Potassium cation

Identification

Generic Name

Potassium cation

DrugBank Accession Number

DB01345

Background

Potassium is the major cation (positive ion) inside animal cells, while sodium is the major cation outside animal cells. The concentration differences of these charged particles causes a difference in electric potential between the inside and outside of cells, known as the membrane potential. The balance between potassium and sodium is maintained by ion pumps in the cell membrane. The cell membrane potential created by potassium and sodium ions allows the cell generate an action potential—a "spike" of electrical discharge. The ability of cells to produce electrical discharge is critical for body functions such as neurotransmission, muscle contraction, and heart function. Potassium is also an essential mineral needed to regulate water balance, blood pressure and levels of acidity.

Type

Small Molecule

Groups

Approved, Investigational

Structure

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MOLSDFPDBSMILESInChI

Similar Structures

Structure for Potassium cation (DB01345)

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Weight

Average: 39.0983
Monoisotopic: 38.963706861

Chemical Formula

K

Synonyms

• Potassium (ion)
• Potassium ion
• potassium(1+)
• potassium(1+) ion
• potassium(I) cation

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Pharmacology

Indication

Potassium is used to regulate hypokalemia as a primary condition or secondary to other medical conditions.

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Associated Therapies

• Total parenteral nutrition therapy

Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings

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Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action

Potassium is the major cation (positive ion) inside animal cells, while sodium is the major cation outside animal cells. The concentration differences of these charged particles causes a difference in electric potential between the inside and outside of cells, known as the membrane potential. The balance between potassium and sodium is maintained by ion pumps in the cell membrane. The cell membrane potential created by potassium and sodium ions allows the cell generate an action potential—a "spike" of electrical discharge. The ability of cells to produce electrical discharge is critical for body functions such as neurotransmission, muscle contraction, and heart function. Potassium is also an essential mineral needed to regulate water balance, blood pressure and levels of acidity.

Target	Actions	Organism
USodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1	Not Available	Humans

Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism

Not Available

Route of elimination

Mostly urine but also skin and feces.

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects

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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways

Pathway	Category
Glycolysis	Metabolic
Methyclothiazide Action Pathway	Drug action
Hydrochlorothiazide Action Pathway	Drug action
Metolazone Action Pathway	Drug action
Furosemide Action Pathway	Drug action
Torsemide Action Pathway	Drug action
Triamterene Action Pathway	Drug action
Adenylosuccinate Lyase Deficiency	Disease
Hartnup Disorder	Disease
Lysinuric Protein Intolerance	Disease
S-Adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) Hydrolase Deficiency	Disease
Xanthine Dehydrogenase Deficiency (Xanthinuria)	Disease
Glycine N-Methyltransferase Deficiency	Disease
Esomeprazole Action Pathway	Drug action
Omeprazole Action Pathway	Drug action
Lansoprazole Action Pathway	Drug action
Pantoprazole Action Pathway	Drug action
Rabeprazole Action Pathway	Drug action
Ranitidine Action Pathway	Drug action
Famotidine Action Pathway	Drug action
Glucose Transporter Defect (SGLT2)	Disease
Pirenzepine Action Pathway	Drug action
Alprenolol Action Pathway	Drug action
Procainamide (Antiarrhythmic) Action Pathway	Drug action
Lidocaine (Antiarrhythmic) Action Pathway	Drug action
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Deficiency (MTHFRD)	Disease
Hypermethioninemia	Disease
Nimodipine Action Pathway	Drug action
Nisoldipine Action Pathway	Drug action
Benzocaine Action Pathway	Drug action

Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs

Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions

This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.

• Approved
• Vet approved
• Nutraceutical
• Illicit
• Withdrawn
• Investigational
• Experimental
• All Drugs

Drug	Interaction
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Abacavir	Potassium cation may increase the excretion rate of Abacavir which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy.
Acebutolol	Potassium cation may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Acebutolol.
Aceclofenac	Potassium cation may increase the excretion rate of Aceclofenac which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy.
Acemetacin	The therapeutic efficacy of Potassium cation can be decreased when used in combination with Acemetacin.
Acetaminophen	Potassium cation may increase the excretion rate of Acetaminophen which could result in a lower serum level and potentially a reduction in efficacy.

Food Interactions

No interactions found.

Products

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Mixture Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
AMINOMIX	Potassium cation (30 mmol/l) + Acetic acid (4.5 g/1000ml) + Alanine (7 g/1000ml) + Arginine (6 g/1000ml) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.294 g/100ml) + Dextrose, unspecified form (120 g/100ml) + Glycine (5.5 g/1000ml) + Histidine (1.5 g/1000ml) + Hydrochloric acid (1.47 ml) + Isoleucine (2.5 g/1000ml) + Leucine (3.7 g/1000ml) + Lysine (3.3 g/1000ml) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.61 g/100ml) + Methionine (2.15 g/1000ml) + Phenylalanine (2.55 g/1000ml) + Potassium hydroxide (1.981 g/100ml) + Proline (5.6 g/1000ml) + Serine (3.25 g/1000ml) + Sodium cation (50 mmol/l) + Sodium chloride (1.169 g/100ml) + Sodium glycerophosphate hydrate (4.59 g/1000ml) + Taurine (0.5 g/1000ml) + Threonine (2.2 g/1000ml) + Tryptophan (1 g/1000ml) + Tyrosine (0.2 g/1000ml) + Valine (3.1 g/1000ml) + Zinc chloride (0.00545 g/100ml)	Injection, solution	Intravenous	Fresenius Kabi Italia S.R.L.	2014-07-08	Not applicable
AMINOMIX	Potassium cation (30 mmol/l) + Acetic acid (4.5 g/1000ml) + Alanine (7 g/1000ml) + Arginine (6 g/1000ml) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.294 g/100ml) + Dextrose, unspecified form (120 g/100ml) + Glycine (5.5 g/1000ml) + Histidine (1.5 g/1000ml) + Hydrochloric acid (1.47 ml) + Isoleucine (2.5 g/1000ml) + Leucine (3.7 g/1000ml) + Lysine (3.3 g/1000ml) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.61 g/100ml) + Methionine (2.15 g/1000ml) + Phenylalanine (2.55 g/1000ml) + Potassium hydroxide (1.981 g/100ml) + Proline (5.6 g/1000ml) + Serine (3.25 g/1000ml) + Sodium cation (50 mmol/l) + Sodium chloride (1.169 g/100ml) + Sodium glycerophosphate hydrate (4.59 g/1000ml) + Taurine (0.5 g/1000ml) + Threonine (2.2 g/1000ml) + Tryptophan (1 g/1000ml) + Tyrosine (0.2 g/1000ml) + Valine (3.1 g/1000ml) + Zinc chloride (0.00545 g/100ml)	Injection, solution	Intravenous	Fresenius Kabi Italia S.R.L.	2014-07-08	Not applicable
AMINOMIX	Potassium cation (30 mmol/l) + Acetic acid (4.5 g/1000ml) + Alanine (7 g/1000ml) + Arginine (6 g/1000ml) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.294 g/100ml) + Dextrose, unspecified form (200 g/100ml) + Glycine (5.5 g/1000ml) + Histidine (1.5 g/1000ml) + Hydrochloric acid (1.47 ml) + Isoleucine (2.5 g/1000ml) + Leucine (3.7 g/1000ml) + Lysine (3.3 g/1000ml) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.61 g/100ml) + Methionine (2.15 g/1000ml) + Phenylalanine (2.55 g/1000ml) + Potassium hydroxide (1.981 g/100ml) + Proline (5.6 g/1000ml) + Serine (3.25 g/1000ml) + Sodium cation (50 mmol/l) + Sodium chloride (1.169 g/100ml) + Sodium glycerophosphate hydrate (4.59 g/1000ml) + Taurine (0.5 g/1000ml) + Threonine (2.2 g/1000ml) + Tryptophan (1 g/1000ml) + Tyrosine (0.2 g/1000ml) + Valine (3.1 g/1000ml) + Zinc chloride (0.00545 g/100ml)	Injection, solution	Intravenous	Fresenius Kabi Italia S.R.L.	2014-07-08	Not applicable
AMINOMIX	Potassium cation (30 mmol/l) + Acetic acid (4.5 g/1000ml) + Alanine (7 g/1000ml) + Arginine (6 g/1000ml) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.294 g/100ml) + Dextrose, unspecified form (120 g/100ml) + Glycine (5.5 g/1000ml) + Histidine (1.5 g/1000ml) + Hydrochloric acid (1.47 ml) + Isoleucine (2.5 g/1000ml) + Leucine (3.7 g/1000ml) + Lysine (3.3 g/1000ml) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.61 g/100ml) + Methionine (2.15 g/1000ml) + Phenylalanine (2.55 g/1000ml) + Potassium hydroxide (1.981 g/100ml) + Proline (5.6 g/1000ml) + Serine (3.25 g/1000ml) + Sodium cation (50 mmol/l) + Sodium chloride (1.169 g/100ml) + Sodium glycerophosphate hydrate (4.59 g/1000ml) + Taurine (0.5 g/1000ml) + Threonine (2.2 g/1000ml) + Tryptophan (1 g/1000ml) + Tyrosine (0.2 g/1000ml) + Valine (3.1 g/1000ml) + Zinc chloride (0.00545 g/100ml)	Injection, solution	Intravenous	Fresenius Kabi Italia S.R.L.	2014-07-08	Not applicable
AMINOMIX	Potassium cation (30 mmol/l) + Acetic acid (4.5 g/1000ml) + Alanine (7 g/1000ml) + Arginine (6 g/1000ml) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.294 g/100ml) + Dextrose, unspecified form (120 g/100ml) + Glycine (5.5 g/1000ml) + Histidine (1.5 g/1000ml) + Hydrochloric acid (1.47 ml) + Isoleucine (2.5 g/1000ml) + Leucine (3.7 g/1000ml) + Lysine (3.3 g/1000ml) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.61 g/100ml) + Methionine (2.15 g/1000ml) + Phenylalanine (2.55 g/1000ml) + Potassium hydroxide (1.981 g/100ml) + Proline (5.6 g/1000ml) + Serine (3.25 g/1000ml) + Sodium cation (50 mmol/l) + Sodium chloride (1.169 g/100ml) + Sodium glycerophosphate hydrate (4.59 g/1000ml) + Taurine (0.5 g/1000ml) + Threonine (2.2 g/1000ml) + Tryptophan (1 g/1000ml) + Tyrosine (0.2 g/1000ml) + Valine (3.1 g/1000ml) + Zinc chloride (0.00545 g/100ml)	Injection, solution	Intravenous	Fresenius Kabi Italia S.R.L.	2014-07-08	Not applicable

Unapproved/Other Products

Name	Ingredients	Dosage	Route	Labeller	Marketing Start	Marketing End	Region	Image
Rurina	Potassium cation (0.25 g/1L) + Chloride ion (0.11 g/1L) + Sulfate ion (3.6 g/1L)	Liquid	Topical	TELOM-X GENE Co., Ltd.	2017-07-01	Not applicable
Rurina	Potassium cation (0.25 g/1L) + Chloride ion (0.11 g/1L) + Sulfate ion (3.6 g/1L)	Liquid	Topical	Nano Bio Tech Co.,Ltd	2017-07-01	Not applicable
Telom-X-gene	Potassium cation (0.25 g/1L) + Chloride ion (0.11 g/1L) + Sulfate ion (3.6 g/1L)	Liquid	Topical	TELOM-X GENE Co., Ltd.	2017-07-01	Not applicable

Categories

Drug Categories

• Agents causing hyperkalemia
• Diuretics
• Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted
• Increased Large Intestinal Motility
• Inhibition Large Intestine Fluid/Electrolyte Absorption
• Minerals
• Osmotic Activity
• Potassium Salt
• Replacement Preparations

Classification

Not classified

Affected organisms

Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII

295O53K152

CAS number

24203-36-9

InChI Key

NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI

InChI=1S/K/q+1

IUPAC Name

potassium(1+) ion

SMILES

[K+]

References

Synthesis Reference

John B. Sardisco, "Production of potassium sulfate and hydrogen chloride." U.S. Patent US4045543, issued 1865.

US4045543

General References

Not Available

External Links

Human Metabolome Database

HMDB0000586

KEGG Drug

D08403

KEGG Compound

C00238

PubChem Compound

5462222

PubChem Substance

46506517

ChemSpider

791

RxNav

1318915

ChEBI

29103

PharmGKB

PA451047

PDBe Ligand

K

Wikipedia

Potassium

PDB Entries

1a3w / 1a3x / 1a49 / 1a5a / 1a5b / 1a9x / 1ad1 / 1ad4 / 1akd / 1aop …

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FDA label

Download (632 KB)

MSDS

Download (139 KB)

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials

Phase	Status	Purpose	Conditions	Count

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers

Not Available

Packagers

• American Regent
• Hospira Inc.
• Luitpold Pharmaceuticals Inc.

Dosage Forms

Form	Route	Strength
Injection, solution	Intravenous
Solution	Intravenous
Liquid	Topical

Prices

Not Available

Patents

Patent Number	Pediatric Extension	Approved	Expires (estimated)	Region
US6946149	No	2005-09-20	2023-03-07

Properties

State

Solid

Experimental Properties

Property	Value	Source
melting point (°C)	1067 °C (potassium sulfate)	MSDS
boiling point (°C)	1689 °C (potassium sulfate)	MSDS
water solubility	110 g/l (20°C) (potassium sulfate)	MSDS

Predicted Properties

Property	Value	Source
logP	0.2	Chemaxon
pKa (Strongest Acidic)	3.09	Chemaxon
Physiological Charge	1	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count	0	Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count	0	Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area	0 Å2	Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count	0	Chemaxon
Refractivity	0 m3·mol-1	Chemaxon
Polarizability	1.78 Å3	Chemaxon
Number of Rings	0	Chemaxon
Bioavailability	1	Chemaxon
Rule of Five	Yes	Chemaxon
Ghose Filter	No	Chemaxon
Veber's Rule	Yes	Chemaxon
MDDR-like Rule	No	Chemaxon

Predicted ADMET Features

Not Available

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)

Not Available

Spectra

Not Available

Chromatographic Properties

Collision Cross Sections (CCS)

Adduct	CCS Value (Å2)	Source type	Source
[M-H]-	107.2122	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+	108.93591	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+	115.6797	predicted	DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Details1. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1

Kind

Protein

Organism

Humans

Pharmacological action

Unknown

General Function

Steroid hormone binding

Specific Function

This is the catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. This action creates th...

Gene Name

ATP1A1

Uniprot ID

P05023

Uniprot Name

Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1

Molecular Weight

112895.01 Da

References

1. Silva E, Gomes P, Soares-da-Silva P: Overexpression of Na(+)/K (+)-ATPase parallels the increase in sodium transport and potassium recycling in an in vitro model of proximal tubule cellular ageing. J Membr Biol. 2006;212(3):163-75. Epub 2007 Feb 28. [Article]
2. Li C, Geering K, Horisberger JD: The third sodium binding site of Na,K-ATPase is functionally linked to acidic pH-activated inward current. J Membr Biol. 2006;213(1):1-9. Epub 2007 Mar 8. [Article]
3. Stanely Mainzen Prince P, Karthick M: Preventive effect of rutin on lipids, lipoproteins, and ATPases in normal and isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2007;21(1):1-6. [Article]
4. Simon WA, Herrmann M, Klein T, Shin JM, Huber R, Senn-Bilfinger J, Postius S: Soraprazan: setting new standards in inhibition of gastric acid secretion. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Jun;321(3):866-74. Epub 2007 Mar 16. [Article]
5. Iannello S, Milazzo P, Belfiore F: Animal and human tissue Na,K-ATPase in normal and insulin-resistant states: regulation, behaviour and interpretative hypothesis on NEFA effects. Obes Rev. 2007 May;8(3):231-51. [Article]

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Drug created at June 30, 2007 18:13 / Updated at February 20, 2024 23:55