
- Uniprot Name
- Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 1
- Molecular Weight
- 60310.285 Da
References
- Link [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Trimethylamine monooxygenase activity
- Specific Function
- Involved in the oxidative metabolism of a variety of xenobiotics such as drugs and pesticides. It N-oxygenates primary aliphatic alkylamines as well as secondary and tertiary amines. Plays an impor...
- Gene Name
- FMO3
- Uniprot ID
- P31513
- Uniprot Name
- Dimethylaniline monooxygenase [N-oxide-forming] 3
- Molecular Weight
- 60032.975 Da
References
- Link [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Vitamin d3 25-hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It performs a variety of oxidation react...
- Gene Name
- CYP3A4
- Uniprot ID
- P08684
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 3A4
- Molecular Weight
- 57342.67 Da
References
- Link [Link]
Carriers
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Not Available
- Specific Function
- Functions as transport protein in the blood stream. Binds various ligands in the interior of its beta-barrel domain. Also binds synthetic drugs and influences their distribution and availability in...
- Gene Name
- ORM1
- Uniprot ID
- P02763
- Uniprot Name
- Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1
- Molecular Weight
- 23511.38 Da
References
- Link [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Toxic substance binding
- Specific Function
- Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloid...
- Gene Name
- ALB
- Uniprot ID
- P02768
- Uniprot Name
- Serum albumin
- Molecular Weight
- 69365.94 Da
References
- Link [Link]
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates export of organic anions and drugs from the cytoplasm. Mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugates, leukotriene C4, estradiol-17-beta-o-glucuronide, methotre...
- Gene Name
- ABCC1
- Uniprot ID
- P33527
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1
- Molecular Weight
- 171589.5 Da
References
- Zheng LS, Wang F, Li YH, Zhang X, Chen LM, Liang YJ, Dai CL, Yan YY, Tao LY, Mi YJ, Yang AK, To KK, Fu LW: Vandetanib (Zactima, ZD6474) antagonizes ABCC1- and ABCG2-mediated multidrug resistance by inhibition of their transport function. PLoS One. 2009;4(4):e5172. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005172. Epub 2009 Apr 23. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
- Specific Function
- High-capacity urate exporter functioning in both renal and extrarenal urate excretion. Plays a role in porphyrin homeostasis as it is able to mediates the export of protoporhyrin IX (PPIX) both fro...
- Gene Name
- ABCG2
- Uniprot ID
- Q9UNQ0
- Uniprot Name
- ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2
- Molecular Weight
- 72313.47 Da
References
- Zheng LS, Wang F, Li YH, Zhang X, Chen LM, Liang YJ, Dai CL, Yan YY, Tao LY, Mi YJ, Yang AK, To KK, Fu LW: Vandetanib (Zactima, ZD6474) antagonizes ABCC1- and ABCG2-mediated multidrug resistance by inhibition of their transport function. PLoS One. 2009;4(4):e5172. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005172. Epub 2009 Apr 23. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates tubular uptake of organic compounds from circulation. Mediates the influx of agmatine, dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine), serotonin, choline, famotidine, ranitidine, histamin, creat...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A2
- Uniprot ID
- O15244
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 2
- Molecular Weight
- 62579.99 Da
References
- Shen H, Yang Z, Zhao W, Zhang Y, Rodrigues AD: Assessment of vandetanib as an inhibitor of various human renal transporters: inhibition of multidrug and toxin extrusion as a possible mechanism leading to decreased cisplatin and creatinine clearance. Drug Metab Dispos. 2013 Dec;41(12):2095-103. doi: 10.1124/dmd.113.053215. Epub 2013 Sep 11. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
- Specific Function
- Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells.
- Gene Name
- ABCB1
- Uniprot ID
- P08183
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance protein 1
- Molecular Weight
- 141477.255 Da
References
- Jovelet C, Benard J, Forestier F, Farinotti R, Bidart JM, Gil S: Inhibition of P-glycoprotein functionality by vandetanib may reverse cancer cell resistance to doxorubicin. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2012 Aug 15;46(5):484-91. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.03.012. Epub 2012 Mar 30. [Article]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Caprelsa (vandetanib) tablets for oral use [Link]
Drug created at November 18, 2007 18:23 / Updated at February 20, 2024 23:54