Identification
- Summary
Dexibuprofen is a pharmacologically active enantiomer of racemic ibuprofen (NSAID) used to treat pain and inflammation.
- Generic Name
- Dexibuprofen
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB09213
- Background
Dexibuprofen, S(+)-ibuprofen, is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is a pharmacologically effective enantiomer of racemic ibuprofen that differs in physicochemical properties. It is proposed to be more pharmacologically active and tolerable with a better safety profile than ibuprofen due to higher concentration of active S enantiomer. Dexibuprofen has a slower dissolution rate in the simulated gastric and enteric juices compared with the racemic ibuprofen and displays improved oral bioavilability 4. For Metabolism, Enzymes, Carriers, Transporters Sections, refer to Ibuprofen.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational
- Structure
Structure for Dexibuprofen (DB09213)
- Weight
- Average: 206.2808
Monoisotopic: 206.13067982 - Chemical Formula
- C13H18O2
- Synonyms
- (+)-(S)-p-isobutylhydratropic acid
- (2S)-2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propanoic acid
- (S)-α-methyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)benzeneacetic acid
- d-ibuproten
- Dexibuprofen
- Dexibuprofeno
Pharmacology
- Indication
For more information, refer to ibuprofen.
Reduce drug development failure ratesBuild, train, & validate machine-learning modelswith evidence-based and structured datasets.Build, train, & validate predictive machine-learning models with structured datasets.- Associated Conditions
Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Used in combination to treat Fever Combination Product in combination with: Acetaminophen (DB00316), Caffeine (DB00201) ••• ••• ••••••• •••••• Treatment of Inflammatory reaction •••••••••••• Used in combination to manage Pain Combination Product in combination with: Butylscopolamine (DB09300) •••••••••••• Treatment of Pain •••••••••••• Used in combination to manage Spasms Combination Product in combination with: Butylscopolamine (DB09300) •••••••••••• - Associated Therapies
- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
For more information, refer to ibuprofen.
- Mechanism of action
Like common NSAIDs, dexibuprofen is an active enantiomer of ibuprofen that suppresses the prostanoid synthesis in the inflammatory cells via inhibition of the COX-2 isoform of the arachidonic acid COX.7 For more information, refer to ibuprofen.
Target Actions Organism AProstaglandin G/H synthase 2 inhibitorHumans UProstaglandin G/H synthase 1 inhibitorHumans UApoptosis regulator Bcl-2 negative modulatorHumans UThrombomodulin modulatorHumans UTissue-type plasminogen activator modulatorHumans UFatty acid-binding protein, intestinal binderHumans UPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activatorHumans UCystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator inhibitorHumans USolute carrier family 15 member 1 Not Available Humans UPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha Not Available Humans UPlatelet glycoprotein Ib alpha chain Not Available Humans UProtein S100-A7 Not Available Humans - Absorption
The time it take to reach peak plasma concentration is 2.25-5 hours post-administration of oral tablets containing 300mg of dexibuprofen.3 For more information, refer to ibuprofen.
- Volume of distribution
For more information, refer to ibuprofen.
- Protein binding
For more information, refer to ibuprofen.
- Metabolism
For more information, refer to ibuprofen.
Hover over products below to view reaction partners
- Route of elimination
Mainly renal excretion. For more information, refer to ibuprofen.
- Half-life
Oral tablets containing 300mg of dexibuprofen results in 2.2-4.7 hours 3. For more information, refer to ibuprofen.
- Clearance
For more information, refer to ibuprofen.
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Oral LD50 value in rats is 636 mg/kg.6 For more information, refer to ibuprofen.
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs Browse all" title="About SNP Mediated Effects/ADRs" id="snp-actions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions Learn More" title="About Drug Interactions" id="structured-interactions-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbacavir Dexibuprofen may decrease the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a higher serum level. Abatacept The metabolism of Dexibuprofen can be increased when combined with Abatacept. Abciximab The risk or severity of bleeding can be increased when Dexibuprofen is combined with Abciximab. Abiraterone The metabolism of Dexibuprofen can be decreased when combined with Abiraterone. Abrocitinib The metabolism of Abrocitinib can be decreased when combined with Dexibuprofen. - Food Interactions
- Not Available
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image SUITROM CAF TABLETA RECUBIERTA Dexibuprofen (100 mg) + Caffeine (30 mg) Tablet, coated Oral COLOMPACK S.A. 2018-08-01 Not applicable Colombia 
SUITROM FEM TABLETA RECUBIERTA Dexibuprofen (200 mg) + Butylscopolamine bromide (20 mg) Tablet, coated Oral COLOMPACK S.A. 2018-08-21 Not applicable Colombia TAFLAX® GRIP Dexibuprofen (200 mg) + Levocetirizine dihydrochloride (2.5 mg) + Phenylephrine hydrochloride (10 mg) Capsule, coated Oral CLARIPACK S.A. 2013-09-18 Not applicable Colombia TAFLAX®FORTE TABLETAS RECUBIERTAS Dexibuprofen (200 mg) + Acetaminophen (250 mg) + Caffeine (65 mg) Tablet, coated Oral 2017-03-17 Not applicable Colombia
Categories
- ATC Codes
- M01AE14 — Dexibuprofen
- Drug Categories
- Acids, Carbocyclic
- Agents causing hyperkalemia
- Agents that produce hypertension
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal (Non-Selective)
- Antiinflammatory and Antirheumatic Products
- Antiinflammatory and Antirheumatic Products, Non-Steroids
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C8 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9 Substrates
- Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
- Musculo-Skeletal System
- Nephrotoxic agents
- Non COX-2 selective NSAIDS
- Phenylpropionates
- Propionates
- UGT1A1 Substrates
- UGT1A3 substrates
- UGT1A9 Substrates
- UGT2B7 substrates
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as phenylpropanoic acids. These are compounds with a structure containing a benzene ring conjugated to a propanoic acid.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Phenylpropanoids and polyketides
- Class
- Phenylpropanoic acids
- Sub Class
- Not Available
- Direct Parent
- Phenylpropanoic acids
- Alternative Parents
- Monocyclic monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids / Phenylpropanes / Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids / Organic oxides / Hydrocarbon derivatives / Carbonyl compounds
- Substituents
- 2-phenylpropanoic-acid / Aromatic homomonocyclic compound / Aromatic monoterpenoid / Benzenoid / Carbonyl group / Carboxylic acid / Carboxylic acid derivative / Hydrocarbon derivative / Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives / Monocyclic benzene moiety
- Molecular Framework
- Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- ibuprofen (CHEBI:43415)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 671DKG7P5S
- CAS number
- 51146-56-6
- InChI Key
- HEFNNWSXXWATRW-JTQLQIEISA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C13H18O2/c1-9(2)8-11-4-6-12(7-5-11)10(3)13(14)15/h4-7,9-10H,8H2,1-3H3,(H,14,15)/t10-/m0/s1
- IUPAC Name
- (2S)-2-[4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl]propanoic acid
- SMILES
- CC(C)CC1=CC=C(C=C1)[C@H](C)C(O)=O
References
- General References
- Hardikar MS: Chiral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs--a review. J Indian Med Assoc. 2008 Sep;106(9):615-8, 622, 624. [Article]
- Yoon JS, Jeong DC, Oh JW, Lee KY, Lee HS, Koh YY, Kim JT, Kang JH, Lee JS: The effects and safety of dexibuprofen compared with ibuprofen in febrile children caused by upper respiratory tract infection. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2008 Dec;66(6):854-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03271.x. [Article]
- Muralidharan S: Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model of newly developed dexibuprofen sustained release formulations. ISRN Pharm. 2012;2012:451481. doi: 10.5402/2012/451481. Epub 2012 Dec 6. [Article]
- Gabard B, Nirnberger G, Schiel H, Mascher H, Kikuta C, Mayer JM: Comparison of the bioavailability of dexibuprofen administered alone or as part of racemic ibuprofen. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1995;48(6):505-11. [Article]
- Derry S, Best J, Moore RA: Single dose oral dexibuprofen [S(+)-ibuprofen] for acute postoperative pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Oct 23;(10):CD007550. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007550.pub3. [Article]
- Gonzalez-Correa JA, Arrebola MM, Martin-Salido E, Munoz-Marin J, de la Cuesta FS, De La Cruz JP: Effects of dexibuprofen on platelet function in humans: comparison with low-dose aspirin. Anesthesiology. 2007 Feb;106(2):218-25. [Article]
- 26. (2012). In Rang and Dale's Pharmacology (7th ed., pp. 318-323). Edinburgh: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. [ISBN:978-0-7020-3471-8]
- INVIMA Summary of Product Characteristics: Suitrom Caf (dexibuprofen/caffeine) oral tablets [Link]
- External Links
- KEGG Drug
- D03715
- PubChem Compound
- 39912
- PubChem Substance
- 310265120
- ChemSpider
- 36498
- BindingDB
- 50169047
- ChEBI
- 43415
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL175
- ZINC
- ZINC000000002647
- PharmGKB
- PA166049174
- PDBe Ligand
- IBP
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Dexibuprofen
- PDB Entries
- 1eqg / 2bxg / 2pws / 2wd9 / 3ib2 / 3p6h / 4jtr / 4ph9 / 4rs0 / 5jqb … show 4 more
- MSDS
- Download (44.8 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Completed Treatment Osteoarthritis of the Knee or Hip 1 3 Completed Treatment Fever / Respiratory Tract Infections (RTI) 1 1 Completed Other Healthy Subjects (HS) 1 1 Completed Treatment Healthy Subjects (HS) 1 Not Available Completed Treatment Osteoarthritis of the Knee 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Not Available
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Tablet, film coated Oral Tablet Oral 300 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 200 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 300 mg Tablet, film coated Oral 400 mg Tablet, coated Oral 400 mg Suspension Oral 1 g Granule, for suspension Oral 200 MG Granule, for suspension Oral 300 MG Granule, for suspension Oral 400 MG Tablet, film coated Oral 600 MG Granule, for solution Oral 12.5 MG Powder, for suspension Oral Powder, for suspension Oral 200 MG Powder, for suspension Oral 300 MG Powder, for suspension Oral 400 MG Tablet, coated Oral 300 mg Tablet, coated Oral 100 mg Capsule, coated Oral Tablet, coated Oral 200 mg Tablet, coated Oral Tablet, film coated Oral 100 mg - Prices
- Not Available
- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 49-53 MSDS water solubility Insoluble MSDS - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.0684 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 3.5 ALOGPS logP 3.84 Chemaxon logS -3.5 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 4.85 Chemaxon Physiological Charge -1 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 2 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 1 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 37.3 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 4 Chemaxon Refractivity 60.73 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 23.81 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 1 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter Yes Chemaxon Veber's Rule Yes Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Not Available
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 152.14226 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 154.53783 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 160.45035 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
Build, predict & validate machine-learning models
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock newinsights and accelerate drug research.
Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock new insights and accelerate drug research.
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Yes
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity
- Specific Function
- Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Constitutively expressed in some tissues in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and...
- Gene Name
- PTGS2
- Uniprot ID
- P35354
- Uniprot Name
- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2
- Molecular Weight
- 68995.625 Da
References
- Ashraf Z, Alamgeer, Rasool R, Hassan M, Ahsan H, Afzal S, Afzal K, Cho H, Kim SJ: Synthesis, Bioevaluation and Molecular Dynamic Simulation Studies of Dexibuprofen-Antioxidant Mutual Prodrugs. Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Dec 21;17(12). pii: E2151. doi: 10.3390/ijms17122151. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase activity
- Specific Function
- Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Involved in the constitutive production of prostanoids in particular in the stomach and platelets. In gas...
- Gene Name
- PTGS1
- Uniprot ID
- P23219
- Uniprot Name
- Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1
- Molecular Weight
- 68685.82 Da
References
- Ashraf Z, Alamgeer, Rasool R, Hassan M, Ahsan H, Afzal S, Afzal K, Cho H, Kim SJ: Synthesis, Bioevaluation and Molecular Dynamic Simulation Studies of Dexibuprofen-Antioxidant Mutual Prodrugs. Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Dec 21;17(12). pii: E2151. doi: 10.3390/ijms17122151. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Negative modulator
- General Function
- Ubiquitin protein ligase binding
- Specific Function
- Suppresses apoptosis in a variety of cell systems including factor-dependent lymphohematopoietic and neural cells. Regulates cell death by controlling the mitochondrial membrane permeability. Appea...
- Gene Name
- BCL2
- Uniprot ID
- P10415
- Uniprot Name
- Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2
- Molecular Weight
- 26265.66 Da
References
- Palayoor ST, J-Aryankalayil M, Makinde AY, Cerna D, Falduto MT, Magnuson SR, Coleman CN: Gene expression profile of coronary artery cells treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reveals off-target effects. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2012 Jun;59(6):487-99. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e31824ba6b5. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Modulator
- General Function
- Transmembrane signaling receptor activity
- Specific Function
- Thrombomodulin is a specific endothelial cell receptor that forms a 1:1 stoichiometric complex with thrombin. This complex is responsible for the conversion of protein C to the activated protein C ...
- Gene Name
- THBD
- Uniprot ID
- P07204
- Uniprot Name
- Thrombomodulin
- Molecular Weight
- 60328.72 Da
References
- Palayoor ST, J-Aryankalayil M, Makinde AY, Cerna D, Falduto MT, Magnuson SR, Coleman CN: Gene expression profile of coronary artery cells treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reveals off-target effects. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2012 Jun;59(6):487-99. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e31824ba6b5. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Modulator
- General Function
- Serine-type endopeptidase activity
- Specific Function
- Converts the abundant, but inactive, zymogen plasminogen to plasmin by hydrolyzing a single Arg-Val bond in plasminogen. By controlling plasmin-mediated proteolysis, it plays an important role in t...
- Gene Name
- PLAT
- Uniprot ID
- P00750
- Uniprot Name
- Tissue-type plasminogen activator
- Molecular Weight
- 62916.495 Da
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Binder
- General Function
- Transporter activity
- Specific Function
- FABP are thought to play a role in the intracellular transport of long-chain fatty acids and their acyl-CoA esters. FABP2 is probably involved in triglyceride-rich lipoprotein synthesis. Binds satu...
- Gene Name
- FABP2
- Uniprot ID
- P12104
- Uniprot Name
- Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal
- Molecular Weight
- 15207.165 Da
References
- Velkov T, Chuang S, Wielens J, Sakellaris H, Charman WN, Porter CJ, Scanlon MJ: The interaction of lipophilic drugs with intestinal fatty acid-binding protein. J Biol Chem. 2005 May 6;280(18):17769-76. Epub 2005 Feb 18. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Activator
- General Function
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function
- Nuclear receptor that binds peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Once activated by a ligand, the nuclear receptor binds to DNA specific PPAR response elements (PPRE...
- Gene Name
- PPARG
- Uniprot ID
- P37231
- Uniprot Name
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
- Molecular Weight
- 57619.58 Da
References
- Dill J, Patel AR, Yang XL, Bachoo R, Powell CM, Li S: A molecular mechanism for ibuprofen-mediated RhoA inhibition in neurons. J Neurosci. 2010 Jan 20;30(3):963-72. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5045-09.2010. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Pdz domain binding
- Specific Function
- Involved in the transport of chloride ions. May regulate bicarbonate secretion and salvage in epithelial cells by regulating the SLC4A7 transporter. Can inhibit the chloride channel activity of ANO...
- Gene Name
- CFTR
- Uniprot ID
- P13569
- Uniprot Name
- Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
- Molecular Weight
- 168139.895 Da
References
- Devor DC, Schultz BD: Ibuprofen inhibits cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-mediated Cl- secretion. J Clin Invest. 1998 Aug 15;102(4):679-87. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Proton-dependent oligopeptide secondary active transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Proton-coupled intake of oligopeptides of 2 to 4 amino acids with a preference for dipeptides. May constitute a major route for the absorption of protein digestion end-products.
- Gene Name
- SLC15A1
- Uniprot ID
- P46059
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 15 member 1
- Molecular Weight
- 78805.265 Da
References
- Omkvist DH, Trangbaek DJ, Mildon J, Paine JS, Brodin B, Begtrup M, Nielsen CU: Affinity and translocation relationships via hPEPT1 of H-X aa-Ser-OH dipeptides: evaluation of H-Phe-Ser-OH as a pro-moiety for ibuprofen and benzoic acid prodrugs. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2011 Feb;77(2):327-31. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.12.009. Epub 2010 Dec 13. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function
- Ligand-activated transcription factor. Key regulator of lipid metabolism. Activated by the endogenous ligand 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (16:0/18:1-GPC). Activated by oleyleth...
- Gene Name
- PPARA
- Uniprot ID
- Q07869
- Uniprot Name
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha
- Molecular Weight
- 52224.595 Da
References
- Lehmann JM, Lenhard JM, Oliver BB, Ringold GM, Kliewer SA: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma are activated by indomethacin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Biol Chem. 1997 Feb 7;272(6):3406-10. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Thrombin receptor activity
- Specific Function
- GP-Ib, a surface membrane protein of platelets, participates in the formation of platelet plugs by binding to the A1 domain of vWF, which is already bound to the subendothelium.
- Gene Name
- GP1BA
- Uniprot ID
- P07359
- Uniprot Name
- Platelet glycoprotein Ib alpha chain
- Molecular Weight
- 71539.265 Da
References
- Palayoor ST, J-Aryankalayil M, Makinde AY, Cerna D, Falduto MT, Magnuson SR, Coleman CN: Gene expression profile of coronary artery cells treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reveals off-target effects. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2012 Jun;59(6):487-99. doi: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e31824ba6b5. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Zinc ion binding
- Specific Function
- Not Available
- Gene Name
- S100A7
- Uniprot ID
- P31151
- Uniprot Name
- Protein S100-A7
- Molecular Weight
- 11470.87 Da
References
- Fujiwara R, Takenaka S, Hashimoto M, Narawa T, Itoh T: Expression of human solute carrier family transporters in skin: possible contributor to drug-induced skin disorders. Sci Rep. 2014 Jun 11;4:5251. doi: 10.1038/srep05251. [Article]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C8
- Uniprot ID
- P10632
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C8
- Molecular Weight
- 55824.275 Da
References
- Yu L, Shi D, Ma L, Zhou Q, Zeng S: Influence of CYP2C8 polymorphisms on the hydroxylation metabolism of paclitaxel, repaglinide and ibuprofen enantiomers in vitro. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 2013 Jul;34(5):278-87. doi: 10.1002/bdd.1842. Epub 2013 Jun 3. [Article]
- Garcia-Martin E, Martinez C, Tabares B, Frias J, Agundez JA: Interindividual variability in ibuprofen pharmacokinetics is related to interaction of cytochrome P450 2C8 and 2C9 amino acid polymorphisms. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2004 Aug;76(2):119-27. doi: 10.1016/j.clpt.2004.04.006. [Article]
- Chang SY, Li W, Traeger SC, Wang B, Cui D, Zhang H, Wen B, Rodrigues AD: Confirmation that cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) plays a minor role in (S)-(+)- and (R)-(-)-ibuprofen hydroxylation in vitro. Drug Metab Dispos. 2008 Dec;36(12):2513-22. doi: 10.1124/dmd.108.022970. Epub 2008 Sep 11. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally un...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C9
- Uniprot ID
- P11712
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C9
- Molecular Weight
- 55627.365 Da
References
- Mo SL, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Wei MQ, Zhou SF: New insights into the structural features and functional relevance of human cytochrome P450 2C9. Part I. Curr Drug Metab. 2009 Dec;10(10):1075-126. [Article]
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
- Carlile DJ, Hakooz N, Bayliss MK, Houston JB: Microsomal prediction of in vivo clearance of CYP2C9 substrates in humans. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Jun;47(6):625-35. [Article]
- Flockhart Table of Drug Interactions [Link]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid binding
- Specific Function
- UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform glucuronidates bilirubin IX-alpha to form both the...
- Gene Name
- UGT1A1
- Uniprot ID
- P22309
- Uniprot Name
- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-1
- Molecular Weight
- 59590.91 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Retinoic acid binding
- Specific Function
- UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. Isoform 2 lacks transferase activity but acts as a negative reg...
- Gene Name
- UGT1A3
- Uniprot ID
- P35503
- Uniprot Name
- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-3
- Molecular Weight
- 60337.835 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Retinoic acid binding
- Specific Function
- UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isoform has specificity for phenols. Isoform 2 lacks trans...
- Gene Name
- UGT1A9
- Uniprot ID
- O60656
- Uniprot Name
- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-9
- Molecular Weight
- 59940.495 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Glucuronosyltransferase activity
- Specific Function
- UDPGTs are of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. This isozyme is active on polyhydroxylated estrogens (such as...
- Gene Name
- UGT2B4
- Uniprot ID
- P06133
- Uniprot Name
- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B4
- Molecular Weight
- 60512.035 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Steroid hydroxylase activity
- Specific Function
- Responsible for the metabolism of a number of therapeutic agents such as the anticonvulsant drug S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, proguanil, certain barbiturates, diazepam, propranolol, citalopram and im...
- Gene Name
- CYP2C19
- Uniprot ID
- P33261
- Uniprot Name
- Cytochrome P450 2C19
- Molecular Weight
- 55930.545 Da
References
- Chang SY, Li W, Traeger SC, Wang B, Cui D, Zhang H, Wen B, Rodrigues AD: Confirmation that cytochrome P450 2C8 (CYP2C8) plays a minor role in (S)-(+)- and (R)-(-)-ibuprofen hydroxylation in vitro. Drug Metab Dispos. 2008 Dec;36(12):2513-22. doi: 10.1124/dmd.108.022970. Epub 2008 Sep 11. [Article]
- Mazaleuskaya LL, Theken KN, Gong L, Thorn CF, FitzGerald GA, Altman RB, Klein TE: PharmGKB summary: ibuprofen pathways. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2015 Feb;25(2):96-106. doi: 10.1097/FPC.0000000000000113. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Not Available
- Specific Function
- Catalytic activity
- Gene Name
- AMACR
- Uniprot ID
- D6RB81
- Uniprot Name
- Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase
- Molecular Weight
- 40674.37 Da
References
- Rainsford KD: Ibuprofen: pharmacology, efficacy and safety. Inflammopharmacology. 2009 Dec;17(6):275-342. doi: 10.1007/s10787-009-0016-x. Epub 2009 Nov 21. [Article]
- Lloyd MD, Yevglevskis M, Lee GL, Wood PJ, Threadgill MD, Woodman TJ: alpha-Methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR): metabolic enzyme, drug metabolizer and cancer marker P504S. Prog Lipid Res. 2013 Apr;52(2):220-30. doi: 10.1016/j.plipres.2013.01.001. Epub 2013 Jan 29. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Glucuronosyltransferase activity
- Specific Function
- UDPGT is of major importance in the conjugation and subsequent elimination of potentially toxic xenobiotics and endogenous compounds.Its unique specificity for 3,4-catechol estrogens and estriol su...
- Gene Name
- UGT2B7
- Uniprot ID
- P16662
- Uniprot Name
- UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7
- Molecular Weight
- 60694.12 Da
References
- Zhou SF, Zhou ZW, Yang LP, Cai JP: Substrates, inducers, inhibitors and structure-activity relationships of human Cytochrome P450 2C9 and implications in drug development. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(27):3480-675. Epub 2009 Sep 1. [Article]
Carriers
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- General Function
- Toxic substance binding
- Specific Function
- Serum albumin, the main protein of plasma, has a good binding capacity for water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloid...
- Gene Name
- ALB
- Uniprot ID
- P02768
- Uniprot Name
- Serum albumin
- Molecular Weight
- 69365.94 Da
References
- Yamasaki K, Rahman MH, Tsutsumi Y, Maruyama T, Ahmed S, Kragh-Hansen U, Otagiri M: Circular dichroism simulation shows a site-II-to-site-I displacement of human serum albumin-bound diclofenac by ibuprofen. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2000 May 14;1(2):E12. [Article]
- Galantini L, Leggio C, Konarev PV, Pavel NV: Human serum albumin binding ibuprofen: a 3D description of the unfolding pathway in urea. Biophys Chem. 2010 Apr;147(3):111-22. doi: 10.1016/j.bpc.2010.01.002. Epub 2010 Jan 18. [Article]
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Atpase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances
- Specific Function
- May be an organic anion pump relevant to cellular detoxification.
- Gene Name
- ABCC4
- Uniprot ID
- O15439
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4
- Molecular Weight
- 149525.33 Da
References
- Reid G, Wielinga P, Zelcer N, van der Heijden I, Kuil A, de Haas M, Wijnholds J, Borst P: The human multidrug resistance protein MRP4 functions as a prostaglandin efflux transporter and is inhibited by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 5;100(16):9244-9. Epub 2003 Jun 30. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates export of organic anions and drugs from the cytoplasm. Mediates ATP-dependent transport of glutathione and glutathione conjugates, leukotriene C4, estradiol-17-beta-o-glucuronide, methotre...
- Gene Name
- ABCC1
- Uniprot ID
- P33527
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1
- Molecular Weight
- 171589.5 Da
References
- Reid G, Wielinga P, Zelcer N, van der Heijden I, Kuil A, de Haas M, Wijnholds J, Borst P: The human multidrug resistance protein MRP4 functions as a prostaglandin efflux transporter and is inhibited by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 5;100(16):9244-9. Epub 2003 Jun 30. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as sulfobromophthalein (BSP) and conjugated (taurocholate) and unconjugated (cholate) bile acids (By similarity). Selectively inhibit...
- Gene Name
- SLCO1A2
- Uniprot ID
- P46721
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2
- Molecular Weight
- 74144.105 Da
References
- Shitara Y, Sugiyama D, Kusuhara H, Kato Y, Abe T, Meier PJ, Itoh T, Sugiyama Y: Comparative inhibitory effects of different compounds on rat oatpl (slc21a1)- and Oatp2 (Slc21a5)-mediated transport. Pharm Res. 2002 Feb;19(2):147-53. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Involved in the renal elimination of endogenous and exogenous organic anions. Functions as organic anion exchanger when the uptake of one molecule of organic anion is coupled with an efflux of one ...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A6
- Uniprot ID
- Q4U2R8
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 6
- Molecular Weight
- 61815.78 Da
References
- Mulato AS, Ho ES, Cihlar T: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs efficiently reduce the transport and cytotoxicity of adefovir mediated by the human renal organic anion transporter 1. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Oct;295(1):10-5. [Article]
- Takeda M, Khamdang S, Narikawa S, Kimura H, Hosoyamada M, Cha SH, Sekine T, Endou H: Characterization of methotrexate transport and its drug interactions with human organic anion transporters. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Aug;302(2):666-71. [Article]
- Uwai Y, Saito H, Inui K: Interaction between methotrexate and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in organic anion transporter. Eur J Pharmacol. 2000 Dec 1;409(1):31-6. [Article]
- Apiwattanakul N, Sekine T, Chairoungdua A, Kanai Y, Nakajima N, Sophasan S, Endou H: Transport properties of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs by organic anion transporter 1 expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Mol Pharmacol. 1999 May;55(5):847-54. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Plays an important role in the excretion/detoxification of endogenous and exogenous organic anions, especially from the brain and kidney. Involved in the transport basolateral of steviol, fexofenad...
- Gene Name
- SLC22A8
- Uniprot ID
- Q8TCC7
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 8
- Molecular Weight
- 59855.585 Da
References
- Cha SH, Sekine T, Fukushima JI, Kanai Y, Kobayashi Y, Goya T, Endou H: Identification and characterization of human organic anion transporter 3 expressing predominantly in the kidney. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 May;59(5):1277-86. [Article]
- Takeda M, Khamdang S, Narikawa S, Kimura H, Hosoyamada M, Cha SH, Sekine T, Endou H: Characterization of methotrexate transport and its drug interactions with human organic anion transporters. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Aug;302(2):666-71. [Article]
- Kobayashi Y, Ohshiro N, Tsuchiya A, Kohyama N, Ohbayashi M, Yamamoto T: Renal transport of organic compounds mediated by mouse organic anion transporter 3 (mOat3): further substrate specificity of mOat3. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 May;32(5):479-83. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates saturable uptake of estrone sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and related compounds.
- Gene Name
- SLC22A11
- Uniprot ID
- Q9NSA0
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier family 22 member 11
- Molecular Weight
- 59970.945 Da
References
- Takeda M, Khamdang S, Narikawa S, Kimura H, Hosoyamada M, Cha SH, Sekine T, Endou H: Characterization of methotrexate transport and its drug interactions with human organic anion transporters. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2002 Aug;302(2):666-71. [Article]
- Cha SH, Sekine T, Kusuhara H, Yu E, Kim JY, Kim DK, Sugiyama Y, Kanai Y, Endou H: Molecular cloning and characterization of multispecific organic anion transporter 4 expressed in the placenta. J Biol Chem. 2000 Feb 11;275(6):4507-12. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Mediates the Na(+)-independent transport of organic anions such as taurocholate, the prostaglandins PGD2, PGE1, PGE2, leukotriene C4, thromboxane B2 and iloprost.
- Gene Name
- SLCO2B1
- Uniprot ID
- O94956
- Uniprot Name
- Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1
- Molecular Weight
- 76709.98 Da
References
- Satoh H, Yamashita F, Tsujimoto M, Murakami H, Koyabu N, Ohtani H, Sawada Y: Citrus juices inhibit the function of human organic anion-transporting polypeptide OATP-B. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Apr;33(4):518-23. Epub 2005 Jan 7. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Xenobiotic-transporting atpase activity
- Specific Function
- Energy-dependent efflux pump responsible for decreased drug accumulation in multidrug-resistant cells.
- Gene Name
- ABCB1
- Uniprot ID
- P08183
- Uniprot Name
- Multidrug resistance protein 1
- Molecular Weight
- 141477.255 Da
References
- Faassen F, Vogel G, Spanings H, Vromans H: Caco-2 permeability, P-glycoprotein transport ratios and brain penetration of heterocyclic drugs. Int J Pharm. 2003 Sep 16;263(1-2):113-22. [Article]
Drug created at October 21, 2015 15:53 / Updated at May 07, 2021 21:06