Identification
- Summary
Leucine is an amino acid commonly found as a component of total parenteral nutrition.
- Brand Names
- Aminosyn II 7 %, Sulfite-free, Aminosyn-PF 7%, Clinimix 2.75/5, Clinimix E 2.75/5, Clinisol 15, Freamine 6.9, Freamine III 10, Hepatamine 8, Nephramine, Olimel, Periolimel, Plenamine, Premasol, Primene, Procalamine 3, Prosol, Travasol 10, Trophamine 10 %
- Generic Name
- Leucine
- DrugBank Accession Number
- DB00149
- Background
An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.
- Type
- Small Molecule
- Groups
- Investigational, Nutraceutical
- Structure
Structure for Leucine (DB00149)
- Weight
- Average: 131.1729
Monoisotopic: 131.094628665 - Chemical Formula
- C6H13NO2
- Synonyms
- (2S)-2-Amino-4-methylpentanoic acid
- (2S)-alpha-2-Amino-4-methylvaleric acid
- (2S)-alpha-Leucine
- (S)-(+)-Leucine
- (S)-Leucine
- 2-Amino-4-methylvaleric acid
- L
- L-Leucin
- L-Leucine
- L-Leuzin
- Leu
- Leucine
- External IDs
- FEMA NO. 3297
Pharmacology
- Indication
Indicated to assist in the prevention of the breakdown of muscle proteins that sometimes occur after trauma or severe stress.
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Indication Type Indication Combined Product Details Approval Level Age Group Patient Characteristics Dose Form Used in combination to treat Hypoalbuminemia Combination Product in combination with: Isoleucine (DB00167), Valine (DB00161) ••• ••• ••••••••••••••• ••••••• •••••••• •••• •••••• - Associated Therapies
- Contraindications & Blackbox Warnings
Prevent Adverse Drug Events TodayTap into our Clinical API for life-saving information on contraindications & blackbox warnings, population restrictions, harmful risks, & more.Avoid life-threatening adverse drug events with our Clinical API- Pharmacodynamics
An essential amino acid. (Claim) Leucine helps with the regulation of blood-sugar levels, the growth and repair of muscle tissue (such as bones, skin and muscles), growth hormone production, wound healing as well as energy regulation. It can assist to prevent the breakdown of muscle proteins that sometimes occur after trauma or severe stress. It may also be beneficial for individuals with phenylketonuria - a condition in which the body cannot metabolize the amino acid phenylalanine
- Mechanism of action
This group of essential amino acids are identified as the branched-chain amino acids, BCAAs. Because this arrangement of carbon atoms cannot be made by humans, these amino acids are an essential element in the diet. The catabolism of all three compounds initiates in muscle and yields NADH and FADH2 which can be utilized for ATP generation. The catabolism of all three of these amino acids uses the same enzymes in the first two steps. The first step in each case is a transamination using a single BCAA aminotransferase, with a-ketoglutarate as amine acceptor. As a result, three different a-keto acids are produced and are oxidized using a common branched-chain a-keto acid dehydrogenase, yielding the three different CoA derivatives. Subsequently the metabolic pathways diverge, producing many intermediates. The principal product from valine is propionylCoA, the glucogenic precursor of succinyl-CoA. Isoleucine catabolism terminates with production of acetylCoA and propionylCoA; thus isoleucine is both glucogenic and ketogenic. Leucine gives rise to acetylCoA and acetoacetylCoA, and is thus classified as strictly ketogenic. There are a number of genetic diseases associated with faulty catabolism of the BCAAs. The most common defect is in the branched-chain a-keto acid dehydrogenase. Since there is only one dehydrogenase enzyme for all three amino acids, all three a-keto acids accumulate and are excreted in the urine. The disease is known as Maple syrup urine disease because of the characteristic odor of the urine in afflicted individuals. Mental retardation in these cases is extensive. Unfortunately, since these are essential amino acids, they cannot be heavily restricted in the diet; ultimately, the life of afflicted individuals is short and development is abnormal The main neurological problems are due to poor formation of myelin in the CNS.
Target Actions Organism UProbable leucine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial Not Available Humans ULeucine carboxyl methyltransferase 2 Not Available Humans ULeucine carboxyl methyltransferase 1 Not Available Humans ULeucine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic Not Available Humans UBranched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, mitochondrial Not Available Humans UBranched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, cytosolic Not Available Humans - Absorption
Not Available
- Volume of distribution
Not Available
- Protein binding
Not Available
- Metabolism
- Not Available
- Route of elimination
Not Available
- Half-life
Not Available
- Clearance
Not Available
- Adverse Effects
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Not Available
- Pathways
- Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
- Not Available
Interactions
- Drug Interactions
- This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.Not Available
- Food Interactions
- Not Available
Products
Drug product information from 10+ global regionsOur datasets provide approved product information including:dosage, form, labeller, route of administration, and marketing period.Access drug product information from over 10 global regions.- Product Ingredients
Ingredient UNII CAS InChI Key L-Leucine hydrochloride N39KV97633 760-84-9 XKZZNHPZEPVUQK-JEDNCBNOSA-N - Mixture Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image 2.5% Travasol Amino Acid Injection With Electrolytes In 10% Dextrose Leucine (182.5 mg / 100 mL) + Alanine (520 mg / 100 mL) + Arginine (290 mg / 100 mL) + Dextrose, unspecified form (10 g / 100 mL) + Dipotassium phosphate (130.5 mg / 100 mL) + Glycine (260 mg / 100 mL) + Histidine (120 mg / 100 mL) + Isoleucine (150 mg / 100 mL) + Lysine hydrochloride (145 mg / 100 mL) + Magnesium chloride (25.5 mg / 100 mL) + Methionine (100 mg / 100 mL) + Phenylalanine (140 mg / 100 mL) + Proline (170 mg / 100 mL) + Serine (125 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium acetate (170 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium chloride (29.3 mg / 100 mL) + Threonine (105 mg / 100 mL) + Tryptophan (45 mg / 100 mL) + Tyrosine (10 mg / 100 mL) + Valine (145 mg / 100 mL) Solution Intravenous Baxter Corporation Clintec Nutrition Division 1996-12-31 2015-08-05 Canada 
2.5% Travasol Amino Acid Injection With Electrolytes In 10% Dextrose Clinimix L-Leucine hydrochloride (155 mg / 100 mL) + Alanine (520 mg / 100 mL) + Arginine (260 mg / 100 mL) + Dextrose, unspecified form (10 g / 100 mL) + Dipotassium phosphate (130.5 mg / 100 mL) + Glycine (520 mg / 100 mL) + Histidine (110 mg / 100 mL) + Isoleucine (120 mg / 100 mL) + Lysine hydrochloride (145 mg / 100 mL) + Magnesium chloride (25.5 mg / 100 mL) + Methionine (145 mg / 100 mL) + Phenylalanine hydrochloride (155 mg / 100 mL) + Proline (105 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium acetate (170 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium chloride (29.3 mg / 100 mL) + Threonine (105 mg / 100 mL) + Tryptophan (45 mg / 100 mL) + Tyrosine (10 mg / 100 mL) + Valine (115 mg / 100 mL) Solution Intravenous Baxter Corporation Clintec Nutrition Division 1993-12-31 2015-08-05 Canada 2.5% Travasol Amino Acid Injection Without Electrolytes In 10% Dextrose Quickmix L-Leucine hydrochloride (155 mg / 100 mL) + Alanine (520 mg / 100 mL) + Arginine (260 mg / 100 mL) + Dextrose, unspecified form (10 g / 100 mL) + Glycine (520 mg / 100 mL) + Histidine (110 mg / 100 mL) + Isoleucine (120 mg / 100 mL) + Lysine hydrochloride (195 mg / 100 mL) + Methionine (195 mg / 100 mL) + Phenylalanine hydrochloride (155 mg / 100 mL) + Proline (105 mg / 100 mL) + Threonine (105 mg / 100 mL) + Tryptophan (45 mg / 100 mL) + Tyrosine (10 mg / 100 mL) + Valine (115 mg / 100 mL) Solution Intravenous Baxter Corporation Clintec Nutrition Division 1995-12-31 2007-08-02 Canada 2.5%travasol Amino Acid InJ.W.eleC.W.25%dex Leucine (182.5 mg / 100 mL) + Alanine (520 mg / 100 mL) + Arginine (290 mg / 100 mL) + Dextrose, unspecified form (25 g / 100 mL) + Dipotassium phosphate (130.5 mg / 100 mL) + Glycine (260 mg / 100 mL) + Histidine (120 mg / 100 mL) + Isoleucine (150 mg / 100 mL) + Lysine hydrochloride (145 mg / 100 mL) + Magnesium chloride (25.5 mg / 100 mL) + Methionine (100 mg / 100 mL) + Phenylalanine (140 mg / 100 mL) + Proline (170 mg / 100 mL) + Serine (125 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium acetate (170 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium chloride (29.3 mg / 100 mL) + Threonine (105 mg / 100 mL) + Tryptophan (45 mg / 100 mL) + Tyrosine (10 mg / 100 mL) + Valine (145 mg / 100 mL) Liquid Intravenous Clintec Nutrition Company 1996-07-30 1998-08-13 Canada 2.75% Travas. Amino Acid InJ.W.elecw.25%dex Leucine (201 mg / 100 mL) + Alanine (570 mg / 100 mL) + Arginine (316 mg / 100 mL) + Dextrose, unspecified form (25 g / 100 mL) + Dipotassium phosphate (261 mg / 100 mL) + Glycine (283 mg / 100 mL) + Histidine (132 mg / 100 mL) + Isoleucine (165 mg / 100 mL) + Lysine hydrochloride (159.5 mg / 100 mL) + Magnesium chloride (51 mg / 100 mL) + Methionine (110 mg / 100 mL) + Phenylalanine (154 mg / 100 mL) + Proline (187 mg / 100 mL) + Serine (137.5 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium acetate (215.5 mg / 100 mL) + Sodium chloride (112 mg / 100 mL) + Threonine (115.5 mg / 100 mL) + Tryptophan (49.5 mg / 100 mL) + Tyrosine (11 mg / 100 mL) + Valine (159.5 mg / 100 mL) Liquid Intravenous Clintec Nutrition Company 1996-07-30 1998-08-13 Canada - Unapproved/Other Products
Name Ingredients Dosage Route Labeller Marketing Start Marketing End Region Image ASCE plus Derma Signal Kit SRLV Leucine (0.01 mg/20mg) + Leucine (0.0025 g/5.0mL) + Isoleucine (0.01 mg/20mg) + Isoleucine (0.0025 g/5.0mL) Kit Topical Exocobio Inc. 2021-10-01 Not applicable US 
ASCE plus Derma Signal Kit SRLV Leucine (0.01 mg/20mg) + Leucine (0.0025 g/5.0mL) + Isoleucine (0.01 mg/20mg) + Isoleucine (0.0025 g/5.0mL) Kit Topical Exocobio Inc. 2021-10-01 Not applicable US ASCE plus Derma Signal Kit SRLV S Leucine (0.0008 mg/20mg) + Leucine (0.0002 g/5.0mL) + Isoleucine (0.0006 mg/20mg) + Isoleucine (0.0001 g/5.0mL) Kit Topical Exocobio Inc. 2019-03-01 Not applicable US ASCE plus Derma Signal Kit SRLV S Leucine (0.0008 mg/20mg) + Leucine (0.0002 g/5.0mL) + Isoleucine (0.0006 mg/20mg) + Isoleucine (0.0001 g/5.0mL) Kit Topical Exocobio Inc. 2019-03-01 Not applicable US Clinimix Leucine (6.20 g/2L) + Alanine (17.60 g/2L) + Arginine (9.78 g/2L) + Calcium chloride dihydrate (0.66 g/2L) + D-glucose monohydrate (300.00 g/2L) + Dipotassium phosphate (5.22 g/2L) + Glycine (8.76 g/2L) + Histidine (4.08 g/2L) + Isoleucine (5.10 g/2L) + Lysine (4.93 g/2L) + Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (1.02 g/2L) + Methionine (3.40 g/2L) + Phenylalanine (4.76 g/2L) + Proline (5.78 g/2L) + Serine (4.25 g/2L) + Sodium acetate trihydrate (5.94 g/2L) + Sodium chloride (1.54 g/2L) + Threonine (3.57 g/2L) + Tryptophan (1.53 g/2L) + Tyrosine (0.34 g/2L) + Valine (4.93 g/2L) Solution Intravenous Baxter Healthcare Corporation 2017-10-25 2019-11-30 US
Categories
- Drug Categories
- Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
- Description
- This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as leucine and derivatives. These are compounds containing leucine or a derivative thereof resulting from reaction of leucine at the amino group or the carboxy group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of glycine by a heteroatom.
- Kingdom
- Organic compounds
- Super Class
- Organic acids and derivatives
- Class
- Carboxylic acids and derivatives
- Sub Class
- Amino acids, peptides, and analogues
- Direct Parent
- Leucine and derivatives
- Alternative Parents
- L-alpha-amino acids / Methyl-branched fatty acids / Amino acids / Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids / Organopnictogen compounds / Organic oxides / Monoalkylamines / Hydrocarbon derivatives / Carbonyl compounds
- Substituents
- Aliphatic acyclic compound / Alpha-amino acid / Amine / Amino acid / Branched fatty acid / Carbonyl group / Carboxylic acid / Fatty acid / Fatty acyl / Hydrocarbon derivative
- Molecular Framework
- Aliphatic acyclic compounds
- External Descriptors
- proteinogenic amino acid, L-alpha-amino acid, leucine, pyruvate family amino acid (CHEBI:15603) / Common amino acids (C00123)
- Affected organisms
- Humans and other mammals
Chemical Identifiers
- UNII
- GMW67QNF9C
- CAS number
- 61-90-5
- InChI Key
- ROHFNLRQFUQHCH-YFKPBYRVSA-N
- InChI
- InChI=1S/C6H13NO2/c1-4(2)3-5(7)6(8)9/h4-5H,3,7H2,1-2H3,(H,8,9)/t5-/m0/s1
- IUPAC Name
- (2S)-2-amino-4-methylpentanoic acid
- SMILES
- CC(C)C[C@H](N)C(O)=O
References
- Synthesis Reference
Takayasu Tsuchida, Haruo Momose, Yoshio Hirose, "Process for producing L-leucine." U.S. Patent US3970519, issued February, 1975.
US3970519- General References
- Not Available
- External Links
- Human Metabolome Database
- HMDB0000687
- KEGG Drug
- D00030
- KEGG Compound
- C00123
- PubChem Compound
- 6106
- PubChem Substance
- 46507163
- ChemSpider
- 5880
- BindingDB
- 50219348
- 6308
- ChEBI
- 57427
- ChEMBL
- CHEMBL291962
- ZINC
- ZINC000003645145
- PharmGKB
- PA450197
- PDBe Ligand
- LEU
- PDRhealth
- PDRhealth Drug Page
- Wikipedia
- Leucine
- MSDS
- Download (72.6 KB)
Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trials
Phase Status Purpose Conditions Count 4 Active Not Recruiting Treatment Critically Ill Patients / Starvation 1 4 Recruiting Basic Science Healthy Subjects (HS) / Obesity / Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 1 4 Recruiting Prevention Intestinal Obstruction / Ischemia, Mesenteric / Laparotomy 1 4 Terminated Supportive Care Cancer-related Malnutrition 1 4 Terminated Supportive Care Critically Ill Patients 1
Pharmacoeconomics
- Manufacturers
- Not Available
- Packagers
- Gallipot
- Vitaflo
- Dosage Forms
Form Route Strength Solution Intravenous 10.50 g/1000ml Injection Intravenous 0.5 g/l Injection Intravenous 0.25 g/1000ml Solution, concentrate Intravenous Injection Intravenous 0.52 g/l Injection Intravenous 11.000 g/1000ml Solution Intravenous 18.5 g/L Injection Intravenous 5.5 g/1000ml Kit Topical Liquid Intravenous Tablet Oral Injection, solution Intravenous Injection, emulsion Intravenous Emulsion Intravenous 0.468 g Powder Topical Liquid Topical Injection Intravenous 16 g/1000ml Capsule Oral Emulsion Parenteral 20.000 g Injection Intravenous 1.6 g/l Solution Parenteral Injection Intravenous 0.37 g/l Injection, solution, concentrate Intravenous Injection, emulsion Parenteral Emulsion Intravenous 0.466 g Injection, emulsion; injection, solution Intravenous Emulsion Parenteral Emulsion Intravenous Injection, solution Injection, emulsion Intravenous 4.656 g/1000ml Injection, emulsion Intravenous 6.792 g/1000ml Solution Intraperitoneal Injection, solution Intraperitoneal Liquid Hemodialysis Solution Intraperitoneal 0.184 g/l Emulsion Intravenous 176 g/l Emulsion Intravenous 4 g Emulsion Intravenous 3 g Solution Intravenous Injection Intravenous 4 g/l Injection Intravenous 0.21 g/100ml Emulsion Intravenous 13.000 g Emulsion Parenteral 42.00 g Injection, emulsion Intravenous 14 g/1000ml Injection Intravenous 10.30 g/l Injection Intravenous Granule - Prices
Unit description Cost Unit Leucine powder 1.62USD each L-leucine powder 0.28USD g DrugBank does not sell nor buy drugs. Pricing information is supplied for informational purposes only.- Patents
- Not Available
Properties
- State
- Solid
- Experimental Properties
Property Value Source melting point (°C) 293 °C PhysProp water solubility 2.15E+004 mg/L (at 25 °C) YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992) logP -1.52 HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995) pKa 2.35 (at 13 °C) KORTUM,G ET AL (1961) - Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility 69.8 mg/mL ALOGPS logP -1.8 ALOGPS logP -1.6 Chemaxon logS -0.27 ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic) 2.79 Chemaxon pKa (Strongest Basic) 9.52 Chemaxon Physiological Charge 0 Chemaxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count 3 Chemaxon Hydrogen Donor Count 2 Chemaxon Polar Surface Area 63.32 Å2 Chemaxon Rotatable Bond Count 3 Chemaxon Refractivity 34.17 m3·mol-1 Chemaxon Polarizability 14.16 Å3 Chemaxon Number of Rings 0 Chemaxon Bioavailability 1 Chemaxon Rule of Five Yes Chemaxon Ghose Filter No Chemaxon Veber's Rule No Chemaxon MDDR-like Rule No Chemaxon - Predicted ADMET Features
- Not Available
Spectra
- Mass Spec (NIST)
- Download (8.19 KB)
- Spectra
- Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
Adduct CCS Value (Å2) Source type Source [M-H]- 129.4622458 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 127.5762327 predictedDarkChem Standard v0.1.0 [M-H]- 129.3313458 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 129.4275458 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M-H]- 126.15216 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+H]+ 129.9972458 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 131.464184 predictedDarkChem Standard v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 130.0110458 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 130.0693458 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+H]+ 129.7971 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019) [M+Na]+ 129.4871458 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 129.4993458 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 129.5862458 predictedDarkChem Lite v0.1.0 [M+Na]+ 138.67374 predictedDeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
Targets
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Use our structured and evidence-based datasets to unlock newinsights and accelerate drug research.
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- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Leucine-trna ligase activity
- Specific Function
- Not Available
- Gene Name
- LARS2
- Uniprot ID
- Q15031
- Uniprot Name
- Probable leucine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial
- Molecular Weight
- 101975.43 Da
References
- Ma JJ, Zhao MW, Wang ED: Split leucine-specific domain of leucyl-tRNA synthetase from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Aquifex aeolicus. Biochemistry. 2006 Dec 12;45(49):14809-16. [Article]
- Zhu B, Zhao MW, Eriani G, Wang ED: A present-day aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase with ancestral editing properties. RNA. 2007 Jan;13(1):15-21. Epub 2006 Nov 9. [Article]
- Vu MT, Martinis SA: A unique insert of leucyl-tRNA synthetase is required for aminoacylation and not amino acid editing. Biochemistry. 2007 May 1;46(17):5170-6. Epub 2007 Apr 4. [Article]
- Hsu JL, Rho SB, Vannella KM, Martinis SA: Functional divergence of a unique C-terminal domain of leucyl-tRNA synthetase to accommodate its splicing and aminoacylation roles. J Biol Chem. 2006 Aug 11;281(32):23075-82. Epub 2006 Jun 14. [Article]
- Lue SW, Kelley SO: A single residue in leucyl-tRNA synthetase affecting amino acid specificity and tRNA aminoacylation. Biochemistry. 2007 Apr 17;46(15):4466-72. Epub 2007 Mar 23. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Trna methyltransferase activity
- Specific Function
- Probable S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent methyltransferase that acts as a component of the wybutosine biosynthesis pathway. Wybutosine is a hyper modified guanosine with a tricyclic base found at...
- Gene Name
- LCMT2
- Uniprot ID
- O60294
- Uniprot Name
- tRNA wybutosine-synthesizing protein 4
- Molecular Weight
- 75601.095 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methyltransferase activity
- Specific Function
- Methylates the carboxyl group of the C-terminal leucine residue of protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunits to form alpha-leucine ester residues.
- Gene Name
- LCMT1
- Uniprot ID
- Q9UIC8
- Uniprot Name
- Leucine carboxyl methyltransferase 1
- Molecular Weight
- 38378.695 Da
References
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- Leucine-trna ligase activity
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the specific attachment of an amino acid to its cognate tRNA in a two step reaction: the amino acid (AA) is first activated by ATP to form AA-AMP and then transferred to the acceptor end ...
- Gene Name
- LARS
- Uniprot ID
- Q9P2J5
- Uniprot Name
- Leucine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
- Molecular Weight
- 134465.155 Da
References
- Ma JJ, Zhao MW, Wang ED: Split leucine-specific domain of leucyl-tRNA synthetase from the hyperthermophilic bacterium Aquifex aeolicus. Biochemistry. 2006 Dec 12;45(49):14809-16. [Article]
- Karkhanis VA, Boniecki MT, Poruri K, Martinis SA: A viable amino acid editing activity in the leucyl-tRNA synthetase CP1-splicing domain is not required in the yeast mitochondria. J Biol Chem. 2006 Nov 3;281(44):33217-25. Epub 2006 Sep 6. [Article]
- Vu MT, Martinis SA: A unique insert of leucyl-tRNA synthetase is required for aminoacylation and not amino acid editing. Biochemistry. 2007 May 1;46(17):5170-6. Epub 2007 Apr 4. [Article]
- Hsu JL, Rho SB, Vannella KM, Martinis SA: Functional divergence of a unique C-terminal domain of leucyl-tRNA synthetase to accommodate its splicing and aminoacylation roles. J Biol Chem. 2006 Aug 11;281(32):23075-82. Epub 2006 Jun 14. [Article]
- Dohm JC, Vingron M, Staub E: Horizontal gene transfer in aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases including leucine-specific subtypes. J Mol Evol. 2006 Oct;63(4):437-47. Epub 2006 Sep 4. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- L-valine transaminase activity
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the first reaction in the catabolism of the essential branched chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine. May also function as a transporter of branched chain alpha-keto acids.
- Gene Name
- BCAT2
- Uniprot ID
- O15382
- Uniprot Name
- Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, mitochondrial
- Molecular Weight
- 44287.445 Da
References
- Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
- Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
- Berger BJ, English S, Chan G, Knodel MH: Methionine regeneration and aminotransferases in Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus anthracis. J Bacteriol. 2003 Apr;185(8):2418-31. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- General Function
- L-valine transaminase activity
- Specific Function
- Catalyzes the first reaction in the catabolism of the essential branched chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine.
- Gene Name
- BCAT1
- Uniprot ID
- P54687
- Uniprot Name
- Branched-chain-amino-acid aminotransferase, cytosolic
- Molecular Weight
- 42965.815 Da
References
- Chen CD, Huang TF, Lin CH, Guan HH, Hsieh YC, Lin YH, Huang YC, Liu MY, Chang WC, Chen CJ: Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of branched-chain aminotransferase from Deinococcus radiodurans. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun. 2007 Jun 1;63(Pt 6):492-4. Epub 2007 May 5. [Article]
- Saito M, Nishimura K, Wakabayashi S, Kurihara T, Nagata Y: Purification of branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase from Helicobacter pylori NCTC 11637. Amino Acids. 2007 Sep;33(3):445-9. Epub 2006 Nov 2. [Article]
Transporters
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Inhibitor
- General Function
- Transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Sodium-independent transporter that mediates the update of aromatic acid. Can function as a net efflux pathway for aromatic amino acids in the basosolateral epithelial cells (By similarity).
- Gene Name
- SLC16A10
- Uniprot ID
- Q8TF71
- Uniprot Name
- Monocarboxylate transporter 10
- Molecular Weight
- 55492.07 Da
References
- Kim DK, Kanai Y, Matsuo H, Kim JY, Chairoungdua A, Kobayashi Y, Enomoto A, Cha SH, Goya T, Endou H: The human T-type amino acid transporter-1: characterization, gene organization, and chromosomal location. Genomics. 2002 Jan;79(1):95-103. [Article]
- Kim DK, Kanai Y, Chairoungdua A, Matsuo H, Cha SH, Endou H: Expression cloning of a Na+-independent aromatic amino acid transporter with structural similarity to H+/monocarboxylate transporters. J Biol Chem. 2001 May 18;276(20):17221-8. Epub 2001 Feb 20. [Article]
- Kind
- Protein
- Organism
- Humans
- Pharmacological action
- Unknown
- Actions
- Substrate
- General Function
- Transporter activity
- Specific Function
- Very active and specific thyroid hormone transporter. Stimulates cellular uptake of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) and diidothyronine. Does not transport Leu,...
- Gene Name
- SLC16A2
- Uniprot ID
- P36021
- Uniprot Name
- Monocarboxylate transporter 8
- Molecular Weight
- 59510.86 Da
References
- Friesema EC, Ganguly S, Abdalla A, Manning Fox JE, Halestrap AP, Visser TJ: Identification of monocarboxylate transporter 8 as a specific thyroid hormone transporter. J Biol Chem. 2003 Oct 10;278(41):40128-35. Epub 2003 Jul 18. [Article]
Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at January 02, 2024 23:42