Benzyl alcohol

Identification

Summary

Benzyl alcohol is an antiparasitic agent used for the topical treatment of head lice infestation in patients 6 months of age and older.

Brand Names

Cipro, Cipro HC, Itch-X, Ivy-dry Cream, Ulesfia, Zilactin Cold Sore

Generic Name

Benzyl alcohol

DrugBank Accession Number

DB06770

Background

Not Available

Type

Small Molecule

Groups

Approved

Structure

Similar Structures

Weight: Average: 108.1378
Monoisotopic: 108.057514878
Chemical Formula: C₇H₈O

Synonyms

(hydroxymethyl)benzene
Alcoholum benzylicum
Alcool benzylique
Alcoolbenzylique
alpha-Hydroxytoluene
Aromatic alcohol
Bentalol
Benzalalcohol
Benzalcohol
Benzenecarbinol
Benzenemethanol
Benzoyl alcohol
Benzyl alcohol
Benzylalkohol
Benzylic alcohol
Hydroxymethylbenzene
Phenylcarbinol
Phenylmethanol
Phenylmethyl alcohol
α-toluenol

External IDs

E-1519
FEMA NO. 2137
INS NO.1519
INS-1519
NSC-8044

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Pharmacology

Indication

Ulesfia (benzyl alcohol) lotion is indicated for the topical treatment of head lice infestation in patients 6 months of age and older. Ulesfia Lotion does not have ovicidal activity.

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Associated Conditions

Indication Type	Indication	Combined Product Details	Approval Level	Dose Form
Symptomatic treatment of	Cold sore		••• •••	•••••
Symptomatic treatment of	Fever blister		••• •••	•••••
Treatment of	Head lice		••••••••••••	••••••
Used in combination to treat	Insect bites	Combination Product in combination with: Chloroxylenol (DB11121), Benzocaine (DB01086)	••• •••	•••••• ••••••••• •••••
Management of	Oral pain		••• •••	•••

Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings

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Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action

Benzyl alcohol inhibits lice from closing their respiratory spiracles, allowing the vehicle to obstruct the spiracles and causing the lice to asphyxiate.

Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism

Not Available

Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects

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Toxicity

1250 mg/kg (rat, oral) LD50 400 mg/kg IPR-RAT LD50 2000 mg/kg SKN-RBT LD50 53 mg/kg IVN-RAT LD50 2500 mg/kg ORL-GPG LD50

Pathways

Not Available

Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs Browse all" title="About SNP Mediated Effects/ADRs" id="snp-actions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">

Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions Learn More" title="About Drug Interactions" id="structured-interactions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">

This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.

Drug	Interaction
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1,2-Benzodiazepine	The risk or severity of CNS depression can be increased when Benzyl alcohol is combined with 1,2-Benzodiazepine.
Abametapir	The serum concentration of Benzyl alcohol can be increased when it is combined with Abametapir.
Abatacept	The metabolism of Benzyl alcohol can be increased when combined with Abatacept.
Abemaciclib	The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Abemaciclib is combined with Benzyl alcohol.
Abiraterone	The serum concentration of Benzyl alcohol can be increased when it is combined with Abiraterone.

Food Interactions

No interactions found.

Products

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Brand Name Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
Ulesfia	Lotion	50 mg/1g	Topical	Lachlan Pharmaceuticals	2015-08-17	2020-03-31
Ulesfia	Lotion	50 mg/1g	Topical	Shionogi	2009-05-26	2016-04-30
Ulesfia	Lotion	50 mg/1g	Topical	Cerecor, Inc.	2014-07-16	Not applicable
Ulesfia	Lotion	50 mg/1g	Topical	Concordia Pharmaceuticals, Inc	2009-05-26	2016-07-22

Over the Counter Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
Averteax	Cream	10 mg/1g	Topical	Camellix, LLC	2014-01-01	Not applicable
Baby's Own Teething Gel - 2.5%	Gel	2.5 %	Topical	Block Drug Company (Canada) Ltd.	1998-03-02	2001-03-14
Baby's Own Teething Gel 2.5%	Gel	2.5 %	Topical	Dannorth Laboratories Inc.	1990-12-31	1997-08-12
Babys Own Gora Teething Lot	Lotion	25 mg / mL	Dental	G.T. Fulford Pharmaceuticals	1961-12-31	1998-06-25
Babys Own Teething Gel	Gel	25 mg / g	Dental	G.T. Fulford Pharmaceuticals	1977-12-31	1998-06-25

Mixture Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
Acyclovix	Benzyl alcohol (0.1 g/1g) + Acyclovir (200 mg/1)	Kit	Oral; Topical	Primary Pharmaceuticals, Inc.	2020-09-20	Not applicable
BEHEPTAL 20 DRAJE	Benzyl alcohol (24 mg) + Cyanocobalamin (0.03 mg) + Dexpanthenol (5 mg) + Flavin mononucleotide (5 mg) + Nicotinamide (50 mg) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (10 mg) + Thiamine hydrochloride (25 mg)	Tablet, coated		OSEL İLAÇ SAN. VE TİC. A.Ş.	1999-05-05	Not applicable
biochemistry PAIN RELIEF FOOT ACTIVE	Benzyl alcohol (190 mg/1mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (40 mg/1mL)	Liquid	Topical	Pure Source, Llc	2014-02-06	Not applicable
BIOCICAR® CREMA	Benzyl alcohol (1 g) + Zinc oxide (5 g) + Zinc oxide (5 g)	Cream	Topical	BIOCHEM FARMACEUTICA DE COLOMBIA S.A. BIOCHEM S.A.	2006-11-10	Not applicable
Carpal Comfort	Benzyl alcohol (10 mg/100mL) + Lidocaine hydrochloride (4 mg/100mL)	Cream	Topical	Comfort Lab, LP	2019-07-10	Not applicable

Unapproved/Other Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Hand Sanitizer	Benzyl alcohol (0.3 g/100mL) + Ethanol (62 mL/100mL) + Phenoxyethanol (0.3 g/100mL)	Gel	Topical	Larry (Xiamen)Hi-Tech Co.,Ltd.	2020-04-01	Not applicable

Chemical Identifiers

UNII: LKG8494WBH
CAS number: 100-51-6
InChI Key: WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI: InChI=1S/C7H8O/c8-6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5,8H,6H2
IUPAC Name: phenylmethanol
SMILES: OCC1=CC=CC=C1

References

Synthesis Reference

Cornelis Jongsma, Leon H. B. Frijns, Paula A. M. Raven-Donners, "Method for the preparation of a pure alkali metal benzoate and benzyl alcohol." U.S. Patent US4296245, issued June, 1940.

US4296245

General References

Taylor PM, Chengelis CP, Miller WR, Parker GA, Gleason TR, Cozzi E: Evaluation of propofol containing 2% benzyl alcohol preservative in cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2012 Aug;14(8):516-26. doi: 10.1177/1098612X12440354. Epub 2012 Feb 24. [Article]
Novak E, Stubbs SS, Sanborn EC, Eustice RM: The tolerance and safety of intravenously administered benzyl alcohol in methylprednisolone sodium succinate formulations in normal human subjects. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1972 Sep;23(1):54-61. [Article]
Meinking TL, Villar ME, Vicaria M, Eyerdam DH, Paquet D, Mertz-Rivera K, Rivera HF, Hiriart J, Reyna S: The clinical trials supporting benzyl alcohol lotion 5% (Ulesfia): a safe and effective topical treatment for head lice (pediculosis humanus capitis). Pediatr Dermatol. 2010 Jan-Feb;27(1):19-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1470.2009.01059.x. [Article]

External Links

Human Metabolome Database: HMDB0003119
KEGG Drug: D00077
KEGG Compound: C03485
PubChem Compound: 244
PubChem Substance: 175427090
ChemSpider: 13860335
RxNav: 1426
ChEBI: 17987
ChEMBL: CHEMBL720
ZINC: ZINC000000895302
PharmGKB: PA448594
PDBe Ligand: 010
RxList: RxList Drug Page
Wikipedia: Benzyl_alcohol

PDB Entries

2amq / 2hob / 2q6f / 3d23 / 3iwm / 4ii8 / 5eb5 / 5eu8 / 5gwy / 5gwz …

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FDA label

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MSDS

Download (50.6 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">

Phase	Status	Purpose	Conditions	Count
4	Completed	Health Services Research	Female Infertility	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Hip Pain	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Infertility	2
4	Recruiting	Basic Science	Scabies	1
4	Recruiting	Treatment	Infertility	1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Not Available

Packagers

Not Available

Dosage Forms

Form	Route	Strength
Kit	Oral; Topical
Cream	Topical	10 mg/1g
Gel	Topical	2.5 %
Lotion	Dental	25 mg / mL
Gel	Dental	25 mg / g
Tablet, coated
Cream	Topical
Solution	Parenteral	10.000 mcg
Suspension	Auricular (otic)
Gel	Buccal; Topical
Kit	Subcutaneous
Ointment	Topical
Solution	Cutaneous
Solution	Subcutaneous	75 UI
Tablet	Oral
Gel	Topical
Spray	Topical
Tablet, soluble	Oral
Aerosol, spray	Topical
Solution	Oral
Solution	Intramuscular	125.000 mg
Gel	Topical	100 mg/1g
Cream	Percutaneous; Topical; Transdermal
Liquid	Percutaneous; Topical; Transdermal
Solution	Topical
Liquid	Topical
Solution	Intravenous	500.000 mg
Lotion	Topical	50 mg/1g
Gel	Topical	0.1 g/1g
Solution	Intravenous
Lozenge

Prices

Not Available

Patents

Patent Number	Pediatric Extension	Approved	Expires (estimated)
US5858383	No	1999-01-12	2017-08-11
US6139859	No	2000-10-31	2017-08-11
US6793931	No	2004-09-21	2022-07-11
US7294342	No	2007-11-13	2024-05-19

Properties

State

Liquid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
melting point (°C)	-15..2 °C, 258 K, 5 °F	# http://sitem.herts.ac.uk/aeru/footprint/en/Reports/953.htm.
boiling point (°C)	205.3 °C, 478 K, 402 °F	# http://sitem.herts.ac.uk/aeru/footprint/en/Reports/953.htm.
water solubility	33 mg/mL, clear, colorless	# http://www.chemicalbook.com/ProductChemicalPropertiesCB3852587_EN.htm
logP	1.1	# http://sitem.herts.ac.uk/aeru/footprint/en/Reports/953.htm.
pKa	15.4	# http://sitem.herts.ac.uk/aeru/footprint/en/Reports/953.htm.

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	26.8 mg/mL	ALOGPS
logP	1.07	ALOGPS
logP	1.21	Chemaxon
logS	-0.61	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	15.02	Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-2.8	Chemaxon
Physiological Charge	0	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	1	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	1	Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area	20.23 Å²	Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count	1	Chemaxon
Refractivity	32.87 m³·mol^-1	Chemaxon
Polarizability	11.89 Å³	Chemaxon
Number of Rings	1	Chemaxon
Bioavailability	1	Chemaxon
Rule of Five	Yes	Chemaxon
Ghose Filter	No	Chemaxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	Chemaxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	Chemaxon

Predicted ADMET Features

Property	Value	Probability
Human Intestinal Absorption	+	0.9906
Blood Brain Barrier	+	0.9698
Caco-2 permeable	+	0.8859
P-glycoprotein substrate	Non-substrate	0.8373
P-glycoprotein inhibitor I	Non-inhibitor	0.9803
P-glycoprotein inhibitor II	Non-inhibitor	0.9629
Renal organic cation transporter	Non-inhibitor	0.8259
CYP450 2C9 substrate	Non-substrate	0.7995
CYP450 2D6 substrate	Non-substrate	0.9234
CYP450 3A4 substrate	Non-substrate	0.8408
CYP450 1A2 substrate	Inhibitor	0.5434
CYP450 2C9 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9285
CYP450 2D6 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9623
CYP450 2C19 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.7859
CYP450 3A4 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9558
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity	Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity	0.8458
Ames test	Non AMES toxic	0.9645
Carcinogenicity	Non-carcinogens	0.5381
Biodegradation	Ready biodegradable	0.8774
Rat acute toxicity	1.9753 LD50, mol/kg	Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)	Weak inhibitor	0.8998
hERG inhibition (predictor II)	Non-inhibitor	0.9625

ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)

Download (7.19 KB)

Spectra

Spectrum	Spectrum Type	Splash Key
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (1 TMS)	GC-MS	splash10-00ko-6900000000-a9d668ecd37a1579a6fe
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS	Predicted GC-MS	splash10-054o-9200000000-a9f7c0f39c81d478c0d4
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B	GC-MS	splash10-056r-9400000000-77cec715500da9c57a84
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B	GC-MS	splash10-056r-9400000000-8dc38068387df3fa06aa
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B	GC-MS	splash10-056r-9300000000-fb124b56257906cce9f1
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B	GC-MS	splash10-056r-9400000000-7a77e67486ae3b2dd855
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-B	GC-MS	splash10-056r-9400000000-dd0878988e7c2d9a5431
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS	GC-MS	splash10-00ko-6900000000-a9d668ecd37a1579a6fe
GC-MS Spectrum - GC-EI-TOF	GC-MS	splash10-0006-8900000000-c256b0b7a0755f08ac64
Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)	MS	splash10-056r-9400000000-a8f1fd78fa3f8781f296
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, N/A (Annotated)	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0a4i-9500000000-2a82c3dd7c6871f61c34
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, N/A (Annotated)	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9000000000-ad1762d5292c30b29bbd
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, N/A	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9000000000-3c8d4c630cf42e3bfd3f
MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI RMU-7M) , Positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-056r-9400000000-c4dcb2148958f946cd01
MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI RMU-6M) , Positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-056r-9400000000-e17e577dbe4546313a91
MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (JEOL JMS-01-SG-2) , Positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-056r-9300000000-fb124b56257906cce9f1
MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-80) , Positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-056r-9400000000-47b3605316c57e02b84f
MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-80B) , Positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-056r-9400000000-dd0878988e7c2d9a5431
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0a4i-3900000000-4d1bf15f6cf8f65bf0a6
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9000000000-4cef0d66802e59e9ddfc
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0a6r-8900000000-d648082e6bb2d4bc0736
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0006-9000000000-fa2400eebcfb7562d40a
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-004i-9200000000-72dc044d901c3dfcec51
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-014l-9000000000-8fb296960679d807efba
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-004i-9000000000-6b10a1cb91093a4b8eeb
1H NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
1H NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
1H NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
[1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum	2D NMR	Not Applicable

Chromatographic Properties

Collision Cross Sections (CCS)

Adduct	CCS Value (Å²)	Source type	Source
[M-H]-	118.0680568	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-	117.9780568	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-	118.0318568	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-	117.8641568	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-	119.23685	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+	118.2260568	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+	118.7248568	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+	118.3885568	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+	118.3888568	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+H]+	121.85543	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+	118.1308568	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+	117.9773568	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+	118.2113568	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+	118.0858568	predicted	DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M+Na]+	130.26768	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Enzymes

Details1. Cytochrome P450 2C8

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Substrate

General Function: Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name: CYP2C8
Uniprot ID: P10632
Uniprot Name: Cytochrome P450 2C8
Molecular Weight: 55824.275 Da

References

Nakajima T, Wang RS, Elovaara E, Gonzalez FJ, Gelboin HV, Raunio H, Pelkonen O, Vainio H, Aoyama T: Toluene metabolism by cDNA-expressed human hepatic cytochrome P450. Biochem Pharmacol. 1997 Feb 7;53(3):271-7. [Article]
Kim H, Wang RS, Elovaara E, Raunio H, Pelkonen O, Aoyama T, Vainio H, Nakajima T: Cytochrome P450 isozymes responsible for the metabolism of toluene and styrene in human liver microsomes. Xenobiotica. 1997 Jul;27(7):657-65. [Article]

Details2. Cytochrome P450 1A1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Inhibitor

General Function: Vitamin d 24-hydroxylase activity
Specific Function: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name: CYP1A1
Uniprot ID: P04798
Uniprot Name: Cytochrome P450 1A1
Molecular Weight: 58164.815 Da

References

Furman GM, Silverman DM, Schatz RA: Inhibition of rat lung mixed-function oxidase activity following repeated low-level toluene inhalation: possible role of toluene metabolites. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 1998 Aug 21;54(8):633-45. [Article]
Nakajima T, Wang RS, Elovaara E, Gonzalez FJ, Gelboin HV, Raunio H, Pelkonen O, Vainio H, Aoyama T: Toluene metabolism by cDNA-expressed human hepatic cytochrome P450. Biochem Pharmacol. 1997 Feb 7;53(3):271-7. [Article]

Details3. Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Substrate

General Function: Electron carrier activity
Specific Function: Not Available
Gene Name: ALDH2
Uniprot ID: P05091
Uniprot Name: Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
Molecular Weight: 56380.93 Da

References

Kawamoto T, Koga M, Murata K, Matsuda S, Kodama Y: Effects of ALDH2, CYP1A1, and CYP2E1 genetic polymorphisms and smoking and drinking habits on toluene metabolism in humans. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Aug;133(2):295-304. [Article]

Details4. Cytochrome P450 1A2

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Substrate

General Function: Oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
Specific Function: Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
Gene Name: CYP1A2
Uniprot ID: P05177
Uniprot Name: Cytochrome P450 1A2
Molecular Weight: 58293.76 Da

References

Nakajima T, Wang RS, Elovaara E, Gonzalez FJ, Gelboin HV, Raunio H, Pelkonen O, Vainio H, Aoyama T: Toluene metabolism by cDNA-expressed human hepatic cytochrome P450. Biochem Pharmacol. 1997 Feb 7;53(3):271-7. [Article]
Kim H, Wang RS, Elovaara E, Raunio H, Pelkonen O, Aoyama T, Vainio H, Nakajima T: Cytochrome P450 isozymes responsible for the metabolism of toluene and styrene in human liver microsomes. Xenobiotica. 1997 Jul;27(7):657-65. [Article]

Details5. Cytochrome P450 2E1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Substrate

General Function: Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function: Metabolizes several precarcinogens, drugs, and solvents to reactive metabolites. Inactivates a number of drugs and xenobiotics and also bioactivates many xenobiotic substrates to their hepatotoxic ...
Gene Name: CYP2E1
Uniprot ID: P05181
Uniprot Name: Cytochrome P450 2E1
Molecular Weight: 56848.42 Da

References

Nakajima T, Wang RS, Elovaara E, Gonzalez FJ, Gelboin HV, Raunio H, Pelkonen O, Vainio H, Aoyama T: Toluene metabolism by cDNA-expressed human hepatic cytochrome P450. Biochem Pharmacol. 1997 Feb 7;53(3):271-7. [Article]
Lipscomb JC, Barton HA, Tornero-Velez R, Evans MV, Alcasey S, Snawder JE, Laskey J: The metabolic rate constants and specific activity of human and rat hepatic cytochrome P-450 2E1 toward toluene and chloroform. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2004 Apr 9;67(7):537-53. [Article]
Kim H, Wang RS, Elovaara E, Raunio H, Pelkonen O, Aoyama T, Vainio H, Nakajima T: Cytochrome P450 isozymes responsible for the metabolism of toluene and styrene in human liver microsomes. Xenobiotica. 1997 Jul;27(7):657-65. [Article]
Wang RS, Nakajima T, Park SS, Gelboin HV, Murayama N: Monoclonal antibody-directed assessment of toluene induction of rat hepatic cytochrome P450 isozymes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Aug 3;46(3):413-9. [Article]

Details6. Cytochrome P450 2D6

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Substrate

General Function: Steroid hydroxylase activity
Specific Function: Responsible for the metabolism of many drugs and environmental chemicals that it oxidizes. It is involved in the metabolism of drugs such as antiarrhythmics, adrenoceptor antagonists, and tricyclic...
Gene Name: CYP2D6
Uniprot ID: P10635
Uniprot Name: Cytochrome P450 2D6
Molecular Weight: 55768.94 Da

References

Obach RS: Mechanism of cytochrome P4503A4- and 2D6-catalyzed dehydrogenation of ezlopitant as probed with isotope effects using five deuterated analogs. Drug Metab Dispos. 2001 Dec;29(12):1599-607. [Article]

Drug created at September 14, 2010 16:21 / Updated at February 20, 2024 23:55

Benzyl alcohol

Identification

Structure for Benzyl alcohol (DB06770)

Pharmacology

Interactions

Products

Categories

Chemical Identifiers

References

Clinical Trials

Pharmacoeconomics

Properties

Spectra

Collision Cross Sections (CCS)

Enzymes

References

References

References

References

References

References