Viral Macrophage-Inflammatory Protein

This drug entry is a stub and has not been fully annotated. It is scheduled to be annotated soon.

Identification

Generic Name
Viral Macrophage-Inflammatory Protein
DrugBank Accession Number
DB15748
Background

Viral macrophage inflammatory protein-II (vMIP) is a highly basic protein and human chemokine analog encoded by human herpesvirus-8. The structure of vMIP consists of 71 residues and is a monomer under most conditions. It helps its virus evade the host immune system through selectively blocking and activating different receptors, preferentially inhibiting acute Th1-associated inflammation while also upregulating Th2 associated immune response.

Type
Biotech
Groups
Investigational
Biologic Classification
Protein Based Therapies
Peptides
Protein Chemical Formula
Not Available
Protein Average Weight
Not Available
Sequences
Not Available
Synonyms
  • vCCL2
  • Viral Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-II
  • vMIP
  • vMIP-II
External IDs
  • Viral Macrophage-Inflammatory Protein

Pharmacology

Indication

Not Available

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Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action

This protein has the ability to bind to chemokine receptors (including both HIV coreceptors) and cell surface glycosaminoglycans. At the chemokine receptors, vMIP acts as an antagonist at CCR1, CCR2, CCR5, and CXCR4 while it is an agonist at CCR3 and CCR8. Due to its antagonistic action at CCR5 and CXCR4, vMIP is able to block HIV cell entry through these coreceptors while also inhibiting inflammation of monocytes and Th1 type T cells -- both major targets for HIV-1 and thus vMIP has potential to act as an HIV inhibitor. Glycosaminoglycans, on the other hand, are important as the binding to glycosaminoglycans may be essential for the protein to carry out its natural function in vivo.

vMIP is angiogenic -- its pro-angiogenic capabilities in mature and progenitor endothelial cells gives it potential for use in organ transplantations. It is also selectively chemotactic for Th2 lymphocytes. Overall, the major role of vMIP-II is regulation of immune responses.

Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways
Not Available
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Not Available

Interactions

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This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Not Available
Food Interactions
Not Available

Categories

Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
Not Available
Kingdom
Organic Compounds
Super Class
Organic Acids
Class
Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives
Sub Class
Amino Acids, Peptides, and Analogues
Direct Parent
Peptides
Alternative Parents
Not Available
Substituents
Not Available
Molecular Framework
Not Available
External Descriptors
Not Available
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
Not Available
CAS number
Not Available

References

General References
  1. Zhao B, Liwang PJ: Characterization of the interactions of vMIP-II, and a dimeric variant of vMIP-II, with glycosaminoglycans. Biochemistry. 2010 Aug 24;49(33):7012-22. doi: 10.1021/bi100549y. [Article]
  2. Singh UP, Singh S, Ravichandran P, Taub DD, Lillard JW Jr: Viral macrophage-inflammatory protein-II: a viral chemokine that differentially affects adaptive mucosal immunity compared with its mammalian counterparts. J Immunol. 2004 Nov 1;173(9):5509-16. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.9.5509. [Article]
Not Available

Clinical Trials

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Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
Not Available
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Not Available
Experimental Properties
Not Available

Drug created at August 11, 2020 21:51 / Updated at August 13, 2020 07:02