Potassium

Identification

Summary

Potassium is a medication used to treat hypokalemic conditions and to clear the colon prior to colonoscopy.

Generic Name

Potassium

DrugBank Accession Number

DB14500

Background

Potassium is an essential nutrient, like Calcium and Magnesium. It was identified as a shortfall nutrient by the 2015-2020 Advisory Committee of Dietary Guidelines for Americans.⁹ Many conditions and diseases interfere with normal body potassium balance, and underconsumption of potassium is one example. Hypokalemia (low potassium) or hyperkalemia (high potassium) may result, manifesting as various signs and symptoms. Some examples of potassium-related complications include life-threatening arrhythmia, neuromuscular dysfunction, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting.^2,6,12

Various pharmacological preparations have been formulated to replenish potassium. They are available in an assortment of tablet, injection, and other forms, depending on the setting and condition being treated. Potassium is often a key ingredient for intravenous fluids, given to patients in clinical settings for rehydration, nutrition, and replenishment of electrolytes. Examples of potassium formulations include potassium citrate, potassium chloride, and potassium with dextrose and sodium chloride.^13,14,15,16

Type

Small Molecule

Groups

Approved, Experimental

Structure

Similar Structures

Weight: Average: 39.0983
Monoisotopic: 38.963706861
Chemical Formula: K

Synonyms

K
Kalium
Potasio
Potassium metal
Potassium, elemental
Potassium, metal

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Pharmacology

Indication

General uses of potassium

Potassium is indicated to treat a variety of conditions. Firstly, it used to replenish potassium that has been depleted by conditions including but not limited to malabsorption, decreased intake, or excess sodium intake. The causes of potassium deficiency are numerous. The following indications for potassium are not comprehensive, but include the main indications for which this nutrient is used. Various products and preparations contain potassium.

Potassium chloride

Potassium chloride is one of the main preparations of potassium used in a clinical setting. The oral solution is indicated for the prevention and treatment of hypokalemia presenting with or without metabolic alkalosis, in patients who have failed conservative management with potassium-rich foods or diuretic dose titrations.¹³ The injection form of potassium chloride is indicated to replenish potassium in patients who are not feasible candidates for oral potassium. Highly concentrated potassium is intended for the treatment of potassium deficiency in fluid restricted individuals who cannot tolerate fluid volumes normally associated with injected potassium solutions that contain lower concentrations.¹⁷ Finally, the extended-release tablet preparation of potassium chloride is used to treat hypokalemia with or without metabolic alkalosis, to treat digitalis intoxication, and to manage patients with hypokalemic familial periodic paralysis. It is also used in the prevention of hypokalemia in those who are at a high risk of negative clinical outcomes if hypokalemia occurs; patients on digitalis or those with cardiac arrhythmias would be at particular risk of negative outcomes.¹⁸

Potassium chloride with dextrose and sodium chloride

This liquid preparation is is indicated in a clinical setting as a source of water, calories and electrolytes.¹⁴ Potassium acetate solution is meant as an alternative to potassium chloride, replenishing potassium and added to large volume infusion fluids for intravenous injection.¹⁶

Potassium citrate

The potassium citrate preparation is used for the management of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) with calcium stones (nephrolithiasis); calcium oxalate stones by any cause, and uric acid nephrolithiasis (with or without calcium stones). This regimen also includes adequate water intake (leading to a urine out put of 2 L/day or more) and sodium restriction.¹⁵

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Associated Conditions

Indication Type	Indication	Combined Product Details	Approval Level	Dose Form
Used in combination to maintain	Caloric intake	Combination Product in combination with: Sodium chloride (DB09153), Dextrose, unspecified form (DB09341)	••••••••••••	•••••••••
Used in combination to maintain	Electrolyte and fluid balance conditions	Combination Product in combination with: Sodium chloride (DB09153), Dextrose, unspecified form (DB09341)	••••••••••••	•••••••••
Used as adjunct in combination to maintain	Hydration	Combination Product in combination with: Sodium chloride (DB09153), Dextrose, unspecified form (DB09341)	••••••••••••	•••••••••
Treatment of	Hypokalemia		••••••••••••	•••••••••
Treatment of	Hypokalemia		••••••••••••	••••••••

Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings

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Pharmacodynamics

Potassium maintains an electrolyte gradient on cell surfaces, keeping at specific concentrations inside and outside of the cell; this impacts fluid and electrolyte balance, nerve transmission, muscle contraction, as well as cardiac and kidney function. Clinical evidence has associated potassium intake with lower blood pressure in adults, reducing the risk stroke and heart disease. Dietary potassium may exert beneficial effects on bone loss in the elderly and kidney stones. Consumption of white vegetables, which are normally high in potassium, is associated with a lower risk of stroke.⁹

A note on gastrointestinal lesions

Potassium in solid oral preparations (for example, tablets) can cause ulcerative or stenotic lesions in the esophagus and stomach. Use diluted liquid potassium preparations or injection preparations if there are concerns about gastrointestinal health.¹³

Mechanism of action

Potassium ion is the primary intracellular cation found in virtually all body tissues.¹⁸ The total amount of body potassium in adults is estimated at 45 millimole (mmol)/kg body weight (about 140 g for an adult weighing 175 pounds; 1 mmol = 1 milliequivalent or 39.1 mg of potassium). Potassium mainly stays in cells, and a small amount can be found in the extracellular fluid. The amount of potassium that stays in the cell (intracellular) is 30 times that of extracellular concentration, creating a transmembrane gradient, regulated by the sodium-potassium (Na+/K+) ATPase transporter. This is an important gradient for nerve conduction, muscle contractions, and renal function.¹² Vomiting, diarrhea, renal disease, medications, and other conditions that alter potassium excretion or shift it inside or outside of cells. In healthy patients individuals with normal renal function, markedly high or low potassium levels are rare.¹²

Effect on blood pressure

Potassium decreases reduces intravascular volume, by reducing sodium reabsorption through an increase in urinary sodium excretion. This short-term effect, however, does not explain the long-term effects of potassium on blood pressure. Increased plasma potassium levels that occur through intake are associated with vasodilation occurring via stimulation of the sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase pump (Na+/-K+ATPase) and opening of potassium channels of the sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase pump. Other possible mechanisms of action for potassium may include alterations in barroreflex sensitivity and hormone sensitivity in vascular smooth muscle and cells of the sympathetic nervous system.¹

Effect on electrolyte balance and body systems

The potassium gradient across the membrane of a cell regulates cell membrane potential, maintained predominantly by the sodium-potassium (Na+/-K+ ATPase pump). Transmembrane electro-chemical gradients encourage diffusion of Na+ extracellularly and K+ intracellularly. Potassium supplementation prevents hypokalemia to maintain this balance and is often used in an oral solution or injection form in the clinical setting, preventing harmful effects such as arrhythmias, abnormal muscle function, and neurological disturbances.¹ When activated, the Na+/-K+ ATPase pump exchanges two extracellular K+ ions for three intracellular sodium (Na+) ions, impacting membrane potential via either excitation or inhibition. This is especially important in the homeostasis of the nervous system, kidney, and cardiac muscle tissue. The body and cell distributions of potassium in normal conditions are known as internal and external balance, respectively.² Reduced serum potassium (or imbalance) increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmia, heart failure and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).³

Target	Actions	Organism
USodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1	regulator	Humans

Absorption

When taken orally from a dietary source, potassium is mainly absorbed via passive diffusion in the small intestine. Approximately 90% of potassium is absorbed, and maintains concentrations both inside and outside cells.¹² The kidneys can adapt to variable potassium intake in healthy individuals, but a minimum of 5 mmol (about 195 mg) dietary potassium is measured to be excreted in the urine.¹²

Some studies have measured the absorption various forms of potassium from dietary supplements. Results from a clinical trial in 2016 showed that potassium gluconate supplements are 94% absorbed, which is similar to the absorption rate from potatoes. An older study advised that liquid forms of potassium are absorbed a few hours post-administration. Enteric coated tablets of potassium chloride are not absorbed as rapidly as liquid forms, due to their delayed release design.¹²

Volume of distribution

Potassium is present in almost all body tissues.^1,2 Approximately 98% of potassium is maintained intracellularly in muscular tissue, the liver, and red blood cells. The remainder is distributed extracellularly.¹⁰

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism

Potassium is absorbed and excreted in unchanged form.^10,12

Route of elimination

Potassium is excreted primarily in the urine, excreted in small amounts in the stool, and negligibly in perspiration (sweat). The renal system regulates potassium excretion according to dietary intake. Potassium excretion rises quickly in healthy patients after ingestion unless body stores have been depleted.¹² Potassium undergoes glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and distal tubular secretion. Renal clearance of potassium shifts between net tubular secretion and reabsorption, depending on the clinical circumstances.¹⁰

Half-life

In one clinical study, the apparent half-life of oral potassium was between 1.6 and 14 hours.¹⁰ A radio tracer study determined that the biological half-life of radiolabeled potassium ranges from 10 to 28 days.¹¹

Clearance

Potassium is freely filtered in the kidney with most of an ingested amount being reabsorbed into the circulation (70%–80%) by the proximal tubule and loop of Henle. Secretion of potassium by the distal nephron in the kidney varies and dependent on the intracellular potassium concentration, luminal potassium concentration concentration, in addition to cellular permeability.²

Adverse Effects

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Toxicity

The oral LD50 of potassium chloride in rats is 2600 mg/kg.^MSDS

Overdose information

An overdose of potassium may result in hyperkalemia, and in some cases, death due to various causes. Signs and symptoms of an overdose of potassium are mainly cardiovascular, neurological and musculoskeletal in nature. Arrhythmia, changes in cardiac conduction, including astystole, bradycardia, heart block, ventral fibrillation, and ventricular tachycardia may occur. In addition, hypotension may also occur along with cardiac ECG changes. Muscular weakness and respiratory muscle paralysis may occur, in addition to paresthesia. In case of an overdose, discontinue potassium administration, reduce the dose, and monitor fluid levels and electrolyte concentrations in addition to acid-base balance. Corrective therapy, such as insulin administration or potassium binding drugs, may be required. Offer supportive care and resuscitation as deemed necessary.^7,8,18

Important note regarding hyperkalemia

Normally, hyperkalemia is asymptomatic and only detected by laboratory testing (at values of 6.5-8.0 mEq/L) and ECG changes (peaked T- waves, lost P-waves, ST depression, and a prolonged QT interval). Muscle paralysis and cardiac arrest may occur in the advanced stages of hyperkalemia, at potassium concentrations of 9-12 mEq/L.¹⁸

Pathways

Not Available

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Interactions

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This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.

Drug	Interaction
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Abacavir	Potassium may increase the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy.
Acebutolol	Potassium may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Acebutolol.
Aceclofenac	Potassium may increase the excretion rate of Aceclofenac which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy.
Acemetacin	The therapeutic efficacy of Potassium can be decreased when used in combination with Acemetacin.
Acetaminophen	Potassium may increase the excretion rate of Acetaminophen which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy.

Food Interactions

No interactions found.

Products

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Over the Counter Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
Complexed Potassium Tablets - 99mg	Tablet	99 mg	Oral	Albion	1996-09-06	2002-07-12
Port A Mins Super Potassium 99	Tablet	99 mg / tab	Oral	Great Earth Companies, Inc.	1998-08-25	2002-10-02
Potassium 250	Capsule	250 mg	Oral	Seroyal International Inc.	1997-12-12	2009-07-06

Mixture Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End
24 Multivitamins + Minerals	Potassium (15 mg) + Ascorbic acid (150 mg) + Beta carotene (10000 unit) + Biotin (25 mcg) + Calcium (130 mg) + Cholecalciferol (400 unit) + Choline bitartrate (25 mg) + Chromium (20 mcg) + Copper (1 mg) + Cyanocobalamin (25 mcg) + Ferrous fumarate (15 mg) + Folic acid (.8 mg) + Inositol (25 mg) + Magnesium (65 mg) + Manganese (2 mg) + Molybdenum (20 mcg) + Niacin (25 mg) + Calcium pantothenate (25 mg) + Potassium Iodide (.1 mg) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (25 mg) + Racemethionine (25 mg) + Riboflavin (25 mg) + Selenium (20 mcg) + Thiamine hydrochloride (25 mg) + Vanadium (20 mcg) + Vitamin A palmitate (5000 unit) + Vitamin E (50 unit) + Zinc (10 mg)	Tablet	Oral	Stanley Pharmaceuticals, A Division Of Vita Health Products Inc.	1997-04-30	2002-07-31
Adult Formula 50+	Potassium (37.5 mg) + Ascorbic acid (120 mg) + Beta carotene (3000 unit) + Biotin (30 mcg) + Calcium (220 mg) + Cholecalciferol (400 unit) + Chromium (10 mcg) + Copper (2 mg) + Cyanocobalamin (25 mcg) + Folic acid (0.4 mg) + Iodine (0.15 mg) + Magnesium (100 mg) + Manganese (2.5 mg) + Molybdenum (10 mcg) + Nicotinamide (20 mg) + Calcium pantothenate (20 mg) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (6 mg) + Riboflavin (3.4 mg) + Selenium (10 mcg) + Thiamine hydrochloride (4.5 mg) + Vitamin A palmitate (3000 unit) + Zinc (15 mg) + alpha-Tocopherol acetate (60 unit)	Tablet	Oral	Wn Pharmaceuticals Ltd.	2002-04-25	2009-09-28
Advanced B & T Formula	Potassium (16.67 mg) + Ascorbic acid (33.3 mg) + Calcium (200 mg) + Chromium (33.33 mcg) + Copper (0.5 mg) + Cyanocobalamin (6.67 mcg) + Folic acid (0.133 mg) + Iron (1.67 mg) + Magnesium (83.3 mg) + Manganese (3.33 mg) + Nicotinamide (6.67 mg) + Calcium pantothenate (5 mg) + Phosphorus (100 mg) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (6.67 mg) + Riboflavin (2.67 mg) + Selenium (33.33 mcg) + Silicon (0.333 mg) + Sodium molybdate (16.67 mcg) + Thiamine (2.67 mg) + Vanadium (8.33 mg) + Vitamin D (66.67 unit) + Zinc (5 mg)	Capsule	Oral	Nutraceutical Corporation	Not applicable	Not applicable
Alphaligo	Potassium (112.5 mg) + Cyanocobalamin (10 mcg) + Magnesium (119 mg) + Manganese (4.5 mg) + Sodium phosphate, monobasic (125 mg)	Tablet	Oral	Clinique Lafontaine Inc, Division Les Importations Ortho	1998-03-06	2008-08-07
Aqua-S Supplement	Potassium (20 mg / tab) + Pyridoxine hydrochloride (4 mg / tab)	Tablet	Oral	Garden State Nutritionals	Not applicable	Not applicable

Unapproved/Other Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Purigo	Potassium (9.3 g/100mL) + Calcium carbonate (18 g/100mL) + Silicon dioxide (31 g/100mL)	Liquid	Topical	Sun Jin Yu Ji Co	2017-08-01	Not applicable

Chemical Identifiers

UNII: RWP5GA015D
CAS number: 7440-09-7
InChI Key: NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI: InChI=1S/K.H
IUPAC Name: potassium hydride
SMILES: [KH]

References

General References

Weaver CM: Potassium and health. Adv Nutr. 2013 May 1;4(3):368S-77S. doi: 10.3945/an.112.003533. [Article]
Stone MS, Martyn L, Weaver CM: Potassium Intake, Bioavailability, Hypertension, and Glucose Control. Nutrients. 2016 Jul 22;8(7). pii: nu8070444. doi: 10.3390/nu8070444. [Article]
He FJ, MacGregor GA: Beneficial effects of potassium on human health. Physiol Plant. 2008 Aug;133(4):725-35. [Article]
Kardalas E, Paschou SA, Anagnostis P, Muscogiuri G, Siasos G, Vryonidou A: Hypokalemia: a clinical update. Endocr Connect. 2018 Apr;7(4):R135-R146. doi: 10.1530/EC-18-0109. Epub 2018 Mar 14. [Article]
MARTIN HE, WERTMAN M, et al.: Clinical potassium problems. Calif Med. 1950 Mar;72(3):133-41. [Article]
Viera AJ, Wouk N: Potassium Disorders: Hypokalemia and Hyperkalemia. Am Fam Physician. 2015 Sep 15;92(6):487-95. [Article]
Saxena K: Clinical features and management of poisoning due to potassium chloride. Med Toxicol Adverse Drug Exp. 1989 Nov-Dec;4(6):429-43. [Article]
Bosse GM, Platt MA, Anderson SD, Presley MW: Acute oral potassium overdose: the role of hemodialysis. J Med Toxicol. 2011 Mar;7(1):52-6. doi: 10.1007/s13181-010-0106-6. [Article]
Papanikolaou Y, Fulgoni VL: Grains Contribute Shortfall Nutrients and Nutrient Density to Older US Adults: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011(-)2014. Nutrients. 2018 Apr 25;10(5). pii: nu10050534. doi: 10.3390/nu10050534. [Article]
Hinderling PH: The Pharmacokinetics of Potassium in Humans Is Unusual. J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Oct;56(10):1212-20. doi: 10.1002/jcph.713. Epub 2016 Mar 8. [Article]
Rahola T, Suomela M: On biological half-life of potassium in man. Ann Clin Res. 1975 Apr;7(2):62-5. [Article]
NIH Potassium Fact Sheet for Health Professionals [Link]
Potassium chloride FDA label [Link]
Potassium chloride in dextrose and sodium chloride FDA label [Link]
Potassium citrate PDR [Link]
Potassium acetate drug summary [Link]
Highly concentrated potassium preparation, FDA label [Link]
K-tab extended release FDA label [Link]

External Links

ChemSpider: 16787786
RxNav: 8588
ChEBI: 32589
Wikipedia: Potassium

MSDS

Download (20 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">

Phase	Status	Purpose	Conditions	Count
4	Completed	Prevention	Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)	1
4	Completed	Supportive Care	Body Fluid Retention / Chloride Disorder / Electrolyte imbalance / Fluid Over-load / Potassium Disorders / Sodium Disorder / Thoracic, Diseases	1
4	Completed	Supportive Care	Healthy Adult Volunteers	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Atrial Fibrillation / Atrial Flutter	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Colonoscopy	1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Not Available

Packagers

Not Available

Dosage Forms

Form	Route	Strength
Tablet, film coated	Oral
Powder, for suspension	Oral
Granule, effervescent	Oral
Tablet, extended release	Oral
Tablet	Oral	99 mg
Capsule, gelatin coated	Oral
Tablet	Oral
Tablet, sugar coated	Oral
Liquid	Oral
Kit	Oral
Powder, for solution	Oral	13.125 g
Injection, emulsion	Intravenous
Emulsion	Intravenous
Capsule	Oral
Tablet	Oral	99 mg / tab
Capsule	Oral	250 mg
Liquid	Topical
Solution	Intravenous	50.000 mL
Powder, for solution	Oral
Tablet
Solution	Intravenous
Powder	Oral

Prices

Not Available

Patents

Not Available

Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
melting point (°C)	770	https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB9137176.htm
boiling point (°C)	1420	https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB9137176.htm
water solubility	340 g/L	https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB9137176.htm
logP	0.2	http://foodb.ca/compounds/FDB015439
pKa	-7	http://foodb.ca/compounds/FDB015439

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	-0.13	Chemaxon
Physiological Charge	0	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	0	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	0	Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area	0 Å²	Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count	0	Chemaxon
Refractivity	0.8 m³·mol^-1	Chemaxon
Polarizability	2.44 Å³	Chemaxon
Number of Rings	0	Chemaxon
Bioavailability	1	Chemaxon
Rule of Five	Yes	Chemaxon
Ghose Filter	No	Chemaxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	Chemaxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	Chemaxon

Predicted ADMET Features

Not Available

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)

Not Available

Spectra

Not Available

Chromatographic Properties

Collision Cross Sections (CCS)

Adduct	CCS Value (Å²)	Source type	Source
[M-H]-	107.275406	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+	108.99912	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+	115.75998	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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insights and accelerate drug research.

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Details1. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Regulator

General Function: Steroid hormone binding
Specific Function: This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This action creates th...
Gene Name: ATP1A1
Uniprot ID: P05023
Uniprot Name: Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1
Molecular Weight: 112895.01 Da

References

Stone MS, Martyn L, Weaver CM: Potassium Intake, Bioavailability, Hypertension, and Glucose Control. Nutrients. 2016 Jul 22;8(7). pii: nu8070444. doi: 10.3390/nu8070444. [Article]
Kardalas E, Paschou SA, Anagnostis P, Muscogiuri G, Siasos G, Vryonidou A: Hypokalemia: a clinical update. Endocr Connect. 2018 Apr;7(4):R135-R146. doi: 10.1530/EC-18-0109. Epub 2018 Mar 14. [Article]
Weaver CM: Potassium and health. Adv Nutr. 2013 May 1;4(3):368S-77S. doi: 10.3945/an.112.003533. [Article]
Hinderling PH: The Pharmacokinetics of Potassium in Humans Is Unusual. J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Oct;56(10):1212-20. doi: 10.1002/jcph.713. Epub 2016 Mar 8. [Article]

Transporters

Details1. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Substrate

General Function: Steroid hormone binding
Specific Function: This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This action creates th...
Gene Name: ATP1A1
Uniprot ID: P05023
Uniprot Name: Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1
Molecular Weight: 112895.01 Da

References

Stone MS, Martyn L, Weaver CM: Potassium Intake, Bioavailability, Hypertension, and Glucose Control. Nutrients. 2016 Jul 22;8(7). pii: nu8070444. doi: 10.3390/nu8070444. [Article]
Kardalas E, Paschou SA, Anagnostis P, Muscogiuri G, Siasos G, Vryonidou A: Hypokalemia: a clinical update. Endocr Connect. 2018 Apr;7(4):R135-R146. doi: 10.1530/EC-18-0109. Epub 2018 Mar 14. [Article]
Hinderling PH: The Pharmacokinetics of Potassium in Humans Is Unusual. J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Oct;56(10):1212-20. doi: 10.1002/jcph.713. Epub 2016 Mar 8. [Article]

Details2. Solute carrier family 12 member 1

Kind: Protein
Organism: Humans
Pharmacological action: Unknown
Actions: Ligand

General Function: Sodium:potassium:chloride symporter activity
Specific Function: Electrically silent transporter system. Mediates sodium and chloride reabsorption. Plays a vital role in the regulation of ionic balance and cell volume.
Gene Name: SLC12A1
Uniprot ID: Q13621
Uniprot Name: Solute carrier family 12 member 1
Molecular Weight: 121449.13 Da

References

Hinderling PH: The Pharmacokinetics of Potassium in Humans Is Unusual. J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Oct;56(10):1212-20. doi: 10.1002/jcph.713. Epub 2016 Mar 8. [Article]
Haas M, Forbush B 3rd: The Na-K-Cl cotransporters. J Bioenerg Biomembr. 1998 Apr;30(2):161-72. doi: 10.1023/a:1020521308985. [Article]

Drug created at July 11, 2018 16:37 / Updated at February 20, 2024 23:55

Potassium

Identification

Structure for Potassium (DB14500)

Pharmacology

Interactions

Products

Categories

Chemical Identifiers

References

Clinical Trials

Pharmacoeconomics

Properties

Spectra

Collision Cross Sections (CCS)

Targets

References

Transporters

References

References