Loteprednol etabonate

Identification

Summary

Loteprednol etabonate is a corticosteroid used to treat allergic conjunctivitis as well as inflammation and pain after ocular surgery.

Brand Names

Eysuvis, Inveltys, Lotemax

Generic Name

Loteprednol etabonate

DrugBank Accession Number

DB14596

Background

Loteprednol Etabonate (LE) is a topical corticoid anti-inflammatory. It is used in ophthalmic solution for the treatment of steroid responsive inflammatory conditions of the eye such as allergic conjunctivitis, uveitis, acne rosacea, superficial punctate keratitis, herpes zoster keratitis, iritis, cyclitis, and selected infective conjunctivitides. As a nasal spray, it can be used for the treatment and management of seasonal allergic rhinitis.

Most prescription LE products, however, tend to be indicated for the treatment of post-operative inflammation and pain following ocular surgery ^Label. A number of such new formulations that have been approved include Kala Pharmaceutical's Inveltys - the first twice-daily (BID) ocular corticosteroid approved for this indication, designed specifically to enhance patient compliance and simplified dosing compared to all other similar ocular steroids that are dosed four times daily ⁶.

Moreover, LE was purposefully engineered to be a 'soft drug', one that is designed to be active locally at the site of administration and then rapidly metabolized to inactive components after eliciting its actions at the desired location, thereby subsequently minimizing the chance for adverse effects ⁴.

Type

Small Molecule

Groups

Approved

Structure

3D

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MOLSDF3D-SDFPDBSMILESInChI

Similar Structures

Structure for Loteprednol etabonate (DB14596)

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Weight

Average: 466.96
Monoisotopic: 466.175831

Chemical Formula

C₂₄H₃₁ClO₇

Synonyms

• Loteprednol etabonate

External IDs

• CDDD 5604
• CDDD-5604
• HGP 1
• HGP-1
• KPI-121
• P 5604
• P-5604

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Pharmacology

Indication

A number of prescription loteprednol etabonate ophthalmic products are specifically indicated for the treatment of post-operative inflammation and pain following ocular surgery ^Label.

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Associated Conditions

Indication Type	Indication	Combined Product Details	Approval Level	Age Group	Patient Characteristics	Dose Form
Symptomatic treatment of	Dry eye syndrome (des)		••••••••••••			••••••••••
Treatment of	Eye pain		••••••••••••
Treatment of	Eye inflammation		••••••••••••

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Pharmacodynamics

Loteprednol etabonate (LE) belongs to a unique class of corticosteroids with potent anti-inflammatory effects designed to be active at the site of action ^1,5. Animal studies have shown that LE has a binding affinity to steroid receptors that is 4.3 times greater than dexamethasone ⁵. This particular class of steroids consists of bioactive molecules whose in-vivo transformation to non-toxic substances can be predicted from their chemistry and knowledge of enzymatic pathways in the body ⁵. Cortienic acid is an inactive metabolite of hydrocortisone and analogs of cortienic acid are also devoid of corticosteroid activity ⁵. Specifically, LE is an ester derivative of one of these analogs, cortienic acid etabonate ⁵. In particular, LE possesses a metabolically labile 17 beta-chloromethyl ester function which was designed in order to be hydrolyzed to an inactive carboxylic acid moiety ¹. This inactive metabolite is more hydrophilic and is thus readily eliminated from the body ¹. LE also exhibits good ocular permeation properties and good skin permeation properties ¹.

Mechanism of action

Corticosteroids like loteprednol etabonate inhibit the inflammatory response to a variety of inciting agents and likely delay or slow healing ^Label,5,1. They inhibit the edema, fibrin deposition, capillary dilation, leukocyte migration, capillary proliferation, fibroblast proliferation, deposition of collagen, and scar formation that are commonly associated with inflammation ^Label,1. While glucocorticoids are known to bind to and activate the glucocorticoid receptor, the molecular mechanisms involved in glucocorticoid/glucocorticoid receptor-dependent modulation of inflammation are not clearly established ^Label,5,1. Moreover, corticosteroids are thought to inhibit prostaglandin production through several independent mechanisms ^Label,1. In particular, corticosteroids are thought to act by the induction of phospholipase A2 inhibitory proteins, collectively called lipocortins ⁸. It is postulated that these proteins control the biosynthesis of potent mediators of inflammation such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes by inhibiting the release of their common precursor arachidonic acid ⁸. Arachidonic acid is released from membrane phospholipids by phospholipase A2 ⁸.

The use of LE subsequently treats post-operative inflammation and pain following ocular surgery by managing the prostaglandin release, recruitment and travel of neutrophils and macrophages, and production of other inflammatory mediators that are intrinsically associated with the physical trauma of surgery ¹.

Target	Actions	Organism
AGlucocorticoid receptor	agonist	Humans

Absorption

Loteprednol etabonate (LE) demonstrates good ocular permeation properties as it is lipid soluble, allowing the agent to penetrate into cells with relative ease ^Label,1.

Results from the ocular administration of loteprednol in normal, healthy volunteers have shown that there are low or undetectable concentrations of either unchanged material or its metabolite ⁵. Following twice-daily unilateral topical ocular dosing of LE for 14 days in healthy subjects, the plasma concentrations of loteprednol etabonate were below the limit of quantitation (1 ng/mL) at all time points ^Label. These finds suggest that limited, if any, systemic absorption of LE occurs ⁵.

Volume of distribution

The only data available regarding the volume of distribution of loteprednol etabonate (LE) is the volume of distribution the agent demonstrated when administered to dogs - a value of 3.7 L/kg ³. It has been shown, however, that the topical ocular administration of LE distributes preferentially into the cellular components of blood ⁸.

Protein binding

Strong protein binding of approximately 98% for loteprednol etabonate facilitates little pharmacodynamic action and/or adverse effects on the part of the agent in the systemic circulation ².

Metabolism

Loteprednol etabonate (LE) is readily and extensively metabolized to two inactive metabolites, PJ-90 (Δ1-cortienic acid) and PJ-91 (Δ1-cortienic acid etabonate) ^Label,8. Metabolism occurs locally in ocular tissues, and to the extent that loteprednol etabonate reaches the systemic circulation, likely the liver and other tissues into which it distributes ⁸.

In particular, studies have demonstrated that LE (chloromethyl 17alpha-ethoxycarbonyloxy-11beta-hydroxy-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene) is rapidly hydrolyzed at the location of its 17beta-chloromethyl ester function by paraoxonase 1 in human plasma at the site of administration at the level of the affected eye tissue to the 17beta-carboxylate PJ-91 metabolite and PJ-90 metabolite ^2,4. Both metabolites are considered inactive ^Label,4,4.

Hover over products below to view reaction partners

• Loteprednol etabonate
  • Δ1-cortienic acid etabonate (PJ-91)
    • Δ1-cortienic acid (PJ-90)

Route of elimination

Following systemic administration to rats, loteprednol etabonate is eliminated primarily via the biliary/faecal route, with most of the dose eliminated in the form of the metabolite, PJ-90 ⁸.

Half-life

The terminal half-life of loteprednol etabonate as determined when administered intravenously at a dose of 5 mg/kg in the dog animal model is 2.8 hours ³.

Clearance

Loteprednol etabonate was slowly hydrolyzed in liver at clearance rates of 0.21 +/- 0.04 and 2.41 +/- 0.13 ml/h/kg in the liver and plasma, respectively ².

Adverse Effects

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Toxicity

The most common adverse drug reactions reported during clinical trials for the medication were eye pain and posterior capsular opacification, both of which may also be the consequence of the very surgical procedures performed on the eye(s) ^Label.

The agent is not absorbed systemically following topical ophthalmic administration and maternal use is not expected to result in fetal exposure to the drug ^Label.

The medication is not absorbed systemically by the mother following topical ophthalmic administration, and breastfeeding is not expected to result in exposure of the child to the agent ^Label.

Long-term animal studies have not been conducted to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of loteprednol etabonate. Loteprednol etabonate was not genotoxic in vitro in the Ames test, the mouse lymphoma thymidine kinase (tk) assay, or in a chromosome aberration test in human lymphocytes, or in vivo in the single dose mouse micronucleus assay ^Label.

Overdose is not expected to be likely to occur after ocular administration ⁸.

Pathways

Not Available

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Interactions

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This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.

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Food Interactions

No interactions found.

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International/Other Brands

Eysuvis / Loteflam (Cipla Pharmaceuticals Limited)

Brand Name Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Alrex	Suspension / drops	2 mg/1mL	Ophthalmic	Bausch & Lomb Incorporated	1998-03-09	Not applicable
Alrex	Suspension / drops	2 mg/1mL	Ophthalmic	Stat Rx USA	1998-03-09	Not applicable
Alrex	Suspension	0.2 % w/v	Ophthalmic	Bausch & Lomb Inc	2009-06-24	Not applicable
Alrex	Suspension / drops	2 mg/1mL	Ophthalmic	Physicians Total Care, Inc.	2002-10-17	Not applicable
Eysuvis	Suspension / drops	2.5 mg/1mL	Ophthalmic	ALCON LABORATORIES, INC.	2020-11-18	Not applicable

Generic Prescription Products

Name	Dosage	Strength	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Loteprednol Etabonate	Gel	5 mg/1g	Ophthalmic	Armas Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2023-10-25	Not applicable
Loteprednol Etabonate	Gel	5 mg/1g	Ophthalmic	Bausch & Lomb Americas Inc.	2023-06-30	Not applicable
Loteprednol Etabonate	Gel	5 mg/1g	Ophthalmic	Bausch & Lomb Incorporated	2021-02-17	Not applicable
Loteprednol Etabonate	Suspension / drops	5 mg/1mL	Ophthalmic	Oceanside Pharmaceuticals	2019-07-01	Not applicable
Loteprednol Etabonate	Suspension / drops	5 mg/1mL	Ophthalmic	Armas Pharmaceuticals Inc.	2023-10-26	Not applicable

Mixture Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
LOTEBRA % 0.5+ % 0.3 GÖZ DAMLASI, SÜSPANSİYON, 5 ML	Loteprednol etabonate (0.5 %) + Tobramycin (0.3 %)	Suspension / drops	Ophthalmic	ABDİ İBRAHİM İLAÇ SAN. VE TİC. A.Ş.	2014-05-08	Not applicable
LOTEMICIN®	Loteprednol etabonate (5 mg) + Tobramycin (3 mg)	Suspension	Conjunctival; Ophthalmic	LABORATORIOS POEN S.A.U.	2008-04-03	Not applicable
LOTEMICIN®	Loteprednol etabonate (5 mg) + Tobramycin (3 mg)	Suspension	Ophthalmic	QUIBI S.A. EN REESTRUCTURACION	2022-09-30	Not applicable
TOBRALOT 5 MG+3 MG/ML GÖZ DAMLASI, SÜSPANSİYON, 1 ADET	Loteprednol etabonate (5 mg/mL) + Tobramycin (3 mg/ml)	Suspension / drops	Ophthalmic	VEM İLAÇ SAN. VE TİC. A.Ş.	2019-11-30	Not applicable
Zylet	Loteprednol etabonate (5 mg/1mL) + Tobramycin (3 mg/1mL)	Suspension / drops	Ophthalmic	Bausch & Lomb Incorporated	2004-12-14	Not applicable

Categories

Drug Categories

• Adrenal Cortex Hormones
• Androstadienes
• Androstanes
• Androstenes
• Anti-Allergic Agents
• Corticosteroids
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Substrates
• Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A4 Substrates
• Cytochrome P-450 Substrates
• Fused-Ring Compounds
• Immunosuppressive Agents
• Steroids

Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire

Description

This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as steroid esters. These are compounds containing a steroid moiety which bears a carboxylic acid ester group.

Kingdom

Organic compounds

Super Class

Lipids and lipid-like molecules

Class

Steroids and steroid derivatives

Sub Class

Steroid esters

Direct Parent

Steroid esters

Alternative Parents

Androgens and derivatives / 3-oxo delta-1,4-steroids / 11-beta-hydroxysteroids / Delta-1,4-steroids / Carbonic acid diesters / Secondary alcohols / Cyclic ketones / Cyclic alcohols and derivatives / Carboxylic acid esters / Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives / Organochlorides / Organic oxides / Hydrocarbon derivatives / Alkyl chlorides

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Substituents

11-beta-hydroxysteroid / 11-hydroxysteroid / 3-oxo-delta-1,4-steroid / 3-oxosteroid / Alcohol / Aliphatic homopolycyclic compound / Alkyl chloride / Alkyl halide / Androgen-skeleton / Androstane-skeleton / Carbonic acid derivative / Carbonic acid diester / Carbonyl group / Carboxylic acid derivative / Carboxylic acid ester / Cyclic alcohol / Cyclic ketone / Delta-1,4-steroid / Hydrocarbon derivative / Hydroxysteroid / Ketone / Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives / Organic oxide / Organic oxygen compound / Organochloride / Organohalogen compound / Organooxygen compound / Oxosteroid / Secondary alcohol / Steroid ester

show 20 more

Molecular Framework

Aliphatic homopolycyclic compounds

External Descriptors

organochlorine compound, 11beta-hydroxy steroid, steroid ester, etabonate ester, 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid, steroid acid ester (CHEBI:31784)

Affected organisms

• Humans and other mammals

Chemical Identifiers

UNII

YEH1EZ96K6

CAS number

82034-46-6

InChI Key

DMKSVUSAATWOCU-HROMYWEYSA-N

InChI

InChI=1S/C24H31ClO7/c1-4-30-21(29)32-24(20(28)31-13-25)10-8-17-16-6-5-14-11-15(26)7-9-22(14,2)19(16)18(27)12-23(17,24)3/h7,9,11,16-19,27H,4-6,8,10,12-13H2,1-3H3/t16-,17-,18-,19+,22-,23-,24-/m0/s1

IUPAC Name

chloromethyl (1R,3aS,3bS,9aR,9bS,10S,11aS)-1-[(ethoxycarbonyl)oxy]-10-hydroxy-9a,11a-dimethyl-7-oxo-1H,2H,3H,3aH,3bH,4H,5H,7H,9aH,9bH,10H,11H,11aH-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-1-carboxylate

SMILES

[H][C@@]12CC[C@](OC(=O)OCC)(C(=O)OCCl)[C@@]1(C)C[C@H](O)[C@@]1([H])[C@@]2([H])CCC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]12C

References

General References

1. Pavesio CE, Decory HH: Treatment of ocular inflammatory conditions with loteprednol etabonate. Br J Ophthalmol. 2008 Apr;92(4):455-9. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2007.132621. Epub 2008 Feb 1. [Article]
2. Samir A, Bodor N, Imai T: Identification of esterase involved in the metabolism of two corticosteroid soft drugs. Biochem Pharmacol. 2017 Mar 1;127:82-89. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.12.010. Epub 2016 Dec 22. [Article]
3. Hochhaus G, Chen LS, Ratka A, Druzgala P, Howes J, Bodor N, Derendorf H: Pharmacokinetic characterization and tissue distribution of the new glucocorticoid soft drug loteprednol etabonate in rats and dogs. J Pharm Sci. 1992 Dec;81(12):1210-5. [Article]
4. Druzgala P, Wu WM, Bodor N: Ocular absorption and distribution of loteprednol etabonate, a soft steroid, in rabbit eyes. Curr Eye Res. 1991 Oct;10(10):933-7. [Article]
5. Electronic Medicines Compendium: Loteprednol etabonate Monograph [Link]
6. Inveltys FDA Approval Press Release [Link]
7. FDA Approved Drug Products: Eysuvis (loteprednol etabonate) ophthalmic suspension [Link]
8. Australian Register of Therapeutic Goods: Loteprednol etabonate Product Information [File]

External Links

Human Metabolome Database

HMDB0015011

KEGG Drug

D01689

PubChem Compound

9865442

PubChem Substance

46504713

ChemSpider

392049

BindingDB

50248301

ChEBI

31784

ChEMBL

CHEMBL1200865

ZINC

ZINC000003920673

Therapeutic Targets Database

DAP001045

PharmGKB

PA164764569

RxList

RxList Drug Page

Drugs.com

Drugs.com Drug Page

Wikipedia

Loteprednol

FDA label

Download (153 KB)

MSDS

Download (22 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials Learn More" title="About Clinical Trials" id="clinical-trials-info" class="drug-info-popup" href="javascript:void(0);">

Phase	Status	Purpose	Conditions	Count
4	Completed	Prevention	Corneal Edema / Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy	1
4	Completed	Prevention	Corneal Edema / Fuchs' Dystrophy	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Allergic Conjunctivitis (AC)	2
4	Completed	Treatment	Bilateral Conjunctivitis (Disorder)	1
4	Completed	Treatment	Blepharokeratoconjunctivitis	1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

• Bausch and lomb inc
• Pharmos corp

Packagers

• Alchymars SPA
• Bausch & Lomb Inc.
• Physicians Total Care Inc.

Dosage Forms

Form	Route	Strength
Suspension	Conjunctival	0.20 %w/v
Suspension	Ophthalmic	0.2 % w/v
Suspension / drops	Ophthalmic	2 mg/1mL
Suspension	Ophthalmic	5 mg
Solution / drops	Ophthalmic	0.5 %
Suspension / drops	Ophthalmic	2.5 mg/1mL
Suspension	Topical	10 mg/1mL
Suspension	Ophthalmic	0.5 %
Gel	Ophthalmic	5 mg/1g
Ointment	Ophthalmic	5 mg/1g
Solution / drops	Intraocular
Suspension	Ophthalmic	0.5 % w/v
Suspension / drops	Ophthalmic	5 mg/1mL
Suspension / drops	Ophthalmic	0.5 %
Suspension / drops	Ophthalmic	5 mg/ml
Gel	Ophthalmic	0.5 % w/w
Ointment	Ophthalmic	0.5 % w/w
Gel	Ophthalmic	3.8 mg/1g
Suspension	Ophthalmic
Solution	Ophthalmic	5 mg/ml
Suspension	Conjunctival; Ophthalmic
Suspension	Conjunctival; Ophthalmic	0.002 g
Suspension	Conjunctival; Ophthalmic	5 mg
Ointment	Ophthalmic; Topical	500 mg
Suspension	Conjunctival; Ophthalmic	500000 mg
Suspension	Ophthalmic	2 mg
Suspension / drops	Ophthalmic
Suspension	Ophthalmic

Prices

Not Available

Patents

Patent Number	Pediatric Extension	Approved	Expires (estimated)	Region
US5540930	No	1996-07-30	2013-10-25
US4996335	No	1991-02-26	2012-03-09
CA2174550	No	2002-10-01	2014-10-21
US5800807	No	1998-09-01	2017-01-29
US9056057	No	2015-06-16	2033-05-03
US9532955	No	2017-01-03	2033-05-03
US9827191	No	2017-11-28	2033-05-03
US10058511	No	2018-08-28	2033-05-03
US9737491	No	2017-08-22	2033-05-03
US9393213	No	2016-07-19	2033-05-03
US10596107	No	2020-03-24	2036-12-23
US10646437	No	2020-05-12	2033-05-03
US10688045	No	2020-06-23	2033-05-03
US10857096	No	2020-12-08	2033-05-03
US10864219	No	2020-12-15	2033-05-03
US10646436	No	2020-05-12	2033-05-03
US10945948	No	2021-03-16	2033-05-03
US10940108	No	2021-03-09	2033-05-03
US10993908	No	2021-05-04	2033-05-03
US11219596	No	2013-05-03	2033-05-03
US11219597	No	2013-05-03	2033-05-03
US11534395	No	2016-01-26	2036-01-26
US11596599	No	2013-05-03	2033-05-03
US11642317	No	2013-05-03	2033-05-03

Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
melting point (°C)	220-224 °C	Not Available
water solubility	5 mg/mL	Not Available
logP	3.4	Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
Water Solubility	0.00693 mg/mL	ALOGPS
logP	3.08	ALOGPS
logP	3.94	Chemaxon
logS	-4.8	ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	14.88	Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Basic)	-2.9	Chemaxon
Physiological Charge	0	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	5	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	1	Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area	99.13 Å2	Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count	7	Chemaxon
Refractivity	118.17 m3·mol-1	Chemaxon
Polarizability	48.43 Å3	Chemaxon
Number of Rings	4	Chemaxon
Bioavailability	1	Chemaxon
Rule of Five	Yes	Chemaxon
Ghose Filter	Yes	Chemaxon
Veber's Rule	No	Chemaxon
MDDR-like Rule	Yes	Chemaxon

Predicted ADMET Features

Property	Value	Probability
Human Intestinal Absorption	+	0.9884
Blood Brain Barrier	+	0.9294
Caco-2 permeable	+	0.5426
P-glycoprotein substrate	Substrate	0.7489
P-glycoprotein inhibitor I	Non-inhibitor	0.6379
P-glycoprotein inhibitor II	Non-inhibitor	0.6419
Renal organic cation transporter	Non-inhibitor	0.7633
CYP450 2C9 substrate	Non-substrate	0.862
CYP450 2D6 substrate	Non-substrate	0.914
CYP450 3A4 substrate	Substrate	0.794
CYP450 1A2 substrate	Non-inhibitor	0.8987
CYP450 2C9 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.8866
CYP450 2D6 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.872
CYP450 2C19 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.9233
CYP450 3A4 inhibitor	Non-inhibitor	0.5687
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity	Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity	0.8468
Ames test	Non AMES toxic	0.8574
Carcinogenicity	Non-carcinogens	0.9436
Biodegradation	Not ready biodegradable	0.9614
Rat acute toxicity	2.2305 LD50, mol/kg	Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)	Weak inhibitor	0.9647
hERG inhibition (predictor II)	Non-inhibitor	0.5773

ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)

Not Available

Spectra

Spectrum	Spectrum Type	Splash Key
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qTof , Positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-0292-0940000000-f369442eba5344b3ecb4
MS/MS Spectrum - , positive	LC-MS/MS	splash10-06di-0794200000-c3979b4c8c9d5097df0e
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-014i-0002900000-62dfb69d936690e92bf8
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-002r-9004000000-2d1482861070b8faead7
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0292-0829700000-9158889016aca21bf495
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-03ea-9003000000-dcafaf883320564db016
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0005-9026000000-1405ccd82cb3a2173a13
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)	Predicted LC-MS/MS	splash10-0c00-0933100000-dfc7a4af1f7b55b6e9db
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum	1D NMR	Not Applicable

Chromatographic Properties

Collision Cross Sections (CCS)

Adduct	CCS Value (Å2)	Source type	Source
[M-H]-	204.04366	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+	205.97337	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+	213.15541	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Details1. Glucocorticoid receptor

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Yes

Actions

Agonist

General Function

Zinc ion binding

Specific Function

Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC). Has a dual mode of action: as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE), both for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modula...

Gene Name

NR3C1

Uniprot ID

P04150

Uniprot Name

Glucocorticoid receptor

Molecular Weight

85658.57 Da

References

1. Druzgala P, Hochhaus G, Bodor N: Soft drugs--10. Blanching activity and receptor binding affinity of a new type of glucocorticoid: loteprednol etabonate. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1991 Feb;38(2):149-54. [Article]
2. Bodor N, Buchwald P: Corticosteroid design for the treatment of asthma: structural insights and the therapeutic potential of soft corticosteroids. Curr Pharm Des. 2006;12(25):3241-60. [Article]
3. Szelenyi I, Hochhaus G, Heer S, Kusters S, Marx D, Poppe H, Engel J: Loteprednol etabonate: a soft steroid for the treatment of allergic diseases of the airways. Drugs Today (Barc). 2000 May;36(5):313-20. [Article]
4. Samudre SS, Lattanzio FA Jr, Williams PB, Sheppard JD Jr: Comparison of topical steroids for acute anterior uveitis. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2004 Dec;20(6):533-47. [Article]
5. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [Article]

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Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at February 20, 2024 23:55