Identification
- Summary
Serine is an amino acid commonly found as a component in total parenteral nutrition.
- Brand Names
- Aminosyn II 7 %, Sulfite-free, Aminosyn-PF 7%, Clinimix 2.75/5, Clinimix E 2.75/5, Clinisol 15, Freamine 6.9, Freamine III 10, Hepatamine 8, Olimel, Periolimel, Plenamine, Premasol, Primene, Procalamine 3, Prosol, Travasol 10, Trophamine 10 %
- Generic Name
- Serine
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB00133
- Background
A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from glycine or threonine. It is involved in the biosynthesis of purines; pyrimidines; and other amino acids.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Investigational, Nutraceutical
- Structure
Structure for Serine (DB00133)
- Weight
- Average: 105.0926
Monoisotopic: 105.042593095 - Chemical Formula
- C3H7NO3
- Synonyms
- (S)-2-Amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid
- (S)-Serine
- alpha-Amino-beta-hydroxypropionic acid
- beta-Hydroxyalanine
- L-Serine
- Ser
- Serina
- Serine
- Serinum
Pharmacology
- Indication
Used as a natural moisturizing agent in some cosmetics and skin care products.
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Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Used in combination to treat Iron deficiency Combination Product in combination with: Ferrous sulfate anhydrous (DB13257) •••••••••••• •••••••• • •••••• ••••• Used in combination to treat Iron deficiency anemia (ida) Combination Product in combination with: Ferrous sulfate anhydrous (DB13257) •••••••••••• •••••••• • •••••• ••••• - Associated Therapies
- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
Serine is classified as a nutritionally non-essential amino acid. Serine is critical for the production of the body's proteins, enzymes and muscle tissue. Serine is needed for the proper metabolism of fats and fatty acids. It also helps in the production of antibodies. Serine is used as a natural moisturizing agent in some cosmetics and skin care products. The main source of essential amino acids is from the diet, non-essential amino acids are normally synthesize by humans and other mammals from common intermediates.
- Mechanism of action
L-Serine plays a role in cell growth and development (cellular proliferation). The conversion of L-serine to glycine by serine hydroxymethyltransferase results in the formation of the one-carbon units necessary for the synthesis of the purine bases, adenine and guanine. These bases when linked to the phosphate ester of pentose sugars are essential components of DNA and RNA and the end products of energy producing metabolic pathways, ATP and GTP. In addition, L-serine conversion to glycine via this same enzyme provides the one-carbon units necessary for production of the pyrimidine nucleotide, deoxythymidine monophosphate, also an essential component of DNA.
Target Actions Organism UCystathionine beta-synthase Not Available Humans UL-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase Not Available Humans USerine racemase Not Available Humans USerine palmitoyltransferase 2 Not Available Humans USerine palmitoyltransferase 1 Not Available Humans USerine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic Not Available Humans USerine--pyruvate aminotransferase Not Available Humans - Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
Improve decision support & research outcomesWith structured adverse effects data, including: blackbox warnings, adverse reactions, warning & precautions, & incidence rates. View sample adverse effects data in our new Data Library!Improve decision support & research outcomes with our structured adverse effects data.- Toxicity
Not Available
- Pathways
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- Not Available
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image 2.5% Travasol Amino Acid Injection With Electrolytes In 10% Dextrose Serine (125 mg / 100 mL) + Alanine (520 mg / 100 mL) + Arginine (290 mg / 100 mL) + Dextrose, unspecified form (10 g / 100 mL) + Dipotassium phosphate (130.5 mg / 100 mL) + Glycine (260 mg / 100 mL) + Histidine (120 mg / 100 mL) + Isoleucine (150 mg / 100 mL) + Leucine (182.5 mg / 100 mL) + Lysine hydrochloride (145 mg / 100 mL) + Magnesium chloride (25.5 mg / 100 mL) + Methionine (100 mg / 100 mL) + Phenylalanine (140 mg / 100 mL) + Proline (170 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium acetate (170 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium chloride (29.3 mg / 100 mL) + Threonine (105 mg / 100 mL) + Tryptophan (45 mg / 100 mL) + Tyrosine (10 mg / 100 mL) + Valine (145 mg / 100 mL) Solution Intravenous Baxter Corporation Clintec Nutrition Division 1996-12-31 2015-08-05 Canada 
2.5%travasol Amino Acid InJ.W.eleC.W.25%dex Serine (125 mg / 100 mL) + Alanine (520 mg / 100 mL) + Arginine (290 mg / 100 mL) + Dextrose, unspecified form (25 g / 100 mL) + Dipotassium phosphate (130.5 mg / 100 mL) + Glycine (260 mg / 100 mL) + Histidine (120 mg / 100 mL) + Isoleucine (150 mg / 100 mL) + Leucine (182.5 mg / 100 mL) + Lysine hydrochloride (145 mg / 100 mL) + Magnesium chloride (25.5 mg / 100 mL) + Methionine (100 mg / 100 mL) + Phenylalanine (140 mg / 100 mL) + Proline (170 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium acetate (170 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium chloride (29.3 mg / 100 mL) + Threonine (105 mg / 100 mL) + Tryptophan (45 mg / 100 mL) + Tyrosine (10 mg / 100 mL) + Valine (145 mg / 100 mL) Liquid Intravenous Clintec Nutrition Company 1996-07-30 1998-08-13 Canada 2.75% Travas. Amino Acid InJ.W.elecw.25%dex Serine (137.5 mg / 100 mL) + Alanine (570 mg / 100 mL) + Arginine (316 mg / 100 mL) + Dextrose, unspecified form (25 g / 100 mL) + Dipotassium phosphate (261 mg / 100 mL) + Glycine (283 mg / 100 mL) + Histidine (132 mg / 100 mL) + Isoleucine (165 mg / 100 mL) + Leucine (201 mg / 100 mL) + Lysine hydrochloride (159.5 mg / 100 mL) + Magnesium chloride (51 mg / 100 mL) + Methionine (110 mg / 100 mL) + Phenylalanine (154 mg / 100 mL) + Proline (187 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium acetate (215.5 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium chloride (112 mg / 100 mL) + Threonine (115.5 mg / 100 mL) + Tryptophan (49.5 mg / 100 mL) + Tyrosine (11 mg / 100 mL) + Valine (159.5 mg / 100 mL) Liquid Intravenous Clintec Nutrition Company 1996-07-30 1998-08-13 Canada 2.75%travasol Amino Acid InJ.W.eleC.W.5%dex. Serine (137.5 mg / 100 mL) + Alanine (570 mg / 100 mL) + Arginine (316 mg / 100 mL) + Dextrose, unspecified form (5 g / 100 mL) + Dipotassium phosphate (261 mg / 100 mL) + Glycine (283 mg / 100 mL) + Histidine (132 mg / 100 mL) + Isoleucine (165 mg / 100 mL) + Leucine (201 mg / 100 mL) + Lysine hydrochloride (159.5 mg / 100 mL) + Magnesium chloride (51 mg / 100 mL) + Methionine (110 mg / 100 mL) + Phenylalanine (154 mg / 100 mL) + Proline (187 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium acetate (215 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium chloride (112 mg / 100 mL) + Threonine (115.5 mg / 100 mL) + Tryptophan (49.5 mg / 100 mL) + Tyrosine (11 mg / 100 mL) + Valine (159.5 mg / 100 mL) Liquid Intravenous Clintec Nutrition Company 1996-12-31 1999-08-10 Canada 20% Prosol Serine (1.02 g) + Alanine (2.76 g) + Arginine (1.96 g) + Aspartic acid (0.6 g) + D-Methionine (0.76 g) + Glutamic acid (1.02 g) + Glycine (2.06 g) + Histidine (1.18 g) + Isoleucine (1.08 g) + Leucine (1.08 g) + Lysine (1.35 g) + Methionine (0.76 g) + Phenylalanine (1 g) + Proline (1.34 g) + Threonine (0.98 g) + Tryptophan (0.32 g) + Tyrosine (0.05 g) + Valine (1.44 g) Liquid Intravenous Baxter Laboratories 1996-10-09 Not applicable Canada - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image Clinimix Serine (1.38 g/1L) + Alanine (5.70 g/1L) + Arginine (3.17 g/1L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.33 g/1L) + D-glucose monohydrate (100.00 g/1L) + Dipotassium phosphate (2.61 g/1L) + Glycine (2.84 g/1L) + Histidine (1.32 g/1L) + Isoleucine (1.65 g/1L) + Leucine (2.01 g/1L) + Lysine (2.00 g/1L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.51 g/1L) + Methionine (1.10 g/1L) + Phenylalanine (1.54 g/1L) + Proline (1.87 g/1L) + Sodium acetate trihydrate (2.16 g/1L) + Sodium chloride (1.12 g/1L) + Threonine (1.16 g/1L) + Tryptophan (0.50 g/1L) + Tyrosine (0.11 g/1L) + Valine (1.60 g/1L) Solution Intravenous Baxter Healthcare Corporation 2017-10-25 2019-11-30 US 
Clinimix Serine (4.25 g/2L) + Alanine (17.60 g/2L) + Arginine (9.78 g/2L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.66 g/2L) + D-glucose monohydrate (300.00 g/2L) + Dipotassium phosphate (5.22 g/2L) + Glycine (8.76 g/2L) + Histidine (4.08 g/2L) + Isoleucine (5.10 g/2L) + Leucine (6.20 g/2L) + Lysine (4.93 g/2L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (1.02 g/2L) + Methionine (3.40 g/2L) + Phenylalanine (4.76 g/2L) + Proline (5.78 g/2L) + Sodium acetate trihydrate (5.94 g/2L) + Sodium chloride (1.54 g/2L) + Threonine (3.57 g/2L) + Tryptophan (1.53 g/2L) + Tyrosine (0.34 g/2L) + Valine (4.93 g/2L) Solution Intravenous Baxter Healthcare Corporation 2017-10-25 2019-11-30 US Clinimix Serine (1.38 g/1L) + Alanine (5.70 g/1L) + Arginine (3.17 g/1L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.33 g/1L) + D-glucose monohydrate (75.00 g/1L) + Dipotassium phosphate (2.61 g/1L) + Glycine (2.84 g/1L) + Histidine (1.32 g/1L) + Isoleucine (1.65 g/1L) + Leucine (2.01 g/1L) + Lysine (2.00 g/1L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (0.51 g/1L) + Methionine (1.10 g/1L) + Phenylalanine (1.54 g/1L) + Proline (1.87 g/1L) + Sodium acetate trihydrate (2.16 g/1L) + Sodium chloride (1.12 g/1L) + Threonine (1.16 g/1L) + Tryptophan (0.50 g/1L) + Tyrosine (0.11 g/1L) + Valine (1.60 g/1L) Solution Intravenous Baxter Healthcare Corporation 2017-10-25 2019-11-30 US FREAMINE III %10 1000 ML(SETLI) Serine (0.59 %) + Alanine (0.71 %) + Arginine (0.95 %) + Cysteine (0.016 %) + Glycine (1.4 %) + Histidine (0.28 %) + Isoleucine (0.69 %) + Leucine (0.91 %) + Lysine (0.73 %) + Methionine (0.53 %) + Phenylalanine (0.56 %) + Proline (1.12 %) + Threonine (0.4 %) + Tryptophan (0.15 %) + Valine (0.66 %) Solution Intravenous ECZACIBAŞI-BAXTER HASTANE ÜRÜNLERİ SAN.VE TİC. A.Ş. 2013-01-29 2024-01-23 Turkey 
FREAMINE III %10 1000 ML(SETSIZ) Serine (0.59 %) + Alanine (0.71 %) + Arginine (0.95 %) + Cysteine (0.016 %) + Glycine (1.4 %) + Histidine (0.28 %) + Isoleucine (0.69 %) + Leucine (0.91 %) + Lysine (0.73 %) + Methionine (0.53 %) + Phenylalanine (0.56 %) + Proline (1.12 %) + Threonine (0.4 %) + Tryptophan (0.15 %) + Valine (0.66 %) Solution Intravenous ECZACIBAŞI-BAXTER HASTANE ÜRÜNLERİ SAN.VE TİC. A.Ş. 2013-01-29 2024-01-23 Turkey
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as serine and derivatives. These are compounds containing serine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of serine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organic acids and derivatives
- Class
- Carboxylic acids and derivatives
- Sub Class
- Amino acids, peptides, and analogues
- Direct Parent
- Serine and derivatives
- Alternative Parents
- L-alpha-amino acids / Beta hydroxy acids and derivatives / Amino acids / Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids / Primary alcohols / Organopnictogen compounds / Organic oxides / Monoalkylamines / Hydrocarbon derivatives show 1 more
- Substituents
- Alcohol / Aliphatic acyclic compound / Alpha-amino acid / Amine / Amino acid / Beta-hydroxy acid / Carbonyl group / Carboxylic acid / Hydrocarbon derivative / Hydroxy acid show 12 more
- Molecular Framework
- Aliphatic acyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- proteinogenic amino acid, L-alpha-amino acid, serine, serine family amino acid (CHEBI:17115) / Common amino acids (C00065)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- 452VLY9402
- CAS number
- 56-45-1
- InChI Key
- MTCFGRXMJLQNBG-REOHCLBHSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C3H7NO3/c4-2(1-5)3(6)7/h2,5H,1,4H2,(H,6,7)/t2-/m0/s1
- IUPAC Name
- (2S)-2-amino-3-hydroxypropanoic acid
- SMILES
- N[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O
References
- Synthesis Reference
Kenichi Ishiwata, Nobuyoshi Makiguichi, Hideki Kawashima, Tadashi Suzuki, Masami Imadegawa, "Method of producing L-serine." U.S. Patent US4782021, issued August, 1973.
US4782021- General References
- Not Available
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0000187
- KEGG Drug
- D00016
- KEGG Compound
- C00065
- PubChem Compound
- 5951
- PubChem Substance
- 46506450
- ChemSpider
- 5736
- BindingDB
- 50357212
- 9671
- ChEBI
- 17115
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL11298
- ZINC
- ZINC000000895034
- PharmGKB
- PA451330
- Guide to Pharmacology
- GtP Drug Page
- PDBe Ligand
- SER
- Wikipedia
- Serine
- MSDS
- Download (72.9 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Recruiting Basic Science Healthy Subjects (HS) / Obesity / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 1 4 Recruiting Prevention Intestinal Obstruction / Ischemia, Mesenteric / Laparotomy 1 4 Terminated Supportive Care Cancer-related Malnutrition 1 4 Terminated Supportive Care Critically Ill Patients 1 4 Terminated Supportive Care Parenteral Nutrition (No Primary Condition Studied) 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Spectrum Pharmaceuticals
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Solution Parenteral Syrup Oral Solution / drops Oral Solution Intravenous 10.50 g/1000ml Injection Intravenous 0.5 g/l Injection Intravenous 0.25 g/1000ml Solution, concentrate Intravenous Injection Intravenous 0.52 g/l Injection, solution Intravenous Injection Intravenous 11.000 g/1000ml Solution Intravenous 18.5 g/L Injection Intravenous 5.5 g/1000ml Injection, emulsion Intravenous Emulsion Intravenous 0.468 g Injection Intravenous 16 g/1000ml Injection Intravenous Emulsion Parenteral 20.000 g Injection Intravenous 1.6 g/l Injection Intravenous 0.37 g/l Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous Injection, emulsion Parenteral Emulsion Intravenous 0.466 g Injection, emulsion; injection, solution Intravenous Emulsion Parenteral Emulsion Intravenous Injection, solution Injection, emulsion Intravenous 4.656 g/1000ml Injection, emulsion Intravenous 6.792 g/1000ml Solution Intraperitoneal Injection, solution Intraperitoneal Liquid Hemodialysis Solution Intraperitoneal 0.184 g/l Emulsion Intravenous 176 g/l Emulsion Intravenous 4 g Emulsion Intravenous 3 g Solution Intravenous Injection Intravenous 4 g/l Liquid Intravenous Injection Intravenous 0.21 g/100ml Emulsion Intravenous 13.000 g Emulsion Parenteral 42.00 g Injection, emulsion Intravenous 14 g/1000ml Injection Intravenous 10.30 g/l - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit L-serine powder 3.85USD g DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 228 dec °C PhysProp water solubility 4.25E+005 mg/L (at 25 °C) YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992) logP -3.07 HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) pKa 2.21 (at 25 °C) KORTUM,G ET AL (1961) - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 480.0 mg/mL ALOGPS logP -3.4 ALOGPS logP -3.9 Chemaxon logS 0.66 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 2.03 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 8.93 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 4 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 3 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 83.55 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 2 Chemaxon Refractivity 22.04 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 9.39 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 0 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
Property Value Probability Human Intestinal Absorption + 0.9407 Blood Brain Barrier - 0.6529 Caco-2 permeable - 0.7839 P-glycoprotein substrate Non-substrate 0.7693 P-glycoprotein inhibitor I Non-inhibitor 0.9862 P-glycoprotein inhibitor II Non-inhibitor 0.9877 Renal organic cation transporter Non-inhibitor 0.9436 CYP450 2C9 substrate Non-substrate 0.8673 CYP450 2D6 substrate Non-substrate 0.846 CYP450 3A4 substrate Non-substrate 0.8389 CYP450 1A2 substrate Non-inhibitor 0.9087 CYP450 2C9 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9512 CYP450 2D6 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.9349 CYP450 2C19 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.945 CYP450 3A4 inhibitor Non-inhibitor 0.908 CYP450 inhibitory promiscuity Low CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity 0.9914 Ames test Non AMES toxic 0.9088 Carcinogenicity Non-carcinogens 0.82 Biodegradation Ready biodegradable 0.9489 Rat acute toxicity 1.2700 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable hERG inhibition (predictor I) Weak inhibitor 0.9923 hERG inhibition (predictor II) Non-inhibitor 0.9811
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Download (8.77 KB)
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 113.9551684 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 113.9991684 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 113.8614684 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 115.38792 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 114.7042684 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 114.6825684 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 114.7837684 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 118.18764 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 113.8369684 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 113.8440684 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 113.9526684 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 126.57448 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Ubiquitin protein ligase binding
- Specific Function
- Hydro-lyase catalyzing the first step of the transsulfuration pathway, where the hydroxyl group of L-serine is displaced by L-homocysteine in a beta-replacement reaction to form L-cystathionine, th...
- Gene Name
- CBS
- Uniprot ID
- P35520
- Uniprot Name
- Cystathionine beta-synthase
- Molecular Weight
- 60586.05 Da
References
- Sen S, Banerjee R: A pathogenic linked mutation in the catalytic core of human cystathionine beta-synthase disrupts allosteric regulation and allows kinetic characterization of a full-length dimer. Biochemistry. 2007 Apr 3;46(13):4110-6. Epub 2007 Mar 13. [Article]
- Qu K, Lee SW, Bian JS, Low CM, Wong PT: Hydrogen sulfide: neurochemistry and neurobiology. Neurochem Int. 2008 Jan;52(1-2):155-65. Epub 2007 Jun 8. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Pyridoxal phosphate binding
- Specific Function
- Not Available
- Gene Name
- SDS
- Uniprot ID
- P20132
- Uniprot Name
- L-serine dehydratase/L-threonine deaminase
- Molecular Weight
- 34625.105 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
- Velayudhan J, Jones MA, Barrow PA, Kelly DJ: L-serine catabolism via an oxygen-labile L-serine dehydratase is essential for colonization of the avian gut by Campylobacter jejuni. Infect Immun. 2004 Jan;72(1):260-8. [Article]
- Snell K, Walker DG: Regulation of hepatic L-serine dehydratase and L-serine-pyruvate aminotransferase in the developing neonatal rat. Biochem J. 1974 Dec;144(3):519-31. [Article]
- Wong HC, Lessie TG: Hydroxy amino acid metabolism in Pseudomonas cepacia: role of L-serine deaminase in dissimilation of serine, glycine, and threonine. J Bacteriol. 1979 Oct;140(1):240-5. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Threonine racemase activity
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the synthesis of D-serine from L-serine. D-serine is a key coagonist with glutamate at NMDA receptors. Has dehydratase activity towards both L-serine and D-serine.
- Gene Name
- SRR
- Uniprot ID
- Q9GZT4
- Uniprot Name
- Serine racemase
- Molecular Weight
- 36565.905 Da
References
- Fujitani Y, Horiuchi T, Ito K, Sugimoto M: Serine racemases from barley, Hordeum vulgare L., and other plant species represent a distinct eukaryotic group: gene cloning and recombinant protein characterization. Phytochemistry. 2007 Jun;68(11):1530-6. Epub 2007 May 17. [Article]
- Ying-Luan Z, Zhao YL, Mori H: [Role of D-serine in the mammalian brain]. Brain Nerve. 2007 Jul;59(7):725-30. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Serine c-palmitoyltransferase activity
- Specific Function
- Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). The heterodimer formed with LCB1/SPTLC1 constitutes the catalytic core. The composition of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex determines the substrate ...
- Gene Name
- SPTLC2
- Uniprot ID
- O15270
- Uniprot Name
- Serine palmitoyltransferase 2
- Molecular Weight
- 62923.765 Da
References
- Yard BA, Carter LG, Johnson KA, Overton IM, Dorward M, Liu H, McMahon SA, Oke M, Puech D, Barton GJ, Naismith JH, Campopiano DJ: The structure of serine palmitoyltransferase; gateway to sphingolipid biosynthesis. J Mol Biol. 2007 Jul 27;370(5):870-86. Epub 2007 May 10. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Serine c-palmitoyltransferase activity
- Specific Function
- Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). The heterodimer formed with SPTLC2 or SPTLC3 constitutes the catalytic core. The composition of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex determines the subst...
- Gene Name
- SPTLC1
- Uniprot ID
- O15269
- Uniprot Name
- Serine palmitoyltransferase 1
- Molecular Weight
- 52743.41 Da
References
- Yard BA, Carter LG, Johnson KA, Overton IM, Dorward M, Liu H, McMahon SA, Oke M, Puech D, Barton GJ, Naismith JH, Campopiano DJ: The structure of serine palmitoyltransferase; gateway to sphingolipid biosynthesis. J Mol Biol. 2007 Jul 27;370(5):870-86. Epub 2007 May 10. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Serine-trna ligase activity
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the attachment of serine to tRNA(Ser). Is also probably able to aminoacylate tRNA(Sec) with serine, to form the misacylated tRNA L-seryl-tRNA(Sec), which will be further converted into se...
- Gene Name
- SARS
- Uniprot ID
- P49591
- Uniprot Name
- Serine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
- Molecular Weight
- 58776.785 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
- Zhang Y, Cui J, Zhang R, Wang Y, Hong M: A novel fibrinolytic serine protease from the polychaete Nereis (Neanthes) virens (Sars): purification and characterization. Biochimie. 2007 Jan;89(1):93-103. Epub 2006 Aug 22. [Article]
- Follis KE, York J, Nunberg JH: Serine-scanning mutagenesis studies of the C-terminal heptad repeats in the SARS coronavirus S glycoprotein highlight the important role of the short helical region. Virology. 2005 Oct 10;341(1):122-9. [Article]
- McClendon CL, Vaidehi N, Kam VW, Zhang D, Goddard WA 3rd: Fidelity of seryl-tRNA synthetase to binding of natural amino acids from HierDock first principles computations. Protein Eng Des Sel. 2006 May;19(5):195-203. Epub 2006 Mar 3. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Transaminase activity
- Specific Function
- Not Available
- Gene Name
- AGXT
- Uniprot ID
- P21549
- Uniprot Name
- Serine--pyruvate aminotransferase
- Molecular Weight
- 43009.535 Da
References
- Ikushiro H, Islam MM, Tojo H, Hayashi H: Molecular characterization of membrane-associated soluble serine palmitoyltransferases from Sphingobacterium multivorum and Bdellovibrio stolpii. J Bacteriol. 2007 Aug;189(15):5749-61. Epub 2007 Jun 8. [Article]
- Cowart LA, Hannun YA: Selective substrate supply in the regulation of yeast de novo sphingolipid synthesis. J Biol Chem. 2007 Apr 20;282(16):12330-40. Epub 2007 Feb 23. [Article]
- Son JH, Yoo HH, Kim DH: Activation of de novo synthetic pathway of ceramides is responsible for the initiation of hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2007 Aug;70(15-16):1310-8. [Article]
- Yard BA, Carter LG, Johnson KA, Overton IM, Dorward M, Liu H, McMahon SA, Oke M, Puech D, Barton GJ, Naismith JH, Campopiano DJ: The structure of serine palmitoyltransferase; gateway to sphingolipid biosynthesis. J Mol Biol. 2007 Jul 27;370(5):870-86. Epub 2007 May 10. [Article]
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Sodium-independent transporter that mediates the update of aromatic acid. Can function as a net efflux pathway for aromatic amino acids in the basosolateral epithelial cells (By similarity).
- Gene Name
- SLC16A10
- Uniprot ID
- Q8TF71
- Uniprot Name
- Monocarboxylate transporter 10
- Molecular Weight
- 55492.07 Da
References
- Kim DK, Kanai Y, Chairoungdua A, Matsuo H, Cha SH, Endou H: Expression cloning of a Na+-independent aromatic amino acid transporter with structural similarity to H+/monocarboxylate transporters. J Biol Chem. 2001 May 18;276(20):17221-8. Epub 2001 Feb 20. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at January 02, 2024 23:42