Identification
- Summary
Nitroglycerin is a nitrate vasodilator used to treat or prevent angina, heart failure, hypertension, and anal fissures.
- Brand Names
- Gonitro, Minitran, Mylan-nitro, Nitro-bid, Nitro-dur, Nitroject, Nitrolingual, Nitromist, Nitrostat, Rectiv, Trinipatch
- Generic Name
- Nitroglycerin
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB00727
- Background
Nitroglycerin, also known as glyceryl trinitrate,2 is an organic nitrate and a vasodilating agent 17 that was first discovered in 1847.9 Originally used to dynamite, its antianginal effects were identified in the late 1860s after it produced headaches in factory workers while workers with angina pectoris or heart failure experienced relief from chest pain.1,3 Its use as a treatment for angina dates back to 1879 and is still used to treat and prevent angina.10 Nitroglycerin causes vasodilation in both arteries and veins.3
Nitroglycerin is used in a variety of different conditions, including angina pectoris due to coronary artery disease,12,14,17,15 peri-operative hypertension, congestive heart failure,11 and chronic anal fissure.16 It is also used to induce intraoperative hypotension.11
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Approved, Investigational
- Structure
Structure for Nitroglycerin (DB00727)
- Weight
- Average: 227.0865
Monoisotopic: 227.002578773 - Chemical Formula
- C3H5N3O9
- Synonyms
- 1,2,3-propanetrioltrinitrate
- 1,2,3-propanetriyl nitrate
- Glycerin trinitrate
- Glycerol trinitrate
- Glycerol, nitric acid triester
- Glyceroli trinitratis
- Glyceroltrinitrat
- Glyceryl trinitrate
- NG
- Nitroglicerina
- Nitroglycerin
- Nitroglycerine
- Nitroglycerol
- Nitromed
- Propane-1,2,3-triyl trinitrate
- Trinitrine
- Trinitroglycerin
- Trinitroglycerol
- External IDs
- DR 66
- IMX-150
Pharmacology
- Indication
Sublingual nitroglycerin is indicated for the acute relief of an attack or acute prophylaxis of angina pectoris due to coronary artery disease.12,17,15 Transdermal nitroglycerin is indicated for the prevention of angina pectoris due to coronary artery disease.14
Intravenous nitroglycerin is indicated for the treatment of peri-operative hypertension; for control of congestive heart failure in the setting of acute myocardial infarction; for treatment of angina pectoris in patients who have not responded to sublingual nitroglycerin and beta (β)-blockers; and for induction of intraoperative hypotension.11
Topical nitroglycerin ointment is used to treat moderate to severe pain associated with chronic anal fissure.16
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Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Management of Angina attacks •••••••••••• Management of Angina pectoris •••••••••••• •••••••••• •••••••• •• •••••••••• •••••••••••••• •••••••••••• •••••••• •• ••••••••••••• Prevention of Angina pectoris •••••••••••• Prophylaxis of Angina pectoris •••••••••••• Used in combination to manage Angina pectoris Combination Product in combination with: D-glucose (DB01914) •••••••••••• •••••••• - Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
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Nitroglycerin causes the relaxation of vascular smooth muscles, causing arteriolar and venous dilatation.17 It increases blood flow to the myocardium and reduces cardiac preload and afterload, decreasing myocardial wall stress and ameliorating anginal symptoms.3,10,12 Nitroglycerin also reduces coronary artery spasm, decreasing systemic vascular resistance as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressure.17
Like other organic nitrates, repeated and prolonged administration of nitroglycerin can lead to the development of tolerance or desensitization of vascular smooth muscle to further nitroglycerin-induced vasorelaxation. This loss of efficacy may be associated with the inhibition of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase, which is an important enzyme involved in the bioactivation of nitroglycerin.1,2,3 Nitroglycerin tolerance may be accompanied by pro-oxidant effects, endothelial dysfunction, and increased sensitivity to vasoconstrictors.3
- Mechanism of action
Nitroglycerin is converted by mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase in smooth muscle cells to nitric oxide (NO), a potent vasodilator. NO activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase, which converts guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) in vascular smooth muscle and other tissues.1,2,10 cGMP is an endogenous vasodilator of vascular smooth muscle:3 it causes protein kinase-dependent phosphorylation and activates downstream cascades that promote relaxation and increased blood flow in veins, arteries and cardiac tissue.3,10 An in vitro study using mouse aorta suggests that nitric oxide, an active metabolite of nitroglycerin, targets the natriuretic peptide receptors.7
Target Actions Organism UAtrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 agonistHumans - Absorption
Nitroglycerin is rapidly absorbed and is often used in emergency situations for this reason.10 After a sublingual dose of 0.5 mg of nitroglycerin in patients with ischemic heart disease, the peak concentration (Cmax) was 2.56 ng/mL and the mean Tmax was 4.4 minutes.4
The Cmax following a 0.6mg dose of sublingual nitroglycerin was 2.1 ng/mL and the Tmax was 7.2 minutes.17 The absolute bioavailability following sublingual administration was about 40%. The bioavailability of nitroglycerin depends on several factors, such as mucosal metabolism and hydration status, which both affect the absorption of sublingual drugs.17
- Volume of distribution
The volume of distribution of nitroglycerin is 3 L/kg.11
- Protein binding
After a sublingual dose of nitroglycerin, at concentrations in the plasma ranging from 50 to 500 ng/mL, plasma protein binding of nitroglycerin is about 60%. The plasma protein binding of the metabolites 1,2-dinitroglycerin is 60% and that of 1,3-dinitroglycerin is 30%.17
- Metabolism
Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) promotes the bioactivation of nitroglycerin. Nitroglycerin is metabolized to nitrite; 1,2-glyceryl dinitrate; and 1,3 glyceryl dinitrate.1,8,11 Nitrite is further metabolized to nitric oxide. 1,2- and 1,3-dinitroglycerols are less biologically active than nitroglycerin but they have longer half-lives, which explains some prolonged effects of nitrates. Both dinitrates are finally metabolized to glycerol, carbon dioxide, and mononitrates that do not have vasodilatory actions.6,11
Nitroglycerin can also chemically react with a thiol to generate an intermediate S-nitrosothiol, which resulted in further production of nitric oxide.1,3,8
Hover over products below to view reaction partners
- Route of elimination
Metabolism is the main route by which nitroglycerin is eliminated from the body.17
- Half-life
Following intravenous administration, the plasma half-life is about three minutes.5,11 The estimated plasma half-life following sublingual administration is approximately six minutes.4 The elimination half-lives of metabolites 1,2-dinitroglycerin and 1,3-dinitroglycerin range between 32 to 26 minutes.17
- Clearance
The estimated clearance following intravenous administration is 1 L/kg/min.11 The apparent clearance after a sublingual dose was 21.9 L/min in a pharmacokinetic study of patients with ischemic heart disease and angina.4
- Adverse Effects
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The oral LD50 of nitroglycerin in rats is 105 mg/kg and the LD50 of the intravenous form in rats is 23.2 mg/kg.13
Nitrate overdosage can result in following conditions: severe hypotension, persistent throbbing headache, vertigo, palpitation, visual disturbance, flushing and perspiring skin (later becoming cold and cyanotic), nausea and vomiting (possibly with colic and even bloody diarrhea), syncope (especially in the upright posture), methemoglobinemia with cyanosis and anorexia, initial hyperpnea, dyspnea and slow breathing, slow pulse (dicrotic and intermittent), heart block, increased intracranial pressure with cerebral symptoms of confusion and moderate fever, paralysis and coma followed by clonic convulsions, and possibly death due to circulatory collapse.17
Methemoglobinemia can rarely occur at conventional doses of organic nitrates. This condition is dose-related and it can be even more pronounced in patients with genetic abnormalities of hemoglobin that favor methemoglobin formation. Methemoglobinemia can be managed with the administration of methylene blue unless the patient has a known G-6-PD deficiency.17
There are no known antidotes to an overdose of nitroglycerin, and it is not known whether its metabolites can be removed from the circulation.17,11 Hypotension associated with nitroglycerin overdose can be managed with different symptomatic and supportive measures, including the elevation of the lower limbs, administration of intravenous saline or other fluids to maintain central fluid volume, and administration of oxygen and artificial ventilation. Gastric lavage may be used in case of ingestion of excess nitroglycerin.17
- Pathways
- Not Available
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Drug Interaction Integrate drug-drug
interactions in your softwareAbaloparatide The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nitroglycerin is combined with Abaloparatide. Acebutolol Nitroglycerin may increase the hypotensive activities of Acebutolol. Aceclofenac The therapeutic efficacy of Nitroglycerin can be decreased when used in combination with Aceclofenac. Acemetacin The therapeutic efficacy of Nitroglycerin can be decreased when used in combination with Acemetacin. Acetaminophen The risk or severity of methemoglobinemia can be increased when Acetaminophen is combined with Nitroglycerin. - Food Interactions
- Avoid alcohol. Alcohol can increase the risk of hypotension.
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Product Images
- International/Other Brands
- Deponit (UCB Pharma) / Dermatrans (Bayer) / Gen-Nitro (Genpharm ULC) / Glytrin (Sanofi-Aventis) / Glytrin Spray (Sanofi-Aventis) / Natispray (Teofarma) / Nitrocap (Orion) / Nitroderm TTS (Novartis) / Nitrolingual Pump Spray (Arbor Pharmaceuticals) / Rectogesic (ProStrakan) / Stangyl / Transderm-Nitro (Novartis) / Tridil / Trimonit (Sanofi-Aventis) / Trinipatch (Paladin) / Triniplas (Novartis) / Trinispray (Sanofi Aventis) / Trinitrin Simplex Laleuf (Sanofi) / Trinitron (Quesada) / Trinitrosan (Merck) / Trintek (Goldshield) / Trocer (Incepta) / Trocer SR (Incepta) / Vasolator (Sanwa Kagaku) / Vasovin (Torrent) / Venitrin (Meda) / Vernies (Parke Davis) / Willlong (Will-Pharma)
- Brand Name Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Gonitro Powder 400 ug/1 Sublingual Espero Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2016-07-01 Not applicable US 
Gonitro Powder 400 ug/1 Sublingual Allegis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 2019-07-01 2023-06-30 US Minitran Patch 18 mg/1 Transdermal Kindeva Drug Delivery L.P. 2012-02-21 Not applicable US Minitran Patch 0.2 mg / hour Transdermal Valeant Canada Lp Valeant Canada S.E.C. 1995-12-31 2021-03-19 Canada 
Minitran Patch 54 mg/1 Transdermal Kindeva Drug Delivery L.P. 2012-02-21 Not applicable US - Generic Prescription Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Apo-nitroglycerin Spray, metered 0.4 mg / act Sublingual Apotex Corporation 2013-09-23 Not applicable Canada Minitran Patch 2.5 mg/1d Transdermal Graceway Pharmaceuticals 2007-04-01 Not applicable US Minitran Patch 54 mg/1 Transdermal Bausch Health US, LLC 2012-02-21 2021-03-02 US Minitran Patch 54000 ug/1 Transdermal 3M Company 1996-08-30 2006-12-29 US Minitran Patch 15 mg/1d Transdermal Graceway Pharmaceuticals 2007-04-01 Not applicable US - Over the Counter Products
Name Dosage Strength Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image ANGISED TABLET 0.5 mg Tablet 0.5 mg Oral GLAXOSMITHKLINE PTE LTD 1988-06-24 Not applicable Singapore 
GLYTRIN SPRAY Spray 400 mcg/spray Submucosal JOYSON PTE. LTD. 1997-01-21 Not applicable Singapore MYONIT INSTA NITROGLYCERIN SUBLINGUAL TABLETS USP 0.5MG Tablet 0.5 mg Sublingual TRINITY PHARMACEUTICALS & FOOD PTE. LTD. 2019-05-31 Not applicable Singapore - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image NITROGLICERINA 0.1 MG/ML EN DEXTROSA 5% SOLUCION INYECTABLE Nitroglycerin (21.05 mg) + D-glucose monohydrate (8.518 g) Solution Intravenous ADS PHARMA S.A.S. 2015-07-08 Not applicable Colombia 
Nitroglycerin In 5% Dextrose Inj.-100mcg/ml Nitroglycerin (10 mg / 100 mL) + Dextrose, unspecified form (5 g / 100 mL) Solution Intravenous Baxter Laboratories 1995-12-31 2016-02-26 Canada Nitroglycerin In 5% Dextrose Inj.-200mcg/ml Nitroglycerin (20 mg / 100 mL) + Dextrose, unspecified form (5 g / 100 mL) Solution Intravenous Baxter Laboratories 1995-12-31 Not applicable Canada Nitroglycerin In 5% Dextrose Inj.-400mcg/ml Nitroglycerin (40 mg / 100 mL) + Dextrose, unspecified form (5 g / 100 mL) Solution Intravenous Baxter Laboratories 1995-12-31 Not applicable Canada - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Basic Dental Emergency Kit Nitroglycerin (0.4 mg/1) + Acetylsalicylic acid (325 mg/1) + D-glucose (4000 mg/1) + Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (50 mg/1mL) + Epinephrine (0.3 mg/0.3mL) + Salbutamol sulfate (108 ug/1) Aerosol, metered; Injection; Kit; Tablet; Tablet, chewable Intramuscular; Intravenous; Oral; Respiratory (inhalation); Subcutaneous; Sublingual Best Dental Kit LLC 2023-01-30 Not applicable US Deluxe Dental Emergency Kit Nitroglycerin (0.4 mg/1) + Acetylsalicylic acid (325 mg/1) + D-glucose (4000 mg/1) + Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (50 mg/1mL) + Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (12.5 mg/5mL) + Epinephrine (0.3 mg/0.3mL) + Epinephrine (0.15 mg/0.15mL) + Salbutamol sulfate (108 ug/1) Aerosol, metered; Injection; Kit; Solution; Tablet; Tablet, chewable Intramuscular; Intravenous; Oral; Respiratory (inhalation); Subcutaneous; Sublingual Best Dental Kit LLC 2023-01-30 Not applicable US Nitro-Time Nitroglycerin (6.5 mg/1) Capsule Oral Avera McKennan Hospital 2015-04-24 2017-05-24 US Nitro-Time Nitroglycerin (2.5 mg/1) Capsule Oral Major Pharmaceuticals 2004-01-29 2022-10-31 US Nitro-Time Nitroglycerin (2.5 mg/1) Capsule Oral Carilion Materials Management 2004-01-29 Not applicable US
Categories
- ATC Codes
- C01DA02 — Glyceryl trinitrate
- C01DA — Organic nitrates
- C01D — VASODILATORS USED IN CARDIAC DISEASES
- C01 — CARDIAC THERAPY
- C — CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- C01DA — Organic nitrates
- C01D — VASODILATORS USED IN CARDIAC DISEASES
- C01 — CARDIAC THERAPY
- C — CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
- Drug Categories
- Agents for Treatment of Hemorrhoids and Anal Fissures for Topical Use
- Antianginal Agents
- Antihypertensive Agents
- Cardiac Therapy
- Cardiovascular Agents
- Compounds used in a research, industrial, or household setting
- Explosive Agents
- Hypotensive Agents
- Methemoglobinemia Associated Agents
- Nitrate Vasodilator
- Nitrates and Nitrites
- Nitro Compounds
- Organic Nitrates
- Vasodilating Agents
- Vasodilation
- Vasodilators Used in Cardiac Diseases
- Vasoprotectives
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as alkyl nitrates. These are organic compounds containing a nitrate that is O-linked to an alkyl group.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organic oxygen compounds
- Class
- Organic oxoanionic compounds
- Sub Class
- Organic nitrates
- Direct Parent
- Alkyl nitrates
- Alternative Parents
- Organic nitro compounds / Organic nitric acids and derivatives / Organooxygen compounds / Organic oxides / Organic nitrogen compounds / Hydrocarbon derivatives
- Substituents
- Aliphatic acyclic compound / Alkyl nitrate / Allyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound / Hydrocarbon derivative / Organic 1,3-dipolar compound / Organic nitric acid or derivatives / Organic nitro compound / Organic nitrogen compound / Organic oxide / Organooxygen compound
- Molecular Framework
- Aliphatic acyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- nitroglycerol (CHEBI:28787) / a small molecule (CPD-143)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- G59M7S0WS3
- CAS number
- 55-63-0
- InChI Key
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C3H5N3O9/c7-4(8)13-1-3(15-6(11)12)2-14-5(9)10/h3H,1-2H2
- IUPAC Name
- 1,3-bis(nitrooxy)propan-2-yl nitrate
- SMILES
- [O-][N+](=O)OCC(CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[N+]([O-])=O
References
- Synthesis Reference
Izhak Blank, "Nitroglycerin preparations." U.S. Patent US4482534, issued December, 1979.
US4482534- General References
- Ignarro LJ: After 130 years, the molecular mechanism of action of nitroglycerin is revealed. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jun 11;99(12):7816-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.132271799. [Article]
- Chen Z, Zhang J, Stamler JS: Identification of the enzymatic mechanism of nitroglycerin bioactivation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jun 11;99(12):8306-11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.122225199. Epub 2002 Jun 4. [Article]
- Ferreira JC, Mochly-Rosen D: Nitroglycerin use in myocardial infarction patients. Circ J. 2012;76(1):15-21. Epub 2011 Nov 1. [Article]
- Blagodatskikh SV, Piotrovskii VK, Metelits VI, Riabokon' OS, Martsevich SIu: [Pharmacokinetics of glycerin trinitrate (nitroglycerin) after sublingual administration in patients with chronic ischemic heart disease]. Farmakol Toksikol. 1987 Nov-Dec;50(6):59-63. [Article]
- McNiff EF, Yacobi A, Young-Chang FM, Golden LH, Goldfarb A, Fung HL: Nitroglycerin pharmacokinetics after intravenous infusion in normal subjects. J Pharm Sci. 1981 Sep;70(9):1054-8. [Article]
- Cossum PA, Roberts MS, Yong AC, Kilpatrick D: Distribution and metabolism of nitroglycerin and its metabolites in vascular beds of sheep. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1986 Jun;237(3):959-66. [Article]
- Madhani M, Scotland RS, MacAllister RJ, Hobbs AJ: Vascular natriuretic peptide receptor-linked particulate guanylate cyclases are modulated by nitric oxide-cyclic GMP signalling. Br J Pharmacol. 2003 Aug;139(7):1289-96. [Article]
- Chen Z, Stamler JS: Bioactivation of nitroglycerin by the mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2006 Nov;16(8):259-65. doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2006.05.001. [Article]
- Marsh N, Marsh A: A short history of nitroglycerine and nitric oxide in pharmacology and physiology. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2000 Apr;27(4):313-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1681.2000.03240.x. [Article]
- Kim KH, Kerndt CC, Adnan G, Schaller DJ: Nitroglycerin . [Article]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: Nitroglycerin in 5% Dextrose Injection, for intravenous use [Link]
- Health Canada Approved Drug Products: NITROLINGUAL PUMPSPRAY (Nitroglycerin) Sublingual Spray [Link]
- Pfizer: Nitroglycerin MSDS [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: NITRO-DUR (nitroglycerin) Transdermal Infusion System [Link]
- FDA Approved Drug Products: NitroMist (nitroglycerin) lingual aerosol [Link]
- DailyMed Label: RECTIV (nitroglycerin) Ointment 0.4%, for intra-anal use [Link]
- DailyMed Label: NITROSTAT (nitroglycerin) sublingual tablet [Link]
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0014865
- KEGG Drug
- D00515
- KEGG Compound
- C07455
- PubChem Compound
- 4510
- PubChem Substance
- 46509120
- ChemSpider
- 4354
- 4917
- ChEBI
- 28787
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL730
- ZINC
- ZINC000008214625
- Therapeutic Targets Database
- DNC001024
- PharmGKB
- PA450644
- PDBe Ligand
- TNG
- RxList
- RxList Drug Page
- Drugs.com
- Drugs.com Drug Page
- PDRhealth
- PDRhealth Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Nitroglycerin
- PDB Entries
- 4fr8
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Completed Diagnostic Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) 1 4 Completed Other Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) 1 4 Completed Prevention Anginal Pain / Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) / Radial Artery Spasm 1 4 Completed Prevention Prophylaxis of Contrast-induced nephropathy 1 4 Completed Supportive Care Deliberate Hypotension / Sinus Endoscopic Surgery / Tissue Perfusion 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Novadel pharma inc
- Pohl boskamp
- Graceway pharmaceuticals llc
- Key pharmaceuticals inc sub schering plough corp
- Hercon laboratories corp
- Kremers urban co
- Mylan technologies inc
- Novartis pharmaceuticals corp
- G pohl boskamp gmbh and co
- Sanofi aventis us llc
- Abraxis pharmaceutical products
- Hospira inc
- International medication systems ltd
- Luitpold pharmaceuticals inc
- Smith and nephew solopak div smith and nephew
- Baxter healthcare corp
- Rorer pharmaceutical corp sub rorer group
- Parke davis div warner lambert co
- E fougera div altana inc
- Pfizer pharmaceuticals ltd
- Packagers
- 3M Health Care
- Akrimax Pharmaceuticals
- American Regent
- A-S Medication Solutions LLC
- Baxter International Inc.
- Bradley Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.
- C.O. Truxton Inc.
- Cardinal Health
- Concord Labs
- Dispensing Solutions
- Diversified Healthcare Services Inc.
- E. Fougera and Co.
- Eon Labs
- Ethex Corp.
- G Pohl Boskamp GmbH and Co. KG
- Glenmark Generics Ltd.
- Glenmark Pharmaceuticals
- Graceway Pharmaceuticals
- H and H Laboratories
- Heartland Repack Services LLC
- Hercon Laboratories Corp.
- Hospira Inc.
- Ivax Pharmaceuticals
- Konec Inc.
- Lake Erie Medical and Surgical Supply
- Lohmann Tiererahrung GmbH
- LTS Lohmann Therapy Systems Corp.
- Luitpold Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Major Pharmaceuticals
- Mckesson Corp.
- Murfreesboro Pharmaceutical Nursing Supply
- Mylan
- Neuman Distributors Inc.
- Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd.
- North Safety Products
- Novartis AG
- Nubenco Enterprises Inc.
- Nycomed Inc.
- Pfizer Inc.
- Pharmedix
- Physician Partners Ltd.
- Physicians Total Care Inc.
- Preferred Pharmaceuticals Inc.
- Prepak Systems Inc.
- Qualitest
- Rebel Distributors Corp.
- Redpharm Drug
- Remedy Repack
- Resource Optimization and Innovation LLC
- Sanofi-Aventis Inc.
- Savage Labs
- Schering Corp.
- Schwarz Pharma Inc.
- Sciele Pharma Inc.
- Shire Inc.
- Southwood Pharmaceuticals
- Summit Pharmaceuticals
- Time-Cap Labs
- TriMarc Labs
- United Research Laboratories Inc.
- Valsynthese Ltd.
- Vangard Labs Inc.
- Vision Pharma LLC
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Patch Transdermal 10 MG Patch Transdermal 15 MG Patch Transdermal 5 MG Solution Intravenous 1.000 mg Tablet Oral 0.5 mg Ointment Rectal 0.4 % Aerosol, metered; injection; kit; tablet; tablet, chewable Intramuscular; Intravenous; Oral; Respiratory (inhalation); Subcutaneous; Sublingual Solution Intravenous 50.000 mg Patch Transdermal 18.700 mg Aerosol, metered; injection; kit; solution; tablet; tablet, chewable Intramuscular; Intravenous; Oral; Respiratory (inhalation); Subcutaneous; Sublingual Solution Intravenous 25 mg Patch Transdermal 15 MG/24H Injection Intravenous Injection Intravenous 50 mg/10ml Injection Parenteral 1 mg/ml Injection, solution Intravenous 1 mg/ml Solution Intravenous 1.000 MG/ML Injection Intravenous 1 mg/1ml Spray 0.4 mg Spray Submucosal 400 mcg/spray Solution Sublingual 400 mcg Powder Sublingual 400 ug/1 Tablet Oral 500 mcg Patch Transdermal 0.4 mg / hour Patch Transdermal 0.6 mg / hour Patch Transdermal 18 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 18 mg/1[USP'U] Patch Transdermal 18000 ug/1 Patch Transdermal 36 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 36.000 mg Patch Transdermal 36000 ug/1 Patch Transdermal 54 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 54000 ug/1 Patch Transdermal 9 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 9000 ug/1 Patch Transdermal 72 mg / 26.6 sq cm Plaster Cutaneous 36 mg Aerosol, metered Sublingual 0.4 mg / act Tablet Sublingual 0.5 mg Spray Sublingual Tablet Sublingual Solution Intravenous 1 mg/ml Ointment Topical 20 mg/1g Patch Transdermal Patch Transdermal 120 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 160 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 2.5 MG/DIE Patch Transdermal 20 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 40 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 60 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 80 mg/1 Patch, extended release Transdermal 0.2 mg / hour Patch, extended release Transdermal 60 mg / 15 sq cm Patch, extended release Transdermal 0.6 mg / hour Patch, extended release Transdermal 0.8 mg / hour Patch Transdermal 10 MG/24ORE Patch Transdermal 15 MG/24ORE Patch Transdermal 5 MG/24ORE Ointment Patch Transdermal 25.000 mg Patch, extended release Transdermal 10 mg/24hr Plaster Cutaneous 10 mg Patch, extended release Transdermal 10 mg/24h Patch Transdermal 50 mg Patch, extended release Transdermal 5 mg/24hr Plaster Cutaneous 5 mg Patch, extended release Transdermal 5 mg/24h Patch Transdermal 25 mg Tablet, extended release Buccal 1 mg Solution Parenteral 5 mg Solution Intravenous 50 mg Solution Parenteral 50 mg Solution Intravenous 20 mg Solution Intravenous 2000000 mg Injection, solution Intravenous Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous Aerosol, metered Sublingual 400 ug/1 Capsule Oral 9.0 mg/1 Film, extended release Transdermal 20.8 mg/1 Film, extended release Transdermal 37.4 mg/1 Injection, solution Intravenous 5 mg/1mL Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous 5 mg/1mL Patch Transdermal 0.1 mg/1h Patch Transdermal 0.4 mg/1h Patch Transdermal 0.6 mg/1h Tablet Oral 0.4 mg/1 Tablet Sublingual 0.3 mg/1 Tablet Sublingual 0.6 mg/1 Tablet, orally disintegrating Sublingual 0.3 mg/1 Tablet, orally disintegrating Sublingual 0.4 mg/1 Tablet, orally disintegrating Sublingual 0.6 mg/1 Solution Intravenous Injection Intravenous 10 mg/100mL Injection Intravenous 20 mg/100mL Injection Intravenous 40 mg/100mL Injection, solution Intravenous 100 ug/1mL Injection, solution Intravenous 200 ug/1mL Injection, solution Intravenous 400 ug/1mL Liquid Intravenous 5 mg / mL Capsule Oral 2.5 mg/1 Capsule Oral 6.5 mg/1 Capsule Oral 9 mg/1 Patch Transdermal 10 mg/1d Patch Transdermal 15 mg/1d Patch Transdermal 2.5 mg/1d Patch Transdermal 5 mg/1d Patch Transdermal 0.2 mg/1h Patch, extended release Transdermal 0.1 mg/1h Patch, extended release Transdermal 0.2 mg/1h Patch, extended release Transdermal 0.4 mg/1h Patch, extended release Transdermal 0.6 mg/1h Solution Intravenous 50 mg / 10 mL Solution Intravenous 10 mg / 10 mL Capsule, extended release Oral Ointment Topical 2 % Spray Oral 400 ug/1 Spray, metered Sublingual 400 ug/1 Spray Oral 0.4 mg Spray Oral 0.41 mg Spray Sublingual 0.4 mg Spray, metered Oral 400 ug/1 Spray, metered Sublingual 0.4 mg / act Aerosol, spray Transmucosal 400 ug/1 Injection, solution Intravenous 1 mg/1mL Tablet, extended release Oral 2.6 mg Aerosol, spray Sublingual Tablet Oral 0.3 mg/1 Tablet Oral 0.6 mg/1 Tablet Sublingual 0.3 mg Tablet Sublingual 0.4 mg/1 Tablet Sublingual 0.6 mg Injection Parenteral 10 mg/10ml Ointment Rectal 4 mg/1g Ointment Rectal Ointment Rectal 4 mg/g Ointment Topical 0.2 % w/w Ointment Rectal 0.2 % Patch, extended release Transdermal 12.5 mg/1 Patch, extended release Transdermal 25 mg/1 Patch, extended release Transdermal 50 mg/1 Patch, extended release Transdermal 75 mg/1 Patch, extended release Transdermal 0.4 mg / hour Patch, extended release Transdermal 100 mg / srd Patch Transdermal 0.2 mg / hour Patch Transdermal 10 MG/24h Patch Transdermal 5 MG/24h Patch, extended release Transdermal 15 mg/24hr Injection, solution Intravenous 5 MG/1.5ML Injection, solution Intravenous 50 MG/50ML Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous; Parenteral 5 MG/1.5ML Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous; Parenteral 50 MG/50ML Tablet, coated 0.3 MG Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous 5 mg Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous 5 MG/1.5ML Solution 5 mg/1ml - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Nitrolingual 0.4 mg/spray Solution 12 gm Bottle 242.83USD bottle Nitrolingual 0.4 mg/spray Solution 4.9 gm Bottle 141.43USD bottle Nitro-Dur 30 0.6 mg/hr Patches Box 130.86USD box Nitro-Dur 30 0.8 mg/hr Patches Box 130.86USD box Nitro-Dur 30 0.3 mg/hr Patches Box 120.68USD box Nitro-Dur 30 0.4 mg/hr Patches Box 117.1USD box Minitran 30 0.6 mg/hr Patches Box 114.01USD box Nitro-Dur 30 0.1 mg/hr Patches Box 106.09USD box Nitro-Dur 30 0.2 mg/hr Patches Box 105.6USD box Minitran 30 0.4 mg/hr Patches Box 105.18USD box Minitran 30 0.2 mg/hr Patches Box 93.86USD box Minitran 30 0.1 mg/hr Patches Box 92.36USD box Nitroglycerin 30 0.6 mg/hr Patches Box 63.55USD box Nitroglycerin 5 mg/ml kit 62.38USD kit Nitroglycerin 30 0.4 mg/hr Patches Box 57.62USD box Nitroglycerin 30 0.2 mg/hr Patches Box 50.44USD box Nitrostat 100 0.4 mg Sublingual Tabs Bottle 29.88USD bottle Nitromist 400 mcg spray 28.5USD g Nitrostat 100 0.3 mg Sublingual Tabs Bottle 27.75USD bottle Nitrostat 100 0.6 mg Sublingual Tabs Bottle 24.99USD bottle Nitroglycerin 100 0.6 mg Sublingual Tabs Bottle 23.99USD bottle Nitroglycerin 100 0.3 mg Sublingual Tabs Bottle 22.99USD bottle Nitrostat 25 0.4 mg Sublingual Tabs Bottle 19.31USD bottle Nitroglycerin 25 0.4 mg Sublingual Tabs Bottle 9.5USD bottle Nitro-dur 0.6 mg/hr patch 4.19USD patch Nitro-dur 0.8 mg/hr patch 4.19USD patch Nitro-dur 0.3 mg/hr patch 3.87USD patch Nitro-dur 0.4 mg/hr patch 3.87USD patch Minitran 0.6 mg/hr patch 3.51USD patch Nitro-dur 0.2 mg/hr patch 3.45USD patch Nitro-dur 0.1 mg/hr patch 3.4USD patch Minitran 0.4 mg/hr patch 3.24USD patch Minitran 0.2 mg/hr patch 2.89USD patch Minitran 0.1 mg/hr patch 2.84USD patch Nitroglycerin CR 6.5 mg capsule 1.66USD capsule Nitroglycerin 0.1 mg/hr Patches 1.64USD patch Nitroglycerin CR 9 mg capsule 1.27USD capsule Nitro-Dur 0.8 0.8 mg/hr Patch 1.16USD patch Nitroglycerin er 9 mg capsule 1.0USD capsule Transderm-Nitro 0.4 0.4 mg/hr Patch 0.81USD patch Transderm-Nitro 0.6 0.6 mg/hr Patch 0.81USD patch Minitran 0.4 0.4 mg/hr Patch 0.74USD patch Minitran 0.6 0.6 mg/hr Patch 0.74USD patch Nitroglycerin er 6.5 mg capsule 0.72USD capsule Transderm-Nitro 0.2 0.2 mg/hr Patch 0.71USD patch Nitro-Dur 0.4 0.4 mg/hr Patch 0.67USD patch Nitro-Dur 0.6 0.6 mg/hr Patch 0.67USD patch Trinipatch 0.4 0.4 mg/hr Patch 0.67USD patch Trinipatch 0.6 0.6 mg/hr Patch 0.67USD patch Minitran 0.2 0.2 mg/hr Patch 0.66USD patch Nitrol 2 % Ointment 0.64USD g Nitro-Dur 0.2 0.2 mg/hr Patch 0.59USD patch Trinipatch 0.2 0.2 mg/hr Patch 0.59USD patch Nitroglycerin 9 mg capsule sa 0.53USD capsule Nitro-bid 2% ointment 0.48USD g Nitroglycerin CR 2.5 mg capsule 0.47USD capsule Nitro-time er 9 mg capsule 0.37USD capsule Nitroglycerin 0.4 mg tablet sl 0.36USD tablet Nitrostat 0.4 mg tablet sl 0.35USD tablet Nitro-time er 6.5 mg capsule 0.33USD capsule Nitro-time er 2.5 mg capsule 0.29USD capsule Nitroglycerin er 2.5 mg capsule 0.28USD capsule Nitroglycerin 6.5 mg capsule sa 0.22USD capsule Nitroquick 0.3 mg tablet sl 0.19USD tablet Nitroglycerin 2.5 mg capsule sa 0.18USD capsule Nitroglycerin 2% ointment 0.17USD g Nitrostat 0.6 mg tablet sl 0.16USD tablet Nitroglycerin 0.3 mg tablet sl 0.14USD tablet Nitroglycerin 0.6 mg tablet sl 0.14USD tablet Nitrostat 0.3 mg Sublingual Tablet 0.13USD tablet Nitrostat 0.6 mg Sublingual Tablet 0.13USD tablet Nitrolingual Pumpspray 0.4 mg/dose Metered Dose Spray 0.08USD dose Nitroquick 0.4 mg tablet sl 0.08USD tablet Nitroquick 0.6 mg tablet sl 0.08USD tablet Nitrostat 0.3 mg tablet sl 0.07USD tablet Mylan-Nitro 0.4 mg/dose Metered Dose Spray 0.04USD dose Ntg 25 mg/250 ml in d5w 0.04USD ml Rho-Nitro Pumpspray 0.4 mg/dose Metered Dose Spray 0.04USD dose Ntg 50 mg/500 ml in d5w 0.02USD ml DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
Patent Number Pediatric Extension Approved Expires (estimated) Region US5186938 No 1993-02-16 2010-02-16 US US7872049 No 2011-01-18 2028-03-14 US US6500456 No 2002-12-31 2018-09-16 US US5869082 No 1999-02-09 2016-04-16 US US9101592 No 2015-08-11 2032-03-11 US
Properties
- State
- Liquid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 13.5 http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0186.htm boiling point (°C) 160 http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0186.htm water solubility poor solubility in water http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0186.htm logP 1.62 http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0186.htm logS -3 http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0014865 pKa -5.6 http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0014865 - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 0.204 mg/mL ALOGPS logP 1.25 ALOGPS logP 0.26 Chemaxon logS -3 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Basic) -5.6 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 9 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 0 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 157.11 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 8 Chemaxon Refractivity 37.59 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 15.68 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 0 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.7613 Blood Brain Barrier + 0.9113 Caco-2 permeable - 0.5775 P-glycoprotein substrate Non-substrate 0.8322 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.671 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.9005 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.8325 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8982 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.9022 CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.5255 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.8022 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.7789 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9106 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.72 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9173 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.8638 Ames test AMES toxic 0.9107 Carcinogenicity Carcinogens 0.6822 Biodegradation Ready biodegradable 0.9479 Rat acute toxicity 2.9173 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.512 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.9382
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Download (7.71 KB)
- Spectra
Spectrum Spectrum Type Splash Key Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS Predicted GC-MS splash10-0udi-2910000000-7e0a7efb140cbfba7482 Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum 1D NMR Not Applicable Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum 1D NMR Not Applicable - Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 147.0404626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 147.0637626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 120.897606 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M-H]- 147.0404626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 147.0637626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 147.0404626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 147.0637626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 147.0404626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 147.0637626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 147.0404626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 147.0637626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 147.0404626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 147.0637626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 120.897606 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M-H]- 120.897606 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M-H]- 120.897606 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M-H]- 120.897606 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M-H]- 120.897606 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 146.3201626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 148.1231626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 123.7891 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 146.3201626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 148.1231626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 146.3201626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 148.1231626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 146.3201626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 148.1231626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 146.3201626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 148.1231626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 146.3201626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 148.1231626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 123.7891 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 123.7891 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 123.7891 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 123.7891 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 123.7891 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 149.4105626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 149.5838626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 132.70872 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 149.4105626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 149.5838626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 149.4105626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 149.5838626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 149.4105626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 149.5838626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 149.4105626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 149.5838626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 149.4105626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 149.5838626 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 132.70872 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 132.70872 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 132.70872 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 132.70872 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 132.70872 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Agonist
- Curator comments
- This is a possible target of nitroglycerin, supported by an in vitro study.
- General Function
- Protein kinase activity
- Specific Function
- Receptor for the atrial natriuretic peptide NPPA/ANP and the brain natriuretic peptide NPPB/BNP which are potent vasoactive hormones playing a key role in cardiovascular homeostasis. Has guanylate ...
- Gene Name
- NPR1
- Uniprot ID
- P16066
- Uniprot Name
- Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1
- Molecular Weight
- 118918.11 Da
References
- Madhani M, Scotland RS, MacAllister RJ, Hobbs AJ: Vascular natriuretic peptide receptor-linked particulate guanylate cyclases are modulated by nitric oxide-cyclic GMP signalling. Br J Pharmacol. 2003 Aug;139(7):1289-96. [Article]
Enzymes
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- No
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Electron carrier activity
- Specific Function
- Not Available
- Gene Name
- ALDH2
- Uniprot ID
- P05091
- Uniprot Name
- Aldehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
- Molecular Weight
- 56380.93 Da
References
- Badejo AM Jr, Hodnette C, Dhaliwal JS, Casey DB, Pankey E, Murthy SN, Nossaman BD, Hyman AL, Kadowitz PJ: Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase mediates vasodilator responses of glyceryl trinitrate and sodium nitrite in the pulmonary vascular bed of the rat. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2010 Sep;299(3):H819-26. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00959.2009. Epub 2010 Jun 11. [Article]
- Chen Z, Zhang J, Stamler JS: Identification of the enzymatic mechanism of nitroglycerin bioactivation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jun 11;99(12):8306-11. doi: 10.1073/pnas.122225199. Epub 2002 Jun 4. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at February 20, 2024 23:55